An incremental send operation can miss a truncate operation when an inode
has an increased size in the send snapshot and a prealloc extent beyond
its size.

Consider the following scenario where a necessary truncate operation is
missing in the incremental send stream:

1) In the parent snapshot an inode has a size of 1282957 bytes and it has
   no prealloc extents beyond its size;

2) In the the send snapshot it has a size of 5738496 bytes and has a new
   extent at offsets 1884160 (length of 106496 bytes) and a prealloc
   extent beyond eof at offset 6729728 (and a length of 339968 bytes);

3) When processing the prealloc extent, at offset 6729728, we end up at
   send.c:send_write_or_clone() and set the @len variable to a value of
   18446744073708560384 because @offset plus the original @len value is
   larger then the inode's size (6729728 + 339968 > 5738496). We then
   call send_extent_data(), with that @offset and @len, which in turn
   calls send_write(), and then the later calls fill_read_buf(). Because
   the offset passed to fill_read_buf() is greater then inode's i_size,
   this function returns 0 immediately, which makes send_write() and
   send_extent_data() do nothing and return immediately as well. When
   we get back to send.c:send_write_or_clone() we adjust the value
   of sctx->cur_inode_next_write_offset to @offset plus @len, which
   corresponds to 6729728 + 18446744073708560384 = 5738496, which is
   precisely the the size of the inode in the send snapshot;

4) Later when at send.c:finish_inode_if_needed() we determine that
   we don't need to issue a truncate operation because the value of
   sctx->cur_inode_next_write_offset corresponds to the inode's new
   size, 5738496 bytes. This is wrong because the last write operation
   that was issued started at offset 1884160 with a length of 106496
   bytes, so the correct value for sctx->cur_inode_next_write_offset
   should be 1990656 (1884160 + 106496), so that a truncate operation
   with a value of 5738496 bytes would have been sent to insert a
   trailing hole at the destination.

So fix the issue by making send.c:send_write_or_clone() not attempt
to send write or clone operations for extents that start beyond the
inode's size, since such attempts do nothing but waste time by
calling helper functions and allocating path structures, and send
currently has no fallocate command in order to create prealloc extents
at the destination (either beyond a file's eof or not).

The issue was found running the test btrfs/007 from fstests using a seed
value of 1524346151 for fsstress.
Reported-by: NGu, Jinxiang <gujx@cn.fujitsu.com>
Fixes: ffa7c429 ("Btrfs: send, do not issue unnecessary truncate operations")
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Remove GPL boilerplate text (long, short, one-line) and keep the rest,
ie. personal, company or original source copyright statements. Add the
SPDX header.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

According to tlv_put()'s prototype, data and attrlen needs to be
exchanged in the macro, but seems all callers are already aware of
this misorder and are therefore not affected.
Signed-off-by: NLiu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

When send finishes processing an inode representing a regular file, it
always issues a truncate operation for that file, even if its size did
not change or the last write sets the file size correctly. In the most
common cases, the issued write operations set the file to correct size
(either full or incremental sends) or the file size did not change (for
incremental sends), so the only case where a truncate operation is needed
is when a file size becomes smaller in the send snapshot when compared
to the parent snapshot.

By not issuing unnecessary truncate operations we reduce the stream size
and save time in the receiver. Currently truncating a file to the same
size triggers writeback of its last page (if it's dirty) and waits for it
to complete (only if the file size is not aligned with the filesystem's
sector size). This is being fixed by another patch and is independent of
this change (that patch's title is "Btrfs: skip writeback of last page
when truncating file to same size").

The following script was used to measure time spent by a receiver without
this change applied, with this change applied, and without this change and
with the truncate fix applied (the fix to not make it start and wait for
writeback to complete).

  $ cat test_send.sh
  #!/bin/bash

  SRC_DEV=/dev/sdc
  DST_DEV=/dev/sdd
  SRC_MNT=/mnt/sdc
  DST_MNT=/mnt/sdd

  mkfs.btrfs -f $SRC_DEV >/dev/null
  mkfs.btrfs -f $DST_DEV >/dev/null
  mount $SRC_DEV $SRC_MNT
  mount $DST_DEV $DST_MNT

  echo "Creating source filesystem"
  for ((t = 0; t < 10; t++)); do
      (
          for ((i = 1; i <= 20000; i++)); do
              xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -S 0xab 0 5000" \
                  $SRC_MNT/file_$i > /dev/null
          done
      ) &
     worker_pids[$t]=$!
  done
  wait ${worker_pids[@]}

  echo "Creating and sending snapshot"
  btrfs subvolume snapshot -r $SRC_MNT $SRC_MNT/snap1 >/dev/null
  /usr/bin/time -f "send took %e seconds"    \
         btrfs send -f $SRC_MNT/send_file $SRC_MNT/snap1
  /usr/bin/time -f "receive took %e seconds" \
         btrfs receive -f $SRC_MNT/send_file $DST_MNT

  umount $SRC_MNT
  umount $DST_MNT

The results, which are averages for 5 runs for each case, were the
following:

* Without this change

average receive time was 26.49 seconds
standard deviation of 2.53 seconds

* Without this change and with the truncate fix

average receive time was 12.51 seconds
standard deviation of 0.32 seconds

* With this change and without the truncate fix

average receive time was 10.02 seconds
standard deviation of 1.11 seconds
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

The __cold functions are placed to a special section, as they're
expected to be called rarely. This could help i-cache prefetches or help
compiler to decide which branches are more/less likely to be taken
without any other annotations needed.

Though we can't add more __exit annotations, it's still possible to add
__cold (that's also added with __exit). That way the following function
categories are tagged:

- printf wrappers, error messages
- exit helpers
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

The custom crc32 init code was introduced in
14a958e6 ("Btrfs: fix btrfs boot when compiled as built-in") to
enable using btrfs as a built-in. However, later as pointed out by
60efa5eb ("Btrfs: use late_initcall instead of module_init") this
wasn't enough and finally btrfs was switched to late_initcall which
comes after the generic crc32c implementation is initiliased. The
latter commit superseeded the former. Now that we don't have to
maintain our own code let's just remove it and switch to using the
generic implementation.

Despite touching a lot of files the patch is really simple. Here is the gist of
the changes:

1. Select LIBCRC32C rather than the low-level modules.
2. s/btrfs_crc32c/crc32c/g
3. replace hash.h with linux/crc32c.h
4. Move the btrfs namehash funcs to ctree.h and change the tree accordingly.

I've tested this with btrfs being both a module and a built-in and xfstest
doesn't complain.

Does seem to fix the longstanding problem of not automatically selectiong
the crc32c module when btrfs is used. Possibly there is a workaround in
dracut.

The modinfo confirms that now all the module dependencies are there:

before:
depends:        zstd_compress,zstd_decompress,raid6_pq,xor,zlib_deflate

after:
depends:        libcrc32c,zstd_compress,zstd_decompress,raid6_pq,xor,zlib_deflate
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ add more info to changelog from mails ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

When doing an incremental send of a filesystem with the no-holes feature
enabled, we end up issuing a write operation when using the no data mode
send flag, instead of issuing an update extent operation. Fix this by
issuing the update extent operation instead.

