Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The only use outside of kernel/timer.c was in kernel/compat.c, so move
compat_sys_sysinfo() next to sys_sysinfo() in kernel/timer.c.
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Move the sysctl-related bits from include/linux/sched.h into
a new file: include/linux/sched/sysctl.h. Then update source
files requiring access to those bits by including the new
header file.
Signed-off-by: NClark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130207094659.06dced96@riff.lanSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

klogd is woken up asynchronously from the tick in order
to do it safely.

However if printk is called when the tick is stopped, the reader
won't be woken up until the next interrupt, which might not fire
for a while. As a result, the user may miss some message.

To fix this, lets implement the printk tick using a lazy irq work.
This subsystem takes care of the timer tick state and can
fix up accordingly.
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

Adding two (or more) timers with large values for "expires" (they have
to reside within tv5 in the same list) leads to endless looping
between cascade() and internal_add_timer() in case CONFIG_BASE_SMALL
is one and jiffies are crossing the value 1 << 18. The bug was
introduced between 2.6.11 and 2.6.12 (and survived for quite some
time).

This patch ensures that when cascade() is called timers within tv5 are
not added endlessly to their own list again, instead they are added to
the next lower tv level tv4 (as expected).
Signed-off-by: NChristian Hildner <christian.hildner@siemens.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/98673C87CB31274881CFFE0B65ECC87B0F5FC1963E@DEFTHW99EA4MSX.ww902.siemens.netSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org

Timer internals are protected with irq-safe locks but timer execution
isn't, so a timer being dequeued for execution and its execution
aren't atomic against IRQs.  This makes it impossible to wait for its
completion from IRQ handlers and difficult to shoot down a timer from
IRQ handlers.

This issue caused some issues for delayed_work interface.  Because
there's no way to reliably shoot down delayed_work->timer from IRQ
handlers, __cancel_delayed_work() can't share the logic to steal the
target delayed_work with cancel_delayed_work_sync(), and can only
steal delayed_works which are on queued on timer.  Similarly, the
pending mod_delayed_work() can't be used from IRQ handlers.

This patch adds a new timer flag TIMER_IRQSAFE, which makes the timer
to be executed without enabling IRQ after dequeueing such that its
dequeueing and execution are atomic against IRQ handlers.

This makes it safe to wait for the timer's completion from IRQ
handlers, for example, using del_timer_sync().  It can never be
executing on the local CPU and if executing on other CPUs it won't be
interrupted until done.

This will enable simplifying delayed_work cancel/mod interface.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1344449428-24962-5-git-send-email-tj@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Over time, timer initializers became messy with unnecessarily
duplicated code which are inconsistently spread across timer.h and
timer.c.

This patch cleans up timer initializers.

* timer.c::__init_timer() is renamed to do_init_timer().

* __TIMER_INITIALIZER() added.  It takes @flags and all initializers
  are wrappers around it.

* init_timer[_on_stack]_key() now take @flags.

* __init_timer[_on_stack]() added.  They take @flags and all init
  macros are wrappers around them.

* __setup_timer[_on_stack]() added.  It uses __init_timer() and takes
  @flags.  All setup macros are wrappers around the two.

Note that this patch doesn't add missing init/setup combinations -
e.g. init_timer_deferrable_on_stack().  Adding missing ones is
trivial.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1344449428-24962-4-git-send-email-tj@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

To prepare for addition of another flag, generalize timer->base flags
handling.

* Rename from TBASE_*_FLAG to TIMER_* and make them LU constants.

* Define and use TIMER_FLAG_MASK for flags masking so that multiple
  flags can be handled correctly.

* Don't dereference timer->base directly even if
  !tbase_get_deferrable().  All two such places are already passed in
  @base, so use it instead.

