To lock the entire system from parallel oom killing, it's possible to pass
in a zonelist with all zones rather than using for_each_populated_zone()
for the iteration.  This obsoletes try_set_system_oom() and
clear_system_oom() so that they can be removed.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now, memory management can handle movable node or nodes which don't have
any normal memory, so we can dynamic configure and add movable node by:

	online a ZONE_MOVABLE memory from a previous offline node
	offline the last normal memory which result a non-normal-memory-node

movable-node is very important for power-saving, hardware partitioning and
high-available-system(hardware fault management).
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: NYasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We need a node which only contains movable memory.  This feature is very
important for node hotplug.  If a node has normal/highmem, the memory may
be used by the kernel and can't be offlined.  If the node only contains
movable memory, we can offline the memory and the node.

All are prepared, we can actually introduce N_MEMORY.
add CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE make we can use it for movable-dedicated node

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix Kconfig text]
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: NYasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

While profiling numa/core v16 with cgroup_disable=memory on the command
line, I noticed mem_cgroup_count_vm_event() still showed up as high as
0.60% in perftop.

This occurs because the function is called extremely often even when memcg
is disabled.

To fix this, inline the check for mem_cgroup_disabled() so we avoid the
unnecessary function call if memcg is disabled.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NGlauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

During reviewing the source code, I found a comment which mention that
after f_op->mmap(), vma's start address can be changed.  I didn't verify
that it is really possible, because there are so many f_op->mmap()
implementation.  But if there are some mmap() which change vma's start
address, it is possible error situation, because we already prepare prev
vma, rb_link and rb_parent and these are related to original address.

So add WARN_ON_ONCE for finding that this situtation really happens.
Signed-off-by: NJoonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since commit 628f4235 ("memcg: limit change shrink usage") both
res_counter_write() and write_strategy_fn have been unused.  This patch
deletes them both.
Signed-off-by: NGreg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Update nodemasks management for N_MEMORY.

[lliubbo@gmail.com: fix build]
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NBob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.

Since we introduced N_MEMORY, we update the initialization of node_states.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NLin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

N_HIGH_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has normal or high memory.
N_MEMORY stands for the nodes that has any memory.

The code here need to handle with the nodes which have memory, we should
use N_MEMORY instead.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We have N_NORMAL_MEMORY for standing for the nodes that have normal memory
with zone_type <= ZONE_NORMAL.

And we have N_HIGH_MEMORY for standing for the nodes that have normal or
high memory.

But we don't have any word to stand for the nodes that have *any* memory.

And we have N_CPU but without N_MEMORY.

Current code reuse the N_HIGH_MEMORY for this purpose because any node
which has memory must have high memory or normal memory currently.

A)	But this reusing is bad for *readability*. Because the name
	N_HIGH_MEMORY just stands for high or normal:

A.example 1)
	mem_cgroup_nr_lru_pages():
		for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY)

	The user will be confused(why this function just counts for high or
	normal memory node? does it counts for ZONE_MOVABLE's lru pages?)
	until someone else tell them N_HIGH_MEMORY is reused to stand for
	nodes that have any memory.

A.cont) If we introduce N_MEMORY, we can reduce this confusing
	AND make the code more clearly:

A.example 2) mm/page_cgroup.c use N_HIGH_MEMORY twice:

	One is in page_cgroup_init(void):
		for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY) {

	It means if the node have memory, we will allocate page_cgroup map for
	the node. We should use N_MEMORY instead here to gaim more clearly.

	The second using is in alloc_page_cgroup():
		if (node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY))
			addr = vzalloc_node(size, nid);

	It means if the node has high or normal memory that can be allocated
	from kernel. We should keep N_HIGH_MEMORY here, and it will be better
	if the "any memory" semantic of N_HIGH_MEMORY is removed.

B)	This reusing is out-dated if we introduce MOVABLE-dedicated node.
	The MOVABLE-dedicated node should not appear in
	node_stats[N_HIGH_MEMORY] nor node_stats[N_NORMAL_MEMORY],
	because MOVABLE-dedicated node has no high or normal memory.

	In x86_64, N_HIGH_MEMORY=N_NORMAL_MEMORY, if a MOVABLE-dedicated node
	is in node_stats[N_HIGH_MEMORY], it is also means it is in
	node_stats[N_NORMAL_MEMORY], it causes SLUB wrong.

