setpriority(PRIO_USER, 0, x) will change the priority of tasks outside of
the current pid namespace.  This is in contrast to both the other modes of
setpriority and the example of kill(-1).  Fix this.  getpriority and
ioprio have the same failure mode, fix them too.

Eric said:

: After some more thinking about it this patch sounds justifiable.
:
: My goal with namespaces is not to build perfect isolation mechanisms
: as that can get into ill defined territory, but to build well defined
: mechanisms.  And to handle the corner cases so you can use only
: a single namespace with well defined results.
:
: In this case you have found the two interfaces I am aware of that
: identify processes by uid instead of by pid.  Which quite frankly is
: weird.  Unfortunately the weird unexpected cases are hard to handle
: in the usual way.
:
: I was hoping for a little more information.  Changes like this one we
: have to be careful of because someone might be depending on the current
: behavior.  I don't think they are and I do think this make sense as part
: of the pid namespace.
Signed-off-by: NBen Segall <bsegall@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Ambrose Feinstein <ambrose@google.com>
Acked-by: N"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kexec output message misses the prefix "kexec", when Dave Young split the
kexec code.  Now, we use file name as the output message prefix.

Currently, the format of output message:
[  140.290795] SYSC_kexec_load: hello, world
[  140.291534] kexec: sanity_check_segment_list: hello, world

Ideally, the format of output message:
[   30.791503] kexec: SYSC_kexec_load, Hello, world
[   79.182752] kexec_core: sanity_check_segment_list, Hello, world

Remove the custom prefix "kexec" in output message.
Signed-off-by: NMinfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NDave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since 5cec38ac ("fs, seq_file: fallback to vmalloc instead of oom kill
processes") seq_buf_alloc() avoids calling the oom killer for PAGE_SIZE or
smaller allocations; but larger allocations can use the oom killer via
vmalloc().  Thus reads of small files can return ENOMEM, but larger files
use the oom killer to avoid ENOMEM.

The effect of this bug is that reads from /proc and other virtual
filesystems can return ENOMEM instead of the preferred behavior - oom
killing something (possibly the calling process).  I don't know of anyone
except Google who has noticed the issue.

I suspect the fix is more needed in smaller systems where there isn't any
reclaimable memory.  But these seem like the kinds of systems which
probably don't use the oom killer for production situations.

Memory overcommit requires use of the oom killer to select a victim
regardless of file size.

Enable oom killer for small seq_buf_alloc() allocations.

Fixes: 5cec38ac ("fs, seq_file: fallback to vmalloc instead of oom kill processes")
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

strint_escape_str() escapes input string by given criteria.  In case of
seq_escape() the criteria is to convert some characters to their octal
representation.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This improves code readability.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Change zap_threads() paths to use for_each_thread() rather than
while_each_thread().

While at it, change zap_threads() to avoid the nested if's to make the
code more readable and lessen the indentation.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Kyle Walker <kwalker@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Stanislav Kozina <skozina@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

task_will_free_mem() is wrong in many ways, and in particular the
SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP check is not reliable: a task can participate in the
coredumping without SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP bit set.

change zap_threads() paths to always set SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP even if
other CLONE_VM processes can't react to SIGKILL.  Fortunately, at least
oom-kill case if fine; it kills all tasks sharing the same mm, so it
should also kill the process which actually dumps the core.

The change in prepare_signal() is not strictly necessary, it just ensures
that the patch does not bring another subtle behavioural change.  But it
reminds us that this SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT/COREDUMP case needs more changes.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Kyle Walker <kwalker@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Stanislav Kozina <skozina@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

jffs2_garbage_collect_thread() does allow_signal(SIGCONT) for no reason,
SIGCONT will wake a stopped task up even if it is ignored.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Markus Pargmann <mpa@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

jffs2_garbage_collect_thread() can race with SIGCONT and sleep in
TASK_STOPPED state after it was already sent. Add the new helper,
kernel_signal_stop(), which does this correctly.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Markus Pargmann <mpa@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

1. Rename dequeue_signal_lock() to kernel_dequeue_signal(). This
   matches another "for kthreads only" kernel_sigaction() helper.

