We currently oops with a divide error on starting a linear software
raid array consisting of at least two very small (< 500K) devices.

The bug is caused by the calculation of the hash table size which
tries to compute sector_div(sz, base) with "base" being zero due to
the small size of the component devices of the array.

Fix this by requiring the hash spacing to be at least one which
implies that also "base" is non-zero.

This bug has existed since about 2.6.14.

Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

A lot of cruft has gathered over the years.  Time to remove it.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This patch renames hash_spacing and preshift to  spacing and
sector_shift respectively with the following change of semantics:

Case 1: (sizeof(sector_t) <= sizeof(u32)).
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In this case, we have sector_shift = preshift = 0 and spacing =
2 * hash_spacing.

Hence, the index for the hash table which is computed by the new code
in which_dev() as sector / spacing equals the old value which was
(sector/2) / hash_spacing.

Note also that the value of nb_zone stays the same because both sz
and base double.

Case 2: (sizeof(sector_t) > sizeof(u32)).
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

(aka the shifting dance case). Here we have sector_shift = preshift +
1 and

spacing = 2 * hash_spacing

during the computation of nb_zone and curr_sector, but

spacing = hash_spacing

in which_dev() because in the last hunk of the patch for linear.c we
shift down conf->spacing (= 2 * hash_spacing) by one more bit than
in the old code.

Hence in the computation of nb_zone, sz and base have the same value
as before, so nb_zone is not affected. Also curr_sector in the next
hunk stays the same.

In which_dev() the hash table index is computed as

(sector >> sector_shift) / spacing

In view of sector_shift = preshift + 1 and spacing = hash_spacing,
this equals

((sector/2) >> preshift) / hash_spacing

which is the value computed by the old code.
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This is a preparation for representing also the remaining fields of struct
linear_private_data as sectors.
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Rename them to num_sectors and start_sector which is more descriptive.
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

conf->smallest_size is undefined since day one of the git repo..
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Since all bio_split calls refer the same single bio_split_pool, the bio_split
function can use bio_split_pool directly instead of the mempool_t parameter;

then the mempool_t parameter can be removed from bio_split param list, and
bio_split_pool is only referred in fs/bio.c file, can be marked static.
Signed-off-by: NDenis ChengRq <crquan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Move stats related fields - stamp, in_flight, dkstats - from disk to
part0 and unify stat handling such that...

* part_stat_*() now updates part0 together if the specified partition
  is not part0.  ie. part_stat_*() are now essentially all_stat_*().

* {disk|all}_stat_*() are gone.

* part_round_stats() is updated similary.  It handles part0 stats
  automatically and disk_round_stats() is killed.

* part_{inc|dec}_in_fligh() is implemented which automatically updates
  part0 stats for parts other than part0.

* disk_map_sector_rcu() is updated to return part0 if no part matches.
  Combined with the above changes, this makes NULL special case
  handling in callers unnecessary.

* Separate stats show code paths for disk are collapsed into part
  stats show code paths.

* Rename disk_stat_lock/unlock() to part_stat_lock/unlock()

While at it, reposition stat handling macros a bit and add missing
parentheses around macro parameters.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

There are two variants of stat functions - ones prefixed with double
underbars which don't care about preemption and ones without which
disable preemption before manipulating per-cpu counters.  It's unclear
whether the underbarred ones assume that preemtion is disabled on
entry as some callers don't do that.

This patch unifies diskstats access by implementing disk_stat_lock()
and disk_stat_unlock() which take care of both RCU (for partition
access) and preemption (for per-cpu counter access).  diskstats access
should always be enclosed between the two functions.  As such, there's
no need for the versions which disables preemption.  They're removed
and double underbars ones are renamed to drop the underbars.  As an
extra argument is added, there's no danger of using the old version
unconverted.

disk_stat_lock() uses get_cpu() and returns the cpu index and all
diskstat functions which access per-cpu counters now has @cpu
argument to help RT.

This change adds RCU or preemption operations at some places but also
collapses several preemption ops into one at others.  Overall, the
performance difference should be negligible as all involved ops are
very lightweight per-cpu ones.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This patch renames the array_size field of struct mddev_s to array_sectors
and converts all instances to use units of 512 byte sectors instead of 1k
blocks.
Signed-off-by: NAndre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

When devices are stacked, one device's merge_bvec_fn may need to perform
the mapping and then call one or more functions for its underlying devices.

The following bio fields are used:
  bio->bi_sector
  bio->bi_bdev
  bio->bi_size
  bio->bi_rw  using bio_data_dir()

This patch creates a new struct bvec_merge_data holding a copy of those
fields to avoid having to change them directly in the struct bio when
going down the stack only to have to change them back again on the way
back up.  (And then when the bio gets mapped for real, the whole
exercise gets repeated, but that's a problem for another day...)
Signed-off-by: NAlasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Milan Broz <mbroz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

From: "Nikanth Karthikesan" <knikanth@novell.com>

Correct disk numbering problem check.
Signed-off-by: NNikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>

As setting and clearing queue flags now requires that we hold a spinlock
on the queue, and as blk_queue_stack_limits is called without that lock,
get the lock inside blk_queue_stack_limits.

For blk_queue_stack_limits to be able to find the right lock, each md
personality needs to set q->queue_lock to point to the appropriate lock.
Those personalities which didn't previously use a spin_lock, us
q->__queue_lock.  So always initialise that lock when allocated.

