This patchset is for supporting LZ4 compression and the crypto API using
it.

As shown below, the size of data is a little bit bigger but compressing
speed is faster under the enabled unaligned memory access.  We can use
lz4 de/compression through crypto API as well.  Also, It will be useful
for another potential user of lz4 compression.

lz4 Compression Benchmark:
Compiler: ARM gcc 4.6.4
ARMv7, 1 GHz based board
   Kernel: linux 3.4
   Uncompressed data Size: 101 MB
         Compressed Size  compression Speed
   LZO   72.1MB		  32.1MB/s, 33.0MB/s(UA)
   LZ4   75.1MB		  30.4MB/s, 35.9MB/s(UA)
   LZ4HC 59.8MB		   2.4MB/s,  2.5MB/s(UA)
- UA: Unaligned memory Access support
- Latest patch set for LZO applied

This patch:

Add support for LZ4 compression in the Linux Kernel.  LZ4 Compression APIs
for kernel are based on LZ4 implementation by Yann Collet and were changed
for kernel coding style.

LZ4 homepage : http://fastcompression.blogspot.com/p/lz4.html
LZ4 source repository : http://code.google.com/p/lz4/
svn revision : r90

Two APIs are added:

lz4_compress() support basic lz4 compression whereas lz4hc_compress()
support high compression or CPU performance get lower but compression
ratio get higher.  Also, we require the pre-allocated working memory with
the defined size and destination buffer must be allocated with the size of
lz4_compressbound.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make lz4_compresshcctx() static]
Signed-off-by: NChanho Min <chanho.min@lge.com>
Cc: "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Bob Pearson <rpearson@systemfabricworks.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.hengli.com.au>
Cc: Yann Collet <yann.collet.73@gmail.com>
Cc: Kyungsik Lee <kyungsik.lee@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add support for extracting LZ4-compressed kernel images, as well as
LZ4-compressed ramdisk images in the kernel boot process.
Signed-off-by: NKyungsik Lee <kyungsik.lee@lge.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Florian Fainelli <florian@openwrt.org>
Cc: Yann Collet <yann.collet.73@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Some architectures need __c[lt]z[sd]i2() for __builtin_c[lt]z[ll] and
that causes a build failure.  They can be implemented using the
fls()/__ffs() and overridden by linking arch-specific versions may not
be implemented yet.

This is required by "lib: add lz4 compressor module".

Reference: https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/18/603Signed-off-by: NChanho Min <chanho.min@lge.com>
Reported-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Bob Pearson <rpearson@systemfabricworks.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.hengli.com.au>
Cc: Yann Collet <yann.collet.73@gmail.com>
Cc: Kyungsik Lee <kyungsik.lee@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Several drivers need font support independent of CONFIG_VT, cfr. commit
9cbce8d7e1dae0744ca4f68d62aa7de18196b6f4, "console/font: Refactor font
support code selection logic").
Hence move the fonts and their support logic from drivers/video/console/ to
its own library directory lib/fonts/.
This also allows to limit processing of drivers/video/console/Makefile to
CONFIG_VT=y again.

[Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>: Update arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile]
Signed-off-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>

Since we have at least one user of this function outside of CONFIG_NET
scope, we have to provide this function independently. The proposed
solution is to move it under lib/net_utils.c with corresponding
configuration variable and select wherever it is needed.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Reported-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

This implements a refcount with similar semantics to
atomic_get()/atomic_dec_and_test() - but percpu.

It also implements two stage shutdown, as we need it to tear down the
percpu counts.  Before dropping the initial refcount, you must call
percpu_ref_kill(); this puts the refcount in "shutting down mode" and
switches back to a single atomic refcount with the appropriate
barriers (synchronize_rcu()).

It's also legal to call percpu_ref_kill() multiple times - it only
returns true once, so callers don't have to reimplement shutdown
synchronization.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style tweak]
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Cc: Zach Brown <zab@redhat.com>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Asai Thambi S P <asamymuthupa@micron.com>
Cc: Selvan Mani <smani@micron.com>
Cc: Sam Bradshaw <sbradshaw@micron.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: N"Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

Fix build error io vmw_vmci.ko when CONFIG_VMWARE_VMCI=m by chaning
iovec.o from lib-y to obj-y.

