Add an empty linux/init.h, and definitions for a few parts of the kernel
API either in use now, or to be used in the near future.  Start using the
common definitions in tools/include/linux, although more work needs to be
done here.
Signed-off-by: NMatthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit e6145236 ("radix_tree: add support for multi-order entries")
left the impression that the support for multiorder radix tree entries
was functional.  As soon as Ross tried to use it, it became apparent
that my testing was completely inadequate, and it didn't even work a
little bit for orders that were not a multiple of shift.

This series of patches is the result of about 6 weeks of redesign,
reimplementation, testing, arguing and hair-pulling.  The great news is
that the test-suite is now far better than it was.  That's reflected in
the diffstat for the test-suite alone:

 12 files changed, 436 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

The highlight for users of the tree is that the restriction on the order
of inserted entries being >= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT is now gone; the radix
tree now supports any order between 0 and 64.

For those who are interested in how the tree works, patch 9 is probably
the most interesting one as it introduces the new machinery for handling
sibling entries.

I've tried to be fair in attributing authorship to the person who
contributed the majority of the code in each patch; Ross has been an
invaluable partner in the development of this support and it's fair to
say that each of us has code in every commit.

I should also express my appreciation of the 0day testing.  It prompted
me that I was bloating the tinyconfig in an unacceptable way, and it
bisected to a commit which contained a rather nasty memory-corruption
bug.

This patch (of 29):

The irqdomain code was checking for 0 or 1 entries, not 0 entries like
the comment said they were.  Introduce a new helper that will actually
check for an empty tree.
Signed-off-by: NMatthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Instead of opencoding let's use generic UUID library functions here.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Instead of opencoding let's use generic UUID library functions here.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Richard Russon (FlatCap)" <ldm@flatcap.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

UUID library provides uuid_be type and uuid_be_to_bin() function.  This
substitutes open coded variant by generic library calls.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Instead of opencoding let's use generic UUID library functions here.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Generic UUID library defines structure type, macro to define UUID, and
the length of the UUID string.  This patch removes duplicate data
structure definition, UUID string length constant as well as macro for
UUID handling.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

UUID library provides uuid_be type and uuid_be_to_bin() function.  This
substitutes open coded variant by generic library calls.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is no point in keeping an address in the file since it's subject
to change.

While here, update Intel Copyright years.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are new helpers in this patch:

  uuid_is_valid		checks if a UUID is valid
  uuid_be_to_bin	converts from string to binary (big endian)
  uuid_le_to_bin	converts from string to binary (little endian)

They will be used in future, i.e. in the following patches in the series.

This also moves the indices arrays to lib/uuid.c to be shared accross
modules.

[andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com: fix typo]
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Let's gather the UUID related functions under one hood.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Instead of open coded variant re-use extension that vsprintf.c provides
us for ages.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are few functions here and there along with type definitions that
provide UUID API.  This series consolidates everything under one hood
and converts current users.

This has been tested for a while internally, however it doesn't mean we
covered all possible cases (especially accuracy of UUID constants after
conversion).  So, please test this as much as you can and provide your
tag.  We appreciate the effort.

The ACPI conversion is postponed for now to sort more generic things out
first.

This patch (of 9):

Since we have hex_byte_pack_upper() we may use it directly and avoid
second loop.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The MTA says:
 <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>: unknown user:
    "yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com"

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462776755-9607-1-git-send-email-jslaby@suse.czSigned-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It looks like the email address for this mailing list doesn't exist anymore:
<spear-devel@list.st.com>: host mxb-00178001.gslb.pphosted.com[91.207.212.93] said:
550 5.1.1 User Unknown (in reply to RCPT TO command)
Signed-off-by: NEric Engestrom <eric.engestrom@imgtec.com>
Acked-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Kalle Valo <kvalo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

$ host -t mx lists.openrisc.net
Host lists.openrisc.net not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In NMI context, printk() messages are stored into per-CPU buffers to
avoid a possible deadlock.  They are normally flushed to the main ring
buffer via an IRQ work.  But the work is never called when the system
calls panic() in the very same NMI handler.

This patch tries to flush NMI buffers before the crash dump is
generated.  In this case it does not risk a double release and bails out
when the logbuf_lock is already taken.  The aim is to get the messages
into the main ring buffer when possible.  It makes them better
accessible in the vmcore.

