A race existed where one thread could register
a death notification for a node, while another
thread was cleaning up that node and sending
out death notifications for its references,
causing simultaneous access to ref->death
because different locks were held.
Signed-off-by: NMartijn Coenen <maco@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When printing transactions there were several race conditions
that could cause a stale pointer to be deferenced. Fixed by
reading the pointer once and using it if valid (which is
safe). The transaction buffer also needed protection via proc
lock, so it is only printed if we are holding the correct lock.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use proc->outer_lock to protect the binder_ref structure.
The outer lock allows functions operating on the binder_ref
to do nested acquires of node and inner locks as necessary
to attach refs to nodes atomically.

Binder refs must never be accesssed without holding the
outer lock.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use the inner lock to protect thread accounting fields in
proc structure: max_threads, requested_threads,
requested_threads_started and ready_threads.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

This makes future changes to priority inheritance
easier, since we want to be able to look at a thread's
transaction stack when selecting a thread to inherit
priority for.

It also allows us to take just a single lock in a
few paths, where we used to take two in succession.
Signed-off-by: NMartijn Coenen <maco@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

proc->threads will need to be accessed with higher
locks of other processes held so use proc->inner_lock
to protect it. proc->tmp_ref now needs to be protected
by proc->inner_lock.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When locks for binder_ref handling are added, proc->nodes
will need to be modified while holding the outer lock
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

node->node_lock is used to protect elements of node. No
need to acquire for fields that are invariant: debug_id,
ptr, cookie.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The todo lists in the proc, thread, and node structures
are accessed by other procs/threads to place work
items on the queue.

The todo lists are protected by the new proc->inner_lock.
No locks should ever be nested under these locks. As the
name suggests, an outer lock will be introduced in
a later patch.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

For correct behavior we need to hold the inner lock when
dequeuing and processing node work in binder_thread_read.
We now hold the inner lock when we enter the switch statement
and release it after processing anything that might be
affected by other threads.

We also need to hold the inner lock to protect the node
weak/strong ref tracking fields as long as node->proc
is non-NULL (if it is NULL then we are guaranteed that
we don't have any node work queued).

This means that other functions that manipulate these fields
must hold the inner lock. Refactored these functions to use
the inner lock.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

There are 3 main spinlocks which must be acquired in this
order:
1) proc->outer_lock : protects most fields of binder_proc,
	binder_thread, and binder_ref structures. binder_proc_lock()
	and binder_proc_unlock() are used to acq/rel.
2) node->lock : protects most fields of binder_node.
	binder_node_lock() and binder_node_unlock() are
	used to acq/rel
3) proc->inner_lock : protects the thread and node lists
	(proc->threads, proc->nodes) and all todo lists associated
	with the binder_proc (proc->todo, thread->todo,
	proc->delivered_death and node->async_todo).
	binder_inner_proc_lock() and binder_inner_proc_unlock()
	are used to acq/rel

Any lock under procA must never be nested under any lock at the same
level or below on procB.

Functions that require a lock held on entry indicate which lock
in the suffix of the function name:

foo_olocked() : requires node->outer_lock
foo_nlocked() : requires node->lock
foo_ilocked() : requires proc->inner_lock
foo_iolocked(): requires proc->outer_lock and proc->inner_lock
foo_nilocked(): requires node->lock and proc->inner_lock
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When obtaining a node via binder_get_node(),
binder_get_node_from_ref() or binder_new_node(),
increment node->tmp_refs to take a
temporary reference on the node to ensure the node
persists while being used.  binder_put_node() must
be called to remove the temporary reference.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Once locks are added, binder_ref's will only be accessed
safely with the proc lock held. Refactor the inc/dec paths
to make them atomic with the binder_get_ref* paths and
node inc/dec. For example, instead of:

  ref = binder_get_ref(proc, handle, strong);
  ...
  binder_dec_ref(ref, strong);

we now have:

  ret = binder_dec_ref_for_handle(proc, handle, strong, &rdata);

Since the actual ref is no longer exposed to callers, a
new struct binder_ref_data is introduced which can be used
to return a copy of ref state.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

binder_thread and binder_proc may be accessed by other
threads when processing transaction. Therefore they
must be prevented from being freed while a transaction
is in progress that references them.

This is done by introducing a temporary reference
counter for threads and procs that indicates that the
object is in use and must not be freed. binder_thread_dec_tmpref()
and binder_proc_dec_tmpref() are used to decrement
the temporary reference.

It is safe to free a binder_thread if there
is no reference and it has been released
(indicated by thread->is_dead).

It is safe to free a binder_proc if it has no
remaining threads and no reference.

A spinlock is added to the binder_transaction
to safely access and set references for t->from
and for debug code to safely access t->to_thread
and t->to_proc.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When initiating a transaction, the target_node must
have a strong ref on it. Then we take a second
strong ref to make sure the node survives until the
transaction is complete.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Since errors are tracked in the return_error/return_error2
fields of the binder_thread object and BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETEs
can be tracked either in those fields or via the thread todo
work list, it is possible for errors to be reported ahead
of the associated txn complete.

Use the thread todo work list for errors to guarantee
order. Also changed binder_send_failed_reply to pop
the transaction even if it failed to send a reply.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

binder_pop_transaction needs to be split into 2 pieces to
to allow the proc lock to be held on entry to dequeue the
transaction stack, but no lock when kfree'ing the transaction.

