Add generic support for standalone metrics specified in JSON files to
perf stat. A metric is a formula that uses multiple events to compute a
higher level result (e.g. IPC).

Previously metrics were always tied to an event and automatically
enabled with that event. But now change it that we can have standalone
metrics. They are in the same JSON data structure as events, but don't
have an event name.

We also allow to organize the metrics in metric groups, which allows a
short cut to select several related metrics at once.

Add a new -M / --metrics option to perf stat that adds the metrics or
metric groups specified.

Add the core code to manage and parse the metric groups. They are
collected from the JSON data structures into a separate rblist.  When
computing shadow values look for metrics in that list.  Then they are
computed using the existing saved values infrastructure in stat-shadow.c

The actual JSON metrics are in a separate pull request.

  % perf stat -M Summary --metric-only -a sleep 1

   Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

  Instructions   CLKS          CPU_Utilization  GFLOPs   SMT_2T_Utilization   Kernel_Utilization
  317614222.0    1392930775.0  0.0              0.0      0.2                  0.1

       1.001497549 seconds time elapsed

  % perf stat -M GFLOPs flops

   Performance counter stats for 'flops':

     3,999,541,471  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_scalar_single #  1.2 GFLOPs   (66.65%)
                14  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_scalar_double                 (66.65%)
                 0  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_packed_double                 (66.67%)
                 0  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_packed_single                 (66.70%)
                 0  simd_fp_256.packed_double                         (66.70%)
                 0  simd_fp_256.packed_single                         (66.67%)
                 0  duration_time

       3.238372845 seconds time elapsed

v2: Add missing header file
v3: Move find_map to pmu.c
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170831194036.30146-7-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Print the generic metric header even when the expression evaluation
failed. Otherwise an expression that fails on the first collections due
to division by zero may suddenly reappear later without an header.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170831194036.30146-5-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The 'perf stat' shadow metric printing already supports generic metrics.
Factor out the code doing that into a separate function that can be
re-used in a later patch.

No behavior changes.

v2: Fix indentation
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170831194036.30146-4-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The stat shadow saved values rbtree is indexed by a pointer.  Fix the
comparison function:

- We cannot return a pointer delta as an int because that loses bits on
  64bit.

- Doing pointer arithmetic on the struct pointer only works if the
  objects are spaced by the multiple of the object size, which is not
  guaranteed for individual malloc'ed object

Replace it with a proper comparison.

This fixes various problems with values not being found.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170724234015.5165-4-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Implementing a new --smi-cost mode in perf stat to measure SMI cost.

During the measurement, the /sys/device/cpu/freeze_on_smi will be set.

The measurement can be done with one counter (unhalted core cycles), and
two free running MSR counters (IA32_APERF and SMI_COUNT).

In practice, the percentages of SMI core cycles should be more useful
than absolute value. So the output will be the percentage of SMI core
cycles and SMI#. metric_only will be set by default.

SMI cycles% = (aperf - unhalted core cycles) / aperf

Here is an example output.

 Performance counter stats for 'sudo echo ':

SMI cycles%          SMI#
    0.1%              1

       0.010858678 seconds time elapsed

Users who wants to get the actual value can apply additional
--no-metric-only.
Signed-off-by: NKan Liang <Kan.liang@intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Robert Elliott <elliott@hpe.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1495825538-5230-3-git-send-email-kan.liang@intel.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Add support for a new JSON event attribute to name MetricExpr for better
output in perf stat.

If the event has no MetricName it uses the normal event name instead to
describe the metric.

Before

  % perf stat -a -I 1000 -e '{unc_p_clockticks,unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles}' --metric-only
           time unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles
     1.000149775     15.7
     2.000344807     19.3
     3.000502544     16.7
     4.000640656      6.6
     5.000779955      9.9

After

  % perf stat -a -I 1000 -e '{unc_p_clockticks,unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles}' --metric-only
           time freq_max_os_cycles %
     1.000149775     15.7
     2.000344807     19.3
     3.000502544     16.7
     4.000640656      6.6
     5.000779955      9.9
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170320201711.14142-13-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Add generic infrastructure to perf stat to output ratios for
"MetricExpr" entries in the event lists. Many events are more useful as
ratios than in raw form, typically some count in relation to total
ticks.

Transfer the MetricExpr information from the alias to the evsel.

We mark the events that need to be collected for MetricExpr, and also
link the events using them with a pointer. The code is careful to always
prefer the right event in the same group to minimize multiplexing
errors. At the moment only a single relation is supported.

Then add a rblist to the stat shadow code that remembers stats based on
the cpu and context.

Then finally update and retrieve and print these values similarly to the
existing hardcoded perf metrics. We use the simple expression parser
added earlier to evaluate the expression.

Normally we just output the result without further commentary, but for
--metric-only this would lead to empty columns. So for this case use the
original event as description.