  ERROR: "memcpy_toiovec" [drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmw_vmci.ko] undefined!
  ERROR: "memcpy_fromiovec" [drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmw_vmci.ko] undefined!
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ERROR: "memcpy_fromiovec" [drivers/vhost/vhost_scsi.ko] undefined!

That function is only present with CONFIG_NET.  Turns out that
crypto/algif_skcipher.c also uses that outside net, but it actually
needs sockets anyway.

In addition, commit 6d4f0139 added
CONFIG_NET dependency to CONFIG_VMCI for memcpy_toiovec, so hoist
that function and revert that commit too.

socket.h already includes uio.h, so no callers need updating; trying
only broke things fo x86_64 randconfig (thanks Fengguang!).
Reported-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

The help text for this config is duplicated across the x86, parisc, and
s390 Kconfig.debug files.  Arnd Bergman noted that the help text was
slightly misleading and should be fixed to state that enabling this
option isn't a problem when using pre 4.4 gcc.

To simplify the rewording, consolidate the text into lib/Kconfig.debug
and modify it there to be more explicit about when you should say N to
this config.

Also, make the text a bit more generic by stating that this option
enables compile time checks so we can cover architectures which emit
warnings vs.  ones which emit errors.  The details of how an
architecture decided to implement the checks isn't as important as the
concept of compile time checking of copy_from_user() calls.

While we're doing this, remove all the copy_from_user_overflow() code
that's duplicated many times and place it into lib/ so that any
architecture supporting this option can get the function for free.
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NHelge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are several places in kernel where modules unescapes input to convert
C-Style Escape Sequences into byte codes.

The patch provides generic implementation of such approach. Test cases are
also included into the patch.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clarify comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: export get_random_int() to modules]
Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: William Hubbs <w.d.hubbs@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Brannon <chris@the-brannons.com>
Cc: Kirk Reiser <kirk@braille.uwo.ca>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We want to be able to use the utf16 functions that are currently present
in the EFI variables code in platform-specific code as well. Move them to
the kernel core, and in the process rename them to accurately describe what
they do - they don't handle UTF16, only UCS2.
Signed-off-by: NMatthew Garrett <matthew.garrett@nebula.com>
Signed-off-by: NMatt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>

Move kfifo.c from kernel/ to lib/
Signed-off-by: NStefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently only block_dev and uprobes use percpu_rw_semaphore,
add the config option selected by BLOCK || UPROBES.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Anton Arapov <anton@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently the writer does msleep() plus synchronize_sched() 3 times to
acquire/release the semaphore, and during this time the readers are
blocked completely.  Even if the "write" section was not actually started
or if it was already finished.

With this patch down_write/up_write does synchronize_sched() twice and
down_read/up_read are still possible during this time, just they use the
slow path.

percpu_down_write() first forces the readers to use rw_semaphore and
increment the "slow" counter to take the lock for reading, then it
takes that rw_semaphore for writing and blocks the readers.

Also.  With this patch the code relies on the documented behaviour of
synchronize_sched(), it doesn't try to pair synchronize_sched() with
barrier.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anton Arapov <anton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This module used to inject errors in the pSeries specific dynamic
reconfiguration notifiers. Those are gone however, replaced by
generic notifiers for changes to the device-tree. So let's update
the module to deal with these instead and rename it along the way.
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>

It is $(obj)/oid_registry.o that is dependent on $(obj)/oid_registry_data.c.
The object file cannot be built until $(obj)/oid_registry_data.c has been
generated.

A periodic and hard to reproduce parallel build failure is due to
this incorrect lib/Makefile dependency. The compile error is completely
disingenuous.

  GEN     lib/oid_registry_data.c
Compiling 49 OIDs
  CC      lib/oid_registry.o
gcc: error: lib/oid_registry.c: No such file or directory
gcc: fatal error: no input files
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [lib/oid_registry.o] Error 4

Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NTim Gardner <tim.gardner@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

CONFIG_HOTPLUG is being removed so kobject_uevent needs to always be
part of the library.
Signed-off-by: NBill Pemberton <wfp5p@virginia.edu>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

After both prio_tree users have been converted to use red-black trees,
there is no need to keep around the prio tree library anymore.
Signed-off-by: NMichel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch 1 implements support for interval trees, on top of the augmented
rbtree API. It also adds synthetic tests to compare the performance of
interval trees vs prio trees. Short answers is that interval trees are
slightly faster (~25%) on insert/erase, and much faster (~2.4 - 3x)
on search. It is debatable how realistic the synthetic test is, and I have
not made such measurements yet, but my impression is that interval trees
would still come out faster.

