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  1. 23 3月, 2018 1 次提交
  3. 07 2月, 2018 1 次提交
  5. 18 11月, 2017 1 次提交
  7. 02 11月, 2017 1 次提交
    • G
      License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license · b2441318
      由 Greg Kroah-Hartman 提交于 
      Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: NKate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: NPhilippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
      b2441318
  9. 12 10月, 2017 1 次提交
  11. 09 9月, 2017 4 次提交
  13. 04 9月, 2017 2 次提交
  15. 17 8月, 2017 1 次提交
    • P
      ipc: Replace spin_unlock_wait() with lock/unlock pair · e0892e08
      由 Paul E. McKenney 提交于 
      There is no agreed-upon definition of spin_unlock_wait()'s semantics,
and it appears that all callers could do just as well with a lock/unlock
pair.  This commit therefore replaces the spin_unlock_wait() call in
exit_sem() with spin_lock() followed immediately by spin_unlock().
This should be safe from a performance perspective because exit_sem()
is rarely invoked in production.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: NManfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
      e0892e08
  17. 03 8月, 2017 1 次提交
  19. 16 7月, 2017 3 次提交
  21. 13 7月, 2017 8 次提交
  23. 02 3月, 2017 1 次提交
  25. 28 2月, 2017 2 次提交
    • M
      ipc/sem: add hysteresis · 9de5ab8a
      由 Manfred Spraul 提交于 
      sysv sem has two lock modes: One with per-semaphore locks, one lock mode
with a single global lock for the whole array.  When switching from the
per-semaphore locks to the global lock, all per-semaphore locks must be
scanned for ongoing operations.

The patch adds a hysteresis for switching from the global lock to the
per semaphore locks.  This reduces how often the per-semaphore locks
must be scanned.

Compared to the initial patch, this is a simplified solution: Setting
USE_GLOBAL_LOCK_HYSTERESIS to 1 restores the current behavior.

In theory, a workload with exactly 10 simple sops and then one complex
op now scales a bit worse, but this is pure theory: If there is
concurrency, the it won't be exactly 10:1:10:1:10:1:...  If there is no
concurrency, then there is no need for scalability.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1476851896-3590-3-git-send-email-manfred@colorfullife.comSigned-off-by: NManfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <1vier1@web.de>
Cc: kernel test robot <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Cc: <felixh@informatik.uni-bremen.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      9de5ab8a
    • M
      ipc/sem.c: avoid using spin_unlock_wait() · 27d7be18
      由 Manfred Spraul 提交于 
      a) The ACQUIRE in spin_lock() applies to the read, not to the store, at
   least for powerpc.  This forces to add a smp_mb() into the fast path.

b) The memory barrier provided by spin_unlock_wait() is right now arch
   dependent.

Therefore: Use spin_lock()/spin_unlock() instead of spin_unlock_wait().

Advantage: faster single op semop calls(), observed +8.9% on x86.  (the
other solution would be arch dependencies in ipc/sem).

Disadvantage: slower complex op semop calls, if (and only if) there are
no sleeping operations.

The next patch adds hysteresis, this further reduces the probability
that the slow path is used.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1476851896-3590-2-git-send-email-manfred@colorfullife.comSigned-off-by: NManfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <1vier1@web.de>
Cc: kernel test robot <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Cc: <felixh@informatik.uni-bremen.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      27d7be18
  27. 11 1月, 2017 1 次提交
  29. 15 12月, 2016 7 次提交
  31. 12 10月, 2016 2 次提交
    • N
      ipc/sem.c: add cond_resched in exit_sme · 2a1613a5
      由 Nikolay Borisov 提交于 
      In CONFIG_PREEMPT=n kernel a softlockup was observed while the for loop in
exit_sem.  Apparently it's possible for the loop to take quite a long time
and it doesn't have a scheduling point in it.  Since the codes is
executing under an rcu read section this may also cause rcu stalls, which
in turn block synchronize_rcu operations, which more or less de-stabilises
the whole system.

Fix this by introducing a cond_resched() at the beginning of the loop.