* Make sure tvec_base's alignment is large enough for timer->base
  flags using BUILD_BUG_ON().
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1344449428-24962-2-git-send-email-tj@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

New helper: current_thread_info().  Allows to do a bunch of odd syscalls
in C. While we are at it, there had never been a reason to do
osf_getpriority() in assembler.  We also get "namespace"-aware (read:
consistent with getuid(2), etc.) behaviour from getx?id() syscalls now.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Cree <mcree@orcon.net.nz>
Acked-by: NMatt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Gilad reported at

 http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1336056962-10465-2-git-send-email-gilad@benyossef.com

"Current timer code fails to correctly return a value meaning that
 there is no future timer event, with the result that the timer keeps
 getting re-armed in HZ one shot mode even when we could turn it off,
 generating unneeded interrupts.

 What is happening is that when __next_timer_interrupt() wishes
 to return a value that signifies "there is no future timer
 event", it returns (base->timer_jiffies + NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA).

 However, the code in tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(), which called
 __next_timer_interrupt() via get_next_timer_interrupt(),
 compares the return value to (last_jiffies + NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA)
 to see if the timer needs to be re-armed.

 base->timer_jiffies != last_jiffies and so tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick()
 interperts the return value as indication that there is a distant
 future event 12 days from now and programs the timer to fire next
 after KTIME_MAX nsecs instead of avoiding to arm it. This ends up
 causing a needless interrupt once every KTIME_MAX nsecs."

Fix this by using the new active timer accounting. This avoids scans
when no active timer is enqueued completely, so we don't have to rely
on base->timer_next and base->timer_jiffies anymore.
Reported-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120525214819.317535385@linutronix.de

The code in get_next_timer_interrupt() is suboptimal as it has to run
through the cascade to find the next expiring timer. On a completely
idle core we should only do that when there is an active timer
enqueued and base->next_timer does not give us a fast answer.

Add accounting of the active timers to the now consolidated
attach/detach code. I deliberately avoided sanity checks because the
code is fully symetric and any fiddling with timers w/o using the API
functions will lead to cute explosions anyway. ulong is big enough
even on 32bit and if we really run into the situation to have more
than 1<<32 timers enqueued there, then we are definitely not in a
state to go idle and run through that code.

This allows us to fix another shortcoming of get_next_timer_interrupt().
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120525214819.236377028@linutronix.de

Another bunch of mindlessly copied code. All callers of
internal_add_timer() except the recascading code updates
base->next_timer.

Move this into internal_add_timer() and let the cascading code call
__internal_add_timer().
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120525214819.189946224@linutronix.de

Most callers of detach_timer() have the same pattern around
them. Check whether the timer is pending and eventually updating
base->next_timer.

Create detach_if_pending() and replace the duplicated code.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120525214819.131246037@linutronix.de

Under memory load, on x86_64, with lockdep enabled, the workqueue's
process_one_work() has been seen to oops in __lock_acquire(), barfing
on a 0xffffffff00000000 pointer in the lockdep_map's class_cache[].

Because it's permissible to free a work_struct from its callout function,
the map used is an onstack copy of the map given in the work_struct: and
that copy is made without any locking.

Surprisingly, gcc (4.5.1 in Hugh's case) uses "rep movsl" rather than
"rep movsq" for that structure copy: which might race with a workqueue
user's wait_on_work() doing lock_map_acquire() on the source of the
copy, putting a pointer into the class_cache[], but only in time for
the top half of that pointer to be copied to the destination map.

Boom when process_one_work() subsequently does lock_map_acquire()
on its onstack copy of the lockdep_map.

Fix this, and a similar instance in call_timer_fn(), with a
lockdep_copy_map() function which additionally NULLs the class_cache[].

Note: this oops was actually seen on 3.4-next, where flush_work() newly
does the racing lock_map_acquire(); but Tejun points out that 3.4 and
earlier are already vulnerable to the same through wait_on_work().

* Patch orginally from Peter.  Hugh modified it a bit and wrote the
  description.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reported-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.LSU.2.00.1205070951170.1544@eggly.anvils>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

Convert setregid, setgid, setreuid, setuid,
setresuid, getresuid, setresgid, getresgid, setfsuid, setfsgid,
getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid,
waitpid, waitid, wait4.

