Debian based systems such as Ubuntu have dash as their default shell.
Even if the normal or root user's shell is bash, certain scripts still
call /bin/sh, which points to dash, so we fix this perf test by
rewriting it in a more portable way.

BEFORE:

 $ sudo perf test -v 64
 64: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
 --- start ---
 test child forked, pid 31942
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 18: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: expected[0]=ping[][0-9 \.:]+probe_libc:inet_pton: \([[:xdigit:]]+\): not found
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 19: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: expected[1]=.*inet_pton\+0x[[:xdigit:]]+[[:space:]]\(/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.27.so|inlined\)$: not found
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 29: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: expected[2]=getaddrinfo\+0x[[:xdigit:]]+[[:space:]]\(/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.27.so\)$: not found
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 30: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: expected[3]=.*\+0x[[:xdigit:]]+[[:space:]]\(.*/bin/ping.*\)$: not found
 ping 31963 [004] 83577.670613: probe_libc:inet_pton: (7fe15f87f4b0)
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 39: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: Bad substitution
 ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: 41: ./tests/shell/record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh: Bad substitution
 test child finished with -2
 ---- end ----
 probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Skip

AFTER:

 $ sudo perf test -v 64
 64: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
 --- start ---
 test child forked, pid 32277
 ping 32295 [001] 83679.690020: probe_libc:inet_pton: (7ff244f504b0)
 7ff244f504b0 __GI___inet_pton+0x0 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.27.so)
 7ff244f14ce4 getaddrinfo+0x124 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.27.so)
 556ac036b57d _init+0xb75 (/bin/ping)
 test child finished with 0
 ---- end ----
 probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Ok
Signed-off-by: NKim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180629124643.2089b3ce59960eba34e87b27@arm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Since we do not specify bash (and/or zsh) as a requirement, use the
standard error redirection that is more widely supported.

BEFORE:

 $ sudo perf test -v 62
 62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname:
 --- start ---
 test child forked, pid 27305
 ./tests/shell/trace+probe_vfs_getname.sh: 20: ./tests/shell/trace+probe_vfs_getname.sh: Syntax error: "&" unexpected
 test child finished with -2
 ---- end ----
 Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Skip

AFTER:

 $ sudo perf test -v 62
 64: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname               :
 --- start ---
 test child forked, pid 23008
 Added new event:
   probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72 with pathname=result->name:string)

 You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

         perf record -e probe:vfs_getname -aR sleep 1

      0.361 ( 0.008 ms): touch/23032 openat(dfd: CWD, filename: /tmp/temporary_file.VEh0n, flags: CREAT|NOCTTY|NONBLOCK|WRONLY, mode: IRUGO|IWUGO) = 4
 test child finished with 0
 ---- end ----
 Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok

Similar to commit 35435cd0, with the same title.
Signed-off-by: NKim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180629124633.0a9f4bea54b8d2c28f265de2@arm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Adrian reported that this test fails in his system where:

  probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: FAILED!
  root@kbl04:~/git/linux-perf# nm -g /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.19.so | grep inet_pton
  nm: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.19.so: no symbols

This fails on ubuntu systems, with Adrian's being kubuntu 14.04, I
tested with ubuntu 14.04.4 and 18.04, and there we need to use the
-D/--dynamic 'nm' option to have this test working. And it works as well
with that on fedora 27, so use it.
Reported-by: NAdrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Sandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-zlfnbauad3ljlmtjgo0v660u@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Since the ip shown for a symbol is now always a virtual address, it
becomes difficult to correlate this with objdump output and determine
the exact instruction address. So, we always show the offset from the
start of the symbol.