With this in place, setting/clearing of the QUEUE_FLAG_PLUGGED bit will no
longer cause warnings as it will be clear that the proper lock is held.

Thanks to Dan Williams for review and fixing the silly bugs.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Alistair John Strachan <alistair@devzero.co.uk>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Jacek Luczak <difrost.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Prakash Punnoor <prakash@punnoor.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As this is more in line with common practice in the kernel.  Also swap the
args around to be more like list_for_each.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Added blk_unplug interface, allowing all invocations of unplugs to result
in a generated blktrace UNPLUG.
Signed-off-by: NAlan D. Brunelle <Alan.Brunelle@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Then we can get rid of ->issue_flush_fn() and all the driver private
implementations of that.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

As bi_end_io is only called once when the reqeust is complete,
the 'size' argument is now redundant.  Remove it.

Now there is no need for bio_endio to subtract the size completed
from bi_size.  So don't do that either.

While we are at it, change bi_end_io to return void.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Some of the code has been gradually transitioned to using the proper
struct request_queue, but there's lots left. So do a full sweet of
the kernel and get rid of this typedef and replace its uses with
the proper type.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Adding a drive to a linear array seems to have stopped working, due to changes
elsewhere in md, and insufficient ongoing testing...

So the patch to make linear hot-add work in the first place introduced a
subtle bug elsewhere that interracts poorly with older version of mdadm.

This fixes it all up.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When iterating through an array, one must be careful to test one's index
variable rather than another similarly-named variable.

The loop will read off the end of conf->disks[] in the following
(pathological) case:

  % dd bs=1 seek=840716287 if=/dev/zero of=d1 count=1
  % for i in 2 3 4; do dd if=/dev/zero of=d$i bs=1k count=$(($i+150)); done
  % ./vmlinux ubd0=root ubd1=d1 ubd2=d2 ubd3=d3 ubd4=d4
  # mdadm -C /dev/md0 --level=linear --raid-devices=4 /dev/ubd[1234]

adding some printks, I saw this:

  [42949374.960000] hash_spacing = 821120
  [42949374.960000] cnt          = 4
  [42949374.960000] min_spacing  = 801
  [42949374.960000] j=0 size=820928 sz=820928
  [42949374.960000] i=0 sz=820928 hash_spacing=820928
  [42949374.960000] j=1 size=64 sz=64
  [42949374.960000] j=2 size=64 sz=128
  [42949374.960000] j=3 size=64 sz=192
  [42949374.960000] j=4 size=1515870810 sz=1515871002

Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Each backing_dev needs to be able to report whether it is congested, either by
modulating BDI_*_congested in ->state, or by defining a ->congested_fn.
md/raid did neither of these.  This patch add a congested_fn which simply
checks all component devices to see if they are congested.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

A recent patch that allowed linear arrays to be reconfigured on-line
allowed in a bug which results in divide by zero - not all
mddev->array_size were converted to conf->array_size.

This patch finished the conversion and fixed the bug.

The offending patch was commit 7c7546cc.

Thanks to Simon Kirby <sim@netnation.com> for the bug report.

Cc: Simon Kirby <sim@netnation.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Acked-by: NGreg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

md supports multiple different RAID level, each being implemented by a
'personality' (which is often in a separate module).

These personalities have fairly artificial 'numbers'.  The numbers
are use to:
 1- provide an index into an array where the various personalities
    are recorded
 2- identify the module (via an alias) which implements are particular
    personality.

Neither of these uses really justify the existence of personality numbers.
The array can be replaced by a linked list which is searched (array lookup
only happens very rarely).  Module identification can be done using an alias
based on level rather than 'personality' number.

The current 'raid5' modules support two level (4 and 5) but only one
personality.  This slight awkwardness (which was handled in the mapping from
level to personality) can be better handled by allowing raid5 to register 2
personalities.

With this change in place, the core md module does not need to have an
exhaustive list of all possible personalities, so other personalities can be
added independently.

This patch also moves the check for chunksize being non-zero into the ->run
routines for the personalities that need it, rather than having it in core-md.
 This has a side effect of allowing 'faulty' and 'linear' not to have a
chunk-size set.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Replace multiple kmalloc/memset pairs with kzalloc calls.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Instead of having ->read_sectors and ->write_sectors, combine the two
into ->sectors[2] and similar for the other fields. This saves a branch
several places in the io path, since we don't have to care for what the
actual io direction is. On my x86-64 box, that's 200 bytes less text in
just the core (not counting the various drivers).
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>

linear currently uses division by the size of the smallest componenet device
to find which device a request goes to.  If that smallest device is larger
than 2 terabytes, then the division will not work on some systems.

So we introduce a pre-shift, and take care not to make the hash table too
large, much like the code in raid0.

Also get rid of conf->nr_zones, which is not needed.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

md does not yet support BIO_RW_BARRIER, so be honest about it and fail
(-EOPNOTSUPP) any such requests.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch removes some unneeded checks of pointers being NULL before
calling kfree() on them.  kfree() handles NULL pointers just fine, checking
first is pointless.
Signed-off-by: NJesper Juhl <juhl-lkml@dif.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

When a request crosses a boundary between devices, it needs to be split.
But where we should calculate the amount of the request before the boundary
to find the split-point, we care currently calculating the amount that is
*after* the boundary !!!
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!