Existing KVM statistics are either just counters (kvm_stat) reported for
KVM generally or trace based aproaches like kvm_trace.
For KVM on powerpc we had the need to track the timings of the different exit
types. While this could be achieved parsing data created with a kvm_trace
extension this adds too much overhead (at least on embedded PowerPC) slowing
down the workloads we wanted to measure.

Therefore this patch adds a in-kernel exit timing statistic to the powerpc kvm
code. These statistic is available per vm&vcpu under the kvm debugfs directory.
As this statistic is low, but still some overhead it can be enabled via a
.config entry and should be off by default.

Since this patch touched all powerpc kvm_stat code anyway this code is now
merged and simplified together with the exit timing statistic code (still
working with exit timing disabled in .config).
Signed-off-by: NChristian Ehrhardt <ehrhardt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

Store shadow TLB entries in memory, but only use it on host context switch
(instead of every guest entry). This improves performance for most workloads on
440 by reducing the guest TLB miss rate.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

Formerly, we used to maintain a per-vcpu shadow TLB and on every entry to the
guest would load this array into the hardware TLB. This consumed 1280 bytes of
memory (64 entries of 16 bytes plus a struct page pointer each), and also
required some assembly to loop over the array on every entry.

Instead of saving a copy in memory, we can just store shadow mappings directly
into the hardware TLB, accepting that the host kernel will clobber these as
part of the normal 440 TLB round robin. When we do that we need less than half
the memory, and we have decreased the exit handling time for all guest exits,
at the cost of increased number of TLB misses because the host overwrites some
guest entries.

These savings will be increased on processors with larger TLBs or which
implement intelligent flush instructions like tlbivax (which will avoid the
need to walk arrays in software).

In addition to that and to the code simplification, we have a greater chance of
leaving other host userspace mappings in the TLB, instead of forcing all
subsequent tasks to re-fault all their mappings.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

KVM on 440 has always been able to handle large guest mappings with 4K host
pages -- we must, since the guest kernel uses 256MB mappings.

This patch makes KVM work when the host has large pages too (tested with 64K).
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

We used to defer invalidating userspace TLB entries until jumping out of the
kernel. This was causing MMU weirdness most easily triggered by using a pipe in
the guest, e.g. "dmesg | tail". I believe the problem was that after the guest
kernel changed the PID (part of context switch), the old process's mappings
were still present, and so copy_to_user() on the "return to new process" path
ended up using stale mappings.

Testing with large pages (64K) exposed the problem, probably because with 4K
pages, pressure on the TLB faulted all process A's mappings out before the
guest kernel could insert any for process B.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

Bare metal Linux on 440 can "overmap" RAM in the kernel linear map, so that it
can use large (256MB) mappings even if memory isn't a multiple of 256MB. To
prevent the hardware prefetcher from loading from an invalid physical address
through that mapping, it's marked Guarded.

However, KVM must ensure that all guest mappings are backed by real physical
RAM (since a deliberate access through a guarded mapping could still cause a
machine check). Accordingly, we don't need to make our mappings guarded, so
let's allow prefetching as the designers intended.

Curiously this patch didn't affect performance at all on the quick test I
tried, but it's clearly the right thing to do anyways and may improve other
workloads.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

We have an accessor; might as well use it.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

This patch doesn't yet move all 44x-specific data into the new structure, but
is the first step down that path. In the future we may also want to create a
struct kvm_vcpu_booke.

Based on patch from Liu Yu <yu.liu@freescale.com>.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

Cores provide 3 emulation hooks, implemented for example in the new
4xx_emulate.c:
kvmppc_core_emulate_op
kvmppc_core_emulate_mtspr
kvmppc_core_emulate_mfspr

Strictly speaking the last two aren't necessary, but provide for more
informative error reporting ("unknown SPR").

Long term I'd like to have instruction decoding autogenerated from tables of
opcodes, and that way we could aggregate universal, Book E, and core-specific
instructions more easily and without redundant switch statements.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

This will ease ports to other cores.

Also remove unused "struct kvm_tlb" while we're at it.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

This will make it easier to provide implementations for other cores.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

When the VM exits, we must call put_page() for every page referenced in the
shadow TLB.

Without this patch, we usually leak 30-50 host pages (120 - 200 KiB with 4 KiB
pages). The maximum number of pages leaked is the size of our shadow TLB, 64
pages.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

Convert gfn_to_pfn to use get_user_pages_fast, which can do lockless
pagetable lookups on x86. Kernel compilation on 4-way guest is 3.7%
faster on VMX.
Signed-off-by: NMarcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

And it gets in the way of get_user_pages_fast().
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

When we use TID=N userspace mappings, we must ensure that kernel mappings have
been destroyed when entering userspace. Using TID=1/TID=0 for kernel/user
mappings and running userspace with PID=0 means that userspace can't access the
kernel mappings, but the kernel can directly access userspace.

The net is that we don't need to flush the TLB on privilege switches, but we do
on guest context switches (which are far more infrequent). Guest boot time
performance improvement: about 30%.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

Track which TLB entries need to be written, instead of overwriting everything
below the high water mark. Typically only a single guest TLB entry will be
modified in a single exit.

Guest boot time performance improvement: about 15%.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

This patch adds trace points to track powerpc TLB activities using the
KVM_TRACE infrastructure.
Signed-off-by: NJerone Young <jyoung5@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Ehrhardt <ehrhardt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

When guest invalidates a large tlb map, there may be more than one
corresponding shadow tlb maps that need to be invalidated. Use eaddr and eend
to find these shadow tlb maps.
Signed-off-by: NLiu Yu <yu.liu@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

This code shouldn't be hit anyways, but when it is, it's useful to have a
little more information about the failure.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

gfn_to_page() and kvm_release_page_clean() are called from other contexts with
mmap_sem locked only for reading.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

We're not calling kmap() now, so we shouldn't call kunmap() either. This has no
practical effect in the non-highmem case, which is why it hasn't caused more
obvious problems.

Pointed out by Anthony Liguori.
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

This functionality is definitely experimental, but is capable of running
unmodified PowerPC 440 Linux kernels as guests on a PowerPC 440 host. (Only
tested with 440EP "Bamboo" guests so far, but with appropriate userspace
support other SoC/board combinations should work.)

See Documentation/powerpc/kvm_440.txt for technical details.

[stephen: build fix]
Signed-off-by: NHollis Blanchard <hollisb@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NPaul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>