This can be verified on a powerpc64le system running Fedora 27 as
follows:

  # perf probe -a sys_write
  # perf record -e probe:sys_write -g ~/test

Before applying this patch:

  # perf script

  test  9710 [013] 95614.332431: probe:sys_write: (c0000000004025b0)
          c0000000004025b0 sys_write (/lib/modules/4.17.0-rc4+/build/vmlinux)
          c00000000000b9e0 system_call (/lib/modules/4.17.0-rc4+/build/vmlinux)
              7fffb70d8234 __GI___libc_write (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7052c74 _IO_file_write@@GLIBC_2.17 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                  5afc1818 [unknown] ([unknown])
              7fffb7051a60 new_do_write (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7054638 _IO_do_write@@GLIBC_2.17 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7054bbc _IO_file_overflow@@GLIBC_2.17 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7055a24 __overflow (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7044548 _IO_puts (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                  10000440 main (/home/sandipan/test)
              7fffb6fe36a0 generic_start_main.isra.0 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb6fe3898 __libc_start_main (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                         0 [unknown] ([unknown])
  ...

After applying this patch:

  # perf script

  test  9710 [013] 95614.332431: probe:sys_write: (c0000000004025b0)
          c0000000004025b0 sys_write+0x10 (/lib/modules/4.17.0-rc4+/build/vmlinux)
          c00000000000b9e0 system_call+0x58 (/lib/modules/4.17.0-rc4+/build/vmlinux)
              7fffb70d8234 __GI___libc_write+0x24 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7052c74 _IO_file_write@@GLIBC_2.17+0x44 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                  5afc1818 [unknown] ([unknown])
              7fffb7051a60 new_do_write+0x90 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7054638 _IO_do_write@@GLIBC_2.17+0x38 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7054bbc _IO_file_overflow@@GLIBC_2.17+0x14c (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7055a24 __overflow+0x64 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb7044548 _IO_puts+0x218 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                  10000440 main+0x20 (/home/sandipan/test)
              7fffb6fe36a0 generic_start_main.isra.0+0x140 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              7fffb6fe3898 __libc_start_main+0xb8 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
                         0 [unknown] ([unknown])
  ...
Signed-off-by: NSandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180517063326.6319-2-sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

perf test "probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping" fails on
4.17.0rc3 on s/390. It turned out that function __inet_pton is reported
as inline:

  [root@s8360047 perf]# ./perf script -i /tmp/perf.data.111
  ping 12457 [000]  1584.478959: probe_libc:inet_pton: (3ffb5a347e8)
                    1347e8 __inet_pton (inlined)
                     f19d7 gaih_inet.constprop.5 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.24.so)
                     f4c3f __GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
                      410b main (/usr/bin/ping)

Allow __inet_pton listed as inline.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180503065837.71043-1-tmricht@linux.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

perf test case 58 (record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh) executed on s390x
using kernel 4.16.0rc3 displays this result:

 # perf trace --no-syscalls -e probe_libc:inet_pton/call-graph=dwarf/ ping -6 -c 1 ::1
     probe_libc:inet_pton: (3ffa0240448)
	      __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	      gaih_inet (inlined)
	      __GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
	      main (/usr/bin/ping)
	      __libc_start_main (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	     _start (/usr/bin/ping)

After I installed kernel 4.16.0 the same tests uses commands:

 # perf record -e probe_libc:inet_pton/call-graph=dwarf/
      -o /tmp/perf.data.abc ping -6 -c 1 ::1
 # perf script -i /tmp/perf.data.abc

and displays:

 ping 39048 [006] 84230.381198: probe_libc:inet_pton: (3ffa0240448)
	       140448 __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	       fbde1 gaih_inet (inlined)
	       fe2b9 __GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
	        398d main (/usr/bin/ping)

Nothing else changed including glibc elfutils and other libraries picked
up by the build.

The entries for __libc_start_main and _start are missing.

