Since we use EWMA to estimate the size of rx buffer. When rx buffer
size is underestimated, it's usual to have a packet with more than one
buffers. Consider this is not a bug, remove the warning and correct
the comment before XDP linearizing.

Cc: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

virtio_net XDP support expects receive buffers to be contiguous.
If this is not the case we enable a slowpath to allow connectivity
to continue but at a significan performance overhead associated with
linearizing data. To make it painfully aware to users that XDP is
running in a degraded mode we throw an xdp buffer error.

To linearize packets we allocate a page and copy the segments of
the data, including the header, into it. After this the page can be
handled by XDP code flow as normal.

Then depending on the return code the page is either freed or sent
to the XDP xmit path. There is no attempt to optimize this path.

This case is being handled simple as a precaution in case some
unknown backend were to generate packets in this form. To test this
I had to hack qemu and force it to generate these packets. I do not
expect this case to be generated by "real" backends.
Signed-off-by: NJohn Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This adds support for the XDP_TX action to virtio_net. When an XDP
program is run and returns the XDP_TX action the virtio_net XDP
implementation will transmit the packet on a TX queue that aligns
with the current CPU that the XDP packet was processed on.

Before sending the packet the header is zeroed.  Also XDP is expected
to handle checksum correctly so no checksum offload  support is
provided.
Signed-off-by: NJohn Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

XDP requires using isolated transmit queues to avoid interference
with normal networking stack (BQL, NETDEV_TX_BUSY, etc). This patch
adds a XDP queue per cpu when a XDP program is loaded and does not
expose the queues to the OS via the normal API call to
netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(). This way the stack will never push
an skb to these queues.

However virtio/vhost/qemu implementation only allows for creating
TX/RX queue pairs at this time so creating only TX queues was not
possible. And because the associated RX queues are being created I
went ahead and exposed these to the stack and let the backend use
them. This creates more RX queues visible to the network stack than
TX queues which is worth mentioning but does not cause any issues as
far as I can tell.
Signed-off-by: NJohn Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This adds XDP support to virtio_net. Some requirements must be
met for XDP to be enabled depending on the mode. First it will
only be supported with LRO disabled so that data is not pushed
across multiple buffers. Second the MTU must be less than a page
size to avoid having to handle XDP across multiple pages.

If mergeable receive is enabled this patch only supports the case
where header and data are in the same buf which we can check when
a packet is received by looking at num_buf. If the num_buf is
greater than 1 and a XDP program is loaded the packet is dropped
and a warning is thrown. When any_header_sg is set this does not
happen and both header and data is put in a single buffer as expected
so we check this when XDP programs are loaded.  Subsequent patches
will process the packet in a degraded mode to ensure connectivity
and correctness is not lost even if backend pushes packets into
multiple buffers.

If big packets mode is enabled and MTU/LRO conditions above are
met then XDP is allowed.

This patch was tested with qemu with vhost=on and vhost=off where
mergeable and big_packet modes were forced via hard coding feature
negotiation. Multiple buffers per packet was forced via a small
test patch to vhost.c in the vhost=on qemu mode.
Suggested-by: NShrijeet Mukherjee <shrijeet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJohn Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 44900010 ("virtio-net: enable
multiqueue by default") blindly set the affinity instead of queues
during probe which can cause a mismatch of #queues between guest and
host. This patch fixes it by setting queues.
Reported-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Tested-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Fixes: 49000102901 ("virtio-net: enable multiqueue by default")
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

With CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y, virtnet_set_mac_address() can be passed a
pointer to the stack and it will OOPS.  Copy the address to the heap
to prevent the crash.

Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Reported-by: zbyszek@in.waw.pl
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We use single queue even if multiqueue is enabled and let admin to
enable it through ethtool later. This is used to avoid possible
regression (small packet TCP stream transmission). But looks like an
overkill since:

- single queue user can disable multiqueue when launching qemu
- brings extra troubles for the management since it needs extra admin
  tool in guest to enable multiqueue
- multiqueue performs much better than single queue in most of the
  cases

So this patch enables multiqueue by default: if #queues is less than or
equal to #vcpu, enable as much as queue pairs; if #queues is greater
than #vcpu, enable #vcpu queue pairs.