	The slub uses
		for_each_node_state(nid, N_NORMAL_MEMORY)
	and creates kmem_cache_node for MOVABLE-dedicated node and cause problem.

In one word, we need a N_MEMORY.  We just intrude it as an alias to
N_HIGH_MEMORY and fix all im-proper usages of N_HIGH_MEMORY in late
patches.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NWen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lin Feng <linfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

__alloc_contig_migrate_range() should use all possible ways to get all the
pages migrated from the given memory range, so pruning per-cpu lru lists
for all CPUs is required, regadless the cost of such operation.  Otherwise
some pages which got stuck at per-cpu lru list might get missed by
migration procedure causing the contiguous allocation to fail.
Reported-by: NSeongHwan Yoon <sunghwan.yun@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NMarek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NKyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

compact_capture_page() is only used if compaction is enabled so it should
be moved into the corresponding #ifdef.
Signed-off-by: NThierry Reding <thierry.reding@avionic-design.de>
Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pmd value is stable only with mm->page_table_lock taken. After taking
the lock we need to check that nobody modified the pmd before changing it.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NBob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

By default kernel tries to use huge zero page on read page fault.  It's
possible to disable huge zero page by writing 0 or enable it back by
writing 1:

echo 0 >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/use_zero_page
echo 1 >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/use_zero_page
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

hzp_alloc is incremented every time a huge zero page is successfully
	allocated. It includes allocations which where dropped due
	race with other allocation. Note, it doesn't count every map
	of the huge zero page, only its allocation.

hzp_alloc_failed is incremented if kernel fails to allocate huge zero
	page and falls back to using small pages.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

H.  Peter Anvin doesn't like huge zero page which sticks in memory forever
after the first allocation.  Here's implementation of lockless refcounting
for huge zero page.

We have two basic primitives: {get,put}_huge_zero_page(). They
manipulate reference counter.

If counter is 0, get_huge_zero_page() allocates a new huge page and takes
two references: one for caller and one for shrinker.  We free the page
only in shrinker callback if counter is 1 (only shrinker has the
reference).

put_huge_zero_page() only decrements counter.  Counter is never zero in
put_huge_zero_page() since shrinker holds on reference.

Freeing huge zero page in shrinker callback helps to avoid frequent
allocate-free.

Refcounting has cost.  On 4 socket machine I observe ~1% slowdown on
parallel (40 processes) read page faulting comparing to lazy huge page
allocation.  I think it's pretty reasonable for synthetic benchmark.

[lliubbo@gmail.com: fix mismerge]
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NBob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Instead of allocating huge zero page on hugepage_init() we can postpone it
until first huge zero page map. It saves memory if THP is not in use.

cmpxchg() is used to avoid race on huge_zero_pfn initialization.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

All code paths seems covered. Now we can map huge zero page on read page
fault.

We setup it in do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page() if area around fault address
is suitable for THP and we've got read page fault.

If we fail to setup huge zero page (ENOMEM) we fallback to
handle_pte_fault() as we normally do in THP.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We can't split huge zero page itself (and it's bug if we try), but we
can split the pmd which points to it.

On splitting the pmd we create a table with all ptes set to normal zero
page.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build error]
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pass vma instead of mm and add address parameter.

In most cases we already have vma on the stack. We provides
split_huge_page_pmd_mm() for few cases when we have mm, but not vma.

This change is preparation to huge zero pmd splitting implementation.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mprotect core never tries to make page writable using change_huge_pmd().
Let's add an assert that the assumption is true.  It's important to be
sure we will not make huge zero page writable.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

On write access to huge zero page we alloc a new huge page and clear it.

If ENOMEM, graceful fallback: we create a new pmd table and set pte around
fault address to newly allocated normal (4k) page.  All other ptes in the
pmd set to normal zero page.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It's easy to copy huge zero page. Just set destination pmd to huge zero
page.

It's safe to copy huge zero page since we have none yet :-p

[rientjes@google.com: fix comment]
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We don't have a mapped page to zap in huge zero page case.  Let's just clear
pmd and remove it from tlb.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

During testing I noticed big (up to 2.5 times) memory consumption overhead
on some workloads (e.g.  ft.A from NPB) if THP is enabled.

The main reason for that big difference is lacking zero page in THP case.
We have to allocate a real page on read page fault.