So this patch fixes the following:

  NMI watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#10 stuck for 23s! [httpd:18119]
  CPU: 10 PID: 18119 Comm: httpd Tainted: G           O    4.4.20-clouder2 #6
  Hardware name: Supermicro X10DRi/X10DRi, BIOS 1.1 04/14/2015
  task: ffff88348d695280 ti: ffff881c95550000 task.ti: ffff881c95550000
  RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81614bc7>]  [<ffffffff81614bc7>] _raw_spin_lock+0x17/0x30
  RSP: 0018:ffff881c95553e40  EFLAGS: 00000246
  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff883161b1eea8 RCX: 000000000000000d
  RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000000000000000e RDI: ffff883161b1eea4
  RBP: ffff881c95553ea0 R08: ffff881c95553e68 R09: ffff883fef376f88
  R10: ffff881fffb58c20 R11: ffffea0072556600 R12: ffff883161b1eea0
  R13: ffff88348d695280 R14: ffff883dec427000 R15: ffff8831621672a0
  FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff881fffb40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 00007f3b3723e020 CR3: 0000000001c0a000 CR4: 00000000001406e0
  Call Trace:
    ? exit_sem+0x7c/0x280
    do_exit+0x338/0xb40
    do_group_exit+0x43/0xd0
    SyS_exit_group+0x14/0x20
    entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x16/0x6e

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475154992-6363-1-git-send-email-kernel@kyup.comSigned-off-by: NNikolay Borisov <kernel@kyup.com>
Cc: Herton R. Krzesinski <herton@redhat.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      2a1613a5
    • M
      ipc/sem.c: fix complex_count vs. simple op race · 5864a2fd
      由 Manfred Spraul 提交于 
      Commit 6d07b68c ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()") introduced a
race:

sem_lock has a fast path that allows parallel simple operations.
There are two reasons why a simple operation cannot run in parallel:
 - a non-simple operations is ongoing (sma->sem_perm.lock held)
 - a complex operation is sleeping (sma->complex_count != 0)

As both facts are stored independently, a thread can bypass the current
checks by sleeping in the right positions.  See below for more details
(or kernel bugzilla 105651).

The patch fixes that by creating one variable (complex_mode)
that tracks both reasons why parallel operations are not possible.

The patch also updates stale documentation regarding the locking.

With regards to stable kernels:
The patch is required for all kernels that include the
commit 6d07b68c ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()") (3.10?)

The alternative is to revert the patch that introduced the race.

The patch is safe for backporting, i.e. it makes no assumptions
about memory barriers in spin_unlock_wait().

Background:
Here is the race of the current implementation:

Thread A: (simple op)
- does the first "sma->complex_count == 0" test

Thread B: (complex op)
- does sem_lock(): This includes an array scan. But the scan can't
  find Thread A, because Thread A does not own sem->lock yet.
- the thread does the operation, increases complex_count,
  drops sem_lock, sleeps

Thread A:
- spin_lock(&sem->lock), spin_is_locked(sma->sem_perm.lock)
- sleeps before the complex_count test

Thread C: (complex op)
- does sem_lock (no array scan, complex_count==1)
- wakes up Thread B.
- decrements complex_count

Thread A:
- does the complex_count test

Bug:
Now both thread A and thread C operate on the same array, without
any synchronization.

Fixes: 6d07b68c ("ipc/sem.c: optimize sem_lock()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469123695-5661-1-git-send-email-manfred@colorfullife.com
Reported-by: <felixh@informatik.uni-bremen.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: <1vier1@web.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.10+]
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      5864a2fd
  33. 03 8月, 2016 1 次提交
    • F
      sysv, ipc: fix security-layer leaking · 9b24fef9
      由 Fabian Frederick 提交于 
      Commit 53dad6d3 ("ipc: fix race with LSMs") updated ipc_rcu_putref()
to receive rcu freeing function but used generic ipc_rcu_free() instead
of msg_rcu_free() which does security cleaning.

Running LTP msgsnd06 with kmemleak gives the following:

  cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak

  unreferenced object 0xffff88003c0a11f8 (size 8):
    comm "msgsnd06", pid 1645, jiffies 4294672526 (age 6.549s)
    hex dump (first 8 bytes):
      1b 00 00 00 01 00 00 00                          ........
    backtrace:
      kmemleak_alloc+0x23/0x40
      kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0xe1/0x180
      selinux_msg_queue_alloc_security+0x3f/0xd0
      security_msg_queue_alloc+0x2e/0x40
      newque+0x4e/0x150
      ipcget+0x159/0x1b0
      SyS_msgget+0x39/0x40
      entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x13/0x8f

Manfred Spraul suggested to fix sem.c as well and Davidlohr Bueso to
only use ipc_rcu_free in case of security allocation failure in newary()

Fixes: 53dad6d3 ("ipc: fix race with LSMs")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470083552-22966-1-git-send-email-fabf@skynet.beSigned-off-by: NFabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.12+]
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      9b24fef9
  35. 14 6月, 2016 2 次提交