Then the patch tries to flush the buffers second time when other CPUs
are down.  It might be more aggressive and reset logbuf_lock.  The aim
is to get the messages available for the consequent kmsg_dump() and
console_flush_on_panic() calls.

The patch causes vprintk_emit() to be called even in NMI context again.
But it is done via printk_deferred() so that the console handling is
skipped.  Consoles use internal locks and we could not prevent a
deadlock easily.  They are explicitly called later when the crash dump
is not generated, see console_flush_on_panic().
Signed-off-by: NPetr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Testing has shown that the backtrace sometimes does not fit into the 4kB
temporary buffer that is used in NMI context.  The warnings are gone
when I double the temporary buffer size.

This patch doubles the buffer size and makes it configurable.

Note that this problem existed even in the x86-specific implementation
that was added by the commit a9edc880 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI
stack trace on all CPUs").  Nobody noticed it because it did not print
any warnings.
Signed-off-by: NPetr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We could not resize the temporary buffer in NMI context.  Let's warn if
a message is lost.

This is rather theoretical.  printk() should not be used in NMI.  The
only sensible use is when we want to print backtrace from all CPUs.  The
current buffer should be enough for this purpose.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: whitespace fixlet]
Signed-off-by: NPetr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

printk() takes some locks and could not be used a safe way in NMI
context.

The chance of a deadlock is real especially when printing stacks from
all CPUs.  This particular problem has been addressed on x86 by the
commit a9edc880 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all
CPUs").

The patchset brings two big advantages.  First, it makes the NMI
backtraces safe on all architectures for free.  Second, it makes all NMI
messages almost safe on all architectures (the temporary buffer is
limited.  We still should keep the number of messages in NMI context at
minimum).

Note that there already are several messages printed in NMI context:
WARN_ON(in_nmi()), BUG_ON(in_nmi()), anything being printed out from MCE
handlers.  These are not easy to avoid.

This patch reuses most of the code and makes it generic.  It is useful
for all messages and architectures that support NMI.

The alternative printk_func is set when entering and is reseted when
leaving NMI context.  It queues IRQ work to copy the messages into the
main ring buffer in a safe context.

__printk_nmi_flush() copies all available messages and reset the buffer.
Then we could use a simple cmpxchg operations to get synchronized with
writers.  There is also used a spinlock to get synchronized with other
flushers.

We do not longer use seq_buf because it depends on external lock.  It
would be hard to make all supported operations safe for a lockless use.
It would be confusing and error prone to make only some operations safe.

The code is put into separate printk/nmi.c as suggested by Steven
Rostedt.  It needs a per-CPU buffer and is compiled only on
architectures that call nmi_enter().  This is achieved by the new
HAVE_NMI Kconfig flag.

The are MN10300 and Xtensa architectures.  We need to clean up NMI
handling there first.  Let's do it separately.

The patch is heavily based on the draft from Peter Zijlstra, see

  https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/10/327

[arnd@arndb.de: printk-nmi: use %zu format string for size_t]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: min_t->min - all types are size_t here]
Signed-off-by: NPetr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Suggested-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Suggested-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>	[arm part]
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In include/linux/syscalls.h, the four functions sys_kill, sys_tgkill,
sys_tkill and sys_rt_sigqueueinfo are declared with "int pid" and "int
tgid".

However, in kernel/signal.c, the corresponding definitions use the more
appropriate "pid_t" (which is a typedef'd int).

This patch changes "int" to "pid_t" in the declarations of sys_kill,
sys_tgkill, sys_tkill and sys_rt_sigqueueinfo in <linux/syscalls.h> in
order to harmonize the function declarations with their respective
definitions.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/57302FDA.7020205@renenyffenegger.chSigned-off-by: NRené Nyffenegger <mail@renenyffenegger.ch>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "Steven Rostedt (Red Hat)" <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Zach Brown <zab@redhat.com>
Cc: Milosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When using this program (as root):

