This commit adds a object_debug option to rcutorture to allow the
debug-object-based checks for duplicate call_rcu() invocations to
be deterministically tested.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: NSedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
[ paulmck: Banish mid-function ifdef, more or less per Josh Triplett. ]
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
[ paulmck: Improve duplicate-callback test, per Lai Jiangshan. ]

All the RCU tracepoints and functions that reference char pointers do
so with just 'char *' even though they do not modify the contents of
the string itself. This will cause warnings if a const char * is used
in one of these functions.

The RCU tracepoints store the pointer to the string to refer back to them
when the trace output is displayed. As this can be minutes, hours or
even days later, those strings had better be constant.

This change also opens the door to allow the RCU tracepoint strings and
their addresses to be exported so that userspace tracing tools can
translate the contents of the pointers of the RCU tracepoints.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications.  For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.

After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out.  Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.

This removes all the drivers/rcu uses of the __cpuinit macros
from all C files.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589

Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>
Cc: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

These interfaces never did get used, so this commit removes them,
their rcutorture tests, and documentation referencing them.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

The uses of trace_clock_local() are dead code when CONFIG_RCU_TRACE=n,
but some compilers might nevertheless generate code calling this function.
This commit therefore ensures that trace_clock_local() is invoked only
when CONFIG_RCU_TRACE=y.
Reported-by: NTetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

A number of kthreads have been added to rcutorture, but the shuffler
task was not informed of them, and thus did not shuffle them.  This
commit therefore adds the requisite shuffling, and, while in the area
fixes up some whitespace issues.

However, the shuffling is intended to keep randomly selected CPUs
idle, which means that the RCU priority boosting kthreads need to
avoid waking up every jiffy.  This commit also makes that fix.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Signed-off-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, rcutorture traces every read-side access.  This can be
problematic because even a two-minute rcutorture run on a two-CPU system
can generate 28,853,363 reads.  Normally, only a failing read is of
interest, so this commit traces adjusts rcutorture's tracing to only
trace failing reads.  The resulting event tracing records the time
and the ->completed value captured at the beginning of the RCU read-side
critical section, allowing correlation with other event-tracing messages.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
[ paulmck: Add fix to build problem located by Randy Dunlap based on
  diagnosis by Steven Rostedt. ]

Several new rcutorture module parameters have been added, but are not
printed to the console at the beginning and end of tests, which makes
it difficult to reproduce a prior test.  This commit therefore adds
these new module parameters to the list printed at the beginning and
the end of the tests.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Use DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() to simplify the rcutorture.c SRCU test code.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This commit causes rcutorture to print the errno if cpu_down() fails
when the rcutorture "verbose" module parameter is specified.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

When you do something like "t = kthread_run(...)", it is possible that
the kthread will start running before the assignment to "t" happens.
If the child kthread expects to find a pointer to its task_struct in "t",
it will then be fatally disappointed.  This commit therefore switches
such cases to kthread_create() followed by wake_up_process(), guaranteeing
that the assignment happens before the child kthread starts running.
Reported-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Drop a few characters by switching kernel/rcutorture.c from
"printk(KERN_ALERT" to "pr_alert(".
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Many rcutorture runs include CPU-hotplug operations in their stress
testing.  This commit accumulates statistics on the durations of these
operations in deference to the recent concern about the overhead and
latency of these operations.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

A number of new features have been added to rcutorture over the years, but
the defaults have not been updated to include them.  This commit therefore
turns on a couple of them that have proven helpful and trustworthy, namely
periodic progress reports and testing of NO_HZ.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Although the C language allows you to break strings across lines, doing
this makes it hard for people to find the Linux kernel code corresponding
to a given console message.  This commit therefore fixes broken strings
throughout RCU's source code.
Suggested-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Suggested-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The Linux kernel coding style says that single-statement blocks should
omit curly braces unless the other leg of the "if" statement has
multiple statements, in which case the curly braces should be included.
This commit fixes RCU's violations of this rule.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