2. Remove the "tsk" and "mask" arguments, they are always current
   and current->blocked. And it is simply wrong if tsk != current.

3. We could also remove the 3rd "siginfo_t *info" arg but it looks
   potentially useful. However we can simplify the callers if we
   change kernel_dequeue_signal() to accept info => NULL.

4. Remove _irqsave, it is never called from atomic context.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Markus Pargmann <mpa@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It is hardly possible to enumerate all problems with block_all_signals()
and unblock_all_signals().  Just for example,

1. block_all_signals(SIGSTOP/etc) simply can't help if the caller is
   multithreaded. Another thread can dequeue the signal and force the
   group stop.

2. Even is the caller is single-threaded, it will "stop" anyway. It
   will not sleep, but it will spin in kernel space until SIGCONT or
   SIGKILL.

And a lot more. In short, this interface doesn't work at all, at least
the last 10+ years.

Daniel said:

  Yeah the only times I played around with the DRM_LOCK stuff was when
  old drivers accidentally deadlocked - my impression is that the entire
  DRM_LOCK thing was never really tested properly ;-) Hence I'm all for
  purging where this leaks out of the drm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Acked-by: NDave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Some false positive warnings are reported for powerpc build.

The following warnings are reported in
 http://kisskb.ellerman.id.au/kisskb/buildresult/12519703/

   CC      fs/nilfs2/super.o
 fs/nilfs2/super.c: In function 'nilfs_resize_fs':
 fs/nilfs2/super.c:376:2: warning: 'blocknr' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized]
 fs/nilfs2/super.c:362:11: note: 'blocknr' was declared here
   CC      fs/nilfs2/recovery.o
 fs/nilfs2/recovery.c: In function 'nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs':
 fs/nilfs2/recovery.c:631:21: warning: 'sum' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized]
 fs/nilfs2/recovery.c:585:32: note: 'sum' was declared here
 fs/nilfs2/recovery.c: In function 'nilfs_search_super_root':
 fs/nilfs2/recovery.c:873:11: warning: 'sum' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized]

Another similar warning is reported in
 http://kisskb.ellerman.id.au/kisskb/buildresult/12520079/

   CC      fs/nilfs2/btree.o
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c: In function 'nilfs_btree_convert_and_insert':
 include/asm-generic/bitops/non-atomic.h:105:20: warning: 'bh' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized]
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c:1859:22: note: 'bh' was declared here

This cleans out these warnings by forcing the variables to be initialized.
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Reported-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the following build warnings:

 $ make W=1
 [...]
   CC [M]  fs/nilfs2/btree.o
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c: In function 'nilfs_btree_split':
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c:923:8: warning: variable 'newptr' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   __u64 newptr;
         ^
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c:922:8: warning: variable 'newkey' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   __u64 newkey;
         ^
   CC [M]  fs/nilfs2/dat.o
 fs/nilfs2/dat.c: In function 'nilfs_dat_prepare_end':
 fs/nilfs2/dat.c:158:8: warning: variable 'start' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   __u64 start;
         ^
   CC [M]  fs/nilfs2/segment.o
 fs/nilfs2/segment.c: In function 'nilfs_segctor_do_immediate_flush':
 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:2433:6: warning: variable 'err' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   int err;
       ^
   CC [M]  fs/nilfs2/sufile.o
 fs/nilfs2/sufile.c: In function 'nilfs_sufile_alloc':
 fs/nilfs2/sufile.c:320:27: warning: variable 'ncleansegs' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   unsigned long nsegments, ncleansegs, nsus, cnt;
                            ^
   CC [M]  fs/nilfs2/alloc.o
 fs/nilfs2/alloc.c: In function 'nilfs_palloc_prepare_alloc_entry':
 fs/nilfs2/alloc.c:478:38: warning: variable 'groups_per_desc_block' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   unsigned long n, entries_per_group, groups_per_desc_block;
                                       ^
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This adds header file "include/trace/events/nilfs2.h" to maintainer-ship
of nilfs2 so that updates to the nilfs2 header file go to the mailing list
of nilfs2.
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Hitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch adds tracepoints for analyzing requests of reading and writing
metadata files.  The tracepoints cover every in-place mdt files (cpfile,
sufile, and datfile).