	#include <err.h>
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <unistd.h>

	#include <sys/io.h>
	#include <sys/types.h>
	#include <sys/wait.h>

	#define ITER 1000
	#define FORKERS 15
	#define THREADS (6000/FORKERS) // 1850 is proc max

	static void fork_100_wait()
	{
		unsigned a, to_wait = 0;

		printf("\t%d forking %d\n", THREADS, getpid());

		for (a = 0; a < THREADS; a++) {
			switch (fork()) {
			case 0:
				usleep(1000);
				exit(0);
				break;
			case -1:
				break;
			default:
				to_wait++;
				break;
			}
		}

		printf("\t%d forked from %d, waiting for %d\n", THREADS, getpid(),
				to_wait);

		for (a = 0; a < to_wait; a++)
			wait(NULL);

		printf("\t%d waited from %d\n", THREADS, getpid());
	}

	static void run_forkers()
	{
		pid_t forkers[FORKERS];
		unsigned a;

		for (a = 0; a < FORKERS; a++) {
			switch ((forkers[a] = fork())) {
			case 0:
				fork_100_wait();
				exit(0);
				break;
			case -1:
				err(1, "DIE fork of %d'th forker", a);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
		}

		for (a = 0; a < FORKERS; a++)
			waitpid(forkers[a], NULL, 0);
	}

	int main()
	{
		unsigned a;
		int ret;

		ret = ioperm(10, 20, 0);
		if (ret < 0)
			err(1, "ioperm");

		for (a = 0; a < ITER; a++)
			run_forkers();

		return 0;
	}

kmemleak reports many occurences of this leak:
unreferenced object 0xffff8805917c8000 (size 8192):
  comm "fork-leak", pid 2932, jiffies 4295354292 (age 1871.028s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ................
    ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ................
  backtrace:
    [<ffffffff814cfbf5>] kmemdup+0x25/0x50
    [<ffffffff8103ab43>] copy_thread_tls+0x6c3/0x9a0
    [<ffffffff81150174>] copy_process+0x1a84/0x5790
    [<ffffffff811dc375>] wake_up_new_task+0x2d5/0x6f0
    [<ffffffff8115411d>] _do_fork+0x12d/0x820
...

Due to the leakage of the memory items which should have been freed in
arch/x86/kernel/process.c:exit_thread().

Make sure the memory is freed when fork fails later in copy_process.
This is done by calling exit_thread with the thread to kill.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We need to call exit_thread from copy_process in a fail path.  So make it
accept task_struct as a parameter.

[v2]
* s390: exit_thread_runtime_instr doesn't make sense to be called for
  non-current tasks.
* arm: fix the comment in vfp_thread_copy
* change 'me' to 'tsk' for task_struct
* now we can change only archs that actually have exit_thread

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Define HAVE_EXIT_THREAD for archs which want to do something in
exit_thread. For others, let's define exit_thread as an empty inline.

This is a cleanup before we change the prototype of exit_thread to
accept a task parameter.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mips]
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We need to call exit_thread from copy_process in a fail path.  Since
exit_thread on mn10300 calls exit_thread_runtime_instr, make it accept
task_struct as a parameter now.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The PR_DUMPABLE flag causes the pid related paths of the proc file
system to be owned by ROOT.

The implementation of pthread_set/getname_np however needs access to
/proc/<pid>/task/<tid>/comm.  If PR_DUMPABLE is false this
implementation is locked out.

This patch installs a special permission function for the file "comm"
that grants read and write access to all threads of the same group
regardless of the ownership of the inode.  For all other threads the
function falls back to the generic inode permission check.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello in comment]
Signed-off-by: NJanis Danisevskis <jdanis@google.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Minfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It's not possible to read the process umask without also modifying it,
which is what umask(2) does.  A library cannot read umask safely,
especially if the main program might be multithreaded.

Add a new status line ("Umask") in /proc/<PID>/status.  It contains the
file mode creation mask (umask) in octal.  It is only shown for tasks
which have task->fs.

This patch is adapted from one originally written by Pierre Carrier.

The use case is that we have endless trouble with people setting weird
umask() values (usually on the grounds of "security"), and then
everything breaking.  I'm on the hook to fix these.  We'd like to add
debugging to our program so we can dump out the umask in debug reports.

Previous versions of the patch used a syscall so you could only read
your own umask.  That's all I need.  However there was quite a lot of
push-back from those, so this new version exports it in /proc.

