I changed open coded zeroing loops to explicit memset()s in the
following commit:

  5e9ebbd8 ("x86/boot: Micro-optimize reset_early_page_tables()")

The base for the size argument of memset was sizeof(pud_p/pmd_p), which
are pointers - but the initialized array has pud_t/pmd_t elements.

Luckily the two types had the same size, so this did not result in any
runtime misbehavior.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Popov <alpopov@ptsecurity.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455025494-4063-1-git-send-email-kuleshovmail@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Save 25 bytes of code and make the bootup a tiny bit faster:

     text    data bss             dec             filename
  9735144 4970776 15474688        30180608        vmlinux.old
  9735119 4970776 15474688        30180583        vmlinux
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Popov <alpopov@ptsecurity.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1454140872-16926-1-git-send-email-kuleshovmail@gmail.com
[ Fixed various small details. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Currently KASAN shadow region page tables created without
respect of physical offset (phys_base). This causes kernel halt
when phys_base is not zero.

So let's initialize KASAN shadow region page tables in
kasan_early_init() using __pa_nodebug() which considers
phys_base.

This patch also separates x86_64_start_kernel() from KASAN low
level details by moving kasan_map_early_shadow(init_level4_pgt)
into kasan_early_init().

Remove the comment before clear_bss() which stopped bringing
much profit to the code readability. Otherwise describing all
the new order dependencies would be too verbose.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Popov <alpopov@ptsecurity.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.0+
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1435828178-10975-3-git-send-email-a.ryabinin@samsung.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Currently x86_64_start_kernel() has two KASAN related
function calls. The first call maps shadow to early_level4_pgt,
the second maps shadow to init_level4_pgt.

If we move clear_page(init_level4_pgt) earlier, we could hide
KASAN low level detail from generic x86_64 initialization code.
The next patch will do it.
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.0+
Cc: Alexander Popov <alpopov@ptsecurity.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1435828178-10975-2-git-send-email-a.ryabinin@samsung.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

The early_idt_handlers asm code generates an array of entry
points spaced nine bytes apart.  It's not really clear from that
code or from the places that reference it what's going on, and
the code only works in the first place because GAS never
generates two-byte JMP instructions when jumping to global
labels.

Clean up the code to generate the correct array stride (member size)
explicitly. This should be considerably more robust against
screw-ups, as GAS will warn if a .fill directive has a negative
count.  Using '. =' to advance would have been even more robust
(it would generate an actual error if it tried to move
backwards), but it would pad with nulls, confusing anyone who
tries to disassemble the code.  The new scheme should be much
clearer to future readers.

While we're at it, improve the comments and rename the array and
common code.

Binutils may start relaxing jumps to non-weak labels.  If so,
this change will fix our build, and we may need to backport this
change.

Before, on x86_64:

  0000000000000000 <early_idt_handlers>:
     0:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     2:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     4:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   9 <early_idt_handlers+0x9>
                          5: R_X86_64_PC32        early_idt_handler-0x4
  ...
    48:   66 90                   xchg   %ax,%ax
    4a:   6a 08                   pushq  $0x8
    4c:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   51 <early_idt_handlers+0x51>
                          4d: R_X86_64_PC32       early_idt_handler-0x4
  ...
   117:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
   119:   6a 1f                   pushq  $0x1f
   11b:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   120 <early_idt_handler>
                          11c: R_X86_64_PC32      early_idt_handler-0x4

After:

  0000000000000000 <early_idt_handler_array>:
     0:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     2:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     4:   e9 14 01 00 00          jmpq   11d <early_idt_handler_common>
  ...
    48:   6a 08                   pushq  $0x8
    4a:   e9 d1 00 00 00          jmpq   120 <early_idt_handler_common>
    4f:   cc                      int3
    50:   cc                      int3
  ...
   117:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
   119:   6a 1f                   pushq  $0x1f
   11b:   eb 03                   jmp    120 <early_idt_handler_common>
   11d:   cc                      int3
   11e:   cc                      int3
   11f:   cc                      int3
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Binutils <binutils@sourceware.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ac027962af343b0c599cbfcf50b945ad2ef3d7a8.1432336324.git.luto@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

The early_idt_handlers asm code generates an array of entry
points spaced nine bytes apart.  It's not really clear from that
code or from the places that reference it what's going on, and
the code only works in the first place because GAS never
generates two-byte JMP instructions when jumping to global
labels.