Example of tracing mdt_insert_new_block():
              cp-14635 [000] ...1 30598.199309: nilfs2_mdt_insert_new_block: inode = ffff88022a8d0178 ino = 3 block = 155
              cp-14635 [000] ...1 30598.199520: nilfs2_mdt_insert_new_block: inode = ffff88022a8d0178 ino = 3 block = 5
              cp-14635 [000] ...1 30598.200828: nilfs2_mdt_insert_new_block: inode = ffff88022a8d0178 ino = 3 block = 253
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: TK Kato <TK.Kato@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch adds tracepoints which would be useful for analyzing segment
usage from a perspective of high level sufile manipulation (check, alloc,
free).  sufile is an important in-place updated metadata file, so
analyzing the behavior would be useful for performance turning.

example of usage (a case of allocation):

$ sudo bin/tpoint nilfs2:nilfs2_segment_usage_allocated
Tracing nilfs2:nilfs2_segment_usage_allocated. Ctrl-C to end.
        segctord-17800 [002] ...1 10671.867294: nilfs2_segment_usage_allocated: sufile = ffff880054f908a8 segnum = 2
        segctord-17800 [002] ...1 10675.073477: nilfs2_segment_usage_allocated: sufile = ffff880054f908a8 segnum = 3
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Benixon Dhas <benixon.dhas@wdc.com>
Cc: TK Kato <TK.Kato@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch adds a tracepoint for transaction events of nilfs.  With the
tracepoint, these events can be tracked: begin, abort, commit, trylock,
lock, and unlock.  Basically, these events have corresponding functions
e.g.  begin event corresponds nilfs_transaction_begin().  The unlock event
is an exception.  It corresponds to the iteration in
nilfs_transaction_lock().

Only one tracepoint is introcued: nilfs2_transaction_transition.  The
above events are distinguished with newly introduced enum.  With this
tracepoint, we can analyse a critical section of segment constructoin.

Sample output by tpoint of perf-tools:
              cp-4457  [000] ...1    63.266220: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800bf5ccc58 count = 1 flags = 9 state = BEGIN
              cp-4457  [000] ...1    63.266221: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800bf5ccc58 count = 0 flags = 9 state = COMMIT
              cp-4457  [000] ...1    63.266221: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800bf5ccc58 count = 0 flags = 9 state = COMMIT
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1    68.261196: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 0 flags = 10 state = TRYLOCK
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1    68.261280: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 0 flags = 10 state = LOCK
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1    68.261877: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 1 flags = 10 state = BEGIN
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1    68.262116: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 0 flags = 18 state = COMMIT
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1    68.265032: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 0 flags = 18 state = UNLOCK
        segctord-4371  [001] ...1   132.376847: nilfs2_transaction_transition: sb = ffff8802112b8800 ti = ffff8800b889bdf8 count = 0 flags = 10 state = TRYLOCK

This patch also does trivial cleaning of comma usage in collection stage
transition event for consistent coding style.
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch adds a tracepoint for tracking stage transition of block
collection in segment construction.  With the tracepoint, we can analysis
the behavior of segment construction in depth.  It would be useful for
bottleneck detection and debugging, etc.