Trivial reproducer:

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f -O no-holes /dev/sdc
  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdd
  $ mount /dev/sdc /mnt/sdc
  $ mount /dev/sdd /mnt/sdd

  $ xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -S 0xab 0 32K" /mnt/sdc/foobar
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt/sdc /mnt/sdc/snap1

  $ xfs_io -c "fpunch 8K 8K" /mnt/sdc/foobar
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt/sdc /mnt/sdc/snap2

  $ btrfs send /mnt/sdc/snap1 | btrfs receive /mnt/sdd
  $ btrfs send --no-data -p /mnt/sdc/snap1 /mnt/sdc/snap2 \
       | btrfs receive -vv /mnt/sdd

Before this change the output of the second receive command is:

  receiving snapshot snap2 uuid=f6922049-8c22-e544-9ff9-fc6755918447...
  utimes
  write foobar, offset 8192, len 8192
  utimes foobar
  BTRFS_IOC_SET_RECEIVED_SUBVOL uuid=f6922049-8c22-e544-9ff9-...

After this change it is:

  receiving snapshot snap2 uuid=564d36a3-ebc8-7343-aec9-bf6fda278e64...
  utimes
  update_extent foobar: offset=8192, len=8192
  utimes foobar
  BTRFS_IOC_SET_RECEIVED_SUBVOL uuid=564d36a3-ebc8-7343-aec9-bf6fda278e64...
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Since tree-checker has verified leaf when reading from disk, we don't
need the existing verify_dir_item() or btrfs_is_name_len_valid() checks.
Signed-off-by: NQu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Under some circumstances, an incremental send operation can issue wrong
paths for unlink commands related to files that have multiple hard links
and some (or all) of those links were renamed between the parent and send
snapshots. Consider the following example:

Parent snapshot

 .                                                      (ino 256)
 |---- a/                                               (ino 257)
 |     |---- b/                                         (ino 259)
 |     |     |---- c/                                   (ino 260)
 |     |     |---- f2                                   (ino 261)
 |     |
 |     |---- f2l1                                       (ino 261)
 |
 |---- d/                                               (ino 262)
       |---- f1l1_2                                     (ino 258)
       |---- f2l2                                       (ino 261)
       |---- f1_2                                       (ino 258)

Send snapshot

 .                                                      (ino 256)
 |---- a/                                               (ino 257)
 |     |---- f2l1/                                      (ino 263)
 |             |---- b2/                                (ino 259)
 |                   |---- c/                           (ino 260)
 |                   |     |---- d3                     (ino 262)
 |                   |           |---- f1l1_2           (ino 258)
 |                   |           |---- f2l2_2           (ino 261)
 |                   |           |---- f1_2             (ino 258)
 |                   |
 |                   |---- f2                           (ino 261)
 |                   |---- f1l2                         (ino 258)
 |
 |---- d                                                (ino 261)

When computing the incremental send stream the following steps happen:

1) When processing inode 261, a rename operation is issued that renames
   inode 262, which currently as a path of "d", to an orphan name of
   "o262-7-0". This is done because in the send snapshot, inode 261 has
   of its hard links with a path of "d" as well.

2) Two link operations are issued that create the new hard links for
   inode 261, whose names are "d" and "f2l2_2", at paths "/" and
   "o262-7-0/" respectively.

3) Still while processing inode 261, unlink operations are issued to
   remove the old hard links of inode 261, with names "f2l1" and "f2l2",
   at paths "a/" and "d/". However path "d/" does not correspond anymore
   to the directory inode 262 but corresponds instead to a hard link of
   inode 261 (link command issued in the previous step). This makes the
   receiver fail with a ENOTDIR error when attempting the unlink
   operation.

The problem happens because before sending the unlink operation, we failed
to detect that inode 262 was one of ancestors for inode 261 in the parent
snapshot, and therefore we didn't recompute the path for inode 262 before
issuing the unlink operation for the link named "f2l2" of inode 262. The
detection failed because the function "is_ancestor()" only follows the
first hard link it finds for an inode instead of all of its hard links
(as it was originally created for being used with directories only, for
which only one hard link exists). So fix this by making "is_ancestor()"
follow all hard links of the input inode.

A test case for fstests follows soon.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

The LOGICAL_INO ioctl provides a backward mapping from extent bytenr and
offset (encoded as a single logical address) to a list of extent refs.
LOGICAL_INO complements TREE_SEARCH, which provides the forward mapping
(extent ref -> extent bytenr and offset, or logical address).  These are
useful capabilities for programs that manipulate extents and extent
references from userspace (e.g. dedup and defrag utilities).

When the extents are uncompressed (and not encrypted and not other),
check_extent_in_eb performs filtering of the extent refs to remove any
extent refs which do not contain the same extent offset as the 'logical'
parameter's extent offset.  This prevents LOGICAL_INO from returning
references to more than a single block.

To find the set of extent references to an uncompressed extent from [a, b),
userspace has to run a loop like this pseudocode:

	for (i = a; i < b; ++i)
		extent_ref_set += LOGICAL_INO(i);

At each iteration of the loop (up to 32768 iterations for a 128M extent),
data we are interested in is collected in the kernel, then deleted by
the filter in check_extent_in_eb.

When the extents are compressed (or encrypted or other), the 'logical'
parameter must be an extent bytenr (the 'a' parameter in the loop).
No filtering by extent offset is done (or possible?) so the result is
the complete set of extent refs for the entire extent.  This removes
the need for the loop, since we get all the extent refs in one call.

Add an 'ignore_offset' argument to iterate_inodes_from_logical,
[...several levels of function call graph...], and check_extent_in_eb, so
that we can disable the extent offset filtering for uncompressed extents.
This flag can be set by an improved version of the LOGICAL_INO ioctl to
get either behavior as desired.

There is no functional change in this patch.  The new flag is always
false.
Signed-off-by: NZygo Blaxell <ce3g8jdj@umail.furryterror.org>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ minor coding style fixes ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

This code was first introduced in 31db9f7c ("Btrfs: introduce
BTRFS_IOC_SEND for btrfs send/receive") and it was not functional, then
it got slightly refactored in e938c8ad ("Btrfs: code cleanups for
send/receive"), alas it was still dead. So let's remove it for good!
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

We pass in a pointer in our send arg struct, this means the struct size
doesn't match with 32bit user space and 64bit kernel space.  Fix this by
adding a compat mode and doing the appropriate conversion.
Signed-off-by: NJosef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ move structure to the beginning, next to receive 32bit compat ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

By analyzing the perf on btrfs send, we found it take large amount of
cpu time on page_cache_sync_readahead. This effort can be reduced after
switching to asynchronous one. Overall performance gain on HDD and SSD
were 9 and 15 percent if simply send a large file.
Signed-off-by: NKuanling Huang <peterh@synology.com>
Reviewed-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

btrfs_changed_cb_t represents the signature of the callback being passed
to btrfs_compare_trees. Currently there is only one such callback,
namely changed_cb in send.c. This function doesn't really uses the first
2 parameters, i.e. the roots. Since there are not other functions
implementing the btrfs_changed_cb_t let's remove the unused parameters
from the prototype and implementation.
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

iterate_dir_item:found_key - introduced in 31db9f7c ("Btrfs:
  introduce BTRFS_IOC_SEND for btrfs send/receive"), yet never used.

record_ref:num - ditto

This is a first pass with the low-hanging fruit. There are still quite a
few unsued parameters in some function which have to abide by a callback
interface.
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

ENOTSUPP should not be returned to the user program.
 (cf. include/linux/errno.h)
Therefore, EOPNOTSUPP is used instead of ENOTSUPP.
Signed-off-by: NTsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Instead of playing with the addressing limits.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NNikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

When doing an incremental send it's possible that the computed send stream
contains clone operations that will fail on the receiver if the receiver
has compression enabled and the clone operations target a sector sized
extent that starts at a zero file offset, is not compressed on the source
filesystem but ends up being compressed and inlined at the destination
filesystem.