Clean up the code to generate the correct array stride (member size)
explicitly. This should be considerably more robust against
screw-ups, as GAS will warn if a .fill directive has a negative
count.  Using '. =' to advance would have been even more robust
(it would generate an actual error if it tried to move
backwards), but it would pad with nulls, confusing anyone who
tries to disassemble the code.  The new scheme should be much
clearer to future readers.

While we're at it, improve the comments and rename the array and
common code.

Binutils may start relaxing jumps to non-weak labels.  If so,
this change will fix our build, and we may need to backport this
change.

Before, on x86_64:

  0000000000000000 <early_idt_handlers>:
     0:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     2:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     4:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   9 <early_idt_handlers+0x9>
                          5: R_X86_64_PC32        early_idt_handler-0x4
  ...
    48:   66 90                   xchg   %ax,%ax
    4a:   6a 08                   pushq  $0x8
    4c:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   51 <early_idt_handlers+0x51>
                          4d: R_X86_64_PC32       early_idt_handler-0x4
  ...
   117:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
   119:   6a 1f                   pushq  $0x1f
   11b:   e9 00 00 00 00          jmpq   120 <early_idt_handler>
                          11c: R_X86_64_PC32      early_idt_handler-0x4

After:

  0000000000000000 <early_idt_handler_array>:
     0:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     2:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
     4:   e9 14 01 00 00          jmpq   11d <early_idt_handler_common>
  ...
    48:   6a 08                   pushq  $0x8
    4a:   e9 d1 00 00 00          jmpq   120 <early_idt_handler_common>
    4f:   cc                      int3
    50:   cc                      int3
  ...
   117:   6a 00                   pushq  $0x0
   119:   6a 1f                   pushq  $0x1f
   11b:   eb 03                   jmp    120 <early_idt_handler_common>
   11d:   cc                      int3
   11e:   cc                      int3
   11f:   cc                      int3
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Binutils <binutils@sourceware.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ac027962af343b0c599cbfcf50b945ad2ef3d7a8.1432336324.git.luto@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

earlyprintk is not initialised yet by the setup_early_printk() function
so we can remove it.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1426597205-5142-1-git-send-email-kuleshovmail@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

This patch adds arch specific code for kernel address sanitizer.

16TB of virtual addressed used for shadow memory.  It's located in range
[ffffec0000000000 - fffffc0000000000] between vmemmap and %esp fixup
stacks.

At early stage we map whole shadow region with zero page.  Latter, after
pages mapped to direct mapping address range we unmap zero pages from
corresponding shadow (see kasan_map_shadow()) and allocate and map a real
shadow memory reusing vmemmap_populate() function.

Also replace __pa with __pa_nodebug before shadow initialized.  __pa with
CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y make external function call (__phys_addr)
__phys_addr is instrumented, so __asan_load could be called before shadow
area initialized.
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Jim Davis <jim.epost@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Context switches and TLB flushes can change individual bits of CR4.
CR4 reads take several cycles, so store a shadow copy of CR4 in a
per-cpu variable.

To avoid wasting a cache line, I added the CR4 shadow to
cpu_tlbstate, which is already touched in switch_mm.  The heaviest
users of the cr4 shadow will be switch_mm and __switch_to_xtra, and
__switch_to_xtra is called shortly after switch_mm during context
switch, so the cacheline is likely to be hot.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vince@deater.net>
Cc: "hillf.zj" <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3a54dd3353fffbf84804398e00dfdc5b7c1afd7d.1414190806.git.luto@amacapital.netSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

... instead of naked numbers.