The tracepoint is created with the standard trace API of linux (like ext3,
ext4, f2fs and btrfs).  So we can analysis with existing tools easily.  Of
course, more detailed analysis will be possible if we can create nilfs
specific analysis tools.

Below is an example of event dump with Brendan Gregg's perf-tools
(https://github.com/brendangregg/perf-tools).  Time consumption between
each stage can be obtained.

$ sudo bin/tpoint nilfs2:nilfs2_collection_stage_transition
Tracing nilfs2:nilfs2_collection_stage_transition. Ctrl-C to end.
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.067794: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_INIT
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068139: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_GC
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068139: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_FILE
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068486: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_IFILE
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068540: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_CPFILE
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068561: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_SUFILE
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068565: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_DAT
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068573: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_SR
        segctord-14875 [003] ...1 28311.068574: nilfs2_collection_stage_transition: sci = ffff8800ce6de000 stage = ST_DONE

For capturing transition correctly, this patch adds wrappers for the
member scnt of nilfs_cstage.  With this change, every transition of the
stage can produce trace event in a correct manner.
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <mitake.hitoshi@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As a nilfs2 volume ages, the amount of available disk space decreases
little by little due to bloat of DAT (disk address translation) metadata
file.  Even if we delete all files in a file system and free their block
addresses from the DAT file through a garbage collection, empty DAT blocks
are not freed.

This fixes the issue by extending the deallocator of block addresses so
that empty data blocks and empty bitmap blocks of DAT are deleted.

The following comparison shows the effect of this patch.  Each shows disk
amount information of a nilfs2 volume that we cleaned out by deleting all
files and running gc after having filled 90% of its capacity.

Before:
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      500105212  3022844 472072192   1% /test

After:
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      500105212    16380 475078656   1% /test
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This adds delete functions for data blocks of metadata files using bitmap
based allocator.  nilfs_palloc_delete_entry_block() deletes an entry block
(e.g.  block storing dat entries), and nilfs_palloc_delete_bitmap_block()
deletes a bitmap block, respectively.

These helpers are intended to be used in the successive change on
deallocator of block addresses ("nilfs2: free unused dat file blocks
during garbage collection").
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This unfolds nilfs_palloc_group_is_in() helper function into
nilfs_palloc_freev() function to simplify a range check and an index
calculation repeatedy performed in a loop of the function.
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The current implementation of nilfs_palloc_find_available_slot() function
is overkill.  The underlying bit search routine is well optimized, so this
uses it more simply in nilfs_palloc_find_available_slot().
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In the bitmap based allocator implementation, nilfs_mdt_bgl_lock() helper
is frequently used to get a spinlock protecting a target block group.
This reduces its usage and simplifies arguments of some related functions
by directly passing a pointer to the spinlock.
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This uses nilfs_warning() to replace "printk(KERN_WARNING ...);" in the
bitmap based allocator implementation of nilfs2.  The warning messages are
modified to include the device name and the inode number in each message.
This makes it clear which metadata file of which device has output
warnings such as "entry number xxxx already freed".
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove unneeded NULL test.

The semantic patch that makes this change is as follows:
(http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)

// <smpl>
@@ expression x; @@
-if (x != NULL)
  \(kmem_cache_destroy\|mempool_destroy\|dma_pool_destroy\)(x);
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: NJulia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Global and static variables don't need to be initialized to 0.

There is already a test for this but the output message doesn't
mention booleans initialized to false.

Improve the output message and the test by adding various forms
with possible specific integer types and possible multiple zeros.

Miscellanea:

o Use a variable to hold the possible 0 test
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NShailendra Verma <shailendra.v@samsung.com>
Tested-by: NShailendra Verma <shailendra.v@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Including BUG and stack dumps in commit logs makes checkpatch produce some
false positive warning messages.

checkpatch has multiple types of false positives:

o Commit message lines > 75 chars
o Stack dump address are mistaken for git commit IDs
o Link: and Fixes: lines are allowed to be > 75 chars.
o Fixes: style doesn't require ("<commit_description>")
  parentheses and double quotes like other uses of
  git commit ID and description.