Cc: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeremy Eder <jeder@redhat.com>
Cc: Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
Cc: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NNeil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It seems many drivers do not respect napi_hash_del() contract.

When napi_hash_del() is used before netif_napi_del(), an RCU grace
period is needed before freeing NAPI object.

Fixes: 91815639 ("virtio-net: rx busy polling support")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Virtio 1.0 spec says VIRTIO_F_ANY_LAYOUT and VIRTIO_NET_F_GSO are
legacy-only feature bits. Do not negotiate them in virtio 1 mode.  Note
this is a spec violation so we need to backport it to stable/downstream
kernels.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The virtio committee recently ratified a change, VIRTIO-152, which
defines the mtu field to be 'max' MTU, not simply desired MTU.

This commit brings the virtio-net device in compliance with VIRTIO-152.

Additionally, drop the max_mtu branch - it cannot be taken since the u16
returned by virtio_cread16 will never exceed the initial value of
max_mtu.
Signed-off-by: NAaron Conole <aconole@redhat.com>
Acked-by: N"Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NJarod Wilson <jarod@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

hyperv_net:
- set min/max_mtu, per Haiyang, after rndis_filter_device_add

virtio_net:
- set min/max_mtu
- remove virtnet_change_mtu

vmxnet3:
- set min/max_mtu

xen-netback:
- min_mtu = 0, max_mtu = 65517

xen-netfront:
- min_mtu = 0, max_mtu = 65535

unisys/visor:
- clean up defines a little to not clash with network core or add
  redundat definitions

CC: netdev@vger.kernel.org
CC: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
CC: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
CC: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
CC: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
CC: Shrikrishna Khare <skhare@vmware.com>
CC: "VMware, Inc." <pv-drivers@vmware.com>
CC: Wei Liu <wei.liu2@citrix.com>
CC: Paul Durrant <paul.durrant@citrix.com>
CC: David Kershner <david.kershner@unisys.com>
Signed-off-by: NJarod Wilson <jarod@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NHaiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Install the callbacks via the state machine.

The driver supports multiple instances and therefore the new
cpuhp_state_add_instance_nocalls() infrastrucure is used. The driver
currently uses get_online_cpus() to avoid missing a CPU hotplug event while
invoking virtnet_set_affinity(). This could be avoided by using
cpuhp_state_add_instance() variant which holds the hotplug lock and invokes
callback during registration. This is more or less a 1:1 conversion of the
current code.
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471024183-12666-7-git-send-email-bigeasy@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

VLAN and MQ control was doing DMA from the stack.  Fix it.

Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: "netdev@vger.kernel.org" <netdev@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The commit e858fae2 ("virtio_net: use common code for virtio_net_hdr
and skb GSO conversion") replaced the tun code for header manipulation
with the generic helpers. While doing so, it implictly moved the
skb_partial_csum_set() invocation after eth_type_trans(), which
invalidate the current gso start/offset values.
Fix it by moving the helper invocation before the mac pulling.

Fixes: e858fae2 ("virtio_net: use common code for virtio_net_hdr and
skb GSO conversion")
Reported-by: NDavid Ahern <dsa@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: NMike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Replace open coded conversion between virtio_net_hdr to skb GSO info with
virtio_net_hdr_{from,to}_skb
Signed-off-by: NMike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This commit adds the feature bit and associated mtu device entry for the
virtio network device.  When a virtio device comes up, it checks the
feature bit for the VIRTIO_NET_F_MTU feature.  If such feature bit is
enabled, the driver will read the advised MTU and use it as the initial
value.
Signed-off-by: NAaron Conole <aconole@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In function virtnet_open() and virtnet_probe(), func try_fill_recv() may
be executed at the same time. VQ in virtqueue_add() has not been protected
well and BUG_ON will be triggered when virito_net.ko being removed.
Signed-off-by: NYunjian Wang <wangyunjian@huawei.com>
Acked-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This gives small but noticeable rx performance improvement (2-3%)
and will allow exploiting future napi improvement.
Signed-off-by: NPaolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>

We should validate the port setting that we got from the user and check
if it's what we've set it to (PORT_OTHER), also add explanation that
ignoring advertising is good as long as we don't have autonegotiation.
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Aleksandrov <nikolay@cumulusnetworks.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch allows the user to set and retrieve speed and duplex of the
virtio_net device via ethtool. Having this functionality is very helpful
for simulating different environments and also enables the virtio_net
device to participate in operations where proper speed and duplex are
required (e.g. currently bonding lacp mode requires full duplex). Custom
speed and duplex are not allowed, the user-supplied settings are validated
before applying.

