On some architectures, in certain CPU deep idle states the local timers stop.
An external clock device is used to wakeup these CPUs. The kernel support for the
wakeup of these CPUs is provided by the tick broadcast framework by using the
external clock device as the wakeup source.

However not all implementations of architectures provide such an external
clock device. This patch includes support in the broadcast framework to handle
the wakeup of the CPUs in deep idle states on such systems by queuing a hrtimer
on one of the CPUs, which is meant to handle the wakeup of CPUs in deep idle states.

This patchset introduces a pseudo clock device which can be registered by the
archs as tick_broadcast_device in the absence of a real external clock
device. Once registered, the broadcast framework will work as is for these
architectures as long as the archs take care of the BROADCAST_ENTER
notification failing for one of the CPUs. This CPU is made the stand by CPU to
handle wakeup of the CPUs in deep idle and it *must not enter deep idle states*.

The CPU with the earliest wakeup is chosen to be this CPU. Hence this way the
stand by CPU dynamically moves around and so does the hrtimer which is queued
to trigger at the next earliest wakeup time. This is consistent with the case where
an external clock device is present. The smp affinity of this clock device is
set to the CPU with the earliest wakeup. This patchset handles the hotplug of
the stand by CPU as well by moving the hrtimer on to the CPU handling the CPU_DEAD
notification.

Originally-from: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NPreeti U Murthy <preeti@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: deepthi@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: fweisbec@gmail.com
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org
Cc: rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140207080632.17187.80532.stgit@preeti.in.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Nothing about the sched_clock implementation in the ARM port is
specific to the architecture. Generalize the code so that other
architectures can use it by selecting GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK.
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
[jstultz: Merge minor collisions with other patches in my tree]
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>

Below is a patch from android kernel that maintains a histogram of
suspend times. Please review and provide feedback.

Statistices on the time spent in suspend are kept in
/sys/kernel/debug/sleep_time.

Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Todd Poynor <toddpoynor@google.com>
Cc: San Mehat <san@google.com>
Cc: Benoit Goby <benoit@android.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NColin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Signed-off-by: NTodd Poynor <toddpoynor@google.com>
[zoran.markovic@linaro.org: Re-formatted suspend time table to better
fit expected values. Moved accounting of suspend time into timekeeping
core. Removed CONFIG_SUSPEND_TIME flag and made the feature conditional
on CONFIG_DEBUG_FS. Changed the file name to sleep_time to better fit
terminology in timekeeping core. Changed seq_printf to seq_puts. Tweaked
commit message]
Signed-off-by: NZoran Markovic <zoran.markovic@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>

This patch removes the timecompare code from the kernel. The top five
reasons to do this are:

1. There are no more users of this code.
2. The original idea was a bit weak.
3. The original author has disappeared.
4. The code was not general purpose but tuned to a particular hardware,
5. There are better ways to accomplish clock synchronization.
Signed-off-by: NRichard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Tested-by: NBob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This provides the in kernel interface and infrastructure for
alarm-timers.

Alarm-timers are a hybrid style timer, similar to hrtimers,
but when the system is suspended, the RTC device is set to
fire and wake the system for when the soonest alarm-timer
expires.

The concept for Alarm-timers was inspired by the Android Alarm
driver (by Arve Hjønnevåg) found in the Android kernel tree.

See: http://android.git.kernel.org/?p=kernel/common.git;a=blob;f=drivers/rtc/alarm.c;h=1250edfbdf3302f5e4ea6194847c6ef4bb7beb1c;hb=android-2.6.36

This in-kernel interface should be fairly compatible with the
Android alarm driver in-kernel interface, but has the advantage
of utilizing the new RTC timerqueue code instead of doing direct
RTC manipulation.

CC: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
CC: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>

This patch adds support for adding and removing posix clocks. The
clock lifetime cycle is patterned after usb devices. Each clock is
represented by a standard character device. In addition, the driver
may optionally implement custom character device operations.

The posix clock and timer system calls listed below now work with
dynamic posix clocks, as well as the traditional static clocks.
The following system calls are affected:

   - clock_adjtime (brand new syscall)
   - clock_gettime
   - clock_getres
   - clock_settime
   - timer_create
   - timer_delete
   - timer_gettime
   - timer_settime

[ tglx: Adapted to the posix-timer cleanup. Moved clock_posix_dynamic
  	to posix-clock.c and made all referenced functions static ]
Signed-off-by: NRichard Cochran <richard.cochran@omicron.at>
Acked-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20110201134420.164172635@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

There are many similar code in kernel for one object: convert time between
calendar time and broken-down time.