Stuff in sysrq.c used to set it to 8 which is supposed to mean above
default level so set it to DEBUG instead as we're terminating/killing all
tasks and we want to be verbose there.

Also, correct the check in x86_64_start_kernel which should be >= as
we're clearly issuing the string there for all debug levels, not only
the magical 10.
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As requested by Linus add explicit __visible to the asmlinkage users.
This marks all functions visible to assembler.

Tree sweep for arch/x86/*
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398984278-29319-3-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

This patch registers exception handlers for tracing to a trace IDT.

To implemented it in set_intr_gate(), this patch does followings.
 - Register the exception handlers to
   the trace IDT by prepending "trace_" to the handler's names.
 - Also, newly introduce trace_page_fault() to add tracepoints
   in a subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: NSeiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/52716DEC.5050204@hds.comSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Obviously these functions have to be visible, otherwise
the whole kernel could be optimized away.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1375740170-7446-5-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

In commit 78d77df7 ("x86-64, init: Do not set NX bits on non-NX
capable hardware") we added the early_pmd_flags that gets the NX bit set
when a CPU supports NX. However, the new variable was marked __initdata,
because the main _use_ of this is in an __init routine.

However, the bit setting happens from secondary_startup_64(), which is
called not only at bootup, but on every secondary CPU start.  Including
resuming from STR and at CPU hotplug time.  So the value cannot be
__initdata.
Reported-bisected-and-tested-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.9
Acked-by: NPeter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

During early init, we would incorrectly set the NX bit even if the NX
feature was not supported.  Instead, only set this bit if NX is
actually available and enabled.  We already do very early detection of
the NX bit to enable it in EFER, this simply extends this detection to
the early page table mask.
Reported-by: NFernando Luis Vázquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1367476850.5660.2.camel@nexus
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> v3.9

We have KERNEL_IMAGE_START and __START_KERNEL_map which both contain the
start of the kernel text mapping's virtual address. Remove the prior one
which has been replicated a lot less times around the tree.

No functionality change.
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1362428180-8865-3-git-send-email-bp@alien8.deSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

The code requires the use of the proper per-exception-vector stub
functions (set up as the early_idt_handlers[] array - note the 's') that
make sure to set up the error vector number.  This is true regardless of
whether CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK is set or not.

Why? The stack offset for the comparison of __KERNEL_CS won't be right
otherwise, nor will the new check (from commit 8170e6be: "x86,
64bit: Use a #PF handler to materialize early mappings on demand") for
the page fault exception vector.
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This updates ucode on BSP in 64-bit mode. Paging and virtual address are
working now.
Signed-off-by: NFenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1356075872-3054-11-git-send-email-fenghua.yu@intel.comSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

They are the same, and we could move them out from head32/64.c to setup.c.

We are using memblock, and it could handle overlapping properly, so
we don't need to reserve some at first to hold the location, and just
need to make sure we reserve them before we are using memblock to find
free mem to use.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-32-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

xloadflags bit 1 indicates that we can load the kernel and all data
structures above 4G; it is set if kernel is relocatable and 64bit.

bootloader will check if xloadflags bit 1 is set to decide if
it could load ramdisk and kernel high above 4G.

bootloader will fill value to ext_ramdisk_image/size for high 32bits
when it load ramdisk above 4G.
kernel use get_ramdisk_image/size to use ext_ramdisk_image/size to get
right positon for ramdisk.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: Gokul Caushik <caushik1@gmail.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Joe Millenbach <jmillenbach@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-26-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Add an accessor function for the command line address.
Later we will add support for holding a 64-bit address via ext_cmd_line_ptr.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-17-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Gokul Caushik <caushik1@gmail.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Joe Millenbach <jmillenbach@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

They are the same, could move them out from head32/64.c to setup.c.

