The system management unit (SMU) is a subcomponent of the northbridge
that is responsible for a variety of system and power management tasks
during boot and runtime for GPU. In powerplay, it will be used on
firmware loading and power task management. This patch adds SMU
mananger for iceland.
Signed-off-by: NHuang Rui <ray.huang@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

v2: cleanup headers, add copyright
Signed-off-by: NHuang Rui <ray.huang@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Saves us quite a bunch of code.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Saves us quite a bunch of code.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Saves us some code.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Warn when we try to get the address and the BO isn't locked or reserved.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

They can't move anyway, but just to be clean here.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

We often allocate, pin and map things at the same time in the kernel.
Signed-off-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChunming Zhou <david1.zhou@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Check gpu status first, if MC/VMC/DISPLAY hang, directly triger full reset.
If engine hangs, then triger engine soft reset, if soft reset fails, will
fallback to full reset.
Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

It will be used before soft_reset to do some preparing work for reset.
Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

It is used to identify if the ip block is hang.
Signed-off-by: NChunming Zhou <David1.Zhou@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

drm_connector_register_all requires a few too many locks because our
connector_list locking is busted. Add another FIXME+hack to work
around this. This should address the below lockdep splat:

======================================================
[ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
4.7.0-rc5+ #524 Tainted: G           O
-------------------------------------------------------
kworker/u8:0/6 is trying to acquire lock:
 (&dev->mode_config.mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff815afde0>] drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120

but task is already holding lock:
 ((fb_notifier_list).rwsem){++++.+}, at: [<ffffffff810ac195>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x35/0x70

which lock already depends on the new lock.

the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #1 ((fb_notifier_list).rwsem){++++.+}:
       [<ffffffff810df611>] lock_acquire+0xb1/0x200
       [<ffffffff819a55b4>] down_write+0x44/0x80
       [<ffffffff810abf91>] blocking_notifier_chain_register+0x21/0xb0
       [<ffffffff814c7448>] fb_register_client+0x18/0x20
       [<ffffffff814c6c86>] backlight_device_register+0x136/0x260
       [<ffffffffa0127eb2>] intel_backlight_device_register+0xa2/0x160 [i915]
       [<ffffffffa00f46be>] intel_connector_register+0xe/0x10 [i915]
       [<ffffffffa0112bfb>] intel_dp_connector_register+0x1b/0x80 [i915]
       [<ffffffff8159dfea>] drm_connector_register+0x4a/0x80
       [<ffffffff8159fe44>] drm_connector_register_all+0x64/0xf0
       [<ffffffff815a2a64>] drm_modeset_register_all+0x174/0x1c0
       [<ffffffff81599b72>] drm_dev_register+0xc2/0xd0
       [<ffffffffa00621d7>] i915_driver_load+0x1547/0x2200 [i915]
       [<ffffffffa006d80f>] i915_pci_probe+0x4f/0x70 [i915]
       [<ffffffff814a2135>] local_pci_probe+0x45/0xa0
       [<ffffffff814a349b>] pci_device_probe+0xdb/0x130
       [<ffffffff815c07e3>] driver_probe_device+0x223/0x440
       [<ffffffff815c0ad5>] __driver_attach+0xd5/0x100
       [<ffffffff815be386>] bus_for_each_dev+0x66/0xa0
       [<ffffffff815c002e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20
       [<ffffffff815bf9be>] bus_add_driver+0x1ee/0x280
       [<ffffffff815c1810>] driver_register+0x60/0xe0
       [<ffffffff814a1a10>] __pci_register_driver+0x60/0x70
       [<ffffffffa01a905b>] i915_init+0x5b/0x62 [i915]
       [<ffffffff8100042d>] do_one_initcall+0x3d/0x150
       [<ffffffff811a935b>] do_init_module+0x5f/0x1d9
       [<ffffffff81124416>] load_module+0x20e6/0x27e0
       [<ffffffff81124d63>] SYSC_finit_module+0xc3/0xf0
       [<ffffffff81124dae>] SyS_finit_module+0xe/0x10
       [<ffffffff819a83a9>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1c/0xac

