When the kernel.print-fatal-signals sysctl has been enabled, a simple
userspace crash will cause the kernel to write a crash dump that contains,
among other things, the kernel gsbase into dmesg.

As suggested by Andy, limit output to pt_regs, FS_BASE and KERNEL_GS_BASE
in this case.

This also moves the bitness-specific logic from show_regs() into
process_{32,64}.c.

Fixes: 45807a1d ("vdso: print fatal signals")
Signed-off-by: NJann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bpetkov@suse.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180831194151.123586-1-jannh@google.com

There are at least two unwinder bugs hindering the debugging of
stack-overflow crashes:

- It doesn't deal gracefully with the case where the stack overflows and
  the stack pointer itself isn't on a valid stack but the
  to-be-dereferenced data *is*.

- The ORC oops dump code doesn't know how to print partial pt_regs, for the
  case where if we get an interrupt/exception in *early* entry code
  before the full pt_regs have been saved.

Fix both issues.

http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171126024031.uxi4numpbjm5rlbr@trebleSigned-off-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: NBorislav Petkov <bpetkov@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@aculab.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Valentin <eduval@amazon.com>
Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: aliguori@amazon.com
Cc: daniel.gruss@iaik.tugraz.at
Cc: hughd@google.com
Cc: keescook@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171204150605.071425003@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: NKate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: NPhilippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Printing kernel text addresses in stack dumps is of questionable value,
especially now that address randomization is becoming common.

It can be a security issue because it leaks kernel addresses.  It also
affects the usefulness of the stack dump.  Linus says:

  "I actually spend time cleaning up commit messages in logs, because
  useless data that isn't actually information (random hex numbers) is
  actively detrimental.

  It makes commit logs less legible.

  It also makes it harder to parse dumps.

  It's not useful. That makes it actively bad.

  I probably look at more oops reports than most people. I have not
  found the hex numbers useful for the last five years, because they are
  just randomized crap.

  The stack content thing just makes code scroll off the screen etc, for
  example."

The only real downside to removing these addresses is that they can be
used to disambiguate duplicate symbol names.  However such cases are
rare, and the context of the stack dump should be enough to be able to
figure it out.

There's now a 'faddr2line' script which can be used to convert a
function address to a file name and line:

  $ ./scripts/faddr2line ~/k/vmlinux write_sysrq_trigger+0x51/0x60
  write_sysrq_trigger+0x51/0x60:
  write_sysrq_trigger at drivers/tty/sysrq.c:1098

Or gdb can be used:

  $ echo "list *write_sysrq_trigger+0x51" |gdb ~/k/vmlinux |grep "is in"
  (gdb) 0xffffffff815b5d83 is in driver_probe_device (/home/jpoimboe/git/linux/drivers/base/dd.c:378).

(But note that when there are duplicate symbol names, gdb will only show
the first symbol it finds.  faddr2line is recommended over gdb because
it handles duplicates and it also does function size checking.)

Here's an example of what a stack dump looks like after this change:

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at           (null)
  IP: sysrq_handle_crash+0x45/0x80
  PGD 36bfa067 [   29.650644] PUD 7aca3067
  Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
  Modules linked in: ...
  CPU: 1 PID: 786 Comm: bash Tainted: G            E   4.9.0-rc1+ #1
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.9.1-1.fc24 04/01/2014
  task: ffff880078582a40 task.stack: ffffc90000ba8000
  RIP: 0010:sysrq_handle_crash+0x45/0x80
  RSP: 0018:ffffc90000babdc8 EFLAGS: 00010296
  RAX: ffff880078582a40 RBX: 0000000000000063 RCX: 0000000000000001
  RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000292
  RBP: ffffc90000babdc8 R08: 0000000b31866061 R09: 0000000000000000
  R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
  R13: 0000000000000007 R14: ffffffff81ee8680 R15: 0000000000000000
  FS:  00007ffb43869700(0000) GS:ffff88007d400000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000007a3e9000 CR4: 00000000001406e0
  Stack:
   ffffc90000babe00 ffffffff81572d08 ffffffff81572bd5 0000000000000002
   0000000000000000 ffff880079606600 00007ffb4386e000 ffffc90000babe20
   ffffffff81573201 ffff880036a3fd00 fffffffffffffffb ffffc90000babe40
  Call Trace:
   __handle_sysrq+0x138/0x220
   ? __handle_sysrq+0x5/0x220
   write_sysrq_trigger+0x51/0x60
   proc_reg_write+0x42/0x70
   __vfs_write+0x37/0x140
   ? preempt_count_sub+0xa1/0x100
   ? __sb_start_write+0xf5/0x210
   ? vfs_write+0x183/0x1a0
   vfs_write+0xb8/0x1a0
   SyS_write+0x58/0xc0
   entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xc2
  RIP: 0033:0x7ffb42f55940
  RSP: 002b:00007ffd33bb6b18 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
  RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000046 RCX: 00007ffb42f55940
  RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: 00007ffb4386e000 RDI: 0000000000000001
  RBP: 0000000000000011 R08: 00007ffb4321ea40 R09: 00007ffb43869700
  R10: 00007ffb43869700 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000778a10
  R13: 00007ffd33bb5c00 R14: 0000000000000007 R15: 0000000000000010
  Code: 34 e8 d0 34 bc ff 48 c7 c2 3b 2b 57 81 be 01 00 00 00 48 c7 c7 e0 dd e5 81 e8 a8 55 ba ff c7 05 0e 3f de 00 01 00 00 00 0f ae f8 <c6> 04 25 00 00 00 00 01 5d c3 e8 4c 49 bc ff 84 c0 75 c3 48 c7
  RIP: sysrq_handle_crash+0x45/0x80 RSP: ffffc90000babdc8
  CR2: 0000000000000000
Suggested-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/69329cb29b8f324bb5fcea14d61d224807fb6488.1477405374.git.jpoimboe@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

There are a bewildering array of options for dumping the stack.
Simplify things a little by removing show_trace(), which is unused.
Signed-off-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/fe02292eac9d409001ec0cf6d06f90ced242570d.1471535549.git.jpoimboe@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Add a helper to dump supplied pt_regs and use it in the MSR exception
handling code to have precise stack traces pointing to the actual
function causing the MSR access exception and not the stack frame of the
exception handler itself.

The new output looks like this:

 unchecked MSR access error: RDMSR from 0xdeadbeef at rIP: 0xffffffff8102ddb6 (early_init_intel+0x16/0x3a0)
  00000000756e6547 ffffffff81c03f68 ffffffff81dd0940 ffffffff81c03f10
  ffffffff81d42e65 0000000001000000 ffffffff81c03f58 ffffffff81d3e5a3
  0000800000000000 ffffffff81800080 ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000
 Call Trace:
  [<ffffffff81d42e65>] early_cpu_init+0xe7/0x136
  [<ffffffff81d3e5a3>] setup_arch+0xa5/0x9df
  [<ffffffff81d38bb9>] start_kernel+0x9f/0x43a
  [<ffffffff81d38294>] x86_64_start_reservations+0x2f/0x31
  [<ffffffff81d383fe>] x86_64_start_kernel+0x168/0x176
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467671487-10344-4-git-send-email-bp@alien8.deSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Previously, UV NMI used the 'in_crash_kexec' flag to determine whether
we are in a kdump kernel or not:

  5edd19af ("x86, UV: Make kdump avoid stack dumps")

But this flags was removed in the following commit:

  9c48f1c6 ("x86, nmi: Wire up NMI handlers to new routines")

Since it isn't used any more, remove it.
Signed-off-by: NMinfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NDon Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: cpw@sgi.com
Cc: kexec@lists.infradead.org
Cc: mhuang@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1444070155-17934-1-git-send-email-mhuang@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

There are two kexec load syscalls, kexec_load another and kexec_file_load.
 kexec_file_load has been splited as kernel/kexec_file.c.  In this patch I
split kexec_load syscall code to kernel/kexec.c.

And add a new kconfig option KEXEC_CORE, so we can disable kexec_load and
use kexec_file_load only, or vice verse.