A program to demonstrate the issue:
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define MB 1024*1024

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        char *p;
        int i;

        posix_memalign((void **)&p, 2 * MB, 200 * MB);
        for (i = 0; i < 200 * MB; i+= 4096)
                assert(p[i] == 0);
        pause();
        return 0;
}

With thp-never RSS is about 400k, but with thp-always it's 200M.  After
the patcheset thp-always RSS is 400k too.

Design overview.

Huge zero page (hzp) is a non-movable huge page (2M on x86-64) filled with
zeros.  The way how we allocate it changes in the patchset:

- [01/10] simplest way: hzp allocated on boot time in hugepage_init();
- [09/10] lazy allocation on first use;
- [10/10] lockless refcounting + shrinker-reclaimable hzp;

We setup it in do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page() if area around fault address
is suitable for THP and we've got read page fault.  If we fail to setup
hzp (ENOMEM) we fallback to handle_pte_fault() as we normally do in THP.

On wp fault to hzp we allocate real memory for the huge page and clear it.
 If ENOMEM, graceful fallback: we create a new pmd table and set pte
around fault address to newly allocated normal (4k) page.  All other ptes
in the pmd set to normal zero page.

We cannot split hzp (and it's bug if we try), but we can split the pmd
which points to it.  On splitting the pmd we create a table with all ptes
set to normal zero page.

===

By hpa's request I've tried alternative approach for hzp implementation
(see Virtual huge zero page patchset): pmd table with all entries set to
zero page.  This way should be more cache friendly, but it increases TLB
pressure.

The problem with virtual huge zero page: it requires per-arch enabling.
We need a way to mark that pmd table has all ptes set to zero page.

Some numbers to compare two implementations (on 4s Westmere-EX):

Mirobenchmark1
==============

test:
        posix_memalign((void **)&p, 2 * MB, 8 * GB);
        for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                assert(memcmp(p, p + 4*GB, 4*GB) == 0);
                asm volatile ("": : :"memory");
        }

hzp:
 Performance counter stats for './test_memcmp' (5 runs):

      32356.272845 task-clock                #    0.998 CPUs utilized            ( +-  0.13% )
                40 context-switches          #    0.001 K/sec                    ( +-  0.94% )
                 0 CPU-migrations            #    0.000 K/sec
             4,218 page-faults               #    0.130 K/sec                    ( +-  0.00% )
    76,712,481,765 cycles                    #    2.371 GHz                      ( +-  0.13% ) [83.31%]
    36,279,577,636 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   47.29% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  0.28% ) [83.35%]
     1,684,049,110 stalled-cycles-backend    #    2.20% backend  cycles idle     ( +-  2.96% ) [66.67%]
   134,355,715,816 instructions              #    1.75  insns per cycle
                                             #    0.27  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.10% ) [83.35%]
    13,526,169,702 branches                  #  418.039 M/sec                    ( +-  0.10% ) [83.31%]
         1,058,230 branch-misses             #    0.01% of all branches          ( +-  0.91% ) [83.36%]

      32.413866442 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  0.13% )

vhzp:
 Performance counter stats for './test_memcmp' (5 runs):

      30327.183829 task-clock                #    0.998 CPUs utilized            ( +-  0.13% )
                38 context-switches          #    0.001 K/sec                    ( +-  1.53% )
                 0 CPU-migrations            #    0.000 K/sec
             4,218 page-faults               #    0.139 K/sec                    ( +-  0.01% )
    71,964,773,660 cycles                    #    2.373 GHz                      ( +-  0.13% ) [83.35%]
    31,191,284,231 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   43.34% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  0.40% ) [83.32%]
       773,484,474 stalled-cycles-backend    #    1.07% backend  cycles idle     ( +-  6.61% ) [66.67%]
   134,982,215,437 instructions              #    1.88  insns per cycle
                                             #    0.23  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.11% ) [83.32%]
    13,509,150,683 branches                  #  445.447 M/sec                    ( +-  0.11% ) [83.34%]
         1,017,667 branch-misses             #    0.01% of all branches          ( +-  1.07% ) [83.32%]

      30.381324695 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  0.13% )

Mirobenchmark2
==============

test:
        posix_memalign((void **)&p, 2 * MB, 8 * GB);
        for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                char *_p = p;
                while (_p < p+4*GB) {
                        assert(*_p == *(_p+4*GB));
                        _p += 4096;
                        asm volatile ("": : :"memory");
                }
        }

hzp:
 Performance counter stats for 'taskset -c 0 ./test_memcmp2' (5 runs):