-> #0 (&dev->mode_config.mutex){+.+.+.}:
       [<ffffffff810df0ac>] __lock_acquire+0x10fc/0x1260
       [<ffffffff810df611>] lock_acquire+0xb1/0x200
       [<ffffffff819a3097>] mutex_lock_nested+0x67/0x3c0
       [<ffffffff815afde0>] drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120
       [<ffffffff8158f79b>] drm_fb_helper_restore_fbdev_mode_unlocked+0x2b/0x80
       [<ffffffff8158f81d>] drm_fb_helper_set_par+0x2d/0x50
       [<ffffffffa0105f7a>] intel_fbdev_set_par+0x1a/0x60 [i915]
       [<ffffffff814c13c6>] fbcon_init+0x586/0x610
       [<ffffffff8154d16a>] visual_init+0xca/0x130
       [<ffffffff8154e611>] do_bind_con_driver+0x1c1/0x3a0
       [<ffffffff8154eaf6>] do_take_over_console+0x116/0x180
       [<ffffffff814bd3a7>] do_fbcon_takeover+0x57/0xb0
       [<ffffffff814c1e48>] fbcon_event_notify+0x658/0x750
       [<ffffffff810abcae>] notifier_call_chain+0x3e/0xb0
       [<ffffffff810ac1ad>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x4d/0x70
       [<ffffffff810ac1e6>] blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
       [<ffffffff814c748b>] fb_notifier_call_chain+0x1b/0x20
       [<ffffffff814c86b1>] register_framebuffer+0x251/0x330
       [<ffffffff8158fa9f>] drm_fb_helper_initial_config+0x25f/0x3f0
       [<ffffffffa0106b48>] intel_fbdev_initial_config+0x18/0x30 [i915]
       [<ffffffff810adfd8>] async_run_entry_fn+0x48/0x150
       [<ffffffff810a3947>] process_one_work+0x1e7/0x750
       [<ffffffff810a3efb>] worker_thread+0x4b/0x4f0
       [<ffffffff810aad4f>] kthread+0xef/0x110
       [<ffffffff819a85ef>] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40

other info that might help us debug this:

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock((fb_notifier_list).rwsem);
                               lock(&dev->mode_config.mutex);
                               lock((fb_notifier_list).rwsem);
  lock(&dev->mode_config.mutex);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

6 locks held by kworker/u8:0/6:
 #0:  ("events_unbound"){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff810a38c9>] process_one_work+0x169/0x750
 #1:  ((&entry->work)){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff810a38c9>] process_one_work+0x169/0x750
 #2:  (registration_lock){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff814c8487>] register_framebuffer+0x27/0x330
 #3:  (console_lock){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff814c86ce>] register_framebuffer+0x26e/0x330
 #4:  (&fb_info->lock){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff814c78dd>] lock_fb_info+0x1d/0x40
 #5:  ((fb_notifier_list).rwsem){++++.+}, at: [<ffffffff810ac195>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x35/0x70

stack backtrace:
CPU: 2 PID: 6 Comm: kworker/u8:0 Tainted: G           O    4.7.0-rc5+ #524
Hardware name: Intel Corp. Broxton P/NOTEBOOK, BIOS APLKRVPA.X64.0138.B33.1606250842 06/25/2016
Workqueue: events_unbound async_run_entry_fn
 0000000000000000 ffff8800758577f0 ffffffff814507a5 ffffffff828b9900
 ffffffff828b9900 ffff880075857830 ffffffff810dc6fa ffff880075857880
 ffff88007584d688 0000000000000005 0000000000000006 ffff88007584d6b0
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff814507a5>] dump_stack+0x67/0x92
 [<ffffffff810dc6fa>] print_circular_bug+0x1aa/0x200
 [<ffffffff810df0ac>] __lock_acquire+0x10fc/0x1260
 [<ffffffff810df611>] lock_acquire+0xb1/0x200
 [<ffffffff815afde0>] ? drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120
 [<ffffffff815afde0>] ? drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120
 [<ffffffff819a3097>] mutex_lock_nested+0x67/0x3c0
 [<ffffffff815afde0>] ? drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120
 [<ffffffff810fa85f>] ? rcu_read_lock_sched_held+0x7f/0x90
 [<ffffffff81208218>] ? kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x248/0x2b0
 [<ffffffff815afdc5>] ? drm_modeset_lock_all+0x25/0x120
 [<ffffffff815afde0>] drm_modeset_lock_all+0x40/0x120
 [<ffffffff8158f79b>] drm_fb_helper_restore_fbdev_mode_unlocked+0x2b/0x80
 [<ffffffff8158f81d>] drm_fb_helper_set_par+0x2d/0x50
 [<ffffffffa0105f7a>] intel_fbdev_set_par+0x1a/0x60 [i915]
 [<ffffffff814c13c6>] fbcon_init+0x586/0x610
 [<ffffffff8154d16a>] visual_init+0xca/0x130
 [<ffffffff8154e611>] do_bind_con_driver+0x1c1/0x3a0
 [<ffffffff8154eaf6>] do_take_over_console+0x116/0x180
 [<ffffffff814bd3a7>] do_fbcon_takeover+0x57/0xb0
 [<ffffffff814c1e48>] fbcon_event_notify+0x658/0x750
 [<ffffffff810abcae>] notifier_call_chain+0x3e/0xb0
 [<ffffffff810ac1ad>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x4d/0x70
 [<ffffffff810ac1e6>] blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
 [<ffffffff814c748b>] fb_notifier_call_chain+0x1b/0x20
 [<ffffffff814c86b1>] register_framebuffer+0x251/0x330
 [<ffffffff815b7e8d>] ? vga_switcheroo_client_fb_set+0x5d/0x70
 [<ffffffff8158fa9f>] drm_fb_helper_initial_config+0x25f/0x3f0
 [<ffffffffa0106b48>] intel_fbdev_initial_config+0x18/0x30 [i915]
 [<ffffffff810adfd8>] async_run_entry_fn+0x48/0x150
 [<ffffffff810a3947>] process_one_work+0x1e7/0x750
 [<ffffffff810a38c9>] ? process_one_work+0x169/0x750
 [<ffffffff810a3efb>] worker_thread+0x4b/0x4f0
 [<ffffffff810a3eb0>] ? process_one_work+0x750/0x750
 [<ffffffff810aad4f>] kthread+0xef/0x110
 [<ffffffff819a85ef>] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40
 [<ffffffff810aac60>] ? kthread_stop+0x2e0/0x2e0

v2: Rebase onto the right branch (hand-editing patches ftw) and add more
reporters.
Reported-by: NImre Deak <imre.deak@intel.com>
Cc: Imre Deak <imre.deak@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Acked-by: NChris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Reported-by: NJiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>

The conversion of the rcar-du driver from the I2C slave encoder to the
DRM bridge API left the HDMI encoder's bridge pointer NULL, preventing
the bridge from being handled automatically by the DRM core. Fix it.

Fixes: 1d926114 ("drm: rcar-du: Remove i2c slave encoder interface for hdmi encoder")
Signed-off-by: NLaurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: NDave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>

Since commit 63a4cc24, bio->bi_rw contains flags in the lower
portion and the op code in the higher portions. This means that
old code that relies on manually setting bi_rw is most likely
going to be broken. Instead of letting that brokeness linger,
rename the member, to force old and out-of-tree code to break
at compile time instead of at runtime.

No intended functional changes in this commit.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

The original commit missed this function, it needs to mark it a
write flush.

Cc: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Fixes: e742fc32 ("target: use bio op accessors")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Commit abf54548 changed it from an 'rw' flags type to the
newer ops based interface, but now we're effectively leaking
some bdev internals to the rest of the kernel. Since we only
care about whether it's a read or a write at that level, just
pass in a bool 'is_write' parameter instead.

Then we can also move op_is_write() and friends back under
CONFIG_BLOCK protection.
Reviewed-by: NMike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Instead of a ramoops-specific node, use a child node of /reserved-memory.
This requires that of_platform_device_create() be explicitly called
for the node, though, since "/reserved-memory" does not have its own
"compatible" property.
Suggested-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Clean up duplicated expression by replacing it with the equivalent local
variable pdev.
Signed-off-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

It will be useful to know the hardware configured BAR size to diagnose
issues with NTB memory windows.
Signed-off-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

When the link goes down, the link_is_up flag did not return to
false. This could have caused some subtle corner case bugs
when the link goes up and down quickly.