The current rcutorture rcu_barrier() testing never intentionally runs
more than one instance of rcu_barrier() at a given time.  This fails
to test the the shiny new concurrency features of rcu_barrier().  This
commit therefore modifies the rcutorture fakewriter kthread to randomly
invoke rcu_barrier() rather than the usual synchronize_rcu().
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The rcu_torture_barrier() function has a copy-and-paste typo in the
string passed to rcutorture_shutdown_absorb(), which this commit fixes.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

The child threads in the rcu_torture_barrier_cbs() are improperly
synchronized, which can cause the rcu_barrier() tests to hang.  The
failure mode is as follows:

1.	CPU 0 running in rcu_torture_barrier() sets barrier_cbs_count
    	to n_barrier_cbs.

2.	CPU 1 running in rcu_torture_barrier_cbs() wakes up, posts
    	its RCU callback, and atomically decrements barrier_cbs_count.
    	Because barrier_cbs_count is not zero, it does not do the wake_up().

3.	CPU 2 running in rcu_torture_barrier_cbs() wakes up, but
    	finds that barrier_cbs_count is not equal to n_barrier_cbs,
    	and so returns to sleep.

4.	The value of barrier_cbs_count therefore never reaches zero,
    	which causes the test to hang.

This commit therefore uses a phase variable to coordinate the test,
preventing this scenario from occurring.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

SRCU now has a call_srcu() and an srcu_barrier(), but rcutorture does not
test them.  This commit adds the machinery to allow rcutorture's existing
tests for call_rcu() and rcu_barrier() to apply to the SRCU equivalents.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Move the raw SRCU interfaces out of the middle of the normal SRCU
interfaces.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Add srcu_torture_deferred_free() for srcu_ops so as to test the new
call_srcu().  Rename the original srcu_ops to srcu_sync_ops.
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The current implementation of synchronize_srcu_expedited() can cause
severe OS jitter due to its use of synchronize_sched(), which in turn
invokes try_stop_cpus(), which causes each CPU to be sent an IPI.
This can result in severe performance degradation for real-time workloads
and especially for short-interation-length HPC workloads.  Furthermore,
because only one instance of try_stop_cpus() can be making forward progress
at a given time, only one instance of synchronize_srcu_expedited() can
make forward progress at a time, even if they are all operating on
distinct srcu_struct structures.

This commit, inspired by an earlier implementation by Peter Zijlstra
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/31/211) and by further offline discussions,
takes a strictly algorithmic bits-in-memory approach.  This has the
disadvantage of requiring one explicit memory-barrier instruction in
each of srcu_read_lock() and srcu_read_unlock(), but on the other hand
completely dispenses with OS jitter and furthermore allows SRCU to be
used freely by CPUs that RCU believes to be idle or offline.

The update-side implementation handles the single read-side memory
barrier by rechecking the per-CPU counters after summing them and
by running through the update-side state machine twice.

This implementation has passed moderate rcutorture testing on both
x86 and Power.  Also updated to use this_cpu_ptr() instead of per_cpu_ptr(),
as suggested by Peter Zijlstra.
Reported-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reviewed-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>

Although rcutorture does invoke rcu_barrier() and friends, it cannot
really be called a torture test given that it invokes them only once
at the end of the test.  This commit therefore introduces heavy-duty
rcutorture testing for rcu_barrier(), which may be carried out
concurrently with normal rcutorture testing.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The rcutorture initialization code ignored the error returns from
rcu_torture_onoff_init() and rcu_torture_stall_init().  The rcutorture
cleanup code failed to NULL out a number of pointers.  These bugs will
normally have no effect, but this commit fixes them nevertheless.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The semantic match that finds this problem is as follows:
(http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)

// <smpl>
@@
expression e,e1;
constant c;
@@

*e = c
... when != e = e1
    when != &e
    when != true IS_ERR(e)
*PTR_ERR(e)
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: NJulia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Reported-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Fix a bonehead error introduced when adding event tracing to rcutorture.
Move the traces to follow the NULL-pointer checks.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Add module parameters to rcutorture that induce a CPU stall.
The stall_cpu parameter specifies how long to stall in seconds,
defaulting to zero, which indicates no stalling is to be undertaken.
The stall_cpu_holdoff parameter specifies how many seconds after
insmod (or boot, if rcutorture is built into the kernel) that this
stall is to start.  The default value for stall_cpu_holdoff is ten
seconds.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

When rcutorture is started automatically at boot time, it might well
also start CPU-hotplug operations at that time, which might not be
desirable.  This commit therefore adds an rcutorture parameter that
allows CPU-hotplug operations to be held off for the specified number
of seconds after the start of boot.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Make rcutorture check for CPU-hotplug failures and complain if there
were any.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

"rcu: Add rcutorture CPU-hotplug capability" adds cpu hotplug operations
to the rcutorture code but produces a false positive warning about section
mismatches:

WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x1e420c): Section mismatch in reference from the
	 function rcu_torture_onoff() to the function .cpuinit.text:cpu_up()
	 The function rcu_torture_onoff() references
	 the function __cpuinit cpu_up().
	 This is often because rcu_torture_onoff lacks a __cpuinit
	 annotation or the annotation of cpu_up is wrong.

This commit therefore adds a __cpuinit annotation so the warning goes away.
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int.  In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.

It's time to remove the int/unsigned int option.  For this version
it'll simply give a warning, but it'll break next kernel version.
This commit makes this change to rcutorture.
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This commit adds simple rcutorture tests for srcu_read_lock_raw() and
srcu_read_unlock_raw().  It does not test doing srcu_read_lock_raw()
in an exception handler and releasing it in the corresponding process
context.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The rcutorture test now can automatically exercise CPU hotplug and
collect success statistics, which can be correlated with other rcutorture
activity.  This permits rcutorture to completely exercise RCU regardless
of what sort of userspace and filesystem layout is in use.  Unfortunately,
rcutorture is happy to attempt to offline CPUs that cannot be offlined,
for example, CPU 0 in both the x86 and ARM architectures.  Although this
allows rcutorture testing to proceed normally, it confounds attempts at
error analysis due to the resulting flood of spurious CPU-hotplug errors.

Therefore, this commit uses the new cpu_is_hotpluggable() function to
avoid attempting to offline CPUs that are not hotpluggable, which in
turn avoids spurious CPU-hotplug errors.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Running CPU-hotplug operations concurrently with rcutorture has
historically been a good way to find bugs in both RCU and CPU hotplug.
This commit therefore adds an rcutorture module parameter called
"onoff_interval" that causes a randomly selected CPU-hotplug operation to
be executed at the specified interval, in seconds.  The default value of
"onoff_interval" is zero, which disables rcutorture-instigated CPU-hotplug
operations.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, if rcutorture is built into the kernel, it must be manually
started or started from an init script.  This is inconvenient for
automated KVM testing, where it is good to be able to fully control
rcutorture execution from the kernel parameters.  This patch therefore
adds a module parameter named "rcutorture_runnable" that defaults
to zero ("don't start automatically"), but which can be set to one
to cause rcutorture to start up immediately during boot.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Although it is easy to run rcutorture tests under KVM, there is currently
no nice way to run such a test for a fixed time period, collect all of
the rcutorture data, and then shut the system down cleanly.  This commit
therefore adds an rcutorture module parameter named "shutdown_secs" that
specified the run duration in seconds, after which rcutorture terminates
the test and powers the system down.  The default value for "shutdown_secs"
is zero, which disables shutdown.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Trace the rcutorture RCU accesses and dump the trace buffer when the
first failure is detected.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

One of the loops in rcu_torture_boost() fails to check kthread_should_stop(),
and thus might be slowing or even stopping completion of rcutorture tests
at rmmod time.  This commit adds the kthread_should_stop() check to the
offending loop.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>