Move constant to the right of a relational operator.
This coding style is more common for the kernel code.

Problem found by checkpatch.
Signed-off-by: NShreeya Patel <shreeya.patel23498@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Replace the explicit "if (val != NULL)" with if (val).
Signed-off-by: NMuhammad Falak R Wani <falakreyaz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fix checkpatch issues: "CHECK: Alignment should match open parenthesis".
Signed-off-by: NArushi Singhal <arushisinghal19971997@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Adjust formatting of several comments to keep line length within
the 80 column limit preferred by the Linux kernel coding style.
Signed-off-by: NMitchell Tasman <tasman@leaflabs.com>
Acked-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

According to checkpatch warning, block comments should align the * on
each line. Also, preferred style for multi-line comments is starting the
comment text after the second *.
Signed-off-by: NAleksey Rybalkin <aleksey@rybalkin.org>
Acked-by: NJohan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

txq_count receives a value from wilc_wlan_handle_txq()
and therefore should be u32

found using sparse:
drivers/staging/wilc1000/linux_wlan.c:306:58: warning:
 incorrect type in argument 2 (different signedness)
Signed-off-by: NIlia Sergachev <ilia.sergachev@unibas.ch>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Add missing parameter name to fix the following checkpatch.pl warning:

WARNING: function definition argument 'struct device *' should also have
an identifier name
Signed-off-by: NDmitriy Cherkasov <dmitriy@oss-tech.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Trivial fix to typos in netdev_err error messages. I should have spotted
this in a previous round of spelling mistake checks on this driver but
this one slipped through.
Signed-off-by: NColin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

All uses of refresh_scan() have a constant 1 as the second argument.
Remove it and neaten the function declaration.

Miscellanea:

o Remove overly deep indentation by using continue;
o Remove unnecessary test of the address of a static array as it's
  always non-zero
o Rename and use proper type for the first void * argument as it's
  always the struct wilc_priv *
o Move variables into loop where used
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixes checkpatch.pl alignment warnings.
Signed-off-by: NSimon Sandström <simon@nikanor.nu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The ccree driver had its own FIPS support, complete with
a test harness comparable to crypto testmgr and an
implementation which disables crypto functionality on
FIPS test error detection, either in Linux or from TEE.

This patch removes the duplication, while reimplementing
the handling of TEE reported FIPS errors according to the
kernel policy of inducing a panic in such an event.
Signed-off-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Patch to fix following checkpatch error:
ERROR: switch and case should be at the same indent
Signed-off-by: NTyler Olivieri <sleepingzucchini@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Patch to fix following checkpatch warning:
WARNING: EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable
Signed-off-by: NTyler Olivieri <sleepingzucchini@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Patch to fix following checkpatch error:
ERROR: do not use assignment in if condition
Signed-off-by: NTyler Olivieri <sleepingzucchini@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Patch to fix checkpatch errors:
ERROR: that open brace { should be on the previous line
ERROR: open brace '{' following function declarations go on the next line
Signed-off-by: NTyler Olivieri <sleepingzucchini@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Patch to remove checkpatch warning:
WARNING: Statements terminations use 1 semicolon
Signed-off-by: NTyler Olivieri <sleepingzucchini@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fix the following checkpatch warning:

CHECK: Prefer kmalloc(sizeof(*buff_mgr_handle)...)
over kmalloc(sizeof(struct buff_mgr_handle)...)
Signed-off-by: NGustavo A. R. Silva <garsilva@embeddedor.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The assignment operator implicitly converts a void pointer to the type of the
pointer it is assigned to.