Example scenario:

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
  $ mount -o compress /dev/sdb /mnt

  # By doing a direct IO write, the data is not compressed.
  $ xfs_io -f -d -c "pwrite -S 0xab 0 4K" /mnt/foobar
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/mysnap1

  $ xfs_io -c "reflink /mnt/foobar 0 8K 4K" /mnt/foobar
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/mysnap2

  $ btrfs send -f /tmp/1.snap /mnt/mysnap1
  $ btrfs send -f /tmp/2.snap -p /mnt/mysnap1 /mnt/mysnap2
  $ umount /mnt

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdc
  $ mount -o compress /dev/sdc /mnt
  $ btrfs receive -f /tmp/1.snap /mnt
  $ btrfs receive -f /tmp/2.snap /mnt
  ERROR: failed to clone extents to foobar
  Operation not supported

The same could be achieved by mounting the source filesystem without
compression and doing a buffered IO write instead of a direct IO one,
and mounting the destination filesystem with compression enabled.

So fix this by issuing regular write operations in the send stream
instead of clone operations when the source offset is zero and the
range has a length matching the sector size.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NLiu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NChris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

It's a simple call page_cache_sync_readahead, same arguments in the same
order.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

When doing an incremental send, while processing an extent that changed
between the parent and send snapshots and that extent was an inline extent
in the parent snapshot, it's possible to access a memory region beyond
the end of leaf if the inline extent is very small and it is the first
item in a leaf.

An example scenario is described below.

The send snapshot has the following leaf:

 leaf 33865728 items 33 free space 773 generation 46 owner 5
 fs uuid ab7090d8-dafd-4fb9-9246-723b6d2e2fb7
 chunk uuid 2d16478c-c704-4ab9-b574-68bff2281b1f
        (...)
        item 14 key (335 EXTENT_DATA 0) itemoff 3052 itemsize 53
                generation 36 type 1 (regular)
                extent data disk byte 12791808 nr 4096
                extent data offset 0 nr 4096 ram 4096
                extent compression 0 (none)
        item 15 key (335 EXTENT_DATA 8192) itemoff 2999 itemsize 53
                generation 36 type 1 (regular)
                extent data disk byte 138170368 nr 225280
                extent data offset 0 nr 225280 ram 225280
                extent compression 0 (none)
        (...)

And the parent snapshot has the following leaf:

 leaf 31272960 items 17 free space 17 generation 31 owner 5
 fs uuid ab7090d8-dafd-4fb9-9246-723b6d2e2fb7
 chunk uuid 2d16478c-c704-4ab9-b574-68bff2281b1f
        item 0 key (335 EXTENT_DATA 0) itemoff 3951 itemsize 44
                generation 31 type 0 (inline)
                inline extent data size 23 ram_bytes 613 compression 1 (zlib)
        (...)

When computing the send stream, it is detected that the extent of inode
335, at file offset 0, and at fs/btrfs/send.c:is_extent_unchanged() we
grab the leaf from the parent snapshot and access the inline extent item.
However, before jumping to the 'out' label, we access the 'offset' and
'disk_bytenr' fields of the extent item, which should not be done for
inline extents since the inlined data starts at the offset of the
'disk_bytenr' field and can be very small. For example accessing the
'offset' field of the file extent item results in the following trace:

[  599.705368] general protection fault: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[  599.706296] Modules linked in: btrfs psmouse i2c_piix4 ppdev acpi_cpufreq serio_raw parport_pc i2c_core evdev tpm_tis tpm_tis_core sg pcspkr parport tpm button su$
[  599.709340] CPU: 7 PID: 5283 Comm: btrfs Not tainted 4.10.0-rc8-btrfs-next-46+ #1
[  599.709340] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.9.1-0-gb3ef39f-prebuilt.qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
[  599.709340] task: ffff88023eedd040 task.stack: ffffc90006658000
[  599.709340] RIP: 0010:read_extent_buffer+0xdb/0xf4 [btrfs]
[  599.709340] RSP: 0018:ffffc9000665ba00 EFLAGS: 00010286
[  599.709340] RAX: db73880000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000001
[  599.709340] RDX: ffffc9000665ba60 RSI: db73880000000000 RDI: ffffc9000665ba5f
[  599.709340] RBP: ffffc9000665ba30 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffff88020dc5e098
[  599.709340] R10: 0000000000001000 R11: 0000160000000000 R12: 6db6db6db6db6db7
[  599.709340] R13: ffff880000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff88020dc5e088
[  599.709340] FS:  00007f519555a8c0(0000) GS:ffff88023f3c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[  599.709340] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[  599.709340] CR2: 00007f1411afd000 CR3: 0000000235f8e000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
[  599.709340] Call Trace:
[  599.709340]  btrfs_get_token_64+0x93/0xce [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  ? printk+0x48/0x50
[  599.709340]  btrfs_get_64+0xb/0xd [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  process_extent+0x3a1/0x1106 [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  ? btree_read_extent_buffer_pages+0x5/0xef [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  changed_cb+0xb03/0xb3d [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  ? btrfs_get_token_32+0x7a/0xcc [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  btrfs_compare_trees+0x432/0x53d [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  ? process_extent+0x1106/0x1106 [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  btrfs_ioctl_send+0x960/0xe26 [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  btrfs_ioctl+0x181b/0x1fed [btrfs]
[  599.709340]  ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x150/0x1ac
[  599.709340]  vfs_ioctl+0x21/0x38
[  599.709340]  ? vfs_ioctl+0x21/0x38
[  599.709340]  do_vfs_ioctl+0x611/0x645
[  599.709340]  ? rcu_read_unlock+0x5b/0x5d
[  599.709340]  ? __fget+0x6d/0x79
[  599.709340]  SyS_ioctl+0x57/0x7b
[  599.709340]  entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x18/0xad
[  599.709340] RIP: 0033:0x7f51945eec47
[  599.709340] RSP: 002b:00007ffc21c13e98 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
[  599.709340] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: ffffffff81096459 RCX: 00007f51945eec47
[  599.709340] RDX: 00007ffc21c13f20 RSI: 0000000040489426 RDI: 0000000000000004
[  599.709340] RBP: ffffc9000665bf98 R08: 00007f519450d700 R09: 00007f519450d700
[  599.709340] R10: 00007f519450d9d0 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000046
[  599.709340] R13: ffffc9000665bf78 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00007f5195574040
[  599.709340]  ? trace_hardirqs_off_caller+0x43/0xb1
[  599.709340] Code: 29 f0 49 39 d8 4c 0f 47 c3 49 03 81 58 01 00 00 44 89 c1 4c 01 c2 4c 29 c3 48 c1 f8 03 49 0f af c4 48 c1 e0 0c 4c 01 e8 48 01 c6 <f3> a4 31 f6 4$
[  599.709340] RIP: read_extent_buffer+0xdb/0xf4 [btrfs] RSP: ffffc9000665ba00
[  599.762057] ---[ end trace fe00d7af61b9f49e ]---

This is because the 'offset' field starts at an offset of 37 bytes
(offsetof(struct btrfs_file_extent_item, offset)), has a length of 8
bytes and therefore attemping to read it causes a 1 byte access beyond
the end of the leaf, as the first item's content in a leaf is located
at the tail of the leaf, the item size is 44 bytes and the offset of
that field plus its length (37 + 8 = 45) goes beyond the item's size
by 1 byte.