I bisected missing __libc_start_main and _start to commit

Fixes: 3d20c624 ("perf unwind: Unwind with libdw doesn't take symfs into account")

When I undo this commit I get this call stack on s390:
 [root@s35lp76 perf]# ./perf script  -i /tmp/perf.data.abc
 ping 39048 [006] 84230.381198: probe_libc:inet_pton: (3ffa0240448)
	140448 __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	 fbde1 gaih_inet (inlined)
	 fe2b9 __GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
	  398d main (/usr/bin/ping)
	 22fbd __libc_start_main (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	  457b _start (/usr/bin/ping)

Looks like dwarf functions dwfl_xxx create different call back stack
trace when using file /usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/ping-20161105-7.fc27.s390x.debug
instead of file /usr/bin/ping.

Fix this test case on s390 and do not expect any call back stack entry
after the main() function. Also be more robust and accept a leading
__GI_ prefix in front of getaddrinfo.

On x86 this test case shows the same call stack using both kernel
versions 4.16.0rc3 and 4.16.0 and also stops at main:

  [root@f27 perf]# ./perf script -i /tmp/perf.data.tmr
  ping  4446 [000]   172.027088: probe_libc:inet_pton: (7fdfa08c93c0)
	             1393c0 __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	              fe60d getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
	               2f40 main (/usr/bin/ping)
  [root@f27 perf]#
Signed-off-by: NThomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NHendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Vuille <jpmv27@aim.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180423082428.7930-1-tmricht@linux.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

This fixes record+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh from always exiting with code
0 and making the test pass even if the perf script output does not match
the expected pattern.

The issue can be observed if this test is run with the verbose flags as
shown below:

  60: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
  ...
  ping 19602 [006] 16988.413767: probe_libc:inet_pton: (7fff9a2c42e8)
  1842e8 __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
  130db4 getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)

  FAIL: expected backtrace entry 3 ".*\(.*/bin/ping.*\)$" got ""
  test child finished with 0
  ...
  probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Ok
Signed-off-by: NSandipan Das <sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Fixes: e07d585e2454 ("perf tests: Switch trace+probe_libc_inet_pton to use record")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180312124450.30371-1-sandipan@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Because the test is no longer using perf trace but perf record instead.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180301165215.6780-2-jolsa@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

There's a problem with relying on backtrace data from 'perf trace' the
way the trace+probe_libc_inet_pton does. This test inserts uprobe within
ping binary and checks that it gets its sample using 'perf trace'.

It also checks it gets proper backtrace from sample and that's where the
issue is.

The 'perf trace' does not sort events (by definition) so it can happen
that it processes the event sample before the ping binary memory map
event. This can (very rarely) happen as proved by this events dump
output (from custom added debug output):

  ...
  7680/7680: [0x7f4e29718000(0x204000) @ 0 fd:00 33611321 4230892504]: r-xp /usr/lib64/libdl-2.17.so
  7680/7680: [0x7f4e29502000(0x216000) @ 0 fd:00 33617257 2606846872]: r-xp /usr/lib64/libz.so.1.2.7
  (IP, 0x2): 7680/7680: 0x7f4e29c2ed60 period: 1 addr: 0
  7680/7680: [0x564842ef0000(0x233000) @ 0 fd:00 83 1989280200]: r-xp /usr/bin/ping
  7680/7680: [0x7f4e2aca2000(0x224000) @ 0 fd:00 33611308 1219144940]: r-xp /usr/lib64/ld-2.17.so
  ...

In this case 'perf trace' fails to resolve the last callchain IP (within
the ping binary) because it does not know about the ping binary memory
map yet and the test fails like this:

  PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
  64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms
  --- ::1 ping statistics ---
  1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.037/0.037/0.037/0.000 ms
  0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(7f4e29c2ed60))
  __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so)
  getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so)
  [0] ([unknown])
  FAIL: expected backtrace entry 8 ".*\(.*/bin/ping.*\)$" got "[0] ([unknown])"

Switching the test to use 'perf record' and 'perf script' instead of
'perf trace'.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180301165215.6780-1-jolsa@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

In some situations the vfs_getname is being added both as requested and
with a _1 suffix (inlines?):

  probe:vfs_getname_1  (on getname_flags:63@acme/git/linux/fs/namei.c with pathname)

This ends up making the cleanup to miss that one, as it removes just
'probe:vfs_getname', which makes the second test to use this probe point
to fail, since it finds that leftover from the first test, use a
wildcard to remove both.