This issue was detected using Coccinelle and the following semantic patch:

@@
expression * e;
expression arg1, arg2;
type T;
@@

- e=(T*)
+ e=
kmalloc(arg1, arg2);
Signed-off-by: NGustavo A. R. Silva <garsilva@embeddedor.com>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fixed following checkpatch.pl warning:
	WARNING: Prefer using '"%s...", __func__' to using
the function's name, in a string

It is prefered to use '%s & __func__' instead of function
name for logging.
Signed-off-by: NKarthik Tummala <karthik@techveda.org>
Acked-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Pull documentation format standardization from Jonathan Corbet:
 "This series converts a number of top-level documents to the RST format
  without incorporating them into the Sphinx tree. The hope is to bring
  some uniformity to kernel documentation and, perhaps more importantly,
  have our existing docs serve as an example of the desired formatting
  for those that will be added later.

  Mauro has gone through and fixed up a lot of top-level documentation
  files to make them conform to the RST format, but without moving or
  renaming them in any way. This will help when we incorporate the ones
  we want to keep into the Sphinx doctree, but the real purpose is to
  bring a bit of uniformity to our documentation and let the top-level
  docs serve as examples for those writing new ones"

* tag 'standardize-docs' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (84 commits)
  docs: kprobes.txt: Fix whitespacing
  tee.txt: standardize document format
  cgroup-v2.txt: standardize document format
  dell_rbu.txt: standardize document format
  zorro.txt: standardize document format
  xz.txt: standardize document format
  xillybus.txt: standardize document format
  vfio.txt: standardize document format
  vfio-mediated-device.txt: standardize document format
  unaligned-memory-access.txt: standardize document format
  this_cpu_ops.txt: standardize document format
  svga.txt: standardize document format
  static-keys.txt: standardize document format
  smsc_ece1099.txt: standardize document format
  SM501.txt: standardize document format
  siphash.txt: standardize document format
  sgi-ioc4.txt: standardize document format
  SAK.txt: standardize document format
  rpmsg.txt: standardize document format
  robust-futexes.txt: standardize document format
  ...

Pull random updates from Ted Ts'o:
 "Add wait_for_random_bytes() and get_random_*_wait() functions so that
  callers can more safely get random bytes if they can block until the
  CRNG is initialized.

  Also print a warning if get_random_*() is called before the CRNG is
  initialized. By default, only one single-line warning will be printed
  per boot. If CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM is defined, then a
  warning will be printed for each function which tries to get random
  bytes before the CRNG is initialized. This can get spammy for certain
  architecture types, so it is not enabled by default"

* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
  random: reorder READ_ONCE() in get_random_uXX
  random: suppress spammy warnings about unseeded randomness
  random: warn when kernel uses unseeded randomness
  net/route: use get_random_int for random counter
  net/neighbor: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit hash random
  rhashtable: use get_random_u32 for hash_rnd
  ceph: ensure RNG is seeded before using
  iscsi: ensure RNG is seeded before use
  cifs: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit lock random
  random: add get_random_{bytes,u32,u64,int,long,once}_wait family
  random: add wait_for_random_bytes() API

Pull ->s_options removal from Al Viro:
 "Preparations for fsmount/fsopen stuff (coming next cycle). Everything
  gets moved to explicit ->show_options(), killing ->s_options off +
  some cosmetic bits around fs/namespace.c and friends. Basically, the
  stuff needed to work with fsmount series with minimum of conflicts
  with other work.

  It's not strictly required for this merge window, but it would reduce
  the PITA during the coming cycle, so it would be nice to have those
  bits and pieces out of the way"

* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  isofs: Fix isofs_show_options()
  VFS: Kill off s_options and helpers
  orangefs: Implement show_options
  9p: Implement show_options
  isofs: Implement show_options
  afs: Implement show_options
  affs: Implement show_options
  befs: Implement show_options
  spufs: Implement show_options
  bpf: Implement show_options
  ramfs: Implement show_options
  pstore: Implement show_options
  omfs: Implement show_options
  hugetlbfs: Implement show_options
  VFS: Don't use save/replace_mount_options if not using generic_show_options
  VFS: Provide empty name qstr
  VFS: Make get_filesystem() return the affected filesystem
  VFS: Clean up whitespace in fs/namespace.c and fs/super.c
  Provide a function to create a NUL-terminated string from unterminated data

Pull more __copy_.._user elimination from Al Viro.