So fix this by accessing the 'offset' and 'disk_bytenr' fields after
jumping to the 'out' label if we are processing an inline extent. We
move the reading operation of the 'disk_bytenr' field too because we
have the same problem as for the 'offset' field explained above when
the inline data is less then 8 bytes. The access to the 'generation'
field is also moved but just for the sake of grouping access to all
the fields.

Fixes: e1cbfd7b ("Btrfs: send, fix file hole not being preserved due to inline extent")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>  # v4.12+
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

In some scenarios an incremental send stream can contain link commands
with an invalid target path. Such scenarios happen after moving some
directory inode A, renaming a regular file inode B into the old name of
inode A and finally creating a new hard link for inode B at directory
inode A.

Consider the following example scenario where this issue happens.

Parent snapshot:

  .                                                      (ino 256)
  |
  |--- dir1/                                             (ino 257)
  |      |--- dir2/                                      (ino 258)
  |             |--- dir3/                               (ino 259)
  |                   |--- file1                         (ino 261)
  |                   |--- dir4/                         (ino 262)
  |
  |--- dir5/                                             (ino 260)

Send snapshot:

  .                                                      (ino 256)
  |
  |--- dir1/                                             (ino 257)
         |--- dir2/                                      (ino 258)
         |      |--- dir3/                               (ino 259)
         |            |--- dir4                          (ino 261)
         |
         |--- dir6/                                      (ino 263)
                |--- dir44/                              (ino 262)
                       |--- file11                       (ino 261)
                       |--- dir55/                       (ino 260)

When attempting to apply the corresponding incremental send stream, a
link command contains an invalid target path which makes the receiver
fail. The following is the verbose output of the btrfs receive command:

  receiving snapshot mysnap2 uuid=90076fe6-5ba6-e64a-9321-9279670ed16b (...)
  utimes
  utimes dir1
  utimes dir1/dir2/dir3
  utimes
  rename dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4 -> o262-7-0
  link dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4 -> dir1/dir2/dir3/file1
  link dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4/file11 -> dir1/dir2/dir3/file1
  ERROR: link dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4/file11 -> dir1/dir2/dir3/file1 failed: Not a directory

The following steps happen during the computation of the incremental send
stream the lead to this issue:

1) When processing inode 261, we orphanize inode 262 due to a name/location
   collision with one of the new hard links for inode 261 (created in the
   second step below).

2) We create one of the 2 new hard links for inode 261, the one whose
   location is at "dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4".

3) We then attempt to create the other new hard link for inode 261, which
   has inode 262 as its parent directory. Because the path for this new
   hard link was computed before we started processing the new references
   (hard links), it reflects the old name/location of inode 262, that is,
   it does not account for the orphanization step that happened when
   we started processing the new references for inode 261, whence it is
   no longer valid, causing the receiver to fail.

So fix this issue by recomputing the full path of new references if we
ended up orphanizing other inodes which are directories.

A test case for fstests follows soon.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

Since iterate_dir_item checks name_len in its own way,
so use btrfs_is_name_len_valid not 'verify_dir_item' to make more strict
name_len check.
Signed-off-by: NSu Yue <suy.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ switched ENAMETOOLONG to EIO ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

An incremental send can contain unlink operations with an invalid target
path when we rename some directory inode A, then rename some file inode B
to the old name of inode A and directory inode A is an ancestor of inode B
in the parent snapshot (but not anymore in the send snapshot).

Consider the following example scenario where this issue happens.

Parent snapshot:

 .                                                      (ino 256)
 |
 |--- dir1/                                             (ino 257)
       |--- dir2/                                       (ino 258)
       |     |--- file1                                 (ino 259)
       |     |--- file3                                 (ino 261)
       |
       |--- dir3/                                       (ino 262)
             |--- file22                                (ino 260)
             |--- dir4/                                 (ino 263)

Send snapshot:

 .                                                      (ino 256)
 |
 |--- dir1/                                             (ino 257)
       |--- dir2/                                       (ino 258)
       |--- dir3                                        (ino 260)
       |--- file3/                                      (ino 262)
             |--- dir4/                                 (ino 263)
                   |--- file11                          (ino 269)
                   |--- file33                          (ino 261)

When attempting to apply the corresponding incremental send stream, an
unlink operation contains an invalid path which makes the receiver fail.
The following is verbose output of the btrfs receive command:

 receiving snapshot snap2 uuid=7d5450da-a573-e043-a451-ec85f4879f0f (...)
 utimes
 utimes dir1
 utimes dir1/dir2
 link dir1/dir3/dir4/file11 -> dir1/dir2/file1
 unlink dir1/dir2/file1
 utimes dir1/dir2
 truncate dir1/dir3/dir4/file11 size=0
 utimes dir1/dir3/dir4/file11
 rename dir1/dir3 -> o262-7-0
 link dir1/dir3 -> o262-7-0/file22
 unlink dir1/dir3/file22
 ERROR: unlink dir1/dir3/file22 failed. Not a directory

The following steps happen during the computation of the incremental send
stream the lead to this issue:

1) Before we start processing the new and deleted references for inode
   260, we compute the full path of the deleted reference
   ("dir1/dir3/file22") and cache it in the list of deleted references
   for our inode.

2) We then start processing the new references for inode 260, for which
   there is only one new, located at "dir1/dir3". When processing this
   new reference, we check that inode 262, which was not yet processed,
   collides with the new reference and because of that we orphanize
   inode 262 so its new full path becomes "o262-7-0".

3) After the orphanization of inode 262, we create the new reference for
   inode 260 by issuing a link command with a target path of "dir1/dir3"
   and a source path of "o262-7-0/file22".

4) We then start processing the deleted references for inode 260, for
   which there is only one with the base name of "file22", and issue
   an unlink operation containing the target path computed at step 1,
   which is wrong because that path no longer exists and should be
   replaced with "o262-7-0/file22".

So fix this issue by recomputing the full path of deleted references if
when we processed the new references for an inode we ended up orphanizing
any other inode that is an ancestor of our inode in the parent snapshot.

A test case for fstests follows soon.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
[ adjusted after prev patch removed fs_path::dir_path and dir_path_len ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Currently an incremental snapshot can generate link operations which
contain an invalid target path. Such case happens when in the send
snapshot a file was renamed, a new hard link added for it and some
other inode (with a lower number) got renamed to the former name of
that file. Example:

Parent snapshot

 .                  (ino 256)
 |
 |--- f1            (ino 257)
 |--- f2            (ino 258)
 |--- f3            (ino 259)

Send snapshot

 .                  (ino 256)
 |
 |--- f2            (ino 257)
 |--- f3            (ino 258)
 |--- f4            (ino 259)
 |--- f5            (ino 258)

The following steps happen when computing the incremental send stream:

1) When processing inode 257, inode 258 is orphanized (renamed to
   "o258-7-0"), because its current reference has the same name as the
   new reference for inode 257;

2) When processing inode 258, we iterate over all its new references,
   which have the names "f3" and "f5". The first iteration sees name
   "f5" and renames the inode from its orphan name ("o258-7-0") to
   "f5", while the second iteration sees the name "f3" and, incorrectly,
   issues a link operation with a target name matching the orphan name,
   which no longer exists. The first iteration had reset the current
   valid path of the inode to "f5", but in the second iteration we lost
   it because we found another inode, with a higher number of 259, which
   has a reference named "f3" as well, so we orphanized inode 259 and
   recomputed the current valid path of inode 258 to its old orphan
   name because inode 259 could be an ancestor of inode 258 and therefore
   the current valid path could contain the pre-orphanization name of
   inode 259. However in this case inode 259 is not an ancestor of inode
   258 so the current valid path should not be recomputed.
   This makes the receiver fail with the following error:

   ERROR: link f3 -> o258-7-0 failed: No such file or directory

So fix this by not recomputing the current valid path for an inode
whenever we find a colliding reference from some not yet processed inode
(inode number higher then the one currently being processed), unless
that other inode is an ancestor of the one we are currently processing.