Before:

  # perf test 60 61 62 63
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : FAILED!
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Ok
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: FAILED!
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok

After:

  # perf test 60 61 62 63
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Ok
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  #

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-2k5kutwr4ds36adiakyb4yvy@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Using Fedora 27 and latest Linux kernel the test case
trace+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh fails again on s390.  This time is the
inlining of functions which does not match.  After an update of the
glibc (from 2.26-16 to 2.26-24) the output is different

The expected output is:

             __inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
             gaih_inet (inlined)
             ....

The actual output is:

  1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.061/0.061/0.061/0.000 ms
       0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(3ffb2140448))
             __inet_pton (inlined)
             gaih_inet.constprop.7 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
             ...

Fix this by being less strict on 'inlined' verses library name and
accept both
Signed-off-by: NThomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180214070303.55757-1-tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

On Intel test case trace+probe_libc_inet_pton.sh succeeds and the
output is:

[root@f27 perf]# ./perf trace --no-syscalls
                  -e probe_libc:inet_pton/max-stack=3/ ping -6 -c 1 ::1
PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms

 --- ::1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.037/0.037/0.037/0.000 ms
     0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(7fa40ac618a0))
              __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
              main (/usr/bin/ping)

The kernel stack unwinder is used, it is specified implicitly
as call-graph=fp (frame pointer).

On s390x only dwarf is available for stack unwinding. It is also
done in user space. This requires different parameter setup
and result checking for s390x and Intel.

This patch adds separate perf trace setup and result checking
for Intel and s390x. On s390x specify this command line to
get a call-graph and handle the different call graph result
checking:

[root@s35lp76 perf]# ./perf trace --no-syscalls
	-e probe_libc:inet_pton/call-graph=dwarf/ ping -6 -c 1 ::1
PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms

 --- ::1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.041/0.041/0.041/0.000 ms
     0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(3ffb9942060))
            __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
            gaih_inet (inlined)
            __GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
            main (/usr/bin/ping)
            __libc_start_main (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
            _start (/usr/bin/ping)
[root@s35lp76 perf]#

Before:
[root@s8360047 perf]# ./perf test -vv 58
58: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
 --- start ---
test child forked, pid 26349
PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms
 --- ::1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.079/0.079/0.079/0.000 ms
0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(3ff925c2060))
test child finished with -1
 ---- end ----
probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: FAILED!
[root@s8360047 perf]#

After:
[root@s35lp76 perf]# ./perf test -vv 57
57: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
 --- start ---
test child forked, pid 38708
PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
 --- ::1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.038/0.038/0.038/0.000 ms
0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(3ff87342060))
__GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
gaih_inet (inlined)
__GI_getaddrinfo (inlined)
main (/usr/bin/ping)
__libc_start_main (/usr/lib64/libc-2.26.so)
_start (/usr/bin/ping)
test child finished with 0
 ---- end ----
probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Ok
[root@s35lp76 perf]#

On Intel the test case runs unchanged and succeeds.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NHendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180117083831.101001-1-tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Commit f231af78 ("perf test shell: Fix check open filename arg using
'perf trace' on s390x") added an exception for s390x to use openat()
instead of open() in the test that intercepts a open syscall to look for
the filename argument as obtained by the vfs_getname 'perf probe' it
puts in place at the getname_flags kernel function.

Its not just s390x that uses openat() instead of open(), so use 'perf
list' to look for the syscall:sys_enter_open(at)? present in the system
being tested instead of checking if the system is s390x.