Here is some source I found:
  fs/ncpfs/dir.c
  fs/smbfs/proc.c
  fs/fat/misc.c
  fs/udf/udftime.c
  fs/cifs/netmisc.c
  net/netfilter/xt_time.c
  drivers/scsi/ips.c
  drivers/input/misc/hp_sdc_rtc.c
  drivers/rtc/rtc-lib.c
  arch/ia64/hp/sim/boot/fw-emu.c
  arch/m68k/mac/misc.c
  arch/powerpc/kernel/time.c
  arch/parisc/include/asm/rtc.h
  ...

We can make a common function for this type of conversion, At least we
can get following benefit:

1: Make kernel simple and unify
2: Easy to fix bug in converting code
3: Reduce clone of code in future
   For example, I'm trying to make ftrace display walltime,
   this patch will make me easy.

This code is based on code from glibc-2.6
Signed-off-by: NZhao Lei <zhaolei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Mapping from a struct timecounter to a time returned by functions like
ktime_get_real() is implemented. This is sufficient to use this code
in a network device driver which wants to support hardware time
stamping and transformation of hardware time stamps to system time.

The interface could have been made more versatile by not depending on
a time counter, but this wasn't done to avoid writing glue code
elsewhere.

The method implemented here is the one used and analyzed under the name
"assisted PTP" in the LCI PTP paper:
http://www.linuxclustersinstitute.org/conferences/archive/2008/PDF/Ohly_92221.pdfAcked-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick Ohly <patrick.ohly@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Migration aid to allow preparatory patches which introduce not yet
used parts of clock events code.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>

Move the timekeeping code out of kernel/timer.c and into
kernel/time/timekeeping.c.  I made no cleanups or other changes in transit.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

add /proc/timer_list, which prints all currently pending (high-res) timers,
all clock-event sources and their parameters in a human-readable form.

Sample output:

Timer List Version: v0.1
HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES: 2
now at 4246046273872 nsecs

cpu: 0
 clock 0:
  .index:      0
  .resolution: 1 nsecs
  .get_time:   ktime_get_real
  .offset:     1273998312645738432 nsecs
active timers:
 clock 1:
  .index:      1
  .resolution: 1 nsecs
  .get_time:   ktime_get
  .offset:     0 nsecs
active timers:
 #0: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_sched_tick, hrtimer_stop_sched_tick, swapper/0
 # expires at 4246432689566 nsecs [in 386415694 nsecs]
 #1: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_wakeup, do_nanosleep, pcscd/2050
 # expires at 4247018194689 nsecs [in 971920817 nsecs]
 #2: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_wakeup, do_nanosleep, irqbalance/1909
 # expires at 4247351358392 nsecs [in 1305084520 nsecs]
 #3: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_wakeup, do_nanosleep, crond/2157
 # expires at 4249097614968 nsecs [in 3051341096 nsecs]
 #4: <f5a90ec8>, it_real_fn, do_setitimer, syslogd/1888
 # expires at 4251329900926 nsecs [in 5283627054 nsecs]
  .expires_next   : 4246432689566 nsecs
  .hres_active    : 1
  .check_clocks   : 0
  .nr_events      : 31306
  .idle_tick      : 4246020791890 nsecs
  .tick_stopped   : 1
  .idle_jiffies   : 986504
  .idle_calls     : 40700
  .idle_sleeps    : 36014
  .idle_entrytime : 4246019418883 nsecs
  .idle_sleeptime : 4178181972709 nsecs

cpu: 1
 clock 0:
  .index:      0
  .resolution: 1 nsecs
  .get_time:   ktime_get_real
  .offset:     1273998312645738432 nsecs
active timers:
 clock 1:
  .index:      1
  .resolution: 1 nsecs
  .get_time:   ktime_get
  .offset:     0 nsecs
active timers:
 #0: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_sched_tick, hrtimer_restart_sched_tick, swapper/0
 # expires at 4246050084568 nsecs [in 3810696 nsecs]
 #1: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_wakeup, do_nanosleep, atd/2227
 # expires at 4261010635003 nsecs [in 14964361131 nsecs]
 #2: <f5a90ec8>, hrtimer_wakeup, do_nanosleep, smartd/2332
 # expires at 5469485798970 nsecs [in 1223439525098 nsecs]
  .expires_next   : 4246050084568 nsecs
  .hres_active    : 1
  .check_clocks   : 0
  .nr_events      : 24043
  .idle_tick      : 4246046084568 nsecs
  .tick_stopped   : 0
  .idle_jiffies   : 986510
  .idle_calls     : 26360
  .idle_sleeps    : 22551
  .idle_entrytime : 4246043874339 nsecs
  .idle_sleeptime : 4170763761184 nsecs

tick_broadcast_mask: 00000003
event_broadcast_mask: 00000001

CPU#0's local event device:

Clock Event Device: lapic
 capabilities:   0000000e
 max_delta_ns:   807385544
 min_delta_ns:   1443
 mult:           44624025
 shift:          32
 set_next_event: lapic_next_event
 set_mode:       lapic_timer_setup
 event_handler:  hrtimer_interrupt
  .installed:  1
  .expires:    4246432689566 nsecs

CPU#1's local event device:

Clock Event Device: lapic
 capabilities:   0000000e
 max_delta_ns:   807385544
 min_delta_ns:   1443
 mult:           44624025
 shift:          32
 set_next_event: lapic_next_event
 set_mode:       lapic_timer_setup
 event_handler:  hrtimer_interrupt
  .installed:  1
  .expires:    4246050084568 nsecs

Clock Event Device: hpet
 capabilities:   00000007
 max_delta_ns:   2147483647
 min_delta_ns:   3352
 mult:           61496110
 shift:          32
 set_next_event: hpet_next_event
 set_mode:       hpet_set_mode
 event_handler:  handle_nextevt_broadcast
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add /proc/timer_stats support: debugging feature to profile timer expiration.
Both the starting site, process/PID and the expiration function is captured.
This allows the quick identification of timer event sources in a system.

Sample output:

# echo 1 > /proc/timer_stats
# cat /proc/timer_stats
Timer Stats Version: v0.1
Sample period: 4.010 s
  24,     0 swapper          hrtimer_stop_sched_tick (hrtimer_sched_tick)
  11,     0 swapper          sk_reset_timer (tcp_delack_timer)
   6,     0 swapper          hrtimer_stop_sched_tick (hrtimer_sched_tick)
   2,     1 swapper          queue_delayed_work_on (delayed_work_timer_fn)
  17,     0 swapper          hrtimer_restart_sched_tick (hrtimer_sched_tick)
   2,     1 swapper          queue_delayed_work_on (delayed_work_timer_fn)
   4,  2050 pcscd            do_nanosleep (hrtimer_wakeup)
   5,  4179 sshd             sk_reset_timer (tcp_write_timer)
   4,  2248 yum-updatesd     schedule_timeout (process_timeout)
  18,     0 swapper          hrtimer_restart_sched_tick (hrtimer_sched_tick)
   3,     0 swapper          sk_reset_timer (tcp_delack_timer)
   1,     1 swapper          neigh_table_init_no_netlink (neigh_periodic_timer)
   2,     1 swapper          e1000_up (e1000_watchdog)
   1,     1 init             schedule_timeout (process_timeout)
100 total events, 25.24 events/sec

[ cleanups and hrtimers support from Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> ]
[bunk@stusta.de: nr_entries can become static]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add functions to provide dynamic ticks and high resolution timers.  The code
which keeps track of jiffies and handles the long idle periods is shared
between tick based and high resolution timer based dynticks.  The dyntick
functionality can be disabled on the kernel commandline.  Provide also the
infrastructure to support high resolution timers.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add broadcast functionality, so per cpu clock event devices can be registered
as dummy devices or switched from/to broadcast on demand.  The broadcast
function distributes the events via the broadcast function of the clock event
device.  This is primarily designed to replace the switch apic timer to / from
IPI in power states, where the apic stops.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The tick-management code is the first user of the clockevents layer.  It takes
clock event devices from the clock events core and uses them to provide the
periodic tick.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Architectures register their clock event devices, in the clock events core.
Users of the clockevents core can get clock event devices for their use.  The
clockevents core code provides notification mechanisms for various clock
related management events.

This allows to control the clock event devices without the architectures
having to worry about the details of function assignment.  This is also a
preliminary for high resolution timers and dynamic ticks to allow the core
code to control the clock functionality without intrusive changes to the
architecture code.

[Fixes-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>]
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Move all the NTP related code to ntp.c

[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups, build fix]
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This introduces the clocksource management infrastructure.  A clocksource is a
driver-like architecture generic abstraction of a free-running counter.  This
code defines the clocksource structure, and provides management code for
registering, selecting, accessing and scaling clocksources.

Additionally, this includes the trivial jiffies clocksource, a lowest common
denominator clocksource, provided mainly for use as an example.

[hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp: Don't enable IRQ too early]
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NPaul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NOGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>