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  1. 10 8月, 2017 5 次提交
  3. 26 5月, 2017 1 次提交
    • T
      jump_label: Reorder hotplug lock and jump_label_lock · f2545b2d
      由 Thomas Gleixner 提交于 
      The conversion of the hotplug locking to a percpu rwsem unearthed lock
ordering issues all over the place.

The jump_label code has two issues:

 1) Nested get_online_cpus() invocations

 2) Ordering problems vs. the cpus rwsem and the jump_label_mutex

To cure these, the following lock order has been established;

   cpus_rwsem -> jump_label_lock -> text_mutex

Even if not all architectures need protection against CPU hotplug, taking
cpus_rwsem before jump_label_lock is now mandatory in code pathes which
actually modify code and therefor need text_mutex protection.

Move the get_online_cpus() invocations into the core jump label code and
establish the proper lock order where required.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: N"David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524081549.025830817@linutronix.de
      f2545b2d
  5. 15 2月, 2017 1 次提交
    • J
      jump_label: Reduce the size of struct static_key · 3821fd35
      由 Jason Baron 提交于 
      The static_key->next field goes mostly unused. The field is used for
associating module uses with a static key. Most uses of struct static_key
define a static key in the core kernel and make use of it entirely within
the core kernel, or define the static key in a module and make use of it
only from within that module. In fact, of the ~3,000 static keys defined,
I found only about 5 or so that did not fit this pattern.

Thus, we can remove the static_key->next field entirely and overload
the static_key->entries field. That is, when all the static_key uses
are contained within the same module, static_key->entries continues
to point to those uses. However, if the static_key uses are not contained
within the module where the static_key is defined, then we allocate a
struct static_key_mod, store a pointer to the uses within that
struct static_key_mod, and have the static key point at the static_key_mod.
This does incur some extra memory usage when a static_key is used in a
module that does not define it, but since there are only a handful of such
cases there is a net savings.

In order to identify if the static_key->entries pointer contains a
struct static_key_mod or a struct jump_entry pointer, bit 1 of
static_key->entries is set to 1 if it points to a struct static_key_mod and
is 0 if it points to a struct jump_entry. We were already using bit 0 in a
similar way to store the initial value of the static_key. This does mean
that allocations of struct static_key_mod and that the struct jump_entry
tables need to be at least 4-byte aligned in memory. As far as I can tell
all arches meet this criteria.

For my .config, the patch increased the text by 778 bytes, but reduced
the data + bss size by 14912, for a net savings of 14,134 bytes.

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
8092427	5016512	 790528	13899467	 d416cb	vmlinux.pre
8093205	5001600	 790528	13885333	 d3df95	vmlinux.post

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1486154544-4321-1-git-send-email-jbaron@akamai.com

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
      3821fd35
  7. 12 1月, 2017 1 次提交
  9. 04 8月, 2016 2 次提交
  11. 01 8月, 2016 1 次提交
  13. 07 7月, 2016 1 次提交
  15. 24 6月, 2016 1 次提交
    • P
      locking/static_key: Fix concurrent static_key_slow_inc() · 4c5ea0a9
      由 Paolo Bonzini 提交于 
      The following scenario is possible:

    CPU 1                                   CPU 2
    static_key_slow_inc()
     atomic_inc_not_zero()
      -> key.enabled == 0, no increment
     jump_label_lock()
     atomic_inc_return()
      -> key.enabled == 1 now
                                            static_key_slow_inc()
                                             atomic_inc_not_zero()
                                              -> key.enabled == 1, inc to 2
                                             return
                                            ** static key is wrong!
     jump_label_update()
     jump_label_unlock()

Testing the static key at the point marked by (**) will follow the
wrong path for jumps that have not been patched yet.  This can
actually happen when creating many KVM virtual machines with userspace
LAPIC emulation; just run several copies of the following program:

    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/ioctl.h>
    #include <linux/kvm.h>

    int main(void)
    {
        for (;;) {
            int kvmfd = open("/dev/kvm", O_RDONLY);
            int vmfd = ioctl(kvmfd, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0);
            close(ioctl(vmfd, KVM_CREATE_VCPU, 1));
            close(vmfd);
            close(kvmfd);
        }
        return 0;
    }

Every KVM_CREATE_VCPU ioctl will attempt a static_key_slow_inc() call.
The static key's purpose is to skip NULL pointer checks and indeed one
of the processes eventually dereferences NULL.