* 'work.__copy_to_user' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  drm_dp_aux_dev: switch to read_iter/write_iter

Pull uacess-unaligned removal from Al Viro:
 "That stuff had just one user, and an exotic one, at that - binfmt_flat
  on arm and m68k"

* 'work.uaccess-unaligned' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  kill {__,}{get,put}_user_unaligned()
  binfmt_flat: flat_{get,put}_addr_from_rp() should be able to fail

Pull network field-by-field copy-in updates from Al Viro:
 "This part of the misc compat queue was held back for review from
  networking folks and since davem has jus ACKed those..."

* 'misc.compat' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  get_compat_bpf_fprog(): don't copyin field-by-field
  get_compat_msghdr(): get rid of field-by-field copyin
  copy_msghdr_from_user(): get rid of field-by-field copyin

Pull MIPS updates from Ralf Baechle:
 "Boston platform support:
   - Document DT bindings
   - Add CLK driver for board clocks

  CM:
   - Avoid per-core locking with CM3 & higher
   - WARN on attempt to lock invalid VP, not BUG

  CPS:
   - Select CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORTS_SCHED_SMT for MIPSr6
   - Prevent multi-core with dcache aliasing
   - Handle cores not powering down more gracefully
   - Handle spurious VP starts more gracefully

  DSP:
   - Add lwx & lhx missaligned access support

  eBPF:
   - Add MIPS support along with many supporting change to add the
     required infrastructure

  Generic arch code:
   - Misc sysmips MIPS_ATOMIC_SET fixes
   - Drop duplicate HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS
   - Negate error syscall return in trace
   - Correct forced syscall errors
   - Traced negative syscalls should return -ENOSYS
   - Allow samples/bpf/tracex5 to access syscall arguments for sane
     traces
   - Cleanup from old Kconfig options in defconfigs
   - Fix PREF instruction usage by memcpy for MIPS R6
   - Fix various special cases in the FPU eulation
   - Fix some special cases in MIPS16e2 support
   - Fix MIPS I ISA /proc/cpuinfo reporting
   - Sort MIPS Kconfig alphabetically
   - Fix minimum alignment requirement of IRQ stack as required by
     ABI / GCC
   - Fix special cases in the module loader
   - Perform post-DMA cache flushes on systems with MAARs
   - Probe the I6500 CPU
   - Cleanup cmpxchg and add support for 1 and 2 byte operations
   - Use queued read/write locks (qrwlock)
   - Use queued spinlocks (qspinlock)
   - Add CPU shared FTLB feature detection
   - Handle tlbex-tlbp race condition
   - Allow storing pgd in C0_CONTEXT for MIPSr6
   - Use current_cpu_type() in m4kc_tlbp_war()
   - Support Boston in the generic kernel

  Generic platform:
   - yamon-dt: Pull YAMON DT shim code out of SEAD-3 board
   - yamon-dt: Support > 256MB of RAM
   - yamon-dt: Use serial* rather than uart* aliases
   - Abstract FDT fixup application
   - Set RTC_ALWAYS_BCD to 0
   - Add a MAINTAINERS entry

  core kernel:
   - qspinlock.c: include linux/prefetch.h

  Loongson 3:
   - Add support

  Perf:
   - Add I6500 support

  SEAD-3:
   - Remove GIC timer from DT
   - Set interrupt-parent per-device, not at root node
   - Fix GIC interrupt specifiers

  SMP:
   - Skip IPI setup if we only have a single CPU

  VDSO:
   - Make comment match reality
   - Improvements to time code in VDSO"

* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus: (86 commits)
  locking/qspinlock: Include linux/prefetch.h
  MIPS: Fix MIPS I ISA /proc/cpuinfo reporting
  MIPS: Fix minimum alignment requirement of IRQ stack
  MIPS: generic: Support MIPS Boston development boards
  MIPS: DTS: img: Don't attempt to build-in all .dtb files
  clk: boston: Add a driver for MIPS Boston board clocks
  dt-bindings: Document img,boston-clock binding
  MIPS: Traced negative syscalls should return -ENOSYS
  MIPS: Correct forced syscall errors
  MIPS: Negate error syscall return in trace
  MIPS: Drop duplicate HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS select
  MIPS16e2: Provide feature overrides for non-MIPS16 systems
  MIPS: MIPS16e2: Report ASE presence in /proc/cpuinfo
  MIPS: MIPS16e2: Subdecode extended LWSP/SWSP instructions
  MIPS: MIPS16e2: Identify ASE presence
  MIPS: VDSO: Fix a mismatch between comment and preprocessor constant
  MIPS: VDSO: Add implementation of gettimeofday() fallback
  MIPS: VDSO: Add implementation of clock_gettime() fallback
  MIPS: VDSO: Fix conversions in do_monotonic()/do_monotonic_coarse()
  MIPS: Use current_cpu_type() in m4kc_tlbp_war()
  ...

Pull UML updates from Richard Weinberger:
 "Mostly fixes for UML:

   - First round of fixes for PTRACE_GETRESET/SETREGSET

   - A printf vs printk cleanup

   - Minor improvements"

* 'for-linus-4.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/uml:
  um: Correctly check for PTRACE_GETRESET/SETREGSET
  um: v2: Use generic NOTES macro
  um: Add kerneldoc for userspace_tramp() and start_userspace()
  um: Add kerneldoc for segv_handler
  um: stub-data.h: remove superfluous include
  um: userspace - be more verbose in ptrace set regs error
  um: add dummy ioremap and iounmap functions
  um: Allow building and running on older hosts
  um: Avoid longjmp/setjmp symbol clashes with libpthread.a
  um: console: Ignore console= option
  um: Use os_warn to print out pre-boot warning/error messages
  um: Add os_warn() for pre-boot warning/error messages
  um: Use os_info for the messages on normal path
  um: Add os_info() for pre-boot information messages
  um: Use printk instead of printf in make_uml_dir

Pull UBIFS updates from Richard Weinberger:

 - Updates and fixes for the file encryption mode

 - Minor improvements

 - Random fixes

* tag 'upstream-4.13-rc1' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-ubifs:
  ubifs: Set double hash cookie also for RENAME_EXCHANGE
  ubifs: Massage assert in ubifs_xattr_set() wrt. init_xattrs
  ubifs: Don't leak kernel memory to the MTD
  ubifs: Change gfp flags in page allocation for bulk read
  ubifs: Fix oops when remounting with no_bulk_read.
  ubifs: Fail commit if TNC is obviously inconsistent
  ubifs: allow userspace to map mounts to volumes
  ubifs: Wire-up statx() support
  ubifs: Remove dead code from ubifs_get_link()
  ubifs: Massage debug prints wrt. fscrypt
  ubifs: Add assert to dent_key_init()
  ubifs: Fix unlink code wrt. double hash lookups
  ubifs: Fix data node size for truncating uncompressed nodes
  ubifs: Don't encrypt special files on creation
  ubifs: Fix memory leak in RENAME_WHITEOUT error path in do_rename
  ubifs: Fix inode data budget in ubifs_mknod
  ubifs: Correctly evict xattr inodes
  ubifs: Unexport ubifs_inode_slab
  ubifs: don't bother checking for encryption key in ->mmap()
  ubifs: require key for truncate(2) of encrypted file

Pull more KVM updates from Radim Krčmář:
 "Second batch of KVM updates for v4.13

  Common:
   - add uevents for VM creation/destruction
   - annotate and properly access RCU-protected objects

  s390:
   - rename IOCTL added in the first v4.13 merge

  x86:
   - emulate VMLOAD VMSAVE feature in SVM
   - support paravirtual asynchronous page fault while nested
   - add Hyper-V userspace interfaces for better migration
   - improve master clock corner cases
   - extend internal error reporting after EPT misconfig
   - correct single-stepping of emulated instructions in SVM
   - handle MCE during VM entry
   - fix nVMX VM entry checks and nVMX VMCS shadowing"