A test case for fstests will follow soon.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

We use a growing buffer for xattrs larger than a page size, at some
point vmalloc is unconditionally used for larger buffers. We can still
try to avoid it using the kvmalloc helper.
Reviewed-by: NAnand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

The logic of kmalloc and vmalloc fallback is opencoded in
several places, we can now use the existing helper.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

The two members do not seem to be used since the initial commit.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

There are many code paths opencoding kvmalloc.  Let's use the helper
instead.  The main difference to kvmalloc is that those users are
usually not considering all the aspects of the memory allocator.  E.g.
allocation requests <= 32kB (with 4kB pages) are basically never failing
and invoke OOM killer to satisfy the allocation.  This sounds too
disruptive for something that has a reasonable fallback - the vmalloc.
On the other hand those requests might fallback to vmalloc even when the
memory allocator would succeed after several more reclaim/compaction
attempts previously.  There is no guarantee something like that happens
though.

This patch converts many of those places to kv[mz]alloc* helpers because
they are more conservative.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103327.2766-2-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> # Xen bits
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Andreas Dilger <andreas.dilger@intel.com> # Lustre
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> # KVM/s390
Acked-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> # nvdim
Acked-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> # btrfs
Acked-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> # Ceph
Acked-by: Tariq Toukan <tariqt@mellanox.com> # mlx4
Acked-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@mellanox.com> # mlx5
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Santosh Raspatur <santosh@chelsio.com>
Cc: Hariprasad S <hariprasad@chelsio.com>
Cc: Yishai Hadas <yishaih@mellanox.com>
Cc: Oleg Drokin <oleg.drokin@intel.com>
Cc: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Normally we don't have inline extents followed by regular extents, but
there's currently at least one harmless case where this happens. For
example, when the page size is 4Kb and compression is enabled:

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
  $ mount -o compress /dev/sdb /mnt
  $ xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -S 0xaa 0 4K" -c "fsync" /mnt/foobar
  $ xfs_io -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 8K 4K" -c "fsync" /mnt/foobar

In this case we get a compressed inline extent, representing 4Kb of
data, followed by a hole extent and then a regular data extent. The
inline extent was not expanded/converted to a regular extent exactly
because it represents 4Kb of data. This does not cause any apparent
problem (such as the issue solved by commit e1699d2d
("btrfs: add missing memset while reading compressed inline extents"))
except trigger an unexpected case in the incremental send code path
that makes us issue an operation to write a hole when it's not needed,
resulting in more writes at the receiver and wasting space at the
receiver.

So teach the incremental send code to deal with this particular case.

The issue can be currently triggered by running fstests btrfs/137 with
compression enabled (MOUNT_OPTIONS="-o compress" ./check btrfs/137).
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NLiu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>

This isn't super serious because you need CAP_ADMIN to run this code.

I added this integer overflow check last year but apparently I am
rubbish at writing integer overflow checks...  There are two issues.
First, access_ok() works on unsigned long type and not u64 so on 32 bit
systems the access_ok() could be checking a truncated size.  The other
issue is that we should be using a stricter limit so we don't overflow
the kzalloc() setting ctx->clone_roots later in the function after the
access_ok():

	alloc_size = sizeof(struct clone_root) * (arg->clone_sources_count + 1);
	sctx->clone_roots = kzalloc(alloc_size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);

Fixes: f5ecec3c ("btrfs: send: silence an integer overflow warning")
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ added comment ]
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

When using the NO_HOLES feature, during an incremental send we often issue
write operations for holes when we should not, because that range is already
a hole in the destination snapshot. While that does not change the contents
of the file at the receiver, it avoids preservation of file holes, leading
to wasted disk space and extra IO during send/receive.

A couple examples where the holes are not preserved follows.

 $ mkfs.btrfs -O no-holes -f /dev/sdb
 $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt
 $ xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -S 0xaa 0 4K" /mnt/foo
 $ xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -S 0xaa 0 4K" -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 1028K 4K" /mnt/bar
 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap1

 # Now add one new extent to our first test file, increasing its size and
 # leaving a 1Mb hole between the first extent and this new extent.
 $ xfs_io -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 1028K 4K" /mnt/foo

 # Now overwrite the last extent of our second test file.
 $ xfs_io -c "pwrite -S 0xcc 1028K 4K" /mnt/bar

 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap2

 $ xfs_io -r -c "fiemap -v" /mnt/snap2/foo
 /mnt/snap2/foo:
 EXT: FILE-OFFSET      BLOCK-RANGE      TOTAL FLAGS
   0: [0..7]:          25088..25095         8 0x2000
   1: [8..2055]:       hole              2048
   2: [2056..2063]:    24576..24583         8 0x2001

 $ xfs_io -r -c "fiemap -v" /mnt/snap2/bar
 /mnt/snap2/bar:
 EXT: FILE-OFFSET      BLOCK-RANGE      TOTAL FLAGS
   0: [0..7]:          25096..25103         8 0x2000
   1: [8..2055]:       hole              2048
   2: [2056..2063]:    24584..24591         8 0x2001

  $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
  $ btrfs send -p /mnt/snap1 /mnt/snap2 -f /tmp/2.snap

  $ umount /mnt
  # It's not relevant to enable no-holes in the new filesystem.
  $ mkfs.btrfs -O no-holes -f /dev/sdc
  $ mount /dev/sdc /mnt
  $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmp/1.snap
  $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmp/2.snap

  $ xfs_io -r -c "fiemap -v" /mnt/snap2/foo
  /mnt/snap2/foo:
  EXT: FILE-OFFSET      BLOCK-RANGE      TOTAL FLAGS
    0: [0..7]:          24576..24583         8 0x2000
    1: [8..2063]:       25624..27679      2056   0x1

  $ xfs_io -r -c "fiemap -v" /mnt/snap2/bar
  /mnt/snap2/bar:
  EXT: FILE-OFFSET      BLOCK-RANGE      TOTAL FLAGS
    0: [0..7]:          24584..24591         8 0x2000
    1: [8..2063]:       27680..29735      2056   0x1

The holes do not exist in the second filesystem and they were replaced
with extents filled with the byte 0x00, making each file take 1032Kb of
space instead of 8Kb.

So fix this by not issuing the write operations consisting of buffers
filled with the byte 0x00 when the destination snapshot already has a
hole for the respective range.

A test case for fstests will follow soon.
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

When both the parent and send snapshots have a directory inode with the
same number but different generations (therefore they are different
inodes) and both have an entry with the same name, an incremental send
stream will contain an invalid rmdir operation that refers to the
orphanized name of the inode from the parent snapshot.

The following example scenario shows how this happens.