Split into binder_pop_transaction_locked and binder_free_transaction
(the actual locks are still to be added).
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The log->next index for the transaction log was
not protected when incremented. This led to a
case where log->next++ resulted in an index
larger than ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry) and eventually
a bad access to memory.

Fixed by making the log index an atomic64 and
converting to an array by using "% ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry)"

Also added "complete" field to the log entry which is
written last to tell the print code whether the
entry is complete
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Adds protection against malicious user code freeing
the same buffer at the same time which could cause
a crash. Cannot happen under normal use.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

node is always non-NULL in binder_get_ref_for_node so the
conditional and else clause are not needed
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The looper member of struct binder_thread is a bitmask
of control bits. All of the existing bits are modified
by the affected thread except for BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_NEED_RETURN
which can be modified in binder_deferred_flush() by
another thread.

To avoid adding a spinlock around all read-mod-writes to
modify a bit, the BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_NEED_RETURN flag
is replaced by a separate field in struct binder_thread.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Currently, the transaction complete work item is queued
after the transaction. This means that it is possible
for the transaction to be handled and a reply to be
enqueued in the current thread before the transaction
complete is enqueued, which violates the protocol
with userspace who may not expect the transaction
complete. Fixed by always enqueing the transaction
complete first.

Also, once the transaction is enqueued, it is unsafe
to access since it might be freed. Currently,
t->flags is accessed to determine whether a sync
wake is needed. Changed to access tr->flags
instead.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

In binder_thread_read, the BINDER_WORK_NODE command is used
to communicate the references on the node to userspace. It
can take a couple of iterations in the loop to construct
the list of commands for user space. When locking is added,
the lock would need to be release on each iteration which
means the state could change. The work item is not dequeued
during this process which prevents a simpler queue management
that can just dequeue up front and handle the work item.

Fixed by changing the BINDER_WORK_NODE algorithm in
binder_thread_read to determine which commands to send
to userspace atomically in 1 pass so it stays consistent
with the kernel view.

The work item is now dequeued immediately since only
1 pass is needed.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Add additional information to determine the cause of binder
failures. Adds the following to failed transaction log and
kernel messages:
	return_error : value returned for transaction
	return_error_param : errno returned by binder allocator
	return_error_line : line number where error detected

Also, return BR_DEAD_REPLY if an allocation error indicates
a dead proc (-ESRCH)
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use an atomic for binder_last_id to avoid locking it
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use atomics for stats to avoid needing to lock for
increments/decrements
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Add binder_dead_nodes_lock, binder_procs_lock, and
binder_context_mgr_node_lock to protect the associated global lists
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

With the global lock, there was a mechanism to access
binder driver debugging information with the global
lock disabled to debug deadlocks or other issues.
This mechanism is rarely (if ever) used anymore
and wasn't needed during the development of
fine-grained locking in the binder driver.
Removing it.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Move the binder allocator functionality to its own file

Continuation of splitting the binder allocator from the binder
driver. Split binder_alloc functions from normal binder functions.

Add kernel doc comments to functions declared extern in
binder_alloc.h
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Continuation of splitting the binder allocator from the binder
driver. Separate binder_alloc functions from normal binder
functions. Protect the allocator with a separate mutex.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The buffer's transaction has already been freed before
binder_deferred_release. No need to do it again.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The binder allocator is logically separate from the rest
of the binder drivers. Separating the data structures
to prepare for splitting into separate file with separate
locking.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use wake_up_interruptible_sync() to hint to the scheduler binder
transactions are synchronous wakeups. Disable preemption while waking
to avoid ping-ponging on the binder lock.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NOmprakash Dhyade <odhyade@codeaurora.org>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.4+
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The binder allocator assumes that the thread that
called binder_open will never die for the lifetime of
that proc. That thread is normally the group_leader,
however it may not be. Use the group_leader instead
of current.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.4+
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

This reverts commit a906d693.

The patch introduced a race in the binder driver. An attempt to fix the
race was submitted in "[PATCH v2] android: binder: fix dangling pointer
comparison", however the conclusion in the discussion for that patch
was that the original patch should be reverted.

The reversion is being done as part of the fine-grained locking
patchset since the patch would need to be refactored when
proc->vmm_vm_mm is removed from struct binder_proc and added
in the binder allocator.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.6+
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

We are going to split <linux/sched/signal.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/signal.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

We are going to split <linux/sched/mm.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/mm.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

The APIs that are going to be moved first are:

   mm_alloc()
   __mmdrop()
   mmdrop()
   mmdrop_async_fn()
   mmdrop_async()
   mmget_not_zero()
   mmput()
   mmput_async()
   get_task_mm()
   mm_access()
   mm_release()

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

->fault(), ->page_mkwrite(), and ->pfn_mkwrite() calls do not need to
take a vma and vmf parameter when the vma already resides in vmf.

Remove the vma parameter to simplify things.

[arnd@arndb.de: fix ARM build]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170125223558.1451224-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148521301778.19116.10840599906674778980.stgit@djiang5-desk3.ch.intel.comSigned-off-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There's no users of zap_page_range() who wants non-NULL 'details'.
Let's drop it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170118122429.43661-3-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch introduces a new binder_fd_array object,
that allows us to support one or more file descriptors
embedded in a buffer that is scatter-gathered.

Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Martijn Coenen <maco@google.com>
Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Cc: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Cc: Serban Constantinescu <serban.constantinescu@arm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Cc: Rom Lemarchand <romlem@google.com>
Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Signed-off-by: NMartijn Coenen <maco@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>