See:
  https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/704 [umask2]
  https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/487 [getumask]
Signed-off-by: NRichard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKonstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NJerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pierre Carrier <pierre@spotify.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

debug_stat sysfs is read-only and represents various debugging data that
zram developers may need.  This file is not meant to be used by anyone
else: its content is not documented and will change any time w/o any
notice.  Therefore, the output of debug_stat file contains a version
string.  To avoid any confusion, we will increase the version number
every time we modify the output.

At the moment this file exports only one value -- the number of
re-compressions, IOW, the number of times compression fast path has
failed.  This stat is temporary any will be useful in case if any
per-cpu compression streams regressions will be reported.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160513230834.GB26763@bbox
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160511134553.12655-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove the internal part of max_comp_streams interface, since we
switched to per-cpu streams.  We will keep RW max_comp_streams attr
around, because:

a) we may (silently) switch back to idle compression streams list and
   don't want to disturb user space

b) max_comp_streams attr must wait for the next 'lay off cycle'; we
   give user space 2 years to adjust before we remove/downgrade the attr,
   and there are already several attrs scheduled for removal in 4.11, so
   it's too late for max_comp_streams.

This slightly change a user visible behaviour:

- First, reading from max_comp_stream file now will always return the
  number of online CPUs.

- Second, writing to max_comp_stream will not take any effect.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160503165546.25201-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Change the return type of zs_pool_stat_create() to void, and remove the
logic to abort pool creation if the stat debugfs dir/file could not be
created.

The debugfs stat file is for debugging/information only, and doesn't
affect operation of zsmalloc; there is no reason to abort creating the
pool if the stat file can't be created.  This was seen with zswap, which
used the same name for all pool creations, which caused zsmalloc to fail
to create a second pool for zswap if CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT was enabled.
Signed-off-by: NDan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Streetman <dan.streetman@canonical.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add a work_struct to struct zswap_pool, and change __zswap_pool_empty to
use the workqueue instead of using call_rcu().

When zswap destroys a pool no longer in use, it uses call_rcu() to
perform the destruction/freeing.  Since that executes in softirq
context, it must not sleep.  However, actually destroying the pool
involves freeing the per-cpu compressors (which requires locking the
cpu_add_remove_lock mutex) and freeing the zpool, for which the
implementation may sleep (e.g.  zsmalloc calls kmem_cache_destroy, which
locks the slab_mutex).  So if either mutex is currently taken, or any
other part of the compressor or zpool implementation sleeps, it will
result in a BUG().

It's not easy to reproduce this when changing zswap's params normally.
In testing with a loaded system, this does not fail:

  $ cd /sys/module/zswap/parameters
  $ echo lz4 > compressor ; echo zsmalloc > zpool

nor does this:

  $ while true ; do
  > echo lzo > compressor ; echo zbud > zpool
  > sleep 1
  > echo lz4 > compressor ; echo zsmalloc > zpool
  > sleep 1
  > done

although it's still possible either of those might fail, depending on
whether anything else besides zswap has locked the mutexes.

However, changing a parameter with no delay immediately causes the
schedule while atomic BUG:

  $ while true ; do
  > echo lzo > compressor ; echo lz4 > compressor
  > done

This is essentially the same as Yu Zhao's proposed patch to zsmalloc,
but moved to zswap, to cover compressor and zpool freeing.

Fixes: f1c54846 ("zswap: dynamic pool creation")
Signed-off-by: NDan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Reported-by: NYu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Streetman <dan.streetman@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove idle streams list and keep compression streams in per-cpu data.
This removes two contented spin_lock()/spin_unlock() calls from write
path and also prevent write OP from being preempted while holding the
compression stream, which can cause slow downs.

For instance, let's assume that we have N cpus and N-2
max_comp_streams.TASK1 owns the last idle stream, TASK2-TASK3 come in
with the write requests:

  TASK1            TASK2              TASK3
 zram_bvec_write()
  spin_lock
  find stream
  spin_unlock

  compress

  <<preempted>>   zram_bvec_write()
                   spin_lock
                   find stream
                   spin_unlock
                     no_stream
                       schedule
                                     zram_bvec_write()
                                      spin_lock
                                      find_stream
                                      spin_unlock
                                        no_stream
                                          schedule
   spin_lock
   release stream
   spin_unlock
     wake up TASK2

not only TASK2 and TASK3 will not get the stream, TASK1 will be
preempted in the middle of its operation; while we would prefer it to
finish compression and release the stream.

