The oom killer currently schedules away from current in an uninterruptible
sleep if it does not have access to memory reserves.  It's possible that
current was killed because it shares memory with the oom killed thread or
because it was killed by the user in the interim, however.

This patch only schedules away from current if it does not have a pending
kill, i.e.  if it does not share memory with the oom killed thread.  It's
possible that it will immediately retry its memory allocation and fail,
but it will immediately be given access to memory reserves if it calls the
oom killer again.

This prevents the delay of memory freeing when threads that share memory
with the oom killed thread get unnecessarily scheduled.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We already hold the hugetlb_lock.  That should prevent a parallel cgroup
rmdir from touching page's hugetlb cgroup.  So remove the exclude and
wakeup calls.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A page's hugetlb cgroup assignment and movement to the active list should
occur with hugetlb_lock held.  Otherwise when we remove the hugetlb cgroup
we will iterate the active list and find pages with NULL hugetlb cgroup
values.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When we fail to allocate pages from the reserve pool, hugetlb tries to
allocate huge pages using alloc_buddy_huge_page.  Add these to the active
list.  We also need to add the huge page we allocate when we soft offline
the oldpage to active list.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With HugeTLB pages, hugetlb cgroup is uncharged in compound page
destructor.  Since we are holding a hugepage reference, we can be sure
that old page won't get uncharged till the last put_page().
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the control files for hugetlb controller

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB_RES_CTLR/CONFIG_MEMCG_HUGETLB/g]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/CONFIG_MEMCG_HUGETLB/CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB/]
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add support for cgroup removal.  If we don't have parent cgroup, the
charges are moved to root cgroup.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the charge and uncharge routines for hugetlb cgroup.  We do cgroup
charging in page alloc and uncharge in compound page destructor.
Assigning page's hugetlb cgroup is protected by hugetlb_lock.

[liwp@linux.vnet.ibm.com: add huge_page_order check to avoid incorrect uncharge]
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NWanpeng Li <liwp.linux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the hugetlb cgroup pointer to 3rd page lru.next.  This limit the usage
to hugetlb cgroup to only hugepages with 3 or more normal pages.  I guess
that is an acceptable limitation.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Implement a new controller that allows us to control HugeTLB allocations.
The extension allows to limit the HugeTLB usage per control group and
enforces the controller limit during page fault.  Since HugeTLB doesn't
support page reclaim, enforcing the limit at page fault time implies that,
the application will get SIGBUS signal if it tries to access HugeTLB pages
beyond its limit.  This requires the application to know beforehand how
much HugeTLB pages it would require for its use.

The charge/uncharge calls will be added to HugeTLB code in later patch.
Support for cgroup removal will be added in later patches.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB_RES_CTLR/CONFIG_MEMCG_HUGETLB/g]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/CONFIG_MEMCG_HUGETLB/CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB/g]
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We will use them later in hugetlb_cgroup.c
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

hugepage_activelist will be used to track currently used HugeTLB pages.
We need to find the in-use HugeTLB pages to support HugeTLB cgroup removal.
On cgroup removal we update the page's HugeTLB cgroup to point to parent
cgroup.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since we migrate only one hugepage, don't use linked list for passing the
page around.  Directly pass the page that need to be migrated as argument.
This also removes the usage of page->lru in the migrate path.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Use a mmu_gather instead of a temporary linked list for accumulating pages
when we unmap a hugepage range
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add an inline helper and use it in the code.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The current use of VM_FAULT_* codes with ERR_PTR requires us to ensure
VM_FAULT_* values will not exceed MAX_ERRNO value.  Decouple the
VM_FAULT_* values from MAX_ERRNO.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patchset implements a cgroup resource controller for HugeTLB pages.
The controller allows to limit the HugeTLB usage per control group and
enforces the controller limit during page fault.  Since HugeTLB doesn't
support page reclaim, enforcing the limit at page fault time implies that,
the application will get SIGBUS signal if it tries to access HugeTLB pages
beyond its limit.  This requires the application to know beforehand how
much HugeTLB pages it would require for its use.

The goal is to control how many HugeTLB pages a group of task can
allocate.  It can be looked at as an extension of the existing quota
interface which limits the number of HugeTLB pages per hugetlbfs
superblock.  HPC job scheduler requires jobs to specify their resource
requirements in the job file.  Once their requirements can be met, job
schedulers like (SLURM) will schedule the job.  We need to make sure that
the jobs won't consume more resources than requested.  If they do we
should either error out or kill the application.

This patch:

Rename max_hstate to hugetlb_max_hstate.  We will be using this from other
subsystems like hugetlb controller in later patches.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since per-BDI flusher threads were introduced in 2.6, the pdflush
mechanism is not used any more.  But the old interface exported through
/proc/sys/vm/nr_pdflush_threads still exists and is obviously useless.

For back-compatibility, printk warning information and return 2 to notify
the users that the interface is removed.
Signed-off-by: NWanpeng Li <liwp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently, function should_fail() has "bool" for its return value, so it's
reasonable to change the return value of function should_fail_alloc_page()
into "bool" as well.

The patch does cleanup on function should_fail_alloc_page() to have "bool"
for its return value.
Signed-off-by: NGavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vm_stat_account() accounts the shared_vm, stack_vm and reserved_vm now.
But we can also account for total_vm in the vm_stat_account() which makes
the code tidy.

Even for mprotect_fixup(), we can get the right result in the end.
Signed-off-by: NHuang Shijie <shijie8@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix of the documentation of /proc/sys/vm/page-cluster to match the
behavior of the code and add some comments about what the tunable will
change in that behavior.
Signed-off-by: NChristian Ehrhardt <ehrhardt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Reviewed-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Swap readahead works fine, but the I/O to disk is almost always done in
page size requests, despite the fact that readahead submits
1<<page-cluster pages at a time.

On older kernels the old per device plugging behavior might have captured
this and merged the requests, but currently all comes down to much more
I/Os than required.

On a single device this might not be an issue, but as soon as a server
runs on shared san resources savin I/Os not only improves swapin
throughput but also provides a lower resource utilization.

With a load running KVM in a lot of memory overcommitment (the hot memory
is 1.5 times the host memory) swapping throughput improves significantly
and the lead feels more responsive as well as achieves more throughput.

In a test setup with 16 swap disks running blocktrace on one of those disks
shows the improved merging:
Prior:
Reads Queued:     560,888,    2,243MiB  Writes Queued:     226,242,  904,968KiB
Read Dispatches:  544,701,    2,243MiB  Write Dispatches:  159,318,  904,968KiB
Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
Reads Completed:  544,716,    2,243MiB  Writes Completed:  159,321,  904,980KiB
Read Merges:       16,187,   64,748KiB  Write Merges:       61,744,  246,976KiB
IO unplugs:       149,614               Timer unplugs:       2,940

With the patch:
Reads Queued:     734,315,    2,937MiB  Writes Queued:     300,188,    1,200MiB
Read Dispatches:  214,972,    2,937MiB  Write Dispatches:  215,176,    1,200MiB
Reads Requeued:         0               Writes Requeued:         0
Reads Completed:  214,971,    2,937MiB  Writes Completed:  215,177,    1,200MiB
Read Merges:      519,343,    2,077MiB  Write Merges:       73,325,  293,300KiB
IO unplugs:       337,130               Timer unplugs:      11,184

I got ~10% to ~40% more throughput in my cases and at the same time much
lower cpu consumption when broken down per transferred kilobyte (the
majority of that due to saved interrupts and better cache handling).  In a
shared SAN others might get an additional benefit as well, because this
now causes less protocol overhead.
Signed-off-by: NChristian Ehrhardt <ehrhardt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Reviewed-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are no users since commit b2402857 ("memcg: remove PCG_CACHE").
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now, in memcg, 2 "MAPPED" enum/macro are found
 MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_MAPPED
 MEM_CGROUP_STAT_FILE_MAPPED

Thier names looks similar to each other but the former is used for
accounting anonymous memory. rename it as TYPE_ANON.
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

MEM_CGROUP_STAT_SWAPOUT represents the usage of swap rather than
the number of swap-out events. Rename it to be MEM_CGROUP_STAT_SWAP.
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

If someone calls vb_alloc() (or vm_map_ram() for that matter) to allocate
0 bytes (0 pages), get_order() returns BITS_PER_LONG - PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
and interesting stuff happens.  So make debugging such problems easier and
warn about 0-size allocation.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use WARN_ON-return-value feature]
Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There's a walk by repeating rb_next to find a suitable hole.  Could be
simply replaced by walk on the sorted vmap_area_list.  More simpler and
efficient.

Mutation of the list and tree only happens in pair within
__insert_vmap_area and __free_vmap_area, under protection of
vmap_area_lock.  The patch code is also under vmap_area_lock, so the list
walk is safe, and consistent with the tree walk.

Tested on SMP by repeating batch of vmalloc anf vfree for random sizes and
rounds for hours.
Signed-off-by: NHong Zhiguo <honkiko@gmail.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix zillions of these:

drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: error: unknown field 'func' specified in initializer
drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: warning: missing braces around initializer
drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: warning: (near initialization for 'v4l2_ioctls[0].<anonymous>')
drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: warning: initialization makes integer from pointer without a cast
drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: error: initializer element is not computable at load time
drivers/media/video/v4l2-ioctl.c:1848: error: (near initialization for 'v4l2_ioctls[0].<anonymous>.offset')

Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This will fix build errors:

block/blk-cgroup.c:609:2: error: unknown type name 'atomic64_t'
block/blk-cgroup.c:609:2: error: implicit declaration of function 'ATOMIC64_INIT' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

"fault-injection: add tool to run command with failslab or
fail_page_alloc" added tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh to make it
easier to inject slab/page allocation failures by fault injection.

failcmd.sh prints the following warning when running with arguments
for command.

	# ./failcmd.sh echo aaa
	failcmd.sh: line 209: [: echo: binary operator expected
	aaa

This warning is caused by an improper check whether at least one
parameter is left after parsing command options.

Fix it by testing the length of $1 instead of $@
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull writeback updates from Wu Fengguang:
 "Use time based periods to age the writeback proportions, which can
  adapt equally well to fast/slow devices."

Fix up trivial conflict in comment in fs/sync.c

* tag 'writeback-proportions' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wfg/linux:
  writeback: Fix some comment errors
  block: Convert BDI proportion calculations to flexible proportions
  lib: Fix possible deadlock in flexible proportion code
  lib: Proportions with flexible period

Pull NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
 "Features include:
   - More preparatory patches for modularising NFSv2/v3/v4.  Split out
     the various NFSv2/v3/v4-specific code into separate files
   - More preparation for the NFSv4 migration code
   - Ensure that OPEN(O_CREATE) observes the pNFS mds threshold
     parameters
   - pNFS fast failover when the data servers are down
   - Various cleanups and debugging patches"

* tag 'nfs-for-3.6-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs: (67 commits)
  nfs: fix fl_type tests in NFSv4 code
  NFS: fix pnfs regression with directio writes
  NFS: fix pnfs regression with directio reads
  sunrpc: clnt: Add missing braces
  nfs: fix stub return type warnings
  NFS: exit_nfs_v4() shouldn't be an __exit function
  SUNRPC: Add a missing spin_unlock to gss_mech_list_pseudoflavors
  NFS: Split out NFS v4 client functions
  NFS: Split out the NFS v4 filesystem types
  NFS: Create a single nfs_clone_super() function
  NFS: Split out NFS v4 server creating code
  NFS: Initialize the NFS v4 client from init_nfs_v4()
  NFS: Move the v4 getroot code to nfs4getroot.c
  NFS: Split out NFS v4 file operations
  NFS: Initialize v4 sysctls from nfs_init_v4()
  NFS: Create an init_nfs_v4() function
  NFS: Split out NFS v4 inode operations
  NFS: Split out NFS v3 inode operations
  NFS: Split out NFS v2 inode operations
  NFS: Clean up nfs4_proc_setclientid() and friends
  ...

Pull MFD fix from Samuel Ortiz:
 "This one fixes an s5m8767 regulator build breakage due to a merge
  conflict caused by the MFD s5m API changes."

* tag 'mfd-for-linus-3.6-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sameo/mfd-2.6:
  regulator: Fix an s5m8767 build failure

Pull media updates from Mauro Carvalho Chehab:
 "This is the first part of the media patches for v3.6.

  This patch series contain:
   - new DVB frontend: rtl2832
   - new video drivers: adv7393
   - some unused files got removed
   - a selection API cleanup between V4L2 and V4L2 subdev API's
   - a major redesign at v4l-ioctl2, in order to clean it up
   - several driver fixes and improvements."

* 'v4l_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (174 commits)
  v4l: Export v4l2-common.h in include/linux/Kbuild
  media: Revert "[media] Terratec Cinergy S2 USB HD Rev.2"
  [media] media: Use pr_info not homegrown pr_reg macro
  [media] Terratec Cinergy S2 USB HD Rev.2
  [media] v4l: Correct conflicting V4L2 subdev selection API documentation
  [media] Feature removal: V4L2 selections API target and flag definitions
  [media] v4l: Unify selection flags documentation
  [media] v4l: Unify selection flags
  [media] v4l: Common documentation for selection targets
  [media] v4l: Unify selection targets across V4L2 and V4L2 subdev interfaces
  [media] v4l: Remove "_ACTUAL" from subdev selection API target definition names
  [media] V4L: Remove "_ACTIVE" from the selection target name definitions
  [media] media: dvb-usb: print mac address via native %pM
  [media] s5p-tv: Use module_i2c_driver in sii9234_drv.c file
  [media] media: gpio-ir-recv: add allowed_protos for platform data
  [media] s5p-jpeg: Use module_platform_driver in jpeg-core.c file
  [media] saa7134: fix spelling of detach in label
  [media] cx88-blackbird: replace ioctl by unlocked_ioctl
  [media] cx88: don't use current_norm
  [media] cx88: fix a number of v4l2-compliance violations
  ...

Merge Andrew's first set of patches:
 "Non-MM patches:

   - lots of misc bits

   - tree-wide have_clk() cleanups

   - quite a lot of printk tweaks.  I draw your attention to "printk:
     convert the format for KERN_<LEVEL> to a 2 byte pattern" which
     looks a bit scary.  But afaict it's solid.

   - backlight updates

   - lib/ feature work (notably the addition and use of memweight())

   - checkpatch updates

   - rtc updates

   - nilfs updates

   - fatfs updates (partial, still waiting for acks)

   - kdump, proc, fork, IPC, sysctl, taskstats, pps, etc

   - new fault-injection feature work"

* Merge emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (128 commits)
  drivers/misc/lkdtm.c: fix missing allocation failure check
  lib/scatterlist: do not re-write gfp_flags in __sg_alloc_table()
  fault-injection: add tool to run command with failslab or fail_page_alloc
  fault-injection: add selftests for cpu and memory hotplug
  powerpc: pSeries reconfig notifier error injection module
  memory: memory notifier error injection module
  PM: PM notifier error injection module
  cpu: rewrite cpu-notifier-error-inject module
  fault-injection: notifier error injection
  c/r: fcntl: add F_GETOWNER_UIDS option
  resource: make sure requested range is included in the root range
  include/linux/aio.h: cpp->C conversions
  fs: cachefiles: add support for large files in filesystem caching
  pps: return PTR_ERR on error in device_create
  taskstats: check nla_reserve() return
  sysctl: suppress kmemleak messages
  ipc: use Kconfig options for __ARCH_WANT_[COMPAT_]IPC_PARSE_VERSION
  ipc: compat: use signed size_t types for msgsnd and msgrcv
  ipc: allow compat IPC version field parsing if !ARCH_WANT_OLD_COMPAT_IPC
  ipc: add COMPAT_SHMLBA support
  ...

Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44691

Reported-by: <rucsoftsec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We are seeing a lot of sg_alloc_table allocation failures using the new
drm prime infrastructure.  We isolated the cause to code in
__sg_alloc_table that was re-writing the gfp_flags.

There is a comment in the code that suggest that there is an assumption
about the allocation coming from a memory pool.  This was likely true
when sg lists were primarily used for disk I/O.
Signed-off-by: NMandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Rob Clark <rob.clark@linaro.org>
Cc: Sumit Semwal <sumit.semwal@linaro.org>
Cc: Inki Dae <inki.dae@samsung.com>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@chromium.org>
Cc: Olof Johansson <olofj@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This adds tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh to run a command while
injecting slab/page allocation failures via fault injection.

Example:

Run a command "make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests" with
injecting slab allocation failure.

	# ./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh \
		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests

Same as above except to specify 100 times failures at most instead of
one time at most by default.

	# ./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh --times=100 \
		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests

Same as above except to inject page allocation failure instead of slab
allocation failure.

	# env FAILCMD_TYPE=fail_page_alloc \
		./tools/testing/fault-injection/failcmd.sh --times=100 \
		-- make -C tools/testing/selftests/ run_tests
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This adds two selftests

* tools/testing/selftests/cpu-hotplug/on-off-test.sh is testing script
for CPU hotplug

1. Online all hot-pluggable CPUs
2. Offline all hot-pluggable CPUs
3. Online all hot-pluggable CPUs again
4. Exit if cpu-notifier-error-inject.ko is not available
5. Offline all hot-pluggable CPUs in preparation for testing
6. Test CPU hot-add error handling by injecting notifier errors
7. Online all hot-pluggable CPUs in preparation for testing
8. Test CPU hot-remove error handling by injecting notifier errors

* tools/testing/selftests/memory-hotplug/on-off-test.sh is doing the
similar thing for memory hotplug.

1. Online all hot-pluggable memory
2. Offline 10% of hot-pluggable memory
3. Online all hot-pluggable memory again
4. Exit if memory-notifier-error-inject.ko is not available
5. Offline 10% of hot-pluggable memory in preparation for testing
6. Test memory hot-add error handling by injecting notifier errors
7. Online all hot-pluggable memory in preparation for testing
8. Test memory hot-remove error handling by injecting notifier errors
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>