There is no attempt to automatically add the MetricExpr event, if it is
missing, however we suggest it to the user, because the user tool
doesn't have enough information to reliably construct a group that is
guaranteed to schedule. So we leave that to the user.

  % perf stat -a -I 1000 -e '{unc_p_clockticks,unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles}'
       1.000147889        800,085,181      unc_p_clockticks
       1.000147889         93,126,241      unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles  #     11.6
       2.000448381        800,218,217      unc_p_clockticks
       2.000448381        142,516,095      unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles  #     17.8
       3.000639852        800,243,057      unc_p_clockticks
       3.000639852        162,292,689      unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles  #     20.3

  % perf stat -a -I 1000 -e '{unc_p_clockticks,unc_p_freq_max_os_cycles}' --metric-only
  #    time         freq_max_os_cycles %
       1.000127077      0.9
       2.000301436      0.7
       3.000456379      0.0

v2: Change from DivideBy to MetricExpr
v3: Use expr__ prefix.  Support more than one other event.
v4: Update description
v5: Only print warning message once for multiple PMUs.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170320201711.14142-11-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Implement the TopDown formulas in 'perf stat'. The topdown basic metrics
reported by the kernel are collected, and the formulas are computed and
output as normal metrics.

See the kernel commit exporting the events for details on the used
metrics.

Committer note:

Output example:

  # perf stat --topdown -a usleep 1

   Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

             retiring     bad speculation   frontend bound   backend bound
  S0-C0    2     23.8%       11.6%            28.3%           36.3%
  S0-C1    2     16.2%       15.7%            36.5%           31.6%

         0.000579956 seconds time elapsed
  #

v2: Always print all metrics, only use thresholds for coloring.
v3: Mark retiring over threshold green, not red.
v4: Only print one decimal digit
    Fix color printing of one metric
v5: Avoid printing -0.0
v6: Remove extra frontend event lookup
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464119559-17203-2-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Currently only the task-clock event updates the runtime_nsec so it
cannot show the metric when using cpu-clock events.  However cpu clock
works basically same as task-clock, so no need to not update the runtime
IMHO.

Before:

  # perf stat -a -e cpu-clock,context-switches,page-faults,cycles sleep 0.1

    Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

         1217.759506      cpu-clock (msec)
                  93      context-switches
                  61      page-faults
          18,958,022      cycles

         0.101393794 seconds time elapsed

After:

   Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

         1220.471884      cpu-clock (msec)          #   12.013 CPUs utilized
                 118      context-switches          #    0.097 K/sec
                  59      page-faults               #    0.048 K/sec
          17,941,247      cycles                    #    0.015 GHz

         0.101594777 seconds time elapsed
Signed-off-by: NNamhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1463119263-5569-2-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The commit 140aeadc ("perf stat: Abstract stat metrics printing")
changed how shadow metrics are printed, but it missed to update the
width of the stalled backend cycles event to 7.2% like others.  This
resulted in misaligned output like below:

  Performance counter stats for 'pwd':

          0.638313      task-clock (msec)         #    0.567 CPUs utilized
                 0      context-switches          #    0.000 K/sec
                 0      cpu-migrations            #    0.000 K/sec
                54      page-faults               #    0.085 M/sec
           885,600      cycles                    #    1.387 GHz
           558,438      stalled-cycles-frontend   #   63.06% frontend cycles idle
           431,355      stalled-cycles-backend    #  48.71% backend cycles idle
           674,956      instructions              #    0.76  insn per cycle
                                                  #    0.83  stalled cycles per insn
           130,380      branches                  #  204.257 M/sec
     <not counted>      branch-misses

       0.001125426 seconds time elapsed
Signed-off-by: NNamhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Fixes: 140aeadc ("perf stat: Abstract stat metrics printing")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1463119263-5569-1-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

All over the tree.

Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-8nzhnokxyp8y4v7gf0j00oyb@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Add an extra check for frontend stalled in the metrics.  This avoids an
extra column for the --metric-only case when the CPU does not support
frontend stalled.

v2: Add separate init function
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1456858672-21594-8-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Enable metrics printing in --per-core / --per-socket mode. We need to
save the shadow metrics in a unique place. Always use the first CPU in
the aggregation. Then use the same CPU to retrieve the shadow value
later.