Test environment: x86_64, 4 CPU box, 3G zram, lzo

The following fio tests were executed:
      read, randread, write, randwrite, rw, randrw
with the increasing number of jobs from 1 to 10.

                  4 streams        8 streams       per-cpu
  ===========================================================
  jobs1
  READ:           2520.1MB/s       2566.5MB/s      2491.5MB/s
  READ:           2102.7MB/s       2104.2MB/s      2091.3MB/s
  WRITE:          1355.1MB/s       1320.2MB/s      1378.9MB/s
  WRITE:          1103.5MB/s       1097.2MB/s      1122.5MB/s
  READ:           434013KB/s       435153KB/s      439961KB/s
  WRITE:          433969KB/s       435109KB/s      439917KB/s
  READ:           403166KB/s       405139KB/s      403373KB/s
  WRITE:          403223KB/s       405197KB/s      403430KB/s
  jobs2
  READ:           7958.6MB/s       8105.6MB/s      8073.7MB/s
  READ:           6864.9MB/s       6989.8MB/s      7021.8MB/s
  WRITE:          2438.1MB/s       2346.9MB/s      3400.2MB/s
  WRITE:          1994.2MB/s       1990.3MB/s      2941.2MB/s
  READ:           981504KB/s       973906KB/s      1018.8MB/s
  WRITE:          981659KB/s       974060KB/s      1018.1MB/s
  READ:           937021KB/s       938976KB/s      987250KB/s
  WRITE:          934878KB/s       936830KB/s      984993KB/s
  jobs3
  READ:           13280MB/s        13553MB/s       13553MB/s
  READ:           11534MB/s        11785MB/s       11755MB/s
  WRITE:          3456.9MB/s       3469.9MB/s      4810.3MB/s
  WRITE:          3029.6MB/s       3031.6MB/s      4264.8MB/s
  READ:           1363.8MB/s       1362.6MB/s      1448.9MB/s
  WRITE:          1361.9MB/s       1360.7MB/s      1446.9MB/s
  READ:           1309.4MB/s       1310.6MB/s      1397.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1307.4MB/s       1308.5MB/s      1395.3MB/s
  jobs4
  READ:           20244MB/s        20177MB/s       20344MB/s
  READ:           17886MB/s        17913MB/s       17835MB/s
  WRITE:          4071.6MB/s       4046.1MB/s      6370.2MB/s
  WRITE:          3608.9MB/s       3576.3MB/s      5785.4MB/s
  READ:           1824.3MB/s       1821.6MB/s      1997.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1819.8MB/s       1817.4MB/s      1992.5MB/s
  READ:           1765.7MB/s       1768.3MB/s      1937.3MB/s
  WRITE:          1767.5MB/s       1769.1MB/s      1939.2MB/s
  jobs5
  READ:           18663MB/s        18986MB/s       18823MB/s
  READ:           16659MB/s        16605MB/s       16954MB/s
  WRITE:          3912.4MB/s       3888.7MB/s      6126.9MB/s
  WRITE:          3506.4MB/s       3442.5MB/s      5519.3MB/s
  READ:           1798.2MB/s       1746.5MB/s      1935.8MB/s
  WRITE:          1792.7MB/s       1740.7MB/s      1929.1MB/s
  READ:           1727.6MB/s       1658.2MB/s      1917.3MB/s
  WRITE:          1726.5MB/s       1657.2MB/s      1916.6MB/s
  jobs6
  READ:           21017MB/s        20922MB/s       21162MB/s
  READ:           19022MB/s        19140MB/s       18770MB/s
  WRITE:          3968.2MB/s       4037.7MB/s      6620.8MB/s
  WRITE:          3643.5MB/s       3590.2MB/s      6027.5MB/s
  READ:           1871.8MB/s       1880.5MB/s      2049.9MB/s
  WRITE:          1867.8MB/s       1877.2MB/s      2046.2MB/s
  READ:           1755.8MB/s       1710.3MB/s      1964.7MB/s
  WRITE:          1750.5MB/s       1705.9MB/s      1958.8MB/s
  jobs7
  READ:           21103MB/s        20677MB/s       21482MB/s
  READ:           18522MB/s        18379MB/s       19443MB/s
  WRITE:          4022.5MB/s       4067.4MB/s      6755.9MB/s
  WRITE:          3691.7MB/s       3695.5MB/s      5925.6MB/s
  READ:           1841.5MB/s       1933.9MB/s      2090.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1842.7MB/s       1935.3MB/s      2091.9MB/s
  READ:           1832.4MB/s       1856.4MB/s      1971.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1822.3MB/s       1846.2MB/s      1960.6MB/s
  jobs8
  READ:           20463MB/s        20194MB/s       20862MB/s
  READ:           18178MB/s        17978MB/s       18299MB/s
  WRITE:          4085.9MB/s       4060.2MB/s      7023.8MB/s
  WRITE:          3776.3MB/s       3737.9MB/s      6278.2MB/s
  READ:           1957.6MB/s       1944.4MB/s      2109.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1959.2MB/s       1946.2MB/s      2111.4MB/s
  READ:           1900.6MB/s       1885.7MB/s      2082.1MB/s
  WRITE:          1896.2MB/s       1881.4MB/s      2078.3MB/s
  jobs9
  READ:           19692MB/s        19734MB/s       19334MB/s
  READ:           17678MB/s        18249MB/s       17666MB/s
  WRITE:          4004.7MB/s       4064.8MB/s      6990.7MB/s
  WRITE:          3724.7MB/s       3772.1MB/s      6193.6MB/s
  READ:           1953.7MB/s       1967.3MB/s      2105.6MB/s
  WRITE:          1953.4MB/s       1966.7MB/s      2104.1MB/s
  READ:           1860.4MB/s       1897.4MB/s      2068.5MB/s
  WRITE:          1858.9MB/s       1895.9MB/s      2066.8MB/s
  jobs10
  READ:           19730MB/s        19579MB/s       19492MB/s
  READ:           18028MB/s        18018MB/s       18221MB/s
  WRITE:          4027.3MB/s       4090.6MB/s      7020.1MB/s
  WRITE:          3810.5MB/s       3846.8MB/s      6426.8MB/s
  READ:           1956.1MB/s       1994.6MB/s      2145.2MB/s
  WRITE:          1955.9MB/s       1993.5MB/s      2144.8MB/s
  READ:           1852.8MB/s       1911.6MB/s      2075.8MB/s
  WRITE:          1855.7MB/s       1914.6MB/s      2078.1MB/s