Patch 2 uses a preprocessor template to make the interval tree generic,
and uses it as a replacement for the vma prio_tree.

Patch 3 takes the other prio_tree user, kmemleak, and converts it to use
a basic rbtree. We don't actually need the augmented rbtree support here
because the intervals are always non-overlapping.

Patch 4 removes the now-unused prio tree library.

Patch 5 proposes an additional optimization to rb_erase_augmented, now
providing it as an inline function so that the augmented callbacks can be
inlined in. This provides an additional 5-10% performance improvement
for the interval tree insert/erase benchmark. There is a maintainance cost
as it exposes augmented rbtree users to some of the rbtree library internals;
however I think this cost shouldn't be too high as I expect the augmented
rbtree will always have much less users than the base rbtree.

I should probably add a quick summary of why I think it makes sense to
replace prio trees with augmented rbtree based interval trees now.  One of
the drivers is that we need augmented rbtrees for Rik's vma gap finding
code, and once you have them, it just makes sense to use them for interval
trees as well, as this is the simpler and more well known algorithm.  prio
trees, in comparison, seem *too* clever: they impose an additional 'heap'
constraint on the tree, which they use to guarantee a faster worst-case
complexity of O(k+log N) for stabbing queries in a well-balanced prio
tree, vs O(k*log N) for interval trees (where k=number of matches,
N=number of intervals).  Now this sounds great, but in practice prio trees
don't realize this theorical benefit.  First, the additional constraint
makes them harder to update, so that the kernel implementation has to
simplify things by balancing them like a radix tree, which is not always
ideal.  Second, the fact that there are both index and heap properties
makes both tree manipulation and search more complex, which results in a
higher multiplicative time constant.  As it turns out, the simple interval
tree algorithm ends up running faster than the more clever prio tree.

This patch:

Add two test modules:

- prio_tree_test measures the performance of lib/prio_tree.c, both for
  insertion/removal and for stabbing searches

- interval_tree_test measures the performance of a library of equivalent
  functionality, built using the augmented rbtree support.

In order to support the second test module, lib/interval_tree.c is
introduced. It is kept separate from the interval_tree_test main file
for two reasons: first we don't want to provide an unfair advantage
over prio_tree_test by having everything in a single compilation unit,
and second there is the possibility that the interval tree functionality
could get some non-test users in kernel over time.
Signed-off-by: NMichel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This small module helps measure the performance of rbtree insert and
erase.

Additionally, we run a few correctness tests to check that the rbtrees
have all desired properties:

- contains the right number of nodes in the order desired,
- never two consecutive red nodes on any path,
- all paths to leaf nodes have the same number of black nodes,
- root node is black

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warning: sparc64 cycles_t is unsigned long]
Signed-off-by: NMichel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add an ASN.1 BER/DER/CER decoder.  This uses the bytecode from the ASN.1
compiler in the previous patch to inform it as to what to expect to find in the
encoded byte stream.  The output from the compiler also tells it what functions
to call on what tags, thus allowing the caller to retrieve information.

The decoder is called as follows:

	int asn1_decoder(const struct asn1_decoder *decoder,
			 void *context,
			 const unsigned char *data,
			 size_t datalen);

The decoder argument points to the bytecode from the ASN.1 compiler.  context
is the caller's context and is passed to the action functions.  data and
datalen define the byte stream to be decoded.

Note that the decoder is currently limited to datalen being less than 64K.
This reduces the amount of stack space used by the decoder because ASN.1 is a
nested construct.  Similarly, the decoder is limited to a maximum of 10 levels
of constructed data outside of a leaf node also in an effort to keep stack
usage down.

These restrictions can be raised if necessary.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Implement a simple static OID registry that allows the mapping of an encoded
OID to an enum value for ease of use.

The OID registry index enum appears in the:

	linux/oid_registry.h

header file.  A script generates the registry from lines in the header file
that look like:

	<sp*>OID_foo,<sp*>/*<sp*>1.2.3.4<sp*>*/

The actual OID is taken to be represented by the numbers with interpolated
dots in the comment.