Convert userspace uids and gids into kuids and kgids before
being placed on struct cred.  Convert struct cred kuids and
kgids into userspace uids and gids when returning them.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>

The mod_timer_pinned() header comment states that it prevents timers
from being migrated to a different CPU.  This is not the case, instead,
it ensures that the timer is posted to the current CPU, but does nothing
to prevent CPU-hotplug operations from migrating the timer.

This commit therefore brings the comment header into alignment with
reality.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

In order to safely dereference current->real_parent inside an
rcu_read_lock, we need an rcu_dereference.
Signed-off-by: NMandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

del_timer_sync() calls debug_object_assert_init() to assert that
a timer has been initialized before calling lock_timer_base().
lock_timer_base() would spin forever on a NULL(uninit-ed) base.
The check is added to del_timer() to prevent silent failure, even
though it would not get stuck in an infinite loop.

[ sboyd@codeaurora.org: Remove WARN, intialize timer function]
Signed-off-by: NChristine Chan <cschan@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1320724108-20788-4-git-send-email-sboyd@codeaurora.orgSigned-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Remove the WARN_ON() in timer_fixup_activate() as we now get the
debugobjects printout in the debugobjects activate check.

We also assign a dummy timer callback so that if the timer is
actually set to fire we don't oops.

[ tglx@linutronix.de: Split out the debugobjects vs. the timer change ]
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Christine Chan <cschan@codeaurora.org>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1320724108-20788-2-git-send-email-sboyd@codeaurora.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

The changed files were only including linux/module.h for the
EXPORT_SYMBOL infrastructure, and nothing else.  Revector them
onto the isolated export header for faster compile times.

Nothing to see here but a whole lot of instances of:

  -#include <linux/module.h>
  +#include <linux/export.h>

This commit is only changing the kernel dir; next targets
will probably be mm, fs, the arch dirs, etc.
Signed-off-by: NPaul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

There is an optimization which does not update the timer if the timer
was pending and the expiration time was unchanged.

Since commit 3bbb9ec9 ("timers: Introduce the concept of timer slack
for legacy timers") this optimization is no longer applied for timers
where the expiration time got extended due to the slack value. So we
need to check again after the expiration time might have been updated.

[ tglx: Made it a single check by applying slack first and sorting
  out the slack = 0 value (all timeouts < 256 jiffies) early ]
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110521105828.GA29442@Chamillionaire.breakpoint.ccSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

In complex subsystems like mac80211 structures can contain several
timers and work structs, so identifying a specific instance from the
call trace and object type output of debugobjects can be hard.

Allow the subsystems which support debugobjects to provide a hint
function. This function returns a pointer to a kernel address
(preferrably the objects callback function) which is printed along
with the debugobjects type.

Add hint methods for timer_list, work_struct and hrtimer.

[ tglx: Massaged changelog, made it compile ]
Signed-off-by: NStanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <20110307085809.GA9334@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Twice I had to explain the output about why lockdep gives an error with
locks in IRQ context and with del_timer_sync(). Might as well write it
up and place it in the comments above the code in del_timer_sync().
Perhaps the next time this lockdep dump triggers people will understand
the issues.

It is a ticky issue and very subtle, explaining it in detail in the code
may help others understand the issue when they stumble upon the bug
again.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1297186794.23343.19.camel@gandalf.stny.rr.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Both attempts at trying to allow softirq usage for
del_timer_sync() failed (produced bogus warnings),
so revert the commit for this release:

  f266a511: lockdep, timer: Fix del_timer_sync() annotation

and try again later.
Reported-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
LKML-Reference: <1297174680.13327.107.camel@laptop>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Calling local_bh_enable() will want to actually start processing
softirqs, which isn't a good idea since this can get called with IRQs
disabled.

Cure this by using _local_bh_enable() which doesn't start processing
softirqs, and use raw_local_irq_save() to avoid any softirqs from
happening without letting lockdep think IRQs are in fact disabled.
Reported-by: NNick Bowler <nbowler@elliptictech.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reviewed-by: NYong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <20110203141548.039540914@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

do_timer() is primary timekeeping related. calc_global_load() is
called from do_timer() as well, but that's more for historical
reasons.