perf stat

                                  4 streams                       8 streams                       per-cpu
  ====================================================================================================================
  jobs1
  stalled-cycles-frontend      23,174,811,209 (  38.21%)     23,220,254,188 (  38.25%)       23,061,406,918 (  38.34%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       11,514,174,638 (  18.98%)     11,696,722,657 (  19.27%)       11,370,852,810 (  18.90%)
  instructions                 73,925,005,782 (    1.22)     73,903,177,632 (    1.22)       73,507,201,037 (    1.22)
  branches                     14,455,124,835 ( 756.063)     14,455,184,779 ( 755.281)       14,378,599,509 ( 758.546)
  branch-misses                    69,801,336 (   0.48%)         80,225,529 (   0.55%)           72,044,726 (   0.50%)
  jobs2
  stalled-cycles-frontend      49,912,741,782 (  46.11%)     50,101,189,290 (  45.95%)       32,874,195,633 (  35.11%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       27,080,366,230 (  25.02%)     27,949,970,232 (  25.63%)       16,461,222,706 (  17.58%)
  instructions                122,831,629,690 (    1.13)    122,919,846,419 (    1.13)      121,924,786,775 (    1.30)
  branches                     23,725,889,239 ( 692.663)     23,733,547,140 ( 688.062)       23,553,950,311 ( 794.794)
  branch-misses                    90,733,041 (   0.38%)         96,320,895 (   0.41%)           84,561,092 (   0.36%)
  jobs3
  stalled-cycles-frontend      66,437,834,608 (  45.58%)     63,534,923,344 (  43.69%)       42,101,478,505 (  33.19%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       34,940,799,661 (  23.97%)     34,774,043,148 (  23.91%)       21,163,324,388 (  16.68%)
  instructions                171,692,121,862 (    1.18)    171,775,373,044 (    1.18)      170,353,542,261 (    1.34)
  branches                     32,968,962,622 ( 628.723)     32,987,739,894 ( 630.512)       32,729,463,918 ( 717.027)
  branch-misses                   111,522,732 (   0.34%)        110,472,894 (   0.33%)           99,791,291 (   0.30%)
  jobs4
  stalled-cycles-frontend      98,741,701,675 (  49.72%)     94,797,349,965 (  47.59%)       54,535,655,381 (  33.53%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       54,642,609,615 (  27.51%)     55,233,554,408 (  27.73%)       27,882,323,541 (  17.14%)
  instructions                220,884,807,851 (    1.11)    220,930,887,273 (    1.11)      218,926,845,851 (    1.35)
  branches                     42,354,518,180 ( 592.105)     42,362,770,587 ( 590.452)       41,955,552,870 ( 716.154)
  branch-misses                   138,093,449 (   0.33%)        131,295,286 (   0.31%)          121,794,771 (   0.29%)
  jobs5
  stalled-cycles-frontend     116,219,747,212 (  48.14%)    110,310,397,012 (  46.29%)       66,373,082,723 (  33.70%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       66,325,434,776 (  27.48%)     64,157,087,914 (  26.92%)       32,999,097,299 (  16.76%)
  instructions                270,615,008,466 (    1.12)    270,546,409,525 (    1.14)      268,439,910,948 (    1.36)
  branches                     51,834,046,557 ( 599.108)     51,811,867,722 ( 608.883)       51,412,576,077 ( 729.213)