Example:
$ ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
...
	Speed: Unknown!
	Duplex: Unknown! (255)
$ ethtool -s eth1 speed 1000 duplex full
$ ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
...
	Speed: 1000Mb/s
	Duplex: Full

Based on a patch by Roopa Prabhu.
Signed-off-by: NNikolay Aleksandrov <nikolay@cumulusnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Once virtio starts using the DMA API, we won't be able to safely DMA
from the stack.  virtio-net does a couple of config DMA requests
from small stack buffers -- switch to using dynamically-allocated
memory.

This should have no effect on any performance-critical code paths.
Reported-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>

NAPI drivers no longer need to observe a particular protocol
to benefit from busy polling (CONFIG_NET_RX_BUSY_POLL=y)

napi_hash_add() and napi_hash_del() are automatically called
from core networking stack, respectively from
netif_napi_add() and netif_napi_del()

This patch depends on free_netdev() and netif_napi_del() being
called from process context, which seems to be the norm.

Drivers might still prefer to call napi_hash_del() on their
own, since they might combine all the rcu grace periods into
a single one, knowing their NAPI structures lifetime, while
core networking stack has no idea of a possible combining.

Once this patch proves to not bring serious regressions,
we will cleanup drivers to either remove napi_hash_del()
or provide appropriate rcu grace periods combining.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We would like to automatically provide busy polling support
to all NAPI drivers, without them having to implement anything.

skb_mark_napi_id() can be called from napi_gro_receive() and
napi_get_frags().

Few drivers are still calling skb_mark_napi_id() because
they use netif_receive_skb(). They should eventually call
napi_gro_receive() instead. I will leave this to drivers
maintainers.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Usually an skb does not have up to MAX_SKB_FRAGS frags. So no need to
initialize the unuse part of sg. This patch initialize the sg based on
the real number it will used:

- during xmit, it could be inferred from nr_frags and can_push.
- for small receive buffer, it will also be 2.

Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Instead of using the out-of-line EWMA calculation, use DECLARE_EWMA()
to create static inlines. On x86/64 this results in no change in code
size for me, but reduces the struct receive_queue size by the two
unsigned long values that store the parameters.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

virtio declares support for NETIF_F_FRAGLIST, but assumes
that there are at most MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2 fragments which isn't
always true with a fraglist.

A longer fraglist in the skb will make the call to skb_to_sgvec overflow
the sg array, leading to memory corruption.

Drop NETIF_F_FRAGLIST so we only get what we can handle.

Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Straightforward patch to add GRO processing to virtio_net.

napi_complete_done() usage allows more aggressive aggregation,
opted-in by setting /sys/class/net/xxx/gro_flush_timeout

Tested:

Setting /sys/class/net/xxx/gro_flush_timeout to 1000 nsec,
Rick Jones reported following results.

One VM of each on a pair of OpenStack compute nodes with E5-2650Lv3 CPUs
and Intel 82599ES-based NICs. So, two "before" and two "after" VMs.
The OpenStack compute nodes were running OpenStack Kilo, with VxLAN
encapsulation being used through OVS so no GRO coming-up the host
stack.  The compute nodes themselves were running a 3.14-based kernel.

Single-stream netperf, CPU utilizations and thus service demands are
based on intra-guest reported CPU.