In fact Namhyung pointed out that glibc 2.26 changed this behaviour, as
described in https://lwn.net/Articles/738694/, so systems where glibc is
>= 2.26 will need this patch for this test to work, which already took
place in some distros for architectures such as s390x, while Fedora 26
x86_64 is at glibc 2.25, i.e. still uses open().
Signed-off-by: NMichael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NThomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ab23fe42-1080-a46b-503e-744e097f414f@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
LPU-Reference: 1275675985.12835754.1513095723265.JavaMail.zimbra@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-j2wbz9av1rw3thr3t0g4dtuk@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The 'perf test' case "probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping"
fails on s390x. The reason is the 'realpath /lib64/ld*.so.* | uniq' line
which returns 2 libraries:

        root@s35lp76 shell]# realpath /lib64/ld*.so.* | uniq
        /usr/lib64/ld-2.26.so
        /usr/lib64/ld_pre_smc.so.1.0.1
        [root@s35lp76 shell]

This output makes the "perf probe" command lines invalid.

Use ldd tool to find out the libraries required by "bash" and check if
symbol "inet_pton" is part of the "libc" library.  Some distros do not
have a /lib64 directory.

I have also added a check for the existence of an IPv6 network interface
before it is being used.

Committer changes:

We can't really use ldd for libc, as in some systems, such as x86_64, it
has hardlinks and then ldd sees one and the kernel the other, so grep
for libc in /proc/self/maps to get the one we'll receive from
PERF_RECORD_MMAP.

Thomas checked this change and acked it.
Signed-off-by: NThomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: NHendrik Brückner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NHendrik Brückner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171114133409.GN8836@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

This 'perf test' case fails on s390x. The 'touch' command on s390x uses
the 'openat' system call to open the file named on the command line:

[root@s35lp76 perf]# perf probe -l
  probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72@fs/namei.c with pathname)
[root@s35lp76 perf]# perf trace -e open touch /tmp/abc
     0.400 ( 0.015 ms): touch/27542 open(filename:
		/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive, flags: CLOEXEC) = 3
[root@s35lp76 perf]#

There is no 'open' system call for file '/tmp/abc'. Instead the 'openat'
system call is used:

[root@s35lp76 perf]# strace touch /tmp/abc
    execve("/usr/bin/touch", ["touch", "/tmp/abc"], 0x3ffd547ec98
			/* 30 vars */) = 0
    [...]
    openat(AT_FDCWD, "/tmp/abc", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_NOCTTY|O_NONBLOCK, 0666) = 3
    [...]

On s390x the 'egrep' command does not find a matching pattern and
returns an error.

Fix this for s390x create a platform dependent command line to enable
the 'perf probe' call to listen to the 'openat' system call and get the
expected output.
Signed-off-by: NThomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
LPU-Reference: 20171114071847.2381-1-tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-3qf38jk0prz54rhmhyu871my@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

The 'perf test' case "probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping"
fails on s390x. The reason is the 'realpath /lib64/ld*.so.* | uniq' line
which returns 2 libraries:

        root@s35lp76 shell]# realpath /lib64/ld*.so.* | uniq
        /usr/lib64/ld-2.26.so
        /usr/lib64/ld_pre_smc.so.1.0.1
        [root@s35lp76 shell]

This output makes the "perf probe" command lines invalid.

Use ldd tool to find out the libraries required by "bash" and check if
symbol "inet_pton" is part of the "libc" library.  Some distros do not
have a /lib64 directory.

I have also added a check for the existence of an IPv6 network interface
before it is being used.

Committer changes:

We can't really use ldd for libc, as in some systems, such as x86_64, it
has hardlinks and then ldd sees one and the kernel the other, so grep
for libc in /proc/self/maps to get the one we'll receive from
PERF_RECORD_MMAP.