We are using memblock, and it could handle overlapping properly, so
we don't need to reserve some at first to hold the location, and just
need to make sure we reserve them before we are using memblock to find
free mem to use.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-15-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgReviewed-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

We are not having max_pfn_mapped set correctly until init_memory_mapping.
So don't print its initial value for 64bit

Also need to use KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE directly for highmap cleanup.

-v2: update comments about max_pfn_mapped according to Stefano Stabellini.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-14-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgAcked-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

We only map a single 2 MiB page per #PF, even though we should be able
to do this a full gigabyte at a time with no additional memory cost.
This is a workaround for a broken AMD reference BIOS (and its
derivatives in shipping system) which maps a large chunk of memory as
WB in the MTRR system but will #MC if the processor wanders off and
tries to prefetch that memory, which can happen any time the memory is
mapped in the TLB.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-13-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
[ hpa: rewrote the patch description ]
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Linear mode (CR0.PG = 0) is mutually exclusive with 64-bit mode; all
64-bit code has to use page tables.  This makes it awkward before we
have first set up properly all-covering page tables to access objects
that are outside the static kernel range.

So far we have dealt with that simply by mapping a fixed amount of
low memory, but that fails in at least two upcoming use cases:

1. We will support load and run kernel, struct boot_params, ramdisk,
   command line, etc. above the 4 GiB mark.
2. need to access ramdisk early to get microcode to update that as
   early possible.

We could use early_iomap to access them too, but it will make code to
messy and hard to be unified with 32 bit.

Hence, set up a #PF table and use a fixed number of buffers to set up
page tables on demand.  If the buffers fill up then we simply flush
them and start over.  These buffers are all in __initdata, so it does
not increase RAM usage at runtime.

Thus, with the help of the #PF handler, we can set the final kernel
mapping from blank, and switch to init_level4_pgt later.

During the switchover in head_64.S, before #PF handler is available,
we use three pages to handle kernel crossing 1G, 512G boundaries with
sharing page by playing games with page aliasing: the same page is
mapped twice in the higher-level tables with appropriate wraparound.
The kernel region itself will be properly mapped; other mappings may
be spurious.

early_make_pgtable is using kernel high mapping address to access pages
to set page table.

-v4: Add phys_base offset to make kexec happy, and add
	init_mapping_kernel()   - Yinghai
-v5: fix compiling with xen, and add back ident level3 and level2 for xen
     also move back init_level4_pgt from BSS to DATA again.
     because we have to clear it anyway.  - Yinghai
-v6: switch to init_level4_pgt in init_mem_mapping. - Yinghai
-v7: remove not needed clear_page for init_level4_page
     it is with fill 512,8,0 already in head_64.S  - Yinghai
-v8: we need to keep that handler alive until init_mem_mapping and don't
     let early_trap_init to trash that early #PF handler.
     So split early_trap_pf_init out and move it down. - Yinghai
-v9: switchover only cover kernel space instead of 1G so could avoid
     touch possible mem holes. - Yinghai
-v11: change far jmp back to far return to initial_code, that is needed
     to fix failure that is reported by Konrad on AMD systems.  - Yinghai
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-12-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

We want to support struct boot_params (formerly known as the
zero-page, or real-mode data) above the 4 GiB mark.  We will have #PF
handler to set page table for not accessible ram early, but want to
limit it before x86_64_start_reservations to limit the code change to
native path only.

Also we will need the ramdisk info in struct boot_params to access the microcode
blob in ramdisk in x86_64_start_kernel, so copy struct boot_params early makes
it accessing ramdisk info simple.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-9-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Use the new sentinel field to detect bootloaders which fail to follow
protocol and don't initialize fields in struct boot_params that they
do not explicitly initialize to zero.