* tag 'kvm-4.13-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (28 commits)
  kvm: x86: hyperv: make VP_INDEX managed by userspace
  KVM: async_pf: Let guest support delivery of async_pf from guest mode
  KVM: async_pf: Force a nested vmexit if the injected #PF is async_pf
  KVM: async_pf: Add L1 guest async_pf #PF vmexit handler
  KVM: x86: Simplify kvm_x86_ops->queue_exception parameter list
  kvm: x86: hyperv: add KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC2
  KVM: x86: make backwards_tsc_observed a per-VM variable
  KVM: trigger uevents when creating or destroying a VM
  KVM: SVM: Enable Virtual VMLOAD VMSAVE feature
  KVM: SVM: Add Virtual VMLOAD VMSAVE feature definition
  KVM: SVM: Rename lbr_ctl field in the vmcb control area
  KVM: SVM: Prepare for new bit definition in lbr_ctl
  KVM: SVM: handle singlestep exception when skipping emulated instructions
  KVM: x86: take slots_lock in kvm_free_pit
  KVM: s390: Fix KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS ioctl definition
  kvm: vmx: Properly handle machine check during VM-entry
  KVM: x86: update master clock before computing kvmclock_offset
  kvm: nVMX: Shadow "high" parts of shadowed 64-bit VMCS fields
  kvm: nVMX: Fix nested_vmx_check_msr_bitmap_controls
  kvm: nVMX: Validate the I/O bitmaps on nested VM-entry
  ...

Avoid the READ_ONCE in commit 4a072c71 ("random: silence compiler
warnings and fix race") if we can leave the function after
arch_get_random_XXX().

Cc: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

Unfortunately, on some models of some architectures getting a fully
seeded CRNG is extremely difficult, and so this can result in dmesg
getting spammed for a surprisingly long time.  This is really bad from
a security perspective, and so architecture maintainers really need to
do what they can to get the CRNG seeded sooner after the system is
booted.  However, users can't do anything actionble to address this,
and spamming the kernel messages log will only just annoy people.

For developers who want to work on improving this situation,
CONFIG_WARN_UNSEEDED_RANDOM has been renamed to
CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM.  By default the kernel will always
print the first use of unseeded randomness.  This way, hopefully the
security obsessed will be happy that there is _some_ indication when
the kernel boots there may be a potential issue with that architecture
or subarchitecture.  To see all uses of unseeded randomness,
developers can enable CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM.
Signed-off-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

Pull XFS fixes from Darrick Wong:
 "Largely debugging and regression fixes.

   - Add some locking assertions for the _ilock helpers.

   - Revert the XFS_QMOPT_NOLOCK patch; after discussion with hch the
     online fsck patch that would have needed it has been redesigned and
     no longer needs it.

   - Fix behavioral regression of SEEK_HOLE/DATA with negative offsets
     to match 4.12-era XFS behavior"

* tag 'xfs-4.13-merge-6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
  vfs: in iomap seek_{hole,data}, return -ENXIO for negative offsets
  Revert "xfs: grab dquots without taking the ilock"
  xfs: assert locking precondition in xfs_readlink_bmap_ilocked
  xfs: assert locking precondіtion in xfs_attr_list_int_ilocked
  xfs: fixup xfs_attr_get_ilocked

Pull btrfs fixes from David Sterba:
 "We've identified and fixed a silent corruption (introduced by code in
  the first pull), a fixup after the blk_status_t merge and two fixes to
  incremental send that Filipe has been hunting for some time"

* 'for-4.13-part2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux:
  Btrfs: fix unexpected return value of bio_readpage_error
  btrfs: btrfs_create_repair_bio never fails, skip error handling
  btrfs: cloned bios must not be iterated by bio_for_each_segment_all
  Btrfs: fix write corruption due to bio cloning on raid5/6
  Btrfs: incremental send, fix invalid memory access
  Btrfs: incremental send, fix invalid path for link commands