  branch-misses                   158,197,086 (   0.31%)        142,639,805 (   0.28%)          133,425,455 (   0.26%)
  jobs6
  stalled-cycles-frontend     138,009,414,492 (  48.23%)    139,063,571,254 (  48.80%)       75,278,568,278 (  32.80%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       79,211,949,650 (  27.68%)     79,077,241,028 (  27.75%)       37,735,797,899 (  16.44%)
  instructions                319,763,993,731 (    1.12)    319,937,782,834 (    1.12)      316,663,600,784 (    1.38)
  branches                     61,219,433,294 ( 595.056)     61,250,355,540 ( 598.215)       60,523,446,617 ( 733.706)
  branch-misses                   169,257,123 (   0.28%)        154,898,028 (   0.25%)          141,180,587 (   0.23%)
  jobs7
  stalled-cycles-frontend     162,974,812,119 (  49.20%)    159,290,061,987 (  48.43%)       88,046,641,169 (  33.21%)
  stalled-cycles-backend       92,223,151,661 (  27.84%)     91,667,904,406 (  27.87%)       44,068,454,971 (  16.62%)
  instructions                369,516,432,430 (    1.12)    369,361,799,063 (    1.12)      365,290,380,661 (    1.38)
  branches                     70,795,673,950 ( 594.220)     70,743,136,124 ( 597.876)       69,803,996,038 ( 732.822)
  branch-misses                   181,708,327 (   0.26%)        165,767,821 (   0.23%)          150,109,797 (   0.22%)
  jobs8
  stalled-cycles-frontend     185,000,017,027 (  49.30%)    182,334,345,473 (  48.37%)       99,980,147,041 (  33.26%)
  stalled-cycles-backend      105,753,516,186 (  28.18%)    107,937,830,322 (  28.63%)       51,404,177,181 (  17.10%)
  instructions                418,153,161,055 (    1.11)    418,308,565,828 (    1.11)      413,653,475,581 (    1.38)
  branches                     80,035,882,398 ( 592.296)     80,063,204,510 ( 589.843)       79,024,105,589 ( 730.530)
  branch-misses                   199,764,528 (   0.25%)        177,936,926 (   0.22%)          160,525,449 (   0.20%)
  jobs9
  stalled-cycles-frontend     210,941,799,094 (  49.63%)    204,714,679,254 (  48.55%)      114,251,113,756 (  33.96%)
  stalled-cycles-backend      122,640,849,067 (  28.85%)    122,188,553,256 (  28.98%)       58,360,041,127 (  17.35%)
  instructions                468,151,025,415 (    1.10)    467,354,869,323 (    1.11)      462,665,165,216 (    1.38)
  branches                     89,657,067,510 ( 585.628)     89,411,550,407 ( 588.990)       88,360,523,943 ( 730.151)
  branch-misses                   218,292,301 (   0.24%)        191,701,247 (   0.21%)          178,535,678 (   0.20%)
  jobs10
  stalled-cycles-frontend     233,595,958,008 (  49.81%)    227,540,615,689 (  49.11%)      160,341,979,938 (  43.07%)
  stalled-cycles-backend      136,153,676,021 (  29.03%)    133,635,240,742 (  28.84%)       65,909,135,465 (  17.70%)
  instructions                517,001,168,497 (    1.10)    516,210,976,158 (    1.11)      511,374,038,613 (    1.37)
  branches                     98,911,641,329 ( 585.796)     98,700,069,712 ( 591.583)       97,646,761,028 ( 728.712)
  branch-misses                   232,341,823 (   0.23%)        199,256,308 (   0.20%)          183,135,268 (   0.19%)

per-cpu streams tend to cause significantly less stalled cycles; execute
less branches and hit less branch-misses.

perf stat reported execution time

                          4 streams        8 streams       per-cpu
  ====================================================================
  jobs1
  seconds elapsed        20.909073870     20.875670495    20.817838540
  jobs2
  seconds elapsed        18.529488399     18.720566469    16.356103108
  jobs3
  seconds elapsed        18.991159531     18.991340812    16.766216066
  jobs4
  seconds elapsed        19.560643828     19.551323547    16.246621715
  jobs5
  seconds elapsed        24.746498464     25.221646740    20.696112444
  jobs6
  seconds elapsed        28.258181828     28.289765505    22.885688857
  jobs7
  seconds elapsed        32.632490241     31.909125381    26.272753738
  jobs8
  seconds elapsed        35.651403851     36.027596308    29.108024711
  jobs9
  seconds elapsed        40.569362365     40.024227989    32.898204012
  jobs10
  seconds elapsed        44.673112304     43.874898137    35.632952191

Please see
  Link: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=146166970727530
  Link: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=146174716719650
for more test results (under low memory conditions).
Signed-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pass GFP flags to zs_malloc() instead of using a fixed mask supplied to
zs_create_pool(), so we can be more flexible, but, more importantly, we
need this to switch zram to per-cpu compression streams -- zram will try
to allocate handle with preemption disabled in a fast path and switch to
a slow path (using different gfp mask) if the fast one has failed.

Apart from that, this also align zs_malloc() interface with zspool/zbud.

[sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com: pass GFP flags to zs_malloc() instead of using a fixed mask]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160429150942.GA637@swordfish
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160429150942.GA637@swordfishSigned-off-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Let's remove unused pool param in obj_free
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Clean up function parameter ordering to order higher data structure
first.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are many BUG_ON in zsmalloc.c which is not recommened so change
them as alternatives.

Normal rule is as follows:

1. avoid BUG_ON if possible. Instead, use VM_BUG_ON or VM_BUG_ON_PAGE

2. use VM_BUG_ON_PAGE if we need to see struct page's fields

3. use those assertion in primitive functions so higher functions can
   rely on the assertion in the primitive function.

4. Don't use assertion if following instruction can trigger Oops
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Clean up function parameter "struct page".  Many functions of zsmalloc
expect that page paramter is "first_page" so use "first_page" rather
than "page" for code readability.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add some tests for the newly-added user memory access API.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462538722-1574-1-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Exchange between user and kernel memory is coded in assembly language.
Which means that such accesses won't be spotted by KASAN as a compiler
instruments only C code.

Add explicit KASAN checks to user memory access API to ensure that
userspace writes to (or reads from) a valid kernel memory.

Note: Unlike others strncpy_from_user() is written mostly in C and KASAN
sees memory accesses in it.  However, it makes sense to add explicit
check for all @count bytes that *potentially* could be written to the
kernel.

[aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: move kasan check under the condition]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462869209-21096-1-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462538722-1574-4-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Memory access coded in an assembly won't be seen by KASAN as a compiler
can instrument only C code.  Add kasan_check_[read,write]() API which is
going to be used to check a certain memory range.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462538722-1574-3-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: NAlexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>