Fix these.

Miscellanea:

o Move the test for checking $commit_log_possible_stack_dump
  above the test for a long line commit message
o Add test for hex address surrounded by square or angle brackets
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: NStephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is a classical off-by-one error in case when we try to place, for
example, 1+1 bytes as hex in the buffer of size 6.  The expected result is
to get an output truncated, but in the reality we get 6 bytes filed
followed by terminating NUL.

Change the logic how we fill the output in case of byte dumping into
limited space.  This will follow the snprintf() behaviour by truncating
output even on half bytes.

Fixes: 114fc1af (hexdump: make it return number of bytes placed in buffer)
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: NAaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@nokia.com>
Tested-by: NAaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@nokia.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

I noticed that commit a20135ff ("writeback: don't drain
bdi_writeback_congested on bdi destruction") added a usage of
rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() in mm/backing-dev.c which appears
to try to rb_erase() elements from an rbtree while iterating over it using
rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe().

Doing this will cause random nodes to be missed by the iteration because
rb_erase() may rebalance the tree, changing the ordering that we're trying
to iterate over.

The previous documentation for rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe()
wasn't clear that this wasn't allowed, it was taken from the docs for
list_for_each_entry_safe(), where erasing isn't a problem due to
list_del() not reordering.

Explicitly warn developers about this potential pit-fall.

Note that I haven't fixed the actual issue that (it appears) the commit
referenced above introduced (not familiar enough with that code).

In general (and in this case), the patterns to follow are:
 - switch to rb_first() + rb_erase(), don't use
   rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe().
 - keep the postorder iteration and don't rb_erase() at all. Instead
   just clear the fields of rb_node & cgwb_congested_tree as required by
   other users of those structures.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comments]
Signed-off-by: NCody P Schafer <dev@codyps.com>
Cc: John de la Garza <john@jjdev.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Change current_is_single_threaded() to use for_each_thread() rather than
deprecated while_each_thread().
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Sometimes kobject_set_name_vargs is called with a format string conaining
no %, or a format string of precisely "%s", where the single vararg
happens to point to .rodata.  kvasprintf_const detects these cases for us
and returns a copy of that pointer instead of duplicating the string, thus
saving some run-time memory.  Otherwise, it falls back to kvasprintf.  We
just need to always deallocate ->name using kfree_const.

Unfortunately, the dance we need to do to perform the '/' -> '!'
sanitization makes the resulting code rather ugly.

I instrumented kstrdup_const to provide some statistics on the memory
saved, and for me this gave an additional ~14KB after boot (306KB was
already saved; this patch bumped that to 320KB).  I have
KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW==3, and since 80% of the kvasprintf_const hits were
satisfied by an 8-byte allocation, the 14K would roughly be quadrupled
when KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW==5.  Whether these numbers are sufficient to
justify the ugliness I'll leave to others to decide.
Signed-off-by: NRasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This adds kvasprintf_const which tries to use kstrdup_const if possible:
If the format string contains no % characters, or if the format string is
exactly "%s", we delegate to kstrdup_const.  Otherwise, we fall back to
kvasprintf.

Just as for kstrdup_const, the main motivation is to save memory by
reusing .rodata when possible.

The return value should be freed by kfree_const, just like for
kstrdup_const.

There is deliberately no kasprintf_const: In the vast majority of cases,
the format string argument is a literal, so one can determine statically
whether one could instead use kstrdup_const directly (which would also
require one to change all corresponding kfree calls to kfree_const).
Signed-off-by: NRasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

llist_del_first reads entry->next, but it did not acquire visibility over
the entry node.  As the result it can get a stale value of entry->next
(e.g.  NULL or whatever garbage was there before the appending thread
wrote correct value).  And then commit that value as llist head with
cmpxchg.  That will corrupt llist.