Example output:

  % perf stat --per-core -a ./BC1s

   Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

  S0-C0 2   2966.020381 task-clock (msec) #   2.004 CPUs utilized  (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2            49 context-switches  #   0.017 K/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2             4 cpu-migrations    #   0.001 K/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2           467 page-faults       #   0.157 K/sec
  S0-C0 2 4,599,061,773 cycles            #   1.551 GHz            (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2 9,755,886,883 instructions      #   2.12  insn per cycle (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2 1,906,272,125 branches          # 642.704 M/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C0 2    81,180,867 branch-misses     #   4.26% of all branches
  S0-C1 2   2965.995373 task-clock (msec) #   2.003 CPUs utilized  (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2            62 context-switches  #   0.021 K/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2             8 cpu-migrations    #   0.003 K/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2           281 page-faults       #   0.095 K/sec
  S0-C1 2     6,347,290 cycles            #   0.002 GHz            (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2     4,654,156 instructions      #   0.73  insn per cycle (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2       947,121 branches          #   0.319 M/sec          (100.00%)
  S0-C1 2        37,322 branch-misses     #   3.94% of all branches

         1.480409747 seconds time elapsed

v2: Rebase to older patches
v3: Document shadow cpus. Fix aggr_get_id argument. Fix -A shadows (Jiri)
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1456785386-19481-4-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Now support CSV output for metrics. With the new output callbacks this
is relatively straight forward by creating new callbacks.

This allows to easily plot metrics from CSV files.

The new line callback needs to know the number of fields to skip them
correctly

Example output before:

  % perf stat -x, true
  0.200687,,task-clock,200687,100.00
  0,,context-switches,200687,100.00
  0,,cpu-migrations,200687,100.00
  40,,page-faults,200687,100.00
  730871,,cycles,203601,100.00
  551056,,stalled-cycles-frontend,203601,100.00
  <not supported>,,stalled-cycles-backend,0,100.00
  385523,,instructions,203601,100.00
  78028,,branches,203601,100.00
  3946,,branch-misses,203601,100.00

After:

  % perf stat -x, true
  .502457,,task-clock,502457,100.00,0.485,CPUs utilized
  0,,context-switches,502457,100.00,0.000,K/sec
  0,,cpu-migrations,502457,100.00,0.000,K/sec
  45,,page-faults,502457,100.00,0.090,M/sec
  644692,,cycles,509102,100.00,1.283,GHz
  423470,,stalled-cycles-frontend,509102,100.00,65.69,frontend cycles idle
  <not supported>,,stalled-cycles-backend,0,100.00,,,,
  492701,,instructions,509102,100.00,0.76,insn per cycle
  ,,,,,0.86,stalled cycles per insn
  97767,,branches,509102,100.00,194.578,M/sec
  4788,,branch-misses,509102,100.00,4.90,of all branches

or easier readable

  $ perf stat  -x, -o x.csv true
  $ column -s, -t x.csv
  0.490635        task-clock              490635 100.00 0.489   CPUs utilized
  0               context-switches        490635 100.00 0.000   K/sec
  0               cpu-migrations          490635 100.00 0.000   K/sec
  45              page-faults             490635 100.00 0.092   M/sec
  629080          cycles                  497698 100.00 1.282   GHz
  409498          stalled-cycles-frontend 497698 100.00 65.09   frontend cycles idle
  <not supported> stalled-cycles-backend  0      100.00
  491424          instructions            497698 100.00 0.78    insn per cycle
                                                        0.83    stalled cycles per insn
  97278           branches                497698 100.00 198.270 M/sec
  4569            branch-misses           497698 100.00 4.70    of all branches

Two new fields are added: metric value and metric name.

v2: Split out function argument changes
v3: Reenable metrics for real.
v4: Fix wrong hunk from refactoring.
v5: Remove extra "noise" printing (Jiri), but add it to the not counted case.
Print empty metrics for not counted.
v6: Avoid outputting metric on empty format.
v7: Print metric at the end
v8: Remove extra run, ena fields
v9: Avoid extra new line for unsupported counters
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1456785386-19481-3-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Abstract the printing of shadow metrics. Instead of every metric calling
fprintf directly and taking care of indentation, use two call backs: one
to print metrics and another to start a new line.

This will allow adding metrics to CSV mode and also using them for other
purposes.

The computation of padding is now done in the central callback, instead
of every metric doing it manually.  This makes it easier to add new
metrics.

v2: Refactor functions, printout now does more. Move
shadow printing. Improve fallback callbacks. Don't
use void * callback data.
v3: Remove unnecessary hunk. Add typedef for new_line
v4: Remove unnecessary hunk. Don't print metrics for CSV/interval
mode yet.  Move printout change to separate patch.
v5: Fix bisect bugs. Avoid bogus frontend cycles printing.
Fix indentation in different aggregation modes.
v6: Delay newline handling
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1454173616-17710-2-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The sw clock metrics printing was missed in the earlier move to
stat-shadow of all the other metric printouts. Move it too.

v2: Fix metrics printing in this version to make bisect safe.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1446515428-7450-2-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The transaction length metrics in perf stat -T broke recently.

It would not match the metric correctly and always print K/sec.

This was caused by a incorrect update of the cycles_in_tx statistics.

Update the correct variable.

Also the check for zero division was reversed, which resulted in K/sec
being printed for no transactions. Fix this also up.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1438039491-22091-1-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Separating shadow counters code into separate object as a cleanup, but
mainly for upcomming changes, so could use it from script command
context.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1433341559-31848-10-git-send-email-jolsa@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>