The original requirement is from Ted Ts'o, he want kexec kernel signature
being checked with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled.  But kexec-tools use
kexec_load syscall can bypass the checking.

Vivek Goyal proposed to create a common kconfig option so user can compile
in only one syscall for loading kexec kernel.  KEXEC/KEXEC_FILE selects
KEXEC_CORE so that old config files still work.

Because there's general code need CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE, so I updated all the
architecture Kconfig with a new option KEXEC_CORE, and let KEXEC selects
KEXEC_CORE in arch Kconfig.  Also updated general kernel code with to
kexec_load syscall.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: NDave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Consider a kernel crash in a module, simulated the following way:

 static int my_init(void)
 {
         char *map = (void *)0x5;
         *map = 3;
         return 0;
 }
 module_init(my_init);

When we turn off FRAME_POINTERs, the very first instruction in
that function causes a BUG. The problem is that we print IP in
the BUG report using %pB (from printk_address). And %pB
decrements the pointer by one to fix printing addresses of
functions with tail calls.

This was added in commit 71f9e598 ("x86, dumpstack: Use
%pB format specifier for stack trace") to fix the call stack
printouts.

So instead of correct output:

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000005
  IP: [<ffffffffa01ac000>] my_init+0x0/0x10 [pb173]

We get:

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000005
  IP: [<ffffffffa0152000>] 0xffffffffa0151fff

To fix that, we use %pS only for stack addresses printouts (via
newly added printk_stack_address) and %pB for regs->ip (via
printk_address). I.e. we revert to the old behaviour for all
except call stacks. And since from all those reliable is 1, we
remove that parameter from printk_address.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: joe@perches.com
Cc: jirislaby@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1382706418-8435-1-git-send-email-jslaby@suse.czSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

What was called show_registers() so far already showed a stack
trace for kernel faults, and kernel_stack_pointer() isn't even
valid to be used for faults from user mode, hence it was
pointless for show_regs() to call show_trace() after
show_registers().

Simply rename show_registers() to show_regs() and eliminate
the old definition.
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4FAA3D3902000078000826E1@nat28.tlf.novell.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

[ poleg@redhat.com: no need to declare show_regs() in ptrace.h, sched.h does this ]
Signed-off-by: NMike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Current stack dump code scans entire stack and check each entry
contains a pointer to kernel code. If CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y it
could mark whether the pointer is valid or not based on value of
the frame pointer. Invalid entries could be preceded by '?' sign.

However this was not going to happen because scan start point
was always higher than the frame pointer so that they could not
meet.

Commit 9c0729dc ("x86: Eliminate bp argument from the stack
tracing routines") delayed bp acquisition point, so the bp was
read in lower frame, thus all of the entries were marked
invalid.

This patch fixes this by reverting above commit while retaining
stack_frame() helper as suggested by Frederic Weisbecker.

End result looks like below:

before:

 [    3.508329] Call Trace:
 [    3.508551]  [<ffffffff814f35c9>] ? panic+0x91/0x199
 [    3.508662]  [<ffffffff814f3739>] ? printk+0x68/0x6a
 [    3.508770]  [<ffffffff81a981b2>] ? mount_block_root+0x257/0x26e
 [    3.508876]  [<ffffffff81a9821f>] ? mount_root+0x56/0x5a
 [    3.508975]  [<ffffffff81a98393>] ? prepare_namespace+0x170/0x1a9
 [    3.509216]  [<ffffffff81a9772b>] ? kernel_init+0x1d2/0x1e2
 [    3.509335]  [<ffffffff81003894>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
 [    3.509442]  [<ffffffff814f6880>] ? restore_args+0x0/0x30
 [    3.509542]  [<ffffffff81a97559>] ? kernel_init+0x0/0x1e2
 [    3.509641]  [<ffffffff81003890>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10

after:

 [    3.522991] Call Trace:
 [    3.523351]  [<ffffffff814f35b9>] panic+0x91/0x199
 [    3.523468]  [<ffffffff814f3729>] ? printk+0x68/0x6a
 [    3.523576]  [<ffffffff81a981b2>] mount_block_root+0x257/0x26e
 [    3.523681]  [<ffffffff81a9821f>] mount_root+0x56/0x5a
 [    3.523780]  [<ffffffff81a98393>] prepare_namespace+0x170/0x1a9
 [    3.523885]  [<ffffffff81a9772b>] kernel_init+0x1d2/0x1e2
 [    3.523987]  [<ffffffff81003894>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
 [    3.524228]  [<ffffffff814f6880>] ? restore_args+0x0/0x30
 [    3.524345]  [<ffffffff81a97559>] ? kernel_init+0x0/0x1e2
 [    3.524445]  [<ffffffff81003890>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10

 -v5:
   * fix build breakage with oprofile

 -v4:
   * use 0 instead of regs->bp
   * separate out printk changes

 -v3:
   * apply comment from Frederic
   * add a couple of printk fixes
Signed-off-by: NNamhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Soren Sandmann <ssp@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
LKML-Reference: <1300416006-3163-1-git-send-email-namhyung@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

With no caller left, the function and the DIE_NMIWATCHDOG
enumerator can both go away.
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <4D5D521C0200007800032702@vpn.id2.novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

With priorities in place and no one really understanding the difference between
DIE_NMI and DIE_NMI_IPI, just remove DIE_NMI_IPI and convert everyone to DIE_NMI.

This also simplifies default_do_nmi() a little bit.  Instead of calling the
die_notifier in both the if and else part, just pull it out and call it before
the if-statement.  This has the side benefit of avoiding a call to the ioport
to see if there is an external NMI sitting around until after the (more frequent)
internal NMIs are dealt with.
Patch-Inspired-by: NHuang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDon Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1294348732-15030-5-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The various stack tracing routines take a 'bp' argument in which the
caller is supposed to provide the base pointer to use, or 0 if doesn't
have one. Since bp is garbage whenever CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not
defined, this means all callers in principle should either always pass
0, or be conditional on CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER.

However, there are only really three use cases for stack tracing:

(a) Trace the current task, including IRQ stack if any
(b) Trace the current task, but skip IRQ stack
(c) Trace some other task

In all cases, if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not defined, bp should just
be 0.  If it _is_ defined, then

- in case (a) bp should be gotten directly from the CPU's register, so
  the caller should pass NULL for regs,

- in case (b) the caller should should pass the IRQ registers to
  dump_trace(),

- in case (c) bp should be gotten from the top of the task's stack, so
  the caller should pass NULL for regs.

Hence, the bp argument is not necessary because the combination of
task and regs is sufficient to determine an appropriate value for bp.

This patch introduces a new inline function stack_frame(task, regs)
that computes the desired bp. This function is then called from the
two versions of dump_stack().
Signed-off-by: NSoren Sandmann <ssp@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>,
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>,
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>,
LKML-Reference: <m3oc9rop28.fsf@dhcp-100-3-82.bos.redhat.com>>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>

This replaces Version 1 of this patch, which broke the build when
CONFIG_KEXEC and CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP were configured off.  In that case
the storage for the 'in_crash_kexec' flag was never built.

This version defines that flag as 0 if CONFIG_KEXEC is not set.
The patch is tested with all combinations of those two options.
Signed-off-by: NCliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <E1OiZcw-0001Hb-2g@eag09.americas.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

UV NMI callback's should not write stack dumps when a kdump is to be written.

When invoking the crash kernel to write a dump, kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus()
uses NMI's to get all the cpu's to save their register context and halt.

But the NMI interrupt handler runs a callback list.  This patch sets a flag
to prevent any of those callbacks from interfering with the halt of the cpu.

For UV, which currently has the only callback to which this is relevant, the
uv_handle_nmi() callback should not do dumping of stacks.

The 'in_crash_kexec' flag is defined as an extern in kdebug.h firstly
because x2apic_uv_x.c includes it.  Secondly because some future callback
might need the flag to know that it should not enter the debugger.
(Such a scenario was in fact present in the 2.6.32 kernel, SuSE distribution,
 where a call to kdb needed to be avoided.)
Signed-off-by: NCliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
LKML-Reference: <E1ObLvt-0005UZ-Va@eag09.americas.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Change header guards named "ASM_X86__*" to "_ASM_X86_*" since:

a. the double underscore is ugly and pointless.
b. no leading underscore violates namespace constraints.
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

Currently the low-level function to dump user-passed registers on i386 is
called __show_registers() whereas on x86-64 it's called __show_regs(). Unify
the API to simplify porting of kmemcheck to x86-64.
Signed-off-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: NVegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This patch is the result of an automatic script that consolidates the
format of all the headers in include/asm-x86/.