Based on an original patch and research by Yinghai Lu.
Changed by hpa to be invoked both in the decompression path and in the
kernel proper; the latter for the case where a bootloader takes over
decompression.
Originally-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1359058816-7615-26-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

This patch fixes a warning reported by the kbuild test robot where we were
casting a pointer to a physical address which represents an integer of a
different size.  Per the suggestion of Peter Anvin I am replacing it and one
other spot where I made a similar cast with an unsigned long.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121119182927.3655.7641.stgit@ahduyck-cp1.jf.intel.comSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

While debugging the __pa_symbol inline patch I found that there were a couple
spots where __pa_symbol was used as follows:
__pa_symbol(x) - __pa_symbol(y)

The compiler had reduced them to:
x - y

Since we also support a debug case where __pa_symbol is a function call it
would probably be useful to just change the two cases I found so that they are
always just treated as "x - y".  As such I am casting the values to
phys_addr_t and then doing simple subtraction so that the correct type and
value is returned.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121116215552.8521.68085.stgit@ahduyck-cp1.jf.intel.comSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Migrated ACPI wakeup code to the real-mode blob.
Code existing in .x86_trampoline  can be completely
removed. Static descriptor table in wakeup_asm.S is
courtesy of H. Peter Anvin.
Signed-off-by: NJarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1336501366-28617-7-git-send-email-jarkko.sakkinen@intel.com
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

memblock_init() initializes arrays for regions and memblock itself;
however, all these can be done with struct initializers and
memblock_init() can be removed.  This patch kills memblock_init() and
initializes memblock with struct initializer.

The only difference is that the first dummy entries don't have .nid
set to MAX_NUMNODES initially.  This doesn't cause any behavior
difference.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>

Other than sanity check and debug message, the x86 specific version of
memblock reserve/free functions are simple wrappers around the generic
versions - memblock_reserve/free().

This patch adds debug messages with caller identification to the
generic versions and replaces x86 specific ones and kills them.
arch/x86/include/asm/memblock.h and arch/x86/mm/memblock.c are empty
after this change and removed.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310462166-31469-14-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Now cleanup_highmap actually is in two steps: one is early in head64.c
and only clears above _end; a second one is in init_memory_mapping() and
tries to clean from _brk_end to _end.
It should check if those boundaries are PMD_SIZE aligned but currently
does not.
Also init_memory_mapping() is called several times for numa or memory
hotplug, so we really should not handle initial kernel mappings there.

This patch moves cleanup_highmap() down after _brk_end is settled so
we can do everything in one step.
Also we honor max_pfn_mapped in the implementation of cleanup_highmap.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NStefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.1103171739050.3382@kaball-desktop>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

head_64.S maps up to 512 MiB, but that is not necessarity true for
other entry paths, such as Xen.

Thus, co-locate the setting of max_pfn_mapped with the code to
actually set up the page tables in head_64.S.  The 32-bit code is
already so co-located.  (The Xen code already sets max_pfn_mapped
correctly for its own use case.)

-v2:

 Yinghai fixed the following bug in this patch:

 |
 | max_pfn_mapped is in .bss section, so we need to set that
 | after bss get cleared. Without that we crash on bootup.
 |
 | That is safe because Xen does not call x86_64_start_kernel().
 |
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Fixed-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <4CB6AB24.9020504@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

1.include linux/memblock.h directly. so later could reduce e820.h reference.
2 this patch is done by sed scripts mainly

-v2: use MEMBLOCK_ERROR instead of -1ULL or -1UL
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

1. replace find_e820_area with memblock_find_in_range
2. replace reserve_early with memblock_x86_reserve_range
3. replace free_early with memblock_x86_free_range.
4. NO_BOOTMEM will switch to use memblock too.
5. use _e820, _early wrap in the patch, in following patch, will
   replace them all
6. because memblock_x86_free_range support partial free, we can remove some special care
7. Need to make sure that memblock_find_in_range() is called after memblock_x86_fill()
   so adjust some calling later in setup.c::setup_arch()
   -- corruption_check and mptable_update