[ tglx: Fixed up the calc_global_load() reject andmassaged changelog ]
Signed-off-by: NTorben Hohn <torbenh@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: johnstul@us.ibm.com
Cc: yong.zhang0@gmail.com
Cc: hch@infradead.org
LKML-Reference: <20110127145855.23248.56933.stgit@localhost>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Eric asked for this.

[tglx: Because it generates faster code according to Erics ]
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.1011301404490.4039@router.home>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This fixes a bug as seen on 2.6.32 based kernels where timers got
enqueued on offline cpus.

If a cpu goes offline it might still have pending timers. These will
be migrated during CPU_DEAD handling after the cpu is offline.
However while the cpu is going offline it will schedule the idle task
which will then call tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick().

That function in turn will call get_next_timer_intterupt() to figure
out if the tick of the cpu can be stopped or not. If it turns out that
the next tick is just one jiffy off (delta_jiffies == 1)
tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() incorrectly assumes that the tick should
not stop and takes an early exit and thus it won't update the load
balancer cpu.

Just afterwards the cpu will be killed and the load balancer cpu could
be the offline cpu.

On 2.6.32 based kernel get_nohz_load_balancer() gets called to decide
on which cpu a timer should be enqueued (see __mod_timer()). Which
leads to the possibility that timers get enqueued on an offline cpu.
These will never expire and can cause a system hang.

This has been observed 2.6.32 kernels. On current kernels
__mod_timer() uses get_nohz_timer_target() which doesn't have that
problem. However there might be other problems because of the too
early exit tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() in case a cpu goes offline.

The easiest and probably safest fix seems to be to let
get_next_timer_interrupt() just lie and let it say there isn't any
pending timer if the current cpu is offline.

I also thought of moving migrate_[hr]timers() from CPU_DEAD to
CPU_DYING, but seeing that there already have been fixes at least in
the hrtimer code in this area I'm afraid that this could add new
subtle bugs.
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20101201091109.GA8984@osiris.boeblingen.de.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

There's a long-running regression that proved difficult to fix and
which is hitting certain people and is rather annoying in its effects.

Damien reported that after 74f5187a (sched: Cure load average vs
NO_HZ woes) his load average is unnaturally high, he also noted that
even with that patch reverted the load avgerage numbers are not
correct.

The problem is that the previous patch only solved half the NO_HZ
problem, it addressed the part of going into NO_HZ mode, not of
comming out of NO_HZ mode. This patch implements that missing half.

When comming out of NO_HZ mode there are two important things to take
care of:

 - Folding the pending idle delta into the global active count.
 - Correctly aging the averages for the idle-duration.

So with this patch the NO_HZ interaction should be complete and
behaviour between CONFIG_NO_HZ=[yn] should be equivalent.

Furthermore, this patch slightly changes the load average computation
by adding a rounding term to the fixed point multiplication.
Reported-by: NDamien Wyart <damien.wyart@free.fr>
Reported-by: NTim McGrath <tmhikaru@gmail.com>
Tested-by: NDamien Wyart <damien.wyart@free.fr>
Tested-by: NOrion Poplawski <orion@cora.nwra.com>
Tested-by: NKyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Cc: Chase Douglas <chase.douglas@canonical.com>
LKML-Reference: <1291129145.32004.874.camel@laptop>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add explict warning when del_timer_sync() is called in hardirq
context.
Signed-off-by: NYong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Actually we have used del_timer_sync() in softirq context for a long time,
e.g. in __dst_free()::cancel_delayed_work().

So change the comments of it to warn on hardirq context only, and make
lockdep know about this change.
Signed-off-by: NYong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

On UP try_to_del_timer_sync() is mapped to del_timer() which does not
take the running timer callback into account, so it has different
semantics.

Remove the SMP dependency of try_to_del_timer_sync() by using
base->running_timer in the UP case as well.