Note there is a control-dependency between read of head->first and read of
entry->next, but it does not make the code correct.  Kernel memory model
unambiguously says: "A load-load control dependency requires a full read
memory barrier".

Use smp_load_acquire to acquire visibility over the entry node.

The data race was found with KernelThreadSanitizer (KTSAN).

Here is an example of KTSAN report:

ThreadSanitizer: data-race in llist_del_first

Read of size 1 by thread T389 (K2630, CPU0):
 [<ffffffff8156b8a9>] llist_del_first+0x39/0x70 lib/llist.c:74
 [<     inlined    >] tty_buffer_alloc drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c:181
 [<ffffffff81664af4>] __tty_buffer_request_room+0xb4/0x250 drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c:292
 [<ffffffff81664e6c>] tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag+0x6c/0x150 drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c:337
 [<     inlined    >] tty_insert_flip_string include/linux/tty_flip.h:35
 [<ffffffff81667422>] pty_write+0x72/0xc0 drivers/tty/pty.c:110
 [<     inlined    >] process_output_block drivers/tty/n_tty.c:611
 [<ffffffff8165c016>] n_tty_write+0x346/0x7f0 drivers/tty/n_tty.c:2401
 [<     inlined    >] do_tty_write drivers/tty/tty_io.c:1159
 [<ffffffff816568df>] tty_write+0x21f/0x3f0 drivers/tty/tty_io.c:1245
 [<ffffffff8125f00f>] __vfs_write+0x5f/0x1f0 fs/read_write.c:489
 [<ffffffff8125ff8f>] vfs_write+0xef/0x280 fs/read_write.c:538
 [<     inlined    >] SYSC_write fs/read_write.c:585
 [<ffffffff81261390>] SyS_write+0x70/0xe0 fs/read_write.c:577
 [<ffffffff81ee862e>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x71 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:186

Previous write of size 8 by thread T226 (K761, CPU0):
 [<ffffffff8156b832>] llist_add_batch+0x32/0x70 lib/llist.c:44 (discriminator 16)
 [<     inlined    >] llist_add include/linux/llist.h:180
 [<ffffffff816649fc>] tty_buffer_free+0x6c/0xb0 drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c:221
 [<ffffffff816651e7>] flush_to_ldisc+0x107/0x300 drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c:514
 [<ffffffff810b20ee>] process_one_work+0x47e/0x930 kernel/workqueue.c:2036
 [<ffffffff810b2650>] worker_thread+0xb0/0x900 kernel/workqueue.c:2170
 [<ffffffff810bbe20>] kthread+0x150/0x170 kernel/kthread.c:209
 [<ffffffff81ee8a1f>] ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:526
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add a couple of simple tests for string_get_size().  The last one will
hang the kernel without the 'lib/string_helpers.c: fix infinite loop in
string_get_size()' fix.
Signed-off-by: NVitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Odin.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

<linux/bitops.h> provides rol32() inline function, let's use already
predefined function instead of direct expression.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NMartin Kepplinger <martin.kepplinger@theobroma-systems.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@st.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NMartin Kepplinger <martin.kepplinger@theobroma-systems.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@st.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Months back, this was discussed, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/1/18/289
The result was the 64-bit version being "likely fine", "valuable" and
"correct".  The discussion fell asleep but since there are possible users,
let's add it.
Signed-off-by: NMartin Kepplinger <martin.kepplinger@theobroma-systems.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@st.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It is often overlooked that sign_extend32(), despite its name, is safe to
use for 16 and 8 bit types as well.  This should help prevent sign
extension being done manually some other way.
Signed-off-by: NMartin Kepplinger <martin.kepplinger@theobroma-systems.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@st.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the missing extcon directory to maintain them.  When using
get_maintainer.pl, the result should include the correct maintainer
information.
Signed-off-by: NChanwoo Choi <cw00.choi@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>