-v2: Move reserve_brk() early
    Before fill_memblock_area, to avoid overlap between brk and memblock_find_in_range()
    that could happen We have more then 128 RAM entry in E820 tables, and
    memblock_x86_fill() could use memblock_find_in_range() to find a new place for
    memblock.memory.region array.
    and We don't need to use extend_brk() after fill_memblock_area()
    So move reserve_brk() early before fill_memblock_area().
-v3: Move find_smp_config early
    To make sure memblock_find_in_range not find wrong place, if BIOS doesn't put mptable
    in right place.
-v4: Treat RESERVED_KERN as RAM in memblock.memory. and they are already in
    memblock.reserved already..
    use __NOT_KEEP_MEMBLOCK to make sure memblock related code could be freed later.
-v5: Generic version __memblock_find_in_range() is going from high to low, and for 32bit
    active_region for 32bit does include high pages
    need to replace the limit with memblock.default_alloc_limit, aka get_max_mapped()
-v6: Use current_limit instead
-v7: check with MEMBLOCK_ERROR instead of -1ULL or -1L
-v8: Set memblock_can_resize early to handle EFI with more RAM entries
-v9: update after kmemleak changes in mainline
Suggested-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Suggested-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Suggested-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

When CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM=y, it could use memory more effiently, or
in a more compact fashion.

Example:

 Allocated new RAMDISK: 00ec2000 - 0248ce57
 Move RAMDISK from 000000002ea04000 - 000000002ffcee56 to 00ec2000 - 0248ce56

The new RAMDISK's end is not page aligned.
Last page could be shared with other users.

When free_init_pages are called for initrd or .init, the page
could be freed and we could corrupt other data.

code segment in free_init_pages():

 |        for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 |                ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
 |                init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
 |                memset((void *)(addr & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1)),
 |                        POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
 |                free_page(addr);
 |                totalram_pages++;
 |        }

last half page could be used as one whole free page.

So page align the boundaries.

-v2: make the original initramdisk to be aligned, according to
     Johannes, otherwise we have the chance to lose one page.
     we still need to keep initrd_end not aligned, otherwise it could
     confuse decompressor.
-v3: change to WARN_ON instead, suggested by Johannes.
-v4: use PAGE_ALIGN, suggested by Johannes.
     We may fix that macro name later to PAGE_ALIGN_UP, and PAGE_ALIGN_DOWN
     Add comments about assuming ramdisk start is aligned
     in relocate_initrd(), change to re get ramdisk_image instead of save it
     to make diff smaller. Add warning for wrong range, suggested by Johannes.
-v6: remove one WARN()
     We need to align beginning in free_init_pages()
     do not copy more than ramdisk_size, noticed by Johannes
Reported-by: NStanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NStanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <1269830604-26214-3-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Jens found the following crash/regression:

[    0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [ffff8800000fdd80] fdd80
[    0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Overlapping early reservations 12-f011 MP-table mpc to 0-fff BIOS data page

and

[    0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Overlapping early reservations 12-f011 MP-table mpc to 6000-7fff TRAMPOLINE

and bisected it to b24c2a92 ("x86: Move find_smp_config()
earlier and avoid bootmem usage").

It turns out the BIOS is using the first 64k for mptable,
without reserving it.

So try to find good range for the real-mode trampoline instead of
hard coding it, in case some bios tries to use that range for sth.
Reported-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B21630A.6000308@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Platforms like Moorestown require early setup and want to avoid the
call to reserve_ebda_region. The x86_init override is too late when
the MRST detection happens in setup_arch. Move the default i386
x86_init overrides and the call to reserve_ebda_region into a separate
function which is called as the default of a switch case depending on
the hardware_subarch id in boot params. This allows us to add a case
for MRST and let MRST have its own early setup function.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

reserve_ebda_region needs to be called befor start_kernel. Moorestown
needs to override it. Make it a x86_init_ops function and initialize
it with the default reserve_ebda_region.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>