- 07 1月, 2011 38 次提交
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Use a seqlock in the fs_struct to enable us to take an atomic copy of the complete cwd and root paths. Use this in the RCU lookup path to avoid a thread-shared spinlock in RCU lookup operations. Multi-threaded apps may now perform path lookups with scalability matching multi-process apps. Operations such as stat(2) become very scalable for multi-threaded workload. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Perform common cases of path lookups without any stores or locking in the ancestor dentry elements. This is called rcu-walk, as opposed to the current algorithm which is a refcount based walk, or ref-walk. This results in far fewer atomic operations on every path element, significantly improving path lookup performance. It also avoids cacheline bouncing on common dentries, significantly improving scalability. The overall design is like this: * LOOKUP_RCU is set in nd->flags, which distinguishes rcu-walk from ref-walk. * Take the RCU lock for the entire path walk, starting with the acquiring of the starting path (eg. root/cwd/fd-path). So now dentry refcounts are not required for dentry persistence. * synchronize_rcu is called when unregistering a filesystem, so we can access d_ops and i_ops during rcu-walk. * Similarly take the vfsmount lock for the entire path walk. So now mnt refcounts are not required for persistence. Also we are free to perform mount lookups, and to assume dentry mount points and mount roots are stable up and down the path. * Have a per-dentry seqlock to protect the dentry name, parent, and inode, so we can load this tuple atomically, and also check whether any of its members have changed. * Dentry lookups (based on parent, candidate string tuple) recheck the parent sequence after the child is found in case anything changed in the parent during the path walk. * inode is also RCU protected so we can load d_inode and use the inode for limited things. * i_mode, i_uid, i_gid can be tested for exec permissions during path walk. * i_op can be loaded. When we reach the destination dentry, we lock it, recheck lookup sequence, and increment its refcount and mountpoint refcount. RCU and vfsmount locks are dropped. This is termed "dropping rcu-walk". If the dentry refcount does not match, we can not drop rcu-walk gracefully at the current point in the lokup, so instead return -ECHILD (for want of a better errno). This signals the path walking code to re-do the entire lookup with a ref-walk. Aside from the final dentry, there are other situations that may be encounted where we cannot continue rcu-walk. In that case, we drop rcu-walk (ie. take a reference on the last good dentry) and continue with a ref-walk. Again, if we can drop rcu-walk gracefully, we return -ECHILD and do the whole lookup using ref-walk. But it is very important that we can continue with ref-walk for most cases, particularly to avoid the overhead of double lookups, and to gain the scalability advantages on common path elements (like cwd and root). The cases where rcu-walk cannot continue are: * NULL dentry (ie. any uncached path element) * parent with d_inode->i_op->permission or ACLs * dentries with d_revalidate * Following links In future patches, permission checks and d_revalidate become rcu-walk aware. It may be possible eventually to make following links rcu-walk aware. Uncached path elements will always require dropping to ref-walk mode, at the very least because i_mutex needs to be grabbed, and objects allocated. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Add branch annotations for seqlock read fastpath, and introduce __read_seqcount_begin and __read_seqcount_end functions, that can avoid the smp_rmb() if used carefully. These will be used by store-free path walking algorithm performance is critical and seqlocks are in use. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Pseudo filesystems that don't put inode on RCU list or reachable by rcu-walk dentries do not need to RCU free their inodes. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
RCU free the struct inode. This will allow: - Subsequent store-free path walking patch. The inode must be consulted for permissions when walking, so an RCU inode reference is a must. - sb_inode_list_lock to be moved inside i_lock because sb list walkers who want to take i_lock no longer need to take sb_inode_list_lock to walk the list in the first place. This will simplify and optimize locking. - Could remove some nested trylock loops in dcache code - Could potentially simplify things a bit in VM land. Do not need to take the page lock to follow page->mapping. The downsides of this is the performance cost of using RCU. In a simple creat/unlink microbenchmark, performance drops by about 10% due to inability to reuse cache-hot slab objects. As iterations increase and RCU freeing starts kicking over, this increases to about 20%. In cases where inode lifetimes are longer (ie. many inodes may be allocated during the average life span of a single inode), a lot of this cache reuse is not applicable, so the regression caused by this patch is smaller. The cache-hot regression could largely be avoided by using SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU, however this adds some complexity to list walking and store-free path walking, so I prefer to implement this at a later date, if it is shown to be a win in real situations. I haven't found a regression in any non-micro benchmark so I doubt it will be a problem. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
The tricky locking for disposing of a dentry is duplicated 3 times in the dcache (dput, pruning a dentry from the LRU, and pruning its ancestors). Consolidate them all into a single function dentry_kill. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
prune_one_dentry can avoid quite a bit of locking in the common case where ancestors have an elevated refcount. Alternatively, we could have gone the other way and made fewer trylocks in the case where d_count goes to zero, but is probably less common. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Use RCU to simplify locking in dget_parent. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
dget_locked was a shortcut to avoid the lazy lru manipulation when we already held dcache_lock (lru manipulation was relatively cheap at that point). However, how that the lru lock is an innermost one, we never hold it at any caller, so the lock cost can now be avoided. We already have well working lazy dcache LRU, so it should be fine to defer LRU manipulations to scan time. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
dcache_inode_lock can be avoided in d_delete() and d_materialise_unique() in cases where it is not required. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
It is possible to run dput without taking data structure locks up-front. In many cases where we don't kill the dentry anyway, these locks are not required. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Long lived dcache "multi-step" operations which retry on rename seq can be starved with a lot of rename activity. If they fail after the 1st pass, take the rename_lock for writing to avoid further starvation. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
dcache_lock no longer protects anything. remove it. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
The remaining usages for dcache_lock is to allow atomic, multi-step read-side operations over the directory tree by excluding modifications to the tree. Also, to walk in the leaf->root direction in the tree where we don't have a natural d_lock ordering. This could be accomplished by taking every d_lock, but this would mean a huge number of locks and actually gets very tricky. Solve this instead by using the rename seqlock for multi-step read-side operations, retry in case of a rename so we don't walk up the wrong parent. Concurrent dentry insertions are not serialised against. Concurrent deletes are tricky when walking up the directory: our parent might have been deleted when dropping locks so also need to check and retry for that. We can also use the rename lock in cases where livelock is a worry (and it is introduced in subsequent patch). Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Cover d_name with d_lock in more cases, where there may be concurrent modification to it. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Add a new lock, dcache_inode_lock, to protect the inode's i_dentry list from concurrent modification. d_alias is also protected by d_lock. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Protect d_subdirs and d_child with d_lock, except in filesystems that aren't using dcache_lock for these anyway (eg. using i_mutex). Note: if we change the locking rule in future so that ->d_child protection is provided only with ->d_parent->d_lock, it may allow us to reduce some locking. But it would be an exception to an otherwise regular locking scheme, so we'd have to see some good results. Probably not worthwhile. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Protect d_unhashed(dentry) condition with d_lock. This means keeping DCACHE_UNHASHED bit in synch with hash manipulations. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Make d_count non-atomic and protect it with d_lock. This allows us to ensure a 0 refcount dentry remains 0 without dcache_lock. It is also fairly natural when we start protecting many other dentry members with d_lock. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Add a new lock, dcache_lru_lock, to protect the dcache LRU list from concurrent modification. d_lru is also protected by d_lock, which allows LRU lists to be accessed without the lru lock, using RCU in future patches. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Add a new lock, dcache_hash_lock, to protect the dcache hash table from concurrent modification. d_hash is also protected by d_lock. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Remove dcache_lock locking from hostfs filesystem, and move it into dcache helpers. All that is required is a coherent path name. Protection from concurrent modification of the namespace after path name generation is not provided in current code, because dcache_lock is dropped before the path is used. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Change d_hash so it may be called from lock-free RCU lookups. See similar patch for d_compare for details. For in-tree filesystems, this is just a mechanical change. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Change d_compare so it may be called from lock-free RCU lookups. This does put significant restrictions on what may be done from the callback, however there don't seem to have been any problems with in-tree fses. If some strange use case pops up that _really_ cannot cope with the rcu-walk rules, we can just add new rcu-unaware callbacks, which would cause name lookup to drop out of rcu-walk mode. For in-tree filesystems, this is just a mechanical change. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
smpfs and ncpfs want to update a live dentry name in-place. Rather than have them open code the locking, provide a documented dcache API. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Use vfat's method for dealing with negative dentries to preserve case, rather than overwrite dentry name in d_revalidate, which is a bit ugly and also gets in the way of doing lock-free path walking. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Use vfat's method for dealing with negative dentries to preserve case, rather than overwrite dentry name in d_revalidate, which is a bit ugly and also gets in the way of doing lock-free path walking. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Change d_delete from a dentry deletion notification to a dentry caching advise, more like ->drop_inode. Require it to be constant and idempotent, and not take d_lock. This is how all existing filesystems use the callback anyway. This makes fine grained dentry locking of dput and dentry lru scanning much simpler. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Remove redundant (and incorrect, since dcache RCU lookup) dentry locking documentation and point to the canonical document. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Switching d_op on a live dentry is racy in general, so avoid it. In this case it is a negative dentry, which is safer, but there are still concurrent ops which may be called on d_op in that case (eg. d_revalidate). So in general a filesystem may not do this. Fix configfs so as not to do this. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Switching d_op on a live dentry is racy in general, so avoid it. In this case it is a negative dentry, which is safer, but there are still concurrent ops which may be called on d_op in that case (eg. d_revalidate). So in general a filesystem may not do this. Fix cgroupfs so as not to do this. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
percpu_counter library generates quite nasty code, so unless you need to dynamically allocate counters or take fast approximate value, a simple per cpu set of counters is much better. The percpu_counter can never be made to work as well, because it has an indirection from pointer to percpu memory, and it can't use direct this_cpu_inc interfaces because it doesn't use static PER_CPU data, so code will always be worse. In the fastpath, it is the difference between this: incl %gs:nr_dentry # nr_dentry and this: movl percpu_counter_batch(%rip), %edx # percpu_counter_batch, movl $1, %esi #, movq $nr_dentry, %rdi #, call __percpu_counter_add # (plus I clobber registers) __percpu_counter_add: pushq %rbp # movq %rsp, %rbp #, subq $32, %rsp #, movq %rbx, -24(%rbp) #, movq %r12, -16(%rbp) #, movq %r13, -8(%rbp) #, movq %rdi, %rbx # fbc, fbc #APP # 216 "/home/npiggin/usr/src/linux-2.6/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h" 1 movq %gs:kernel_stack,%rax #, pfo_ret__ # 0 "" 2 #NO_APP incl -8124(%rax) # <variable>.preempt_count movq 32(%rdi), %r12 # <variable>.counters, tcp_ptr__ #APP # 78 "lib/percpu_counter.c" 1 add %gs:this_cpu_off, %r12 # this_cpu_off, tcp_ptr__ # 0 "" 2 #NO_APP movslq (%r12),%r13 #* tcp_ptr__, tmp73 movslq %edx,%rax # batch, batch addq %rsi, %r13 # amount, count cmpq %rax, %r13 # batch, count jge .L27 #, negl %edx # tmp76 movslq %edx,%rdx # tmp76, tmp77 cmpq %rdx, %r13 # tmp77, count jg .L28 #, .L27: movq %rbx, %rdi # fbc, call _raw_spin_lock # addq %r13, 8(%rbx) # count, <variable>.count movq %rbx, %rdi # fbc, movl $0, (%r12) #,* tcp_ptr__ call _raw_spin_unlock # .L29: #APP # 216 "/home/npiggin/usr/src/linux-2.6/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h" 1 movq %gs:kernel_stack,%rax #, pfo_ret__ # 0 "" 2 #NO_APP decl -8124(%rax) # <variable>.preempt_count movq -8136(%rax), %rax #, D.14625 testb $8, %al #, D.14625 jne .L32 #, .L31: movq -24(%rbp), %rbx #, movq -16(%rbp), %r12 #, movq -8(%rbp), %r13 #, leave ret .p2align 4,,10 .p2align 3 .L28: movl %r13d, (%r12) # count,* jmp .L29 # .L32: call preempt_schedule # .p2align 4,,6 jmp .L31 # .size __percpu_counter_add, .-__percpu_counter_add .p2align 4,,15 Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
The nr_unused counters count the number of objects on an LRU, and as such they are synchronized with LRU object insertion and removal and scanning, and protected under the LRU lock. Making it per-cpu does not actually get any concurrency improvements because of this lock, and summing the counter is much slower, and incrementing/decrementing it costs more code size and is slower too. These counters should stay per-LRU, which currently means global. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
This is a nasty and error prone API. It is no longer used, remove it. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
d_validate has been broken for a long time. kmem_ptr_validate does not guarantee that a pointer can be dereferenced if it can go away at any time. Even rcu_read_lock doesn't help, because the pointer might be queued in RCU callbacks but not executed yet. So the parent cannot be checked, nor the name hashed. The dentry pointer can not be touched until it can be verified under lock. Hashing simply cannot be used. Instead, verify the parent/child relationship by traversing parent's d_child list. It's slow, but only ncpfs and the destaged smbfs care about it, at this point. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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- 05 1月, 2011 2 次提交
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
This reverts commit 3825bdb7. You cannot dget() a dentry without having a reference, or holding a lock that guarantees it remains valid. Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
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由 Linus Torvalds 提交于
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