Thomas checked this change and acked it.
Signed-off-by: NThomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: NHendrik Brückner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NHendrik Brückner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171114133409.GN8836@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

This 'perf test' case fails on s390x. The 'touch' command on s390x uses
the 'openat' system call to open the file named on the command line:

[root@s35lp76 perf]# perf probe -l
  probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72@fs/namei.c with pathname)
[root@s35lp76 perf]# perf trace -e open touch /tmp/abc
     0.400 ( 0.015 ms): touch/27542 open(filename:
		/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive, flags: CLOEXEC) = 3
[root@s35lp76 perf]#

There is no 'open' system call for file '/tmp/abc'. Instead the 'openat'
system call is used:

[root@s35lp76 perf]# strace touch /tmp/abc
    execve("/usr/bin/touch", ["touch", "/tmp/abc"], 0x3ffd547ec98
			/* 30 vars */) = 0
    [...]
    openat(AT_FDCWD, "/tmp/abc", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_NOCTTY|O_NONBLOCK, 0666) = 3
    [...]

On s390x the 'egrep' command does not find a matching pattern and
returns an error.

Fix this for s390x create a platform dependent command line to enable
the 'perf probe' call to listen to the 'openat' system call and get the
expected output.
Signed-off-by: NThomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas-Mich Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
LPU-Reference: 20171114071847.2381-1-tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-3qf38jk0prz54rhmhyu871my@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

In debian/ubuntu, libc.so is located at a different place,
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so, so it outputs like this when testing:

  PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
  64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms

  --- ::1 ping statistics ---
  1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.040/0.040/0.040/0.000 ms
  0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(7f0e2db741c0))
  __GI___inet_pton (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)
  getaddrinfo (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)
  [0xffffa9d40f34ff4d] (/bin/ping)

Fix up the libc path to make sure this test works in more OSes.

Committer testing:

When this test fails one can use 'perf test -v', i.e. in verbose mode, where
it'll show the expected backtrace, so, after applying this test:

On Fedora 26:

  # perf test -v ping
  62: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
  --- start ---
  test child forked, pid 23322
  PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
  64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
  --- ::1 ping statistics ---
  1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.058/0.058/0.000 ms
  0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(7fe344310d80))
  __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.25.so)
  getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.25.so)
  _init (/usr/bin/ping)
  test child finished with 0
  ---- end ----
  probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Ok
  #
Signed-off-by: NLi Zhijian <lizhijian@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Cc: Li Zhijian <lizhijian@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Philip Li <philip.li@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508315649-18836-1-git-send-email-lizhijian@cn.fujitsu.comSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Since we do not specify bash (and/or zsh) as a requirement, use the
standard error redirection that is more widely supported.
Signed-off-by: NKim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-ji5mhn3iilgch3eaay6csr6z@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

If that is the case, or if the required lib is not present, e.g.
elfutils-devel in Fedora systems, then just skip the tests requiring
DWARF analysis.

Before:

  # rpm -e elfutils-devel
  # perf test ping vfs_getname
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : FAILED!
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Ok
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: FAILED!
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : FAILED!
  #

After:

  # perf test vfs_getname
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Skip
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Skip
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Skip
  #

Then, reinstalling elfutils-devel, rebuilding the tool and running
again:

  # perf test vfs_getname
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  #
Reported-by: NKim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-d67tvn401fxrwr97pu5ihfb1@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Add a library function that checks if 'perf probe' is built into the
tool being tested, skipping tests that need it.

Testing it on a system after removing the library needed to build
'probe' as a perf subcommand:

  # perf test ping vfs_getname
  59: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Skip
  60: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Skip
  61: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Skip
  62: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Skip
  # perf probe
  perf: 'probe' is not a perf-command. See 'perf --help'.
  #

Now reinstalling elfutils-libelf-devel on this Fedora 26 system to
rebuild perf and then retest this:

  # perf test ping vfs_getname
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Ok
  62: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok
  63: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames   : Ok
  #
Reported-by: NKim Phillips <kim.phillips@arm.com>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-ctdck2gzsskqhjzu3ebb62zm@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-3zxjswdbs2au3ih0rino0iy1@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Installs a probe on libc's inet_pton function, that will use uprobes,
then use 'perf trace' on a ping to localhost asking for just one packet
with the a backtrace 3 levels deep, check that it is what we expect.
This needs no debuginfo package, all is done using the libc ELF symtab
and the CFI info in the binaries.