Parent snapshot:

 .
 |---- d259_old/               (ino 259, gen 9)
 |         |---- d1/           (ino 258, gen 9)
 |
 |---- f                       (ino 257, gen 9)

Send snapshot:

 .
 |---- d258/                   (ino 258, gen 7)
 |---- d259/                   (ino 259, gen 7)
         |---- d1/             (ino 257, gen 7)

When the kernel is processing inode 258 it notices that in both snapshots
there is an inode numbered 259 that is a parent of an inode 258. However
it ignores the fact that the inodes numbered 259 have different generations
in both snapshots, which means they are effectively different inodes.
Then it checks that both inodes 259 have a dentry named "d1" and because
of that it issues a rmdir operation with orphanized name of the inode 258
from the parent snapshot. This happens at send.c:process_record_refs(),
which calls send.c:did_overwrite_first_ref() that returns true and because
of that later on at process_recorded_refs() such rmdir operation is issued
because the inode being currently processed (258) is a directory and it
was deleted in the send snapshot (and replaced with another inode that has
the same number and is a directory too).
Fix this issue by comparing the generations of parent directory inodes
that have the same number and make send.c:did_overwrite_first_ref() when
the generations are different.

The following steps reproduce the problem.

 $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
 $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt
 $ touch /mnt/f
 $ mkdir /mnt/d1
 $ mkdir /mnt/d259_old
 $ mv /mnt/d1 /mnt/d259_old/d1
 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap1
 $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
 $ umount /mnt

 $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdc
 $ mount /dev/sdc /mnt
 $ mkdir /mnt/d1
 $ mkdir /mnt/dir258
 $ mkdir /mnt/dir259
 $ mv /mnt/d1 /mnt/dir259/d1
 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap2
 $ btrfs receive /mnt/ -f /tmp/1.snap
 # Take note that once the filesystem is created, its current
 # generation has value 7 so the inodes from the second snapshot all have
 # a generation value of 7. And after receiving the first snapshot
 # the filesystem is at a generation value of 10, because the call to
 # create the second snapshot bumps the generation to 8 (the snapshot
 # creation ioctl does a transaction commit), the receive command calls
 # the snapshot creation ioctl to create the first snapshot, which bumps
 # the filesystem's generation to 9, and finally when the receive
 # operation finishes it calls an ioctl to transition the first snapshot
 # (snap1) from RW mode to RO mode, which does another transaction commit
 # and bumps the filesystem's generation to 10. This means all the inodes
 # in the first snapshot (snap1) have a generation value of 9.
 $ rm -f /tmp/1.snap
 $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
 $ btrfs send -p /mnt/snap1 /mnt/snap2 -f /tmp/2.snap
 $ umount /mnt

 $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdd
 $ mount /dev/sdd /mnt
 $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmp/1.snap
 $ btrfs receive -vv /mnt -f /tmp/2.snap
 receiving snapshot mysnap2 uuid=9c03962f-f620-0047-9f98-32e5a87116d9, ctransid=7 parent_uuid=d17a6e3f-14e5-df4f-be39-a7951a5399aa, parent_ctransid=9
 utimes
 unlink f
 mkdir o257-7-0
 mkdir o259-7-0
 rename o257-7-0 -> o259-7-0/d1
 chown o259-7-0/d1 - uid=0, gid=0
 chmod o259-7-0/d1 - mode=0755
 utimes o259-7-0/d1
 rmdir o258-9-0
 ERROR: rmdir o258-9-0 failed: No such file or directory
Signed-off-by: NRobbie Ko <robbieko@synology.com>
Reviewed-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
[Rewrote changelog to be more precise and clear]
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

When we are checking if we need to delay the rename operation for an
inode we not checking if a parent inode that exists in the send and
parent snapshots is really the same inode or not, that is, we are not
comparing the generation number of the parent inode in the send and
parent snapshots. Not only this results in unnecessarily delaying a
rename operation but also can later on make us generate an incorrect
name for a new inode in the send snapshot that has the same number
as another inode in the parent snapshot but a different generation.

Here follows an example where this happens.

Parent snapshot:

 .                                                  (ino 256, gen 3)
 |--- dir258/                                       (ino 258, gen 7)
 |       |--- dir257/                               (ino 257, gen 7)
 |
 |--- dir259/                                       (ino 259, gen 7)

Send snapshot:

 .                                                  (ino 256, gen 3)
 |--- file258                                       (ino 258, gen 10)
 |
 |--- new_dir259/                                   (ino 259, gen 10)
          |--- dir257/                              (ino 257, gen 7)

The following steps happen when computing the incremental send stream:

1) When processing inode 257, its new parent is created using its orphan
   name (o257-21-0), and the rename operation for inode 257 is delayed
   because its new parent (inode 259) was not yet processed - this
   decision to delay the rename operation does not make much sense
   because the inode 259 in the send snapshot is a new inode, it's not
   the same as inode 259 in the parent snapshot.

2) When processing inode 258 we end up delaying its rmdir operation,
   because inode 257 was not yet renamed (moved away from the directory
   inode 258 represents). We also create the new inode 258 using its
   orphan name "o258-10-0", then rename it to its final name of "file258"
   and then issue a truncate operation for it. However this truncate
   operation contains an incorrect name, which corresponds to the orphan
   name and not to the final name, which makes the receiver fail. This
   happens because when we attempt to compute the inode's current name
   we verify that there's another inode with the same number (258) that
   has its rmdir operation pending and because of that we generate an
   orphan name for the new inode 258 (we do this in the function
   get_cur_path()).

Fix this by not delayed the rename operation of an inode if it has parents
with the same number but different generations in both snapshots.

The following steps reproduce this example scenario.

 $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
 $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt
 $ mkdir /mnt/dir257
 $ mkdir /mnt/dir258
 $ mkdir /mnt/dir259
 $ mv /mnt/dir257 /mnt/dir258/dir257
 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap1

 $ mv /mnt/dir258/dir257 /mnt/dir257
 $ rmdir /mnt/dir258
 $ rmdir /mnt/dir259

 # Remount the filesystem so that the next created inodes will have the
 # numbers 258 and 259. This is because when a filesystem is mounted,
 # btrfs sets the subvolume's inode counter to a value corresponding to
 # the highest inode number in the subvolume plus 1. This inode counter
 # is used to assign a unique number to each new inode and it's
 # incremented by 1 after very inode creation.
 # Note: we unmount and then mount instead of doing a mount with
 # "-o remount" because otherwise the inode counter remains at value 260.
 $ umount /mnt
 $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt
 $ touch /mnt/file258
 $ mkdir /mnt/new_dir259
 $ mv /mnt/dir257 /mnt/new_dir259/dir257
 $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap2

 $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
 $ btrfs send -p /mnt/snap1 /mnt/snap2 -f /tmp/2.snap

 $ umount /mnt
 $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdc
 $ mount /dev/sdc /mnt
 $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmo/1.snap
 $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmo/2.snap -vv
 receiving snapshot mysnap2 uuid=e059b6d1-7f55-f140-8d7c-9a3039d23c97, ctransid=10 parent_uuid=77e98cb6-8762-814f-9e05-e8ba877fc0b0, parent_ctransid=7
 utimes
 mkdir o259-10-0
 rename dir258 -> o258-7-0
 utimes
 mkfile o258-10-0
 rename o258-10-0 -> file258
 utimes
 truncate o258-10-0 size=0
 ERROR: truncate o258-10-0 failed: No such file or directory
Reported-by: NRobbie Ko <robbieko@synology.com>
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

Under certain situations, an incremental send operation can fail due to a
premature attempt to create a new top level inode (a direct child of the
subvolume/snapshot root) whose name collides with another inode that was
removed from the send snapshot.

Consider the following example scenario.

Parent snapshot:

  .                 (ino 256, gen 8)
  |---- a1/         (ino 257, gen 9)
  |---- a2/         (ino 258, gen 9)

Send snapshot:

  .                 (ino 256, gen 3)
  |---- a2/         (ino 257, gen 7)

In this scenario, when receiving the incremental send stream, the btrfs
receive command fails like this (ran in verbose mode, -vv argument):

  rmdir a1
  mkfile o257-7-0
  rename o257-7-0 -> a2
  ERROR: rename o257-7-0 -> a2 failed: Is a directory

What happens when computing the incremental send stream is:

1) An operation to remove the directory with inode number 257 and
   generation 9 is issued.