As explained in the commit that introduced the bug:

  706249c2 ("locking/static_keys: Rework update logic")

jump_label_update() needs key.enabled to be true.  The solution adopted
here is to temporarily make key.enabled == -1, and use go down the
slow path when key.enabled <= 0.
Reported-by: NDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.3+
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: 706249c2 ("locking/static_keys: Rework update logic")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466527937-69798-1-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
[ Small stylistic edits to the changelog and the code. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      4c5ea0a9
  17. 23 11月, 2015 1 次提交
    • P
      treewide: Remove old email address · 90eec103
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      There were still a number of references to my old Red Hat email
address in the kernel source. Remove these while keeping the
Red Hat copyright notices intact.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      90eec103
  19. 03 8月, 2015 6 次提交
    • P
      locking/static_keys: Add selftest · 1987c947
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      Add a little selftest that validates all combinations.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      1987c947
    • P
      locking/static_keys: Add a new static_key interface · 11276d53
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      There are various problems and short-comings with the current
static_key interface:

 - static_key_{true,false}() read like a branch depending on the key
   value, instead of the actual likely/unlikely branch depending on
   init value.

 - static_key_{true,false}() are, as stated above, tied to the
   static_key init values STATIC_KEY_INIT_{TRUE,FALSE}.

 - we're limited to the 2 (out of 4) possible options that compile to
   a default NOP because that's what our arch_static_branch() assembly
   emits.

So provide a new static_key interface:

  DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name);
  DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name);

Which define a key of different types with an initial true/false
value.

Then allow:

   static_branch_likely()
   static_branch_unlikely()

to take a key of either type and emit the right instruction for the
case.

This means adding a second arch_static_branch_jump() assembly helper
which emits a JMP per default.

In order to determine the right instruction for the right state,
encode the branch type in the LSB of jump_entry::key.

This is the final step in removing the naming confusion that has led to
a stream of avoidable bugs such as:

  a833581e ("x86, perf: Fix static_key bug in load_mm_cr4()")

... but it also allows new static key combinations that will give us
performance enhancements in the subsequent patches.

Tested-by: Rabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in> # arm
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> # ppc
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> # s390
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      11276d53
    • P
      locking/static_keys: Rework update logic · 706249c2
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      Instead of spreading the branch_default logic all over the place,
concentrate it into the one jump_label_type() function.

This does mean we need to actually increment/decrement the enabled
count _before_ calling the update path, otherwise jump_label_type()
will not see the right state.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      706249c2
    • P
      jump_label: Add jump_entry_key() helper · 7dcfd915
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      Avoid some casting with a helper, also prepares the way for
overloading the LSB of jump_entry::key.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      7dcfd915
    • P
      jump_label, locking/static_keys: Rename JUMP_LABEL_TYPE_* and related helpers... · a1efb01f
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      jump_label, locking/static_keys: Rename JUMP_LABEL_TYPE_* and related helpers to the static_key* pattern

Rename the JUMP_LABEL_TYPE_* macros to be JUMP_TYPE_* and move the
inline helpers into kernel/jump_label.c, since that's the only place
they're ever used.

Also rename the helpers where it's all about static keys.

This is the second step in removing the naming confusion that has led to
a stream of avoidable bugs such as:

  a833581e ("x86, perf: Fix static_key bug in load_mm_cr4()")
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      a1efb01f
    • P
      jump_label: Rename JUMP_LABEL_{EN,DIS}ABLE to JUMP_LABEL_{JMP,NOP} · 76b235c6
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      Since we've already stepped away from ENABLE is a JMP and DISABLE is a
NOP with the branch_default bits, and are going to make it even worse,
rename it to make it all clearer.

This way we don't mix multiple levels of logic attributes, but have a
plain 'physical' name for what the current instruction patching status
of a jump label is.

This is a first step in removing the naming confusion that has led to
a stream of avoidable bugs such as:

  a833581e ("x86, perf: Fix static_key bug in load_mm_cr4()")
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
[ Beefed up the changelog. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      76b235c6
  21. 27 5月, 2015 1 次提交
    • P
      module, jump_label: Fix module locking · bed831f9
      由 Peter Zijlstra 提交于 
      As per the module core lockdep annotations in the coming patch:

[   18.034047] ---[ end trace 9294429076a9c673 ]---
[   18.047760] Hardware name: Intel Corporation S2600GZ/S2600GZ, BIOS SE5C600.86B.02.02.0002.122320131210 12/23/2013
[   18.059228]  ffffffff817d8676 ffff880036683c38 ffffffff8157e98b 0000000000000001
[   18.067541]  0000000000000000 ffff880036683c78 ffffffff8105fbc7 ffff880036683c68
[   18.075851]  ffffffffa0046b08 0000000000000000 ffffffffa0046d00 ffffffffa0046cc8
[   18.084173] Call Trace:
[   18.086906]  [<ffffffff8157e98b>] dump_stack+0x4f/0x7b
[   18.092649]  [<ffffffff8105fbc7>] warn_slowpath_common+0x97/0xe0
[   18.099361]  [<ffffffff8105fc2a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
[   18.105880]  [<ffffffff810ee502>] __module_address+0x1d2/0x1e0
[   18.112400]  [<ffffffff81161153>] jump_label_module_notify+0x143/0x1e0
[   18.119710]  [<ffffffff810814bf>] notifier_call_chain+0x4f/0x70
[   18.126326]  [<ffffffff8108160e>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x5e/0x90
[   18.134009]  [<ffffffff81081656>] blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
[   18.141490]  [<ffffffff810f0f00>] load_module+0x1b50/0x2660
[   18.147720]  [<ffffffff810f1ade>] SyS_init_module+0xce/0x100
[   18.154045]  [<ffffffff81587429>] system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17
[   18.160748] ---[ end trace 9294429076a9c674 ]---

Jump labels is not doing it right; fix this.

Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Acked-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
      bed831f9
  23. 20 10月, 2013 1 次提交
    • H
      static_key: WARN on usage before jump_label_init was called · c4b2c0c5
      由 Hannes Frederic Sowa 提交于 
      Usage of the static key primitives to toggle a branch must not be used
before jump_label_init() is called from init/main.c. jump_label_init
reorganizes and wires up the jump_entries so usage before that could
have unforeseen consequences.

Following primitives are now checked for correct use:
* static_key_slow_inc
* static_key_slow_dec
* static_key_slow_dec_deferred
* jump_label_rate_limit

The x86 architecture already checks this by testing if the default_nop
was already replaced with an optimal nop or with a branch instruction. It
will panic then. Other architectures don't check for this.

Because we need to relax this check for the x86 arch to allow code to
transition from default_nop to the enabled state and other architectures
did not check for this at all this patch introduces checking on the
static_key primitives in a non-arch dependent manner.

All checked functions are considered slow-path so the additional check
does no harm to performance.

The warnings are best observed with earlyprintk.

Based on a patch from Andi Kleen.

Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
      c4b2c0c5
  25. 09 8月, 2013 1 次提交
  27. 07 8月, 2012 1 次提交
  29. 29 2月, 2012 1 次提交
  31. 24 2月, 2012 1 次提交
    • I
      static keys: Introduce 'struct static_key', static_key_true()/false() and... · c5905afb
      由 Ingo Molnar 提交于 
      static keys: Introduce 'struct static_key', static_key_true()/false() and static_key_slow_[inc|dec]()

So here's a boot tested patch on top of Jason's series that does
all the cleanups I talked about and turns jump labels into a
more intuitive to use facility. It should also address the
various misconceptions and confusions that surround jump labels.

Typical usage scenarios:

        #include <linux/static_key.h>

        struct static_key key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;

        if (static_key_false(&key))
                do unlikely code
        else
                do likely code

Or:

        if (static_key_true(&key))
                do likely code
        else
                do unlikely code

The static key is modified via:

        static_key_slow_inc(&key);
        ...
        static_key_slow_dec(&key);

The 'slow' prefix makes it abundantly clear that this is an
expensive operation.

I've updated all in-kernel code to use this everywhere. Note
that I (intentionally) have not pushed through the rename
blindly through to the lowest levels: the actual jump-label
patching arch facility should be named like that, so we want to
decouple jump labels from the static-key facility a bit.

On non-jump-label enabled architectures static keys default to
likely()/unlikely() branches.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: ddaney.cavm@gmail.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120222085809.GA26397@elte.huSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      c5905afb
  33. 22 2月, 2012 2 次提交
  35. 27 12月, 2011 1 次提交
  37. 07 12月, 2011 2 次提交
  39. 06 12月, 2011 2 次提交
  41. 08 11月, 2011 1 次提交
  43. 26 10月, 2011 3 次提交
  45. 29 6月, 2011 1 次提交
  47. 26 5月, 2011 1 次提交
  49. 05 4月, 2011 1 次提交
    • J
      jump label: Introduce static_branch() interface · d430d3d7
      由 Jason Baron 提交于 
      Introduce:

static __always_inline bool static_branch(struct jump_label_key *key);

instead of the old JUMP_LABEL(key, label) macro.

In this way, jump labels become really easy to use:

Define:

        struct jump_label_key jump_key;

Can be used as:

        if (static_branch(&jump_key))
                do unlikely code

enable/disale via:

        jump_label_inc(&jump_key);
        jump_label_dec(&jump_key);

that's it!

For the jump labels disabled case, the static_branch() becomes an
atomic_read(), and jump_label_inc()/dec() are simply atomic_inc(),
atomic_dec() operations. We show testing results for this change below.

Thanks to H. Peter Anvin for suggesting the 'static_branch()' construct.

Since we now require a 'struct jump_label_key *key', we can store a pointer into
the jump table addresses. In this way, we can enable/disable jump labels, in
basically constant time. This change allows us to completely remove the previous
hashtable scheme. Thanks to Peter Zijlstra for this re-write.

Testing:

I ran a series of 'tbench 20' runs 5 times (with reboots) for 3
configurations, where tracepoints were disabled.

jump label configured in
avg: 815.6

jump label *not* configured in (using atomic reads)
avg: 800.1

jump label *not* configured in (regular reads)
avg: 803.4
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20110316212947.GA8792@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: NDavid Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Acked-by: NRalf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NMathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
      d430d3d7