[ tglx: Removed set_running_timer() inline and tweaked the changelog ]
Signed-off-by: NYong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Currently, you have to just define a delayed_work uninitialised, and then
initialise it before first use.  That's a tad clumsy.  At risk of playing
mind-games with the compiler, fooling it into doing pointer arithmetic
with compile-time-constants, this lets clients properly initialise delayed
work with deferrable timers statically.

This patch was inspired by the issues which lead Artem Bityutskiy to
commit 8eab945c ("sunrpc: make the cache cleaner workqueue
deferrable").
Signed-off-by: NPhil Carmody <ext-phil.2.carmody@nokia.com>
Acked-by: NArtem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Provide a mechanism that allows running code in IRQ context. It is
most useful for NMI code that needs to interact with the rest of the
system -- like wakeup a task to drain buffers.

Perf currently has such a mechanism, so extract that and provide it as
a generic feature, independent of perf so that others may also
benefit.

The IRQ context callback is generated through self-IPIs where
possible, or on architectures like powerpc the decrementer (the
built-in timer facility) is set to generate an interrupt immediately.

Architectures that don't have anything like this get to do with a
callback from the timer tick. These architectures can call
irq_work_run() at the tail of any IRQ handlers that might enqueue such
work (like the perf IRQ handler) to avoid undue latencies in
processing the work.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NKyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Acked-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
[ various fixes ]
Signed-off-by: NHuang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <1287036094.7768.291.camel@yhuang-dev>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Fix kernel-doc warning, add @timer description:

  Warning(kernel/timer.c:335): No description found for parameter 'timer'
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

usleep_range is a finer precision implementations of msleep
and is designed to be a drop-in replacement for udelay where
a precise sleep / busy-wait is unnecessary.

Since an easy interface to hrtimers could lead to an undesired
proliferation of interrupts, we provide only a "range" API,
forcing the caller to think about an acceptable tolerance on
both ends and hopefully avoiding introducing another interrupt.

INTRO

As discussed here ( http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/8/3/250 ), msleep(1) is not
precise enough for many drivers (yes, sleep precision is an unfair notion,
but consistently sleeping for ~an order of magnitude greater than requested
is worth fixing). This patch adds a usleep API so that udelay does not have
to be used. Obviously not every udelay can be replaced (those in atomic
contexts or being used for simple bitbanging come to mind), but there are
many, many examples of

mydriver_write(...)
/* Wait for hardware to latch */
udelay(100)

in various drivers where a busy-wait loop is neither beneficial nor
necessary, but msleep simply does not provide enough precision and people
are using a busy-wait loop instead.

CONCERNS FROM THE RFC

Why is udelay a problem / necessary? Most callers of udelay are in device/
driver initialization code, which is serial...

	As I see it, there is only benefit to sleeping over a delay; the
	notion of "refactoring" areas that use udelay was presented, but
	I see usleep as the refactoring. Consider i2c, if the bus is busy,
	you need to wait a bit (say 100us) before trying again, your
	current options are:

		* udelay(100)
		* msleep(1) <-- As noted above, actually as high as ~20ms
				on some platforms, so not really an option
		* Manually set up an hrtimer to try again in 100us (which
		  is what usleep does anyway...)

	People choose the udelay route because it is EASY; we need to
	provide a better easy route.

	Device / driver / boot code is *currently* serial, but every few
	months someone makes noise about parallelizing boot, and IMHO, a
	little forward-thinking now is one less thing to worry about
	if/when that ever happens

udelay's could be preempted

	Sure, but if udelay plans on looping 1000 times, and it gets
	preempted on loop 200, whenever it's scheduled again, it is
	going to do the next 800 loops.

Is the interruptible case needed?

	Probably not, but I see usleep as a very logical parallel to msleep,
	so it made sense to include the "full" API. Processors are getting
	faster (albeit not as quickly as they are becoming more parallel),
	so if someone wanted to be interruptible for a few usecs, why not
	let them? If this is a contentious point, I'm happy to remove it.

OTHER THOUGHