This patch moves arm64's struct thread_info from the task stack into
task_struct. This protects thread_info from corruption in the case of
stack overflows, and makes its address harder to determine if stack
addresses are leaked, making a number of attacks more difficult. Precise
detection and handling of overflow is left for subsequent patches.

Largely, this involves changing code to store the task_struct in sp_el0,
and acquire the thread_info from the task struct. Core code now
implements current_thread_info(), and as noted in <linux/sched.h> this
relies on offsetof(task_struct, thread_info) == 0, enforced by core
code.

This change means that the 'tsk' register used in entry.S now points to
a task_struct, rather than a thread_info as it used to. To make this
clear, the TI_* field offsets are renamed to TSK_TI_*, with asm-offsets
appropriately updated to account for the structural change.

Userspace clobbers sp_el0, and we can no longer restore this from the
stack. Instead, the current task is cached in a per-cpu variable that we
can safely access from early assembly as interrupts are disabled (and we
are thus not preemptible).

Both secondary entry and idle are updated to stash the sp and task
pointer separately.
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: NLaura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

In the absence of CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK, core code maintains
thread_info::cpu, and low-level architecture code can access this to
build raw_smp_processor_id(). With CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK, core code
maintains task_struct::cpu, which for reasons of hte header soup is not
accessible to low-level arch code.

Instead, we can maintain a percpu variable containing the cpu number.

For both the old and new implementation of raw_smp_processor_id(), we
read a syreg into a GPR, add an offset, and load the result. As the
offset is now larger, it may not be folded into the load, but otherwise
the assembly shouldn't change much.
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: NLaura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

kernel/smp.c has a fancy counter that keeps track of the number of CPUs
it marked as not-present and left in cpu_park_loop(). If there are any
CPUs spinning in here, features like kexec or hibernate may release them
by overwriting this memory.

This problem also occurs on machines using spin-tables to release
secondary cores.
After commit 44dbcc93 ("arm64: Fix behavior of maxcpus=N")
we bring all known cpus into the secondary holding pen, meaning this
memory can't be re-used by kexec or hibernate.

Add a function cpus_are_stuck_in_kernel() to determine if either of these
cases have occurred.
Signed-off-by: NJames Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: cherry-picked from mainline for kexec dependency]
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

kernel/smp.c has a fancy counter that keeps track of the number of CPUs
it marked as not-present and left in cpu_park_loop(). If there are any
CPUs spinning in here, features like kexec or hibernate may release them
by overwriting this memory.

This problem also occurs on machines using spin-tables to release
secondary cores.
After commit 44dbcc93 ("arm64: Fix behavior of maxcpus=N")
we bring all known cpus into the secondary holding pen, meaning this
memory can't be re-used by kexec or hibernate.

Add a function cpus_are_stuck_in_kernel() to determine if either of these
cases have occurred.
Signed-off-by: NJames Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

During the activation of a secondary CPU, we could report serious
configuration issues and hence request to crash the kernel. We do
this for CPU ASID bit check now. We will need it also for handling
mismatched exception levels for the CPUs with VHE. Hence, add a
helper to do the same for reusability.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

A secondary CPU could fail to come online due to insufficient
capabilities and could simply die or loop in the kernel.
e.g, a CPU with no support for the selected kernel PAGE_SIZE
loops in kernel with MMU turned off.
or a hotplugged CPU which doesn't have one of the advertised
system capability will die during the activation.

There is no way to synchronise the status of the failing CPU
back to the master. This patch solves the issue by adding a
field to the secondary_data which can be updated by the failing
CPU. If the secondary CPU fails even before turning the MMU on,
it updates the status in a special variable reserved in the head.txt
section to make sure that the update can be cache invalidated safely
without possible sharing of cache write back granule.

Here are the possible states :

 -1. CPU_MMU_OFF - Initial value set by the master CPU, this value
indicates that the CPU could not turn the MMU on, hence the status
could not be reliably updated in the secondary_data. Instead, the
CPU has updated the status @ __early_cpu_boot_status.

 0. CPU_BOOT_SUCCESS - CPU has booted successfully.

 1. CPU_KILL_ME - CPU has invoked cpu_ops->die, indicating the
master CPU to synchronise by issuing a cpu_ops->cpu_kill.

 2. CPU_STUCK_IN_KERNEL - CPU couldn't invoke die(), instead is
looping in the kernel. This information could be used by say,
kexec to check if it is really safe to do a kexec reboot.

 3. CPU_PANIC_KERNEL - CPU detected some serious issues which
requires kernel to crash immediately. The secondary CPU cannot
call panic() until it has initialised the GIC. This flag can
be used to instruct the master to do so.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: conflict resolution]
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: converted "status" from int to long]
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: updated update_early_cpu_boot_status to use str_l]
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

This patch moves cpu_die_early to smp.c, where it fits better.
No functional changes, except for adding the necessary checks
for CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

Adds a routine which can be used to park CPUs (spinning in kernel)
when they can't be killed.

Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

The SBBR and ACPI specifications allow ACPI based systems that do not
implement PSCI (eg systems with no EL3) to boot through the ACPI parking
protocol specification[1].

This patch implements the ACPI parking protocol CPU operations, and adds
code that eases parsing the parking protocol data structures to the
ARM64 SMP initializion carried out at the same time as cpus enumeration.

To wake-up the CPUs from the parked state, this patch implements a
wakeup IPI for ARM64 (ie arch_send_wakeup_ipi_mask()) that mirrors the
ARM one, so that a specific IPI is sent for wake-up purpose in order
to distinguish it from other IPI sources.

Given the current ACPI MADT parsing API, the patch implements a glue
layer that helps passing MADT GICC data structure from SMP initialization
code to the parking protocol implementation somewhat overriding the CPU
operations interfaces. This to avoid creating a completely trasparent
DT/ACPI CPU operations layer that would require creating opaque
structure handling for CPUs data (DT represents CPU through DT nodes, ACPI
through static MADT table entries), which seems overkill given that ACPI
on ARM64 mandates only two booting protocols (PSCI and parking protocol),
so there is no need for further protocol additions.

Based on the original work by Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>

[1] https://acpica.org/sites/acpica/files/MP%20Startup%20for%20ARM%20platforms.docxSigned-off-by: NLorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
Tested-by: NLoc Ho <lho@apm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Stone <ahs3@redhat.com>
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: Added WARN_ONCE(!acpi_parking_protocol_valid() on the IPI]
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

Nobody seems to be producing !SMP systems anymore, so this is just
becoming a source of kernel bugs, particularly if people want to use
coherent DMA with non-shared pages.

This patch forces CONFIG_SMP=y for arm64, removing a modest amount of
code in the process.
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

The code that initializes cpus on arm64 is currently split in two
different code paths that carry out DT and ACPI cpus initialization.

Most of the code executing SMP initialization is common and should
be merged to reduce discrepancies between ACPI and DT initialization
and to have code initializing cpus in a single common place in the
kernel.

This patch refactors arm64 SMP cpus initialization code to merge
ACPI and DT boot paths in a common file and to create sanity
checks that can be reused by both boot methods.

Current code assumes PSCI is the only available boot method
when arm64 boots with ACPI; this can be easily extended if/when
the ACPI parking protocol is merged into the kernel.
Signed-off-by: NSudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
Acked-by: NHanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: NHanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> [DT]
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

MADT contains the information for MPIDR which is essential for
SMP initialization, parse the GIC cpu interface structures to
get the MPIDR value and map it to cpu_logical_map(), and add
enabled cpu with valid MPIDR into cpu_possible_map.

ACPI 5.1 only has two explicit methods to boot up SMP, PSCI and
Parking protocol, but the Parking protocol is only specified for
ARMv7 now, so make PSCI as the only way for the SMP boot protocol
before some updates for the ACPI spec or the Parking protocol spec.

Parking protocol patches for SMP boot will be sent to upstream when
the new version of Parking protocol is ready.

CC: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com>
CC: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
CC: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
CC: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Tested-by: NSuravee Suthikulpanit <Suravee.Suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Tested-by: NYijing Wang <wangyijing@huawei.com>
Tested-by: NMark Langsdorf <mlangsdo@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NJon Masters <jcm@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NTimur Tabi <timur@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: NRobert Richter <rrichter@cavium.com>
Acked-by: NRobert Richter <rrichter@cavium.com>
Acked-by: NOlof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Reviewed-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NHanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NTomasz Nowicki <tomasz.nowicki@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

ARM64 irq work self-IPI support depends on __smp_cross_call to point to
some relevant IRQ controller operations. This information should be
available after the call to init_IRQ().

Lets implement arch_irq_work_has_interrupt() accordingly.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>

This patch adds the basic infrastructure necessary to support
CPU_HOTPLUG on arm64, based on the arm implementation. Actual hotplug
support will depend on an implementation's cpu_operations (e.g. PSCI).
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

The arm64 kernel has an internal holding pen, which is necessary for
some systems where we can't bring CPUs online individually and must hold
multiple CPUs in a safe area until the kernel is able to handle them.
The current SMP infrastructure for arm64 is closely coupled to this
holding pen, and alternative boot methods must launch CPUs into the pen,
where they sit before they are launched into the kernel proper.

With PSCI (and possibly other future boot methods), we can bring CPUs
online individually, and need not perform the secondary_holding_pen
dance. Instead, this patch factors the holding pen management code out
to the spin-table boot method code, as it is the only boot method
requiring the pen.

A new entry point for secondaries, secondary_entry is added for other
boot methods to use, which bypasses the holding pen and its associated
overhead when bringing CPUs online. The smp.pen.text section is also
removed, as the pen can live in head.text without problem.

The cpu_operations structure is extended with two new functions,
cpu_boot and cpu_postboot, for bringing a cpu into the kernel and
performing any post-boot cleanup required by a bootmethod (e.g.
resetting the secondary_holding_pen_release to INVALID_HWID).
Documentation is added for cpu_operations.
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

For hotplug support, we're going to want a place to store operations
that do more than bring CPUs online, and it makes sense to group these
with our current smp_enable_ops. For cpuidle support, we'll want to
group additional functions, and we may want them even for UP kernels.

This patch renames smp_enable_ops to the more general cpu_operations,
and pulls the definitions out of smp code such that they can be used in
UP kernels. While we're at it, fix up instances of the cpu parameter to
be an unsigned int, drop the init markings and rename the *_cpu
functions to cpu_* to reduce future churn when cpu_operations is
extended.
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

Wire the PSCI implementation into the SMP secondary startup
code.
Signed-off-by: NMarc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

In order to introduce PSCI support, let the SMP code handle
multiple enabling methods. This also allow CPUs to be booted
using different methods (though this feels a bit weird...).

In the process, move the spin-table code to its own file.
Signed-off-by: NMarc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>

This patch adds SMP initialisation and spinlocks implementation for
AArch64. The spinlock support uses the new load-acquire/store-release
instructions to avoid explicit barriers. The architecture also specifies
that an event is automatically generated when clearing the exclusive
monitor state to wake up processors in WFE, so there is no need for an
explicit DSB/SEV instruction sequence. The SEVL instruction is used to
set the exclusive monitor locally as there is no conditional WFE and a
branch is more expensive.

For the SMP booting protocol, see Documentation/arm64/booting.txt.
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMarc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NTony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Acked-by: NNicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NOlof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Acked-by: NSantosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>