Once that was fixed, there was found to be a race if the link was
brought down then immediately up. The link_cleanup work would
occasionally be scheduled after the next link up event. This would
cancel the link_work that was supposed to occur and leave ntb_perf
in an unusable state.

To fix this we get rid of the link_cleanup work and put the actions
directly in the link_down event.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

This commit adds a debugfs 'count' file to ntb_pingpong. This is so
testing with ntb_pingpong can be automated beyond just checking the
logs for pong messages.

The count file returns a number which increments every pong. The
counter can be cleared by writing a zero.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

In order to more successfully script with ntb_tool it's useful to
have a link file to check the link status so that the script
doesn't use the other files until the link is up.

This commit adds a 'link' file to the debugfs directory which reads
boolean (Y or N) depending on the link status. Writing to the file
change the link state using ntb_link_enable or ntb_link_disable.

A 'link_event' file is also provided so an application can block until
the link changes to the desired state. If the user writes a 1, it will
block until the link is up. If the user writes a 0, it will block until
the link is down.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

In order to make the interface closer to the raw NTB API, this commit
changes memory windows so they are not initialized on link up.
Instead, the 'peer_trans*' debugfs files are introduced. When read,
they return information provided by ntb_mw_get_range. When written,
they create a buffer and initialize the memory window. The
value written is taken as the requested size of the buffer (which
is then rounded for alignment). Writing a value of zero frees the buffer
and tears down the memory window translation. The 'peer_mw*' file is
only created once the memory window translation is setup by the user.

Additionally, it was noticed that the read and write functions for the
'peer_mw*' files should have checked for a NULL pointer.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

Instead of returning immediately with an error when the link is
down, wait for the link to come up (or the user sends a SIGINT).

This is to make scripting ntb_perf easier.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

Instead of having to watch logs, allow the results to be retrieved
by reading back the run file. This file will return "running" when
the test is running and nothing if no tests have been run yet.
It returns 1 line per thread, and will display an error message if the
corresponding thread returns an error.

With the above change, the pr_info calls that returned the results are
then changed to pr_debug calls.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

This commit accomplishes a few things:

1) Properly prevent multiple sets of threads from running at once using
a mutex. Lots of race issues existed with the thread_cleanup.

2) The mutex allows us to ensure that threads are finished before
tearing down the device or module.

3) Don't use kthread_stop when the threads can exit by themselves, as
this is counter-indicated by the kthread_create documentation. Threads
now wait for kthread_stop to occur.

4) Writing to the run file now blocks until the threads are complete.
The test can then be safely interrupted by a SIGINT.

Also, while I was at it:

5) debugfs_run_write shouldn't return 0 in the early check cases as this
could cause debugfs_run_write to loop undesirably.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

When debugging performance problems, if some issue causes the ntb
hardware to be significantly slower than expected, ntb_perf will
hang requiring a reboot because it only schedules once every 4GB.

Instead, schedule based on jiffies so it will not hang the CPU if
the transfer is slow.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

I'm working on hardware that currently has a limited number of
scratchpad registers and ntb_ndev fails with no clue as to why. I
feel it is better to fail early and provide a reasonable error message
then to fail later on.

The same is done to ntb_perf, but it doesn't currently require enough
spads to actually fail. I've also removed the unused SPAD_MSG and
SPAD_ACK enums so that MAX_SPAD accurately reflects the number of
spads used.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

We allocate some memory window buffers when the link comes up, then we
provide debugfs files to read/write each side of the link.

This is useful for debugging the mapping when writing new drivers.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NAllen Hubbe <Allen.Hubbe@emc.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

On my system, dma_alloc_coherent won't produce memory anywhere
near the size of the BAR. So I needed a way to limit this.

It's pretty much copied straight from ntb_transport.
Signed-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Acked-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>

Currently we only allocate a fixed default number of descriptors for the tx
and rx side. We should dynamically resize it to the number of descriptors
resides in the transport rings. We should know the number of transmit
descriptors at initializaiton. We will allocate the default number of
descriptors for receive side and allocate additional ones when we know the
actual max entries for receive.
Signed-off-by: NDave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Acked-by: NAllen Hubbe <allen.hubbe@emc.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Mason <jdmason@kudzu.us>