2) An operation to create the inode with number 257 and generation 7 is
   issued. This creates the inode with an orphanized name of "o257-7-0".

3) An operation rename the new inode 257 to its final name, "a2", is
   issued. This is incorrect because inode 258, which has the same name
   and it's a child of the same parent (root inode 256), was not yet
   processed and therefore no rmdir operation for it was yet issued.
   The rename operation is issued because we fail to detect that the
   name of the new inode 257 collides with inode 258, because their
   parent, a subvolume/snapshot root (inode 256) has a different
   generation in both snapshots.

So fix this by ignoring the generation value of a parent directory that
matches a root inode (number 256) when we are checking if the name of the
inode currently being processed collides with the name of some other
inode that was not yet processed.

We can achieve this scenario of different inodes with the same number but
different generation values either by mounting a filesystem with the inode
cache option (-o inode_cache) or by creating and sending snapshots across
different filesystems, like in the following example:

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb
  $ mount /dev/sdb /mnt
  $ mkdir /mnt/a1
  $ mkdir /mnt/a2
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap1
  $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
  $ umount /mnt

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdc
  $ mount /dev/sdc /mnt
  $ touch /mnt/a2
  $ btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt /mnt/snap2
  $ btrfs receive /mnt -f /tmp/1.snap
  # Take note that once the filesystem is created, its current
  # generation has value 7 so the inode from the second snapshot has
  # a generation value of 7. And after receiving the first snapshot
  # the filesystem is at a generation value of 10, because the call to
  # create the second snapshot bumps the generation to 8 (the snapshot
  # creation ioctl does a transaction commit), the receive command calls
  # the snapshot creation ioctl to create the first snapshot, which bumps
  # the filesystem's generation to 9, and finally when the receive
  # operation finishes it calls an ioctl to transition the first snapshot
  # (snap1) from RW mode to RO mode, which does another transaction commit
  # and bumps the filesystem's generation to 10.
  $ rm -f /tmp/1.snap
  $ btrfs send /mnt/snap1 -f /tmp/1.snap
  $ btrfs send -p /mnt/snap1 /mnt/snap2 -f /tmp/2.snap
  $ umount /mnt

  $ mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdd
  $ mount /dev/sdd /mnt
  $ btrfs receive /mnt /tmp/1.snap
  # Receive of snapshot snap2 used to fail.
  $ btrfs receive /mnt /tmp/2.snap
Signed-off-by: NRobbie Ko <robbieko@synology.com>
Reviewed-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
[Rewrote changelog to be more precise and clear]
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

Now we only use the root parameter to print the root objectid in
a tracepoint.  We can use the root parameter from the transaction
handle for that.  It's also used to join the transaction with
async commits, so we remove the comment that it's just for checking.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

There are loads of functions in btrfs that accept a root parameter
but only use it to obtain an fs_info pointer.  Let's convert those to
just accept an fs_info pointer directly.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

In routines where someptr->fs_info is referenced multiple times, we
introduce a convenience variable.  This makes the code considerably
more readable.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

We track the node sizes per-root, but they never vary from the values
in the superblock.  This patch messes with the 80-column style a bit,
but subsequent patches to factor out root->fs_info into a convenience
variable fix it up again.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

Commit 95155585 ("Btrfs: send, don't bug on inconsistent snapshots")
removed some BUG_ON() statements (replacing them with returning errors
to user space and logging error messages) when a snapshot is in an
inconsistent state due to failures to update a delayed inode item (ENOMEM
or ENOSPC) after adding/updating/deleting references, xattrs or file
extent items.

However there is a case, when no errors happen, where a file extent item
can be modified without having the corresponding inode item updated. This
case happens during balance under very specific timings, when relocation
is in the stage where it updates data pointers and a leaf that contains
file extent items is COWed. When that happens file extent items get their
disk_bytenr field updated to a new value that reflects the post relocation
logical address of the extent, without updating their respective inode
items (as there is nothing that needs to be updated on them). This is
performed at relocation.c:replace_file_extents() through
relocation.c:btrfs_reloc_cow_block().

So make an incremental send deal with this case and don't do any processing
for a file extent item that got its disk_bytenr field updated by relocation,
since the extent's data is the same as the one pointed by the file extent
item in the parent snapshot.

After the recent commit mentioned above this case resulted in EIO errors
returned to user space (and an error message logged to dmesg/syslog) when
doing an incremental send, while before it, it resulted in hitting a
BUG_ON leading to the following trace:

[  952.206705] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[  952.206714] kernel BUG at ../fs/btrfs/send.c:5653!
[  952.206719] Internal error: Oops - BUG: 0 [#1] SMP
[  952.209854] Modules linked in: st dm_mod nls_utf8 isofs fuse nf_log_ipv6 xt_pkttype xt_physdev br_netfilter nf_log_ipv4 nf_log_common xt_LOG xt_limit ebtable_filter ebtables af_packet bridge stp llc ip6t_REJECT xt_tcpudp nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 ip6table_raw ipt_REJECT iptable_raw xt_CT iptable_filter ip6table_mangle nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 ip_tables xt_conntrack nf_conntrack ip6table_filter ip6_tables x_tables xfs libcrc32c nls_iso8859_1 nls_cp437 vfat fat joydev aes_ce_blk ablk_helper cryptd snd_intel8x0 aes_ce_cipher snd_ac97_codec ac97_bus snd_pcm ghash_ce sha2_ce sha1_ce snd_timer snd virtio_net soundcore btrfs xor sr_mod cdrom hid_generic usbhid raid6_pq virtio_blk virtio_scsi bochs_drm drm_kms_helper syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt fb_sys_fops ttm virtio_mmio xhci_pci xhci_hcd usbcore usb_common virtio_pci virtio_ring virtio drm sg efivarfs
[  952.228333] Supported: Yes
[  952.228908] CPU: 0 PID: 12779 Comm: snapperd Not tainted 4.4.14-50-default #1
[  952.230329] Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
[  952.231683] task: ffff800058e94100 ti: ffff8000d866c000 task.ti: ffff8000d866c000
[  952.233279] PC is at changed_cb+0x9f4/0xa48 [btrfs]
[  952.234375] LR is at changed_cb+0x58/0xa48 [btrfs]
[  952.236552] pc : [<ffff7ffffc39de7c>] lr : [<ffff7ffffc39d4e0>] pstate: 80000145
[  952.238049] sp : ffff8000d866fa20
[  952.238732] x29: ffff8000d866fa20 x28: 0000000000000019
[  952.239840] x27: 00000000000028d5 x26: 00000000000024a2
[  952.241008] x25: 0000000000000002 x24: ffff8000e66e92f0
[  952.242131] x23: ffff8000b8c76800 x22: ffff800092879140
[  952.243238] x21: 0000000000000002 x20: ffff8000d866fb78
[  952.244348] x19: ffff8000b8f8c200 x18: 0000000000002710
[  952.245607] x17: 0000ffff90d42480 x16: ffff800000237dc0
[  952.246719] x15: 0000ffff90de7510 x14: ab000c000a2faf08
[  952.247835] x13: 0000000000577c2b x12: ab000c000b696665
[  952.248981] x11: 2e65726f632f6966 x10: 652d34366d72612f
[  952.250101] x9 : 32627572672f746f x8 : ab000c00092f1671
[  952.251352] x7 : 8000000000577c2b x6 : ffff800053eadf45
[  952.252468] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : ffff80005e169494
[  952.253582] x3 : 0000000000000004 x2 : ffff8000d866fb78
[  952.254695] x1 : 000000000003e2a3 x0 : 000000000003e2a4
[  952.255803]
[  952.256150] Process snapperd (pid: 12779, stack limit = 0xffff8000d866c020)
[  952.257516] Stack: (0xffff8000d866fa20 to 0xffff8000d8670000)
[  952.258654] fa20: ffff8000d866fae0 ffff7ffffc308fc0 ffff800092879140 ffff8000e66e92f0
[  952.260219] fa40: 0000000000000035 ffff800055de6000 ffff8000b8c76800 ffff8000d866fb78
[  952.261745] fa60: 0000000000000002 00000000000024a2 00000000000028d5 0000000000000019
[  952.263269] fa80: ffff8000d866fae0 ffff7ffffc3090f0 ffff8000d866fae0 ffff7ffffc309128
[  952.264797] faa0: ffff800092879140 ffff8000e66e92f0 0000000000000035 ffff800055de6000
[  952.268261] fac0: ffff8000b8c76800 ffff8000d866fb78 0000000000000002 0000000000001000
[  952.269822] fae0: ffff8000d866fbc0 ffff7ffffc39ecfc ffff8000b8f8c200 ffff8000b8f8c368
[  952.271368] fb00: ffff8000b8f8c378 ffff800055de6000 0000000000000001 ffff8000ecb17500
[  952.272893] fb20: ffff8000b8c76800 ffff800092879140 ffff800062b6d000 ffff80007a9e2470
[  952.274420] fb40: ffff8000b8f8c208 0000000005784000 ffff8000580a8000 ffff8000b8f8c200
[  952.276088] fb60: ffff7ffffc39d488 00000002b8f8c368 0000000000000000 000000000003e2a4
[  952.280275] fb80: 000000000000006c ffff7ffffc39ec00 000000000003e2a4 000000000000006c
[  952.283219] fba0: ffff8000b8f8c300 0000000000000100 0000000000000001 ffff8000ecb17500
[  952.286166] fbc0: ffff8000d866fcd0 ffff7ffffc3643c0 ffff8000f8842700 0000ffff8ffe9278
[  952.289136] fbe0: 0000000040489426 ffff800055de6000 0000ffff8ffe9278 0000000040489426
[  952.292083] fc00: 000000000000011d 000000000000001d ffff80007a9e4598 ffff80007a9e43e8
[  952.294959] fc20: ffff8000b8c7693f 0000000000003b24 0000000000000019 ffff8000b8f8c218
[  952.301161] fc40: 00000001d866fc70 ffff8000b8c76800 0000000000000128 ffffffffffffff84
[  952.305749] fc60: ffff800058e941ff 0000000000003a58 ffff8000d866fcb0 ffff8000000f7390
[  952.308875] fc80: 000000000000012a 0000000000010290 ffff8000d866fc00 000000000000007b
[  952.311915] fca0: 0000000000010290 ffff800046c1b100 74732d7366727462 000001006d616572
[  952.314937] fcc0: ffff8000fffc4100 cb88537fdc8ba60e ffff8000d866fe10 ffff8000002499e8
[  952.318008] fce0: 0000000040489426 ffff8000f8842700 0000ffff8ffe9278 ffff80007a9e4598
[  952.321321] fd00: 0000ffff8ffe9278 0000000040489426 000000000000011d 000000000000001d
[  952.324280] fd20: ffff80000072c000 ffff8000d866c000 ffff8000d866fda0 ffff8000000e997c
[  952.327156] fd40: ffff8000fffc4180 00000000000031ed ffff8000fffc4180 ffff800046c1b7d4
[  952.329895] fd60: 0000000000000140 0000ffff907ea170 000000000000011d 00000000000000dc
[  952.334641] fd80: ffff80000072c000 ffff8000d866c000 0000000000000000 0000000000000002
[  952.338002] fda0: ffff8000d866fdd0 ffff8000000ebacc ffff800046c1b080 ffff800046c1b7d4
[  952.340724] fdc0: ffff8000d866fdf0 ffff8000000db67c 0000000000000040 ffff800000e69198
[  952.343415] fde0: 0000ffff8ffea790 00000000000031ed ffff8000d866fe20 ffff800000254000
[  952.346101] fe00: 000000000000001d 0000000000000004 ffff8000d866fe90 ffff800000249d3c
[  952.348980] fe20: ffff8000f8842700 0000000000000000 ffff8000f8842701 0000000000000008
[  952.351696] fe40: ffff8000d866fe70 0000000000000008 ffff8000d866fe90 ffff800000249cf8
[  952.354387] fe60: ffff8000f8842700 0000ffff8ffe9170 ffff8000f8842701 0000000000000008
[  952.357083] fe80: 0000ffff8ffe9278 ffff80008ff85500 0000ffff8ffe90c0 ffff800000085c84
[  952.359800] fea0: 0000000000000000 0000ffff8ffe9170 ffffffffffffffff 0000ffff90d473bc
[  952.365351] fec0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000015 0000000000000008 0000000040489426
[  952.369550] fee0: 0000ffff8ffe9278 0000ffff907ea790 0000ffff907ea170 0000ffff907ea790
[  952.372416] ff00: 0000ffff907ea170 0000000000000000 000000000000001d 0000000000000004
[  952.375223] ff20: 0000ffff90a32220 00000000003d0f00 0000ffff907ea0a0 0000ffff8ffe8f30
[  952.378099] ff40: 0000ffff9100f554 0000ffff91147000 0000ffff91117bc0 0000ffff90d473b0
[  952.381115] ff60: 0000ffff9100f620 0000ffff880069b0 0000ffff8ffe9170 0000ffff8ffe91a0
[  952.384003] ff80: 0000ffff8ffe9160 0000ffff8ffe9140 0000ffff88006990 0000ffff8ffe9278
[  952.386860] ffa0: 0000ffff88008a60 0000ffff8ffe9480 0000ffff88014ca0 0000ffff8ffe90c0
[  952.389654] ffc0: 0000ffff910be8e8 0000ffff8ffe90c0 0000ffff90d473bc 0000000000000000
[  952.410986] ffe0: 0000000000000008 000000000000001d 6e2079747265706f 72616d223d656d61
[  952.415497] Call trace:
[  952.417403] [<ffff7ffffc39de7c>] changed_cb+0x9f4/0xa48 [btrfs]
[  952.420023] [<ffff7ffffc308fc0>] btrfs_compare_trees+0x500/0x6b0 [btrfs]
[  952.422759] [<ffff7ffffc39ecfc>] btrfs_ioctl_send+0xb4c/0xe10 [btrfs]
[  952.425601] [<ffff7ffffc3643c0>] btrfs_ioctl+0x374/0x29a4 [btrfs]
[  952.428031] [<ffff8000002499e8>] do_vfs_ioctl+0x33c/0x600
[  952.430360] [<ffff800000249d3c>] SyS_ioctl+0x90/0xa4
[  952.432552] [<ffff800000085c84>] el0_svc_naked+0x38/0x3c
[  952.434803] Code: 2a1503e0 17fffdac b9404282 17ffff28 (d4210000)
[  952.437457] ---[ end trace 9afd7090c466cf15 ]---
Signed-off-by: NFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>

Remove the unnecessary typedefs and the zero-length a_entries array in
struct posix_acl_xattr_header.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>