The format:

1. No leading underscore. Names with leading underscores are reserved.
2. Pathname components are separated by two underscores. So we can
   distinguish between mm_types.h and mm/types.h.
3. Everything except letters and numbers are turned into single
   underscores.
Signed-off-by: NVegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>

kmmio.c handles the list of mmio probes with callbacks, list of traced
pages, and attaching into the page fault handler and die notifier. It
arms, traps and disarms the given pages, this is the core of mmiotrace.

mmio-mod.c is a user interface, hooking into ioremap functions and
registering the mmio probes. It also decodes the required information
from trapped mmio accesses via the pre and post callbacks in each probe.
Currently, hooking into ioremap functions works by redefining the symbols
of the target (binary) kernel module, so that it calls the traced
versions of the functions.

The most notable changes done since the last discussion are:
- kmmio.c is a built-in, not part of the module
- direct call from fault.c to kmmio.c, removing all dynamic hooks
- prepare for unregistering probes at any time
- make kmmio re-initializable and accessible to more than one user
- rewrite kmmio locking to remove all spinlocks from page fault path

Can I abuse call_rcu() like I do in kmmio.c:unregister_kmmio_probe()
or is there a better way?

The function called via call_rcu() itself calls call_rcu() again,
will this work or break? There I need a second grace period for RCU
after the first grace period for page faults.

Mmiotrace itself (mmio-mod.c) is still a module, I am going to attack
that next. At some point I will start looking into how to make mmiotrace
a tracer component of ftrace (thanks for the hint, Ingo). Ftrace should
make the user space part of mmiotracing as simple as
'cat /debug/trace/mmio > dump.txt'.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

The custom page fault handler list is replaced with a single function
pointer. All related functions and variables are renamed for
mmiotrace.
Signed-off-by: NPekka Paalanen <pq@iki.fi>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: pq@iki.fi
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Provides kernel modules a way to register custom page fault handlers.
On every page fault this will call a list of registered functions. The
functions may handle the fault and force do_page_fault() to return
immediately.

This functionality is similar to the now removed page fault notifiers.
Custom page fault handlers are used by debugging and reverse engineering
tools. Mmiotrace is one such tool and a patch to add it into the tree
will follow.

The custom page fault handlers are called earlier in do_page_fault()
than the page fault notifiers were.
Signed-off-by: NPekka Paalanen <pq@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This patch fixes the hang regression with kgdb when the NMI interrupt
comes in while the master core is returning from an exception.

Adjust the NMI logic such that KGDB will not stop NMI exceptions from
occurring by in general returning NOTIFY_DONE.  It is not possible to
distinguish the debug NMI sync vs the normal NMI apic interrupt so
kgdb needs to catch the unknown NMI if it the debugger was previously
active on one of the cpus.
Signed-off-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

dump_pagetable() can now become static.
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

For enhancing the 32 bit EBP based backtracer, I need the capability
for the backtracer to tell it's customer that an entry is either
reliable or unreliable, and the backtrace printing code then needs to
print the unreliable ones slightly different.

This patch adds the basic capability, the next patch will add a user
of this capability.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Enable CONFIG_EMBEDDED to select CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK on 64-bit as well.

saves ~2K:

   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
   7290283 3672091 1907848 12870222         c4624e vmlinux.before
   7288373 3671795 1907848 12868016         c459b0 vmlinux.after
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This requires making die() return a value, making its callers honor
this (and be prepared that it may return), and making oops_end() have
two additional parameters.
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Move them and fixup some users.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The 64 bit variant has additional function prototypes which do no harm
for 32 bit.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Move the headers to include/asm-x86 and fixup the
header install make rules
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>