Testing it:

  # perf test ping
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       : Ok

In verbose mode:

  # perf test -v ping
  61: probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping       :
  --- start ---
  test child forked, pid 1007
  PING ::1(::1) 56 data bytes
  64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
  --- ::1 ping statistics ---
  1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.058/0.058/0.000 ms
  0.000 probe_libc:inet_pton:(7f75fce12a20))
  __GI___inet_pton (/usr/lib64/libc-2.24.so)
  getaddrinfo (/usr/lib64/libc-2.24.so)
  _init (/usr/bin/ping)
  test child finished with 0
  ---- end ----
  probe libc's inet_pton & backtrace it with ping: Ok
  #

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-idrntt4nbg15aafu8hjmv7sk@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Uses the 'perf test shell' library to add probe:vfs_getname to the
system then use it with 'perf trace' using 'touch' to write to a temp
file, then checks that that was captured by the vfs_getname was used by
'perf trace', that already handles "probe:vfs_getname" if present, and
used in the "open" syscall "filename" argument beautifier.

Testing it:

  # perf test "trace + vfs_getname"
  61: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok
  #

  # perf test -v "trace + vfs_getname"
  61: Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname:
  --- start ---
  test child forked, pid 30846
  Added new event:
    probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72 with pathname=result->name:string)

  You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

  	perf record -e probe:vfs_getname -aR sleep 1

       2.237 ( 0.012 ms): touch/30855 open(filename: /tmp/temporary_file.kmoWQ, flags: CREAT|NOCTTY|NONBLOCK|WRONLY, mode: IRUGO|IWUGO) = 3
  test child finished with 0
  ---- end ----
  Check open filename arg using perf trace + vfs_getname: Ok
  #

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-j02nobfvvn9c7yrphdsnbqx0@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

This test uses the 'perf test shell' library to add probe:vfs_getname to the
system then use it with 'perf record' using 'touch' to write to a temp file,
then checks that that was captured by the vfs_getname probe in the generated
perf.data file, with the temp file name as the pathname argument.

Using it:

  # perf test "Use vfs_getname"
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames: Ok
  # perf test -v "Use vfs_getname"
  60: Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames:
  --- start ---
  test child forked, pid 16414
  Added new event:
    probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72 with pathname=result->name:string)

  You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

	perf record -e probe:vfs_getname -aR sleep 1

  Recording open file:
  [ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
  [ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.022 MB /tmp/vaca.perf.data.QZsn7 (13 samples) ]
  Looking at perf.data file for vfs_getname records for the file we touched:
             touch 16421 [002] 1255152.879561: probe:vfs_getname: (ffffffffa626e608) pathname="/tmp/vaca.l10SL"
  test child finished with 0
  ---- end ----
  Use vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames: Ok
  #

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-t555fnhbcbxnukltk23dqxur@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

Multiple tests will be able to reuse these functions, to test things
like perf report, 'trace', etc, using this probe.

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-48xagvozhouhyi8fjota6o2d@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

First perf shell test:

  # perf test vfs_getname
  60: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames: Ok
  #

In verbose mode:

  # perf test -v vfs_getname
  60: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames:
  --- start ---
  test child forked, pid 19146
  Added new event:
    probe:vfs_getname    (on getname_flags:72 with pathname=result->name:string)

  You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

	  perf record -e probe:vfs_getname -aR sleep 1

  test child finished with 0
  ---- end ----
  Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames: Ok
  #

And if the vmlinux file is not found:

  # mv ../build/v4.12.0-rc6+/vmlinux ../build/v4.12.0-rc6+/vmlinux.hidden
  # perf test vfs_getname
  60: Add vfs_getname probe to get syscall args filenames: Skip
  #

Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-8f3n22c1yn516ev30s603ow2@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>