Throughput Mbit/s, bigger is better
        Min     Median  Average Max
4.2.0-rc3+      1364    1686    1678    1938
4.2.0-rc3+flush1k       1824    2269    2275    2647

Send Service Demand, smaller is better
        Min     Median  Average Max
4.2.0-rc3+      0.236   0.558   0.524   0.802
4.2.0-rc3+flush1k       0.176   0.503   0.471   0.738

Receive Service Demand, smaller is better.
        Min     Median  Average Max
4.2.0-rc3+      1.906   2.188   2.191   2.531
4.2.0-rc3+flush1k       0.448   0.529   0.533   0.692
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Tested-by: NRick Jones <rick.jones2@hp.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

ANY_LAYOUT is a compatibility feature. It's implied
for VERSION_1 devices, and non-transitional devices
might not offer it. Change code to behave accordingly.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NStefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

commit d631b94e
    virtio: change comment in transmit

started clarifying the logic behind queue state management,
but introduced an inaccuracy: TX_BUSY does not cause
a BUG message.

Clean this up some more, explaining the tradeoffs in detail.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

received is 0, no need to minus it and use "+=" to reassign it
Signed-off-by: NLi RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The original comment was not really informative or funny
as well as sexist. Replace it with a better explanation of
why the driver does stop and what the impacts are.
Signed-off-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We don't delete napi from hash list during module exit. This will
cause the following panic when doing module load and unload:

BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at 0000004e00000075
IP: [<ffffffff816bd01b>] napi_hash_add+0x6b/0xf0
PGD 3c5d5067 PUD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
...
Call Trace:
[<ffffffffa0a5bfb7>] init_vqs+0x107/0x490 [virtio_net]
[<ffffffffa0a5c9f2>] virtnet_probe+0x562/0x791815639d880be [virtio_net]
[<ffffffff8139e667>] virtio_dev_probe+0x137/0x200
[<ffffffff814c7f2a>] driver_probe_device+0x7a/0x250
[<ffffffff814c81d3>] __driver_attach+0x93/0xa0
[<ffffffff814c8140>] ? __device_attach+0x40/0x40
[<ffffffff814c6053>] bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0
[<ffffffff814c7a79>] driver_attach+0x19/0x20
[<ffffffff814c76f0>] bus_add_driver+0x170/0x220
[<ffffffffa0a60000>] ? 0xffffffffa0a60000
[<ffffffff814c894f>] driver_register+0x5f/0xf0
[<ffffffff8139e41b>] register_virtio_driver+0x1b/0x30
[<ffffffffa0a60010>] virtio_net_driver_init+0x10/0x12 [virtio_net]

This patch fixes this by doing this in virtnet_free_queues(). And also
don't delete napi in virtnet_freeze() since it will call
virtnet_free_queues() which has already did this.

Fixes 91815639 ("virtio-net: rx busy polling support")
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This reverts commit 3d0ad094.

Now that GSO functionality can correctly track if the fragment
id has been selected and select a fragment id if necessary,
we can re-enable UFO on tap/macvap and virtio devices.
Signed-off-by: NVladislav Yasevich <vyasevic@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch enables the use of software timestamping via the virtio_net
driver.
Signed-off-by: NJacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>

Some devices might not implement config space access
(e.g. remoteproc used not to - before 3.9).
virtio/net needs config space access so make it
fail gracefully if not there.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

There's no need to do header check for virtio-net since:

- Host sets dodgy for all gso packets from guest and check the header.
- Host should be prepared for all kinds of evil packets from guest, since
  malicious guest can send any kinds of packet.

So this patch sets NETIF_F_GSO_ROBUST for virtio-net to skip the check.

Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The commit d75b1ade (net: less
interrupt masking in NAPI) breaks virtio_net in an insidious way.

It is now required that if the entire budget is consumed when poll
returns, the napi poll_list must remain empty.  However, like some
other drivers virtio_net tries to do a last-ditch check and if
there is more work it will call napi_schedule and then immediately
process some of this new work.  Should the entire budget be consumed
while processing such new work then we will violate the new caller
contract.

This patch fixes this by not touching any work when we reschedule
in virtio_net.

The worst part of this bug is that the list corruption causes other
napi users to be moved off-list.  In my case I was chasing a stall
in IPsec (IPsec uses netif_rx) and I only belatedly realised that it
was virtio_net which caused the stall even though the virtio_net
poll was still functioning perfectly after IPsec stalled.
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Acked-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Core activates this bit automatically now,
drop it from drivers that set it explicitly.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>

Now that we have completed 1.0 support, enable it in our driver.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>