All other lines in the header are ignored.

The registry is queries by calling:

	OID look_up_oid(const void *data, size_t datasize);

This returns a number from the registry enum representing the OID if found or
OID__NR if not.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Add a simple cpio decoder without library dependencies for the purpose
of extracting components from the initramfs blob for early kernel
uses.  Intended consumers so far are microcode and ACPI override.
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1349043837-22659-2-git-send-email-trenn@suse.de
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

This provides the ability to inject artifical errors to pSeries reconfig
notifier chain callbacks.  It is controlled through debugfs interface
under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pSeries-reconfig

If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This provides the ability to inject artifical errors to memory hotplug
notifier chain callbacks.  It is controlled through debugfs interface
under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory

If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events notified,
write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".

Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)

	# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
	# echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error
	# echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
	bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This provides the ability to inject artifical errors to PM notifier chain
callbacks.  It is controlled through debugfs interface under
/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm

Each of the files in "error" directory represents an event which can be
failed and contains the error code.  If the notifier call chain should be
failed with some events notified, write the error code to the files.

If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events notified,
write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".

Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)

	# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm
	# echo -12 > actions/PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE/error
	# echo mem > /sys/power/state
	bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Acked-by: N"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patchset provides kernel modules that can be used to test the error
handling of notifier call chain failures by injecting artifical errors to
the following notifier chain callbacks.

 * CPU notifier
 * PM notifier
 * memory hotplug notifier
 * powerpc pSeries reconfig notifier

Example: Inject CPU offline error (-1 == -EPERM)

  # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/cpu
  # echo -1 > actions/CPU_DOWN_PREPARE/error
  # echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
  bash: echo: write error: Operation not permitted

The patchset also adds cpu and memory hotplug tests to
tools/testing/selftests These tests first do simple online and offline
test and then do fault injection tests if notifier error injection
module is available.

This patch:

The notifier error injection provides the ability to inject artifical
errors to specified notifier chain callbacks.  It is useful to test the
error handling of notifier call chain failures.

This adds common basic functions to define which type of events can be
fail and to initialize the debugfs interface to control what error code
should be returned and which event should be failed.
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memweight() is the function that counts the total number of bits set in
memory area.  Unlike bitmap_weight(), memweight() takes pointer and size
in bytes to specify a memory area which does not need to be aligned to
long-word boundary.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: rename `w' to `ret']
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Anders Larsen <al@alarsen.net>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

libfdt is part of the device tree support in scripts/dtc/libfdt.  For
some platforms that use the Device Tree, we want to be able to edit
the flattened device tree form.

We don't want to burden kernel builds that do not require it, so we
gate compilation of libfdt files with CONFIG_LIBFDT.  So if it is
needed, you need to do this in your Kconfig:

	select LIBFDT

And in the Makefile of the code using libfdt something like:

ccflags-y := -I$(src)/../../../scripts/dtc/libfdt
Signed-off-by: NDavid Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: devicetree-discuss@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: NRob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Signed-off-by: NRalf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

Implement code computing proportions of events of different type (like code in
lib/proportions.c) but allowing periods to have different lengths. This allows
us to have aging periods of fixed wallclock time which gives better proportion
estimates given the hugely varying throughput of different devices - previous
measuring of aging period by number of events has the problem that a reasonable
period length for a system with low-end USB stick is not a reasonable period
length for a system with high-end storage array resulting either in too slow
proportion updates or too fluctuating proportion updates.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>

This adds a new generic optimized strnlen_user() function that uses the
<asm/word-at-a-time.h> infrastructure to portably do efficient string
handling.

In many ways, strnlen is much simpler than strncpy, and in particular we
can always pre-align the words we load from memory.  That means that all
the worries about alignment etc are a non-issue, so this one can easily
be used on any architecture.  You obviously do have to do the
appropriate word-at-a-time.h macros.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

To use this, an architecture simply needs to:

1) Provide a user_addr_max() implementation via asm/uaccess.h

2) Add "select GENERIC_STRNCPY_FROM_USER" to their arch Kcnfig

3) Remove the existing strncpy_from_user() implementation and symbol
   exports their architecture had.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

add LPDDR2 data from the JEDEC spec JESD209-2. The data
includes:

1. Addressing information for LPDDR2 memories of different
   densities and types(S2/S4)
2. AC timing data.

This data will useful for memory controller device drivers.
Right now this is used by the TI EMIF SDRAM controller
driver.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh V <aneesh@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: NSantosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: NBenoit Cousson <b-cousson@ti.com>
[santosh.shilimkar@ti.com: Moved to drivers/memory from drivers/misc]
Signed-off-by: NSantosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Tested-by: NLokesh Vutla <lokeshvutla@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

MX23/28 use IP cores which follow a register layout I have first seen on
STMP3xxx SoCs. In this layout, every register actually has four u32:

 1.) to store a value directly
 2.) a SET register where every 1-bit sets the corresponding bit,
     others are unaffected
 3.) same with a CLR register
 4.) same with a TOG (toggle) register

Also, the 2 MSBs in register 0 are always the same and can be used to reset
the IP core.

All this is strictly speaking not mach-specific (but IP core specific) and,
thus, doesn't need to be in mach-mxs/include. At least mx6 also uses IP cores
following this stmp-style. So:

Introduce a stmp-style device, put the code and defines for that in a public
place (lib/), and let drivers for stmp-style devices select that code.
To avoid regressions and ease reviewing, the actual code is simply copied from
mach-mxs. It definately wants updates, but those need a seperate patch series.

Voila, mach dependency gone, reusable code introduced. Note that I didn't
remove the duplicated code from mach-mxs yet, first the drivers have to be
converted.
Signed-off-by: NWolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Acked-by: NShawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NDong Aisheng <dong.aisheng@linaro.org>

Both sparc 32-bit's software divide assembler and MPILIB provide
clz_tab[] with identical contents.

Break it out into a seperate object file and select it when
SPARC32 or MPILIB is set.
Reported-by: NAl Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>

It was reported that DIGSIG is confusing name for digital signature
module. It was suggested to rename DIGSIG to SIGNATURE.
Requested-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Suggested-by: NPavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>

These are tiny functions, there's no point in having them out-of-line.

Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-8eccvi2ur2fzgi00xdjlbf5z@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Implementation of dynamic queue limits (dql).  This is a libary which
allows a queue limit to be dynamically managed.  The goal of dql is
to set the queue limit, number of objects to the queue, to be minimized
without allowing the queue to be starved.

dql would be used with a queue which has these properties:

1) Objects are queued up to some limit which can be expressed as a
   count of objects.
2) Periodically a completion process executes which retires consumed
   objects.
3) Starvation occurs when limit has been reached, all queued data has
   actually been consumed but completion processing has not yet run,
   so queuing new data is blocked.
4) Minimizing the amount of queued data is desirable.

A canonical example of such a queue would be a NIC HW transmit queue.

The queue limit is dynamic, it will increase or decrease over time
depending on the workload.  The queue limit is recalculated each time
completion processing is done.  Increases occur when the queue is
starved and can exponentially increase over successive intervals.
Decreases occur when more data is being maintained in the queue than
needed to prevent starvation.  The number of extra objects, or "slack",
is measured over successive intervals, and to avoid hysteresis the
limit is only reduced by the miminum slack seen over a configurable
time period.

dql API provides routines to manage the queue:
- dql_init is called to intialize the dql structure
- dql_reset is called to reset dynamic values
- dql_queued called when objects are being enqueued
- dql_avail returns availability in the queue
- dql_completed is called when objects have be consumed in the queue

Configuration consists of:
- max_limit, maximum limit
- min_limit, minimum limit
- slack_hold_time, time to measure instances of slack before reducing
  queue limit
Signed-off-by: NTom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Many architectures want a generic pci_iomap but
not the rest of iomap.c. Split that to a separate .c
file and add a new config symbol. select automatically
by GENERIC_IOMAP.
Signed-off-by: NMichael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>

This patch implements RSA digital signature verification using GnuPG library.

The format of the signature and the public key is defined by their respective
headers. The signature header contains version information, algorithm,
and keyid, which was used to generate the signature.
The key header contains version and algorythim type.
The payload of the signature and the key are multi-precision integers.

The signing and key management utilities evm-utils provide functionality
to generate signatures and load keys into the kernel keyring.
When the key is added to the kernel keyring, the keyid defines the name
of the key.
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Acked-by: NMimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>