       3505.727639 task-clock                #    0.998 CPUs utilized            ( +-  0.26% )
                 9 context-switches          #    0.003 K/sec                    ( +-  4.97% )
             4,384 page-faults               #    0.001 M/sec                    ( +-  0.00% )
     8,318,482,466 cycles                    #    2.373 GHz                      ( +-  0.26% ) [33.31%]
     5,134,318,786 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   61.72% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  0.42% ) [33.32%]
     2,193,266,208 stalled-cycles-backend    #   26.37% backend  cycles idle     ( +-  5.51% ) [33.33%]
     9,494,670,537 instructions              #    1.14  insns per cycle
                                             #    0.54  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.13% ) [41.68%]
     2,108,522,738 branches                  #  601.451 M/sec                    ( +-  0.09% ) [41.68%]
           158,746 branch-misses             #    0.01% of all branches          ( +-  1.60% ) [41.71%]
     3,168,102,115 L1-dcache-loads
          #  903.693 M/sec                    ( +-  0.11% ) [41.70%]
     1,048,710,998 L1-dcache-misses
         #   33.10% of all L1-dcache hits    ( +-  0.11% ) [41.72%]
     1,047,699,685 LLC-load
                 #  298.854 M/sec                    ( +-  0.03% ) [33.38%]
             2,287 LLC-misses
               #    0.00% of all LL-cache hits     ( +-  8.27% ) [33.37%]
     3,166,187,367 dTLB-loads
               #  903.147 M/sec                    ( +-  0.02% ) [33.35%]
         4,266,538 dTLB-misses
              #    0.13% of all dTLB cache hits   ( +-  0.03% ) [33.33%]

       3.513339813 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  0.26% )

vhzp:
 Performance counter stats for 'taskset -c 0 ./test_memcmp2' (5 runs):

      27313.891128 task-clock                #    0.998 CPUs utilized            ( +-  0.24% )
                62 context-switches          #    0.002 K/sec                    ( +-  0.61% )
             4,384 page-faults               #    0.160 K/sec                    ( +-  0.01% )
    64,747,374,606 cycles                    #    2.370 GHz                      ( +-  0.24% ) [33.33%]
    61,341,580,278 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   94.74% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  0.26% ) [33.33%]
    56,702,237,511 stalled-cycles-backend    #   87.57% backend  cycles idle     ( +-  0.07% ) [33.33%]
    10,033,724,846 instructions              #    0.15  insns per cycle
                                             #    6.11  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.09% ) [41.65%]
     2,190,424,932 branches                  #   80.195 M/sec                    ( +-  0.12% ) [41.66%]
         1,028,630 branch-misses             #    0.05% of all branches          ( +-  1.50% ) [41.66%]
     3,302,006,540 L1-dcache-loads
          #  120.891 M/sec                    ( +-  0.11% ) [41.68%]
       271,374,358 L1-dcache-misses
         #    8.22% of all L1-dcache hits    ( +-  0.04% ) [41.66%]
        20,385,476 LLC-load
                 #    0.746 M/sec                    ( +-  1.64% ) [33.34%]
            76,754 LLC-misses
               #    0.38% of all LL-cache hits     ( +-  2.35% ) [33.34%]
     3,309,927,290 dTLB-loads
               #  121.181 M/sec                    ( +-  0.03% ) [33.34%]
     2,098,967,427 dTLB-misses
              #   63.41% of all dTLB cache hits   ( +-  0.03% ) [33.34%]

      27.364448741 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  0.24% )

===

I personally prefer implementation present in this patchset. It doesn't
touch arch-specific code.

This patch:

Huge zero page (hzp) is a non-movable huge page (2M on x86-64) filled with
zeros.

For now let's allocate the page on hugepage_init().  We'll switch to lazy
allocation later.

We are not going to map the huge zero page until we can handle it properly
on all code paths.

is_huge_zero_{pfn,pmd}() functions will be used by following patches to
check whether the pfn/pmd is huge zero page.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The name of this function is not suitable, and removing the function and
open-coding it into each call sites makes the code more understandable.

Additionally, we shouldn't do an allocation from bootmem when
slab_is_available(), so directly return kmalloc()'s return value.
Signed-off-by: NJoonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is no implementation of bootmem_arch_preferred_node() and a call to
this function will cause a compilation error.  So remove it.
Signed-off-by: NJoonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull big execve/kernel_thread/fork unification series from Al Viro:
 "All architectures are converted to new model.  Quite a bit of that
  stuff is actually shared with architecture trees; in such cases it's
  literally shared branch pulled by both, not a cherry-pick.

  A lot of ugliness and black magic is gone (-3KLoC total in this one):

   - kernel_thread()/kernel_execve()/sys_execve() redesign.

     We don't do syscalls from kernel anymore for either kernel_thread()
     or kernel_execve():

     kernel_thread() is essentially clone(2) with callback run before we
     return to userland, the callbacks either never return or do
     successful do_execve() before returning.

     kernel_execve() is a wrapper for do_execve() - it doesn't need to
     do transition to user mode anymore.

     As a result kernel_thread() and kernel_execve() are
     arch-independent now - they live in kernel/fork.c and fs/exec.c
     resp.  sys_execve() is also in fs/exec.c and it's completely
     architecture-independent.

   - daemonize() is gone, along with its parts in fs/*.c

   - struct pt_regs * is no longer passed to do_fork/copy_process/
     copy_thread/do_execve/search_binary_handler/->load_binary/do_coredump.

   - sys_fork()/sys_vfork()/sys_clone() unified; some architectures
     still need wrappers (ones with callee-saved registers not saved in
     pt_regs on syscall entry), but the main part of those suckers is in
     kernel/fork.c now."

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal: (113 commits)
  do_coredump(): get rid of pt_regs argument
  print_fatal_signal(): get rid of pt_regs argument
  ptrace_signal(): get rid of unused arguments
  get rid of ptrace_signal_deliver() arguments
  new helper: signal_pt_regs()
  unify default ptrace_signal_deliver
  flagday: kill pt_regs argument of do_fork()
  death to idle_regs()
  don't pass regs to copy_process()
  flagday: don't pass regs to copy_thread()
  bfin: switch to generic vfork, get rid of pointless wrappers
  xtensa: switch to generic clone()
  openrisc: switch to use of generic fork and clone
  unicore32: switch to generic clone(2)
  score: switch to generic fork/vfork/clone
  c6x: sanitize copy_thread(), get rid of clone(2) wrapper, switch to generic clone()
  take sys_fork/sys_vfork/sys_clone prototypes to linux/syscalls.h
  mn10300: switch to generic fork/vfork/clone
  h8300: switch to generic fork/vfork/clone
  tile: switch to generic clone()
  ...

Conflicts:
	arch/microblaze/include/asm/Kbuild

Pull ARM SoC board updates from Olof Johansson:
 "This branch contains a set of various board updates for ARM platforms.

  A few shmobile platforms that are stale have been removed, some
  defconfig updates for various boards selecting new features such as
  pinctrl subsystem support, and various updates enabling peripherals,
  etc."

Fix up conflicts mostly as per Olof.

* tag 'boards' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (58 commits)
  ARM: S3C64XX: Add dummy supplies for Glenfarclas LDOs
  ARM: S3C64XX: Add registration of WM2200 Bells device on Cragganmore
  ARM: kirkwood: Add Plat'Home OpenBlocks A6 support
  ARM: Dove: update defconfig
  ARM: Kirkwood: update defconfig for new boards
  arm: orion5x: add DT related options in defconfig
  arm: orion5x: convert 'LaCie Ethernet Disk mini v2' to Device Tree
  arm: orion5x: basic Device Tree support
  arm: orion5x: mechanical defconfig update
  ARM: kirkwood: Add support for the MPL CEC4
  arm: kirkwood: add support for ZyXEL NSA310
  ARM: Kirkwood: new board USI Topkick
  ARM: kirkwood: use gpio-fan DT binding on lsxl
  ARM: Kirkwood: add Netspace boards to defconfig
  ARM: kirkwood: DT board setup for Network Space Mini v2
  ARM: kirkwood: DT board setup for Network Space Lite v2
  ARM: kirkwood: DT board setup for Network Space v2 and parents
  leds: leds-ns2: add device tree binding
  ARM: Kirkwood: Enable the second I2C bus
  ARM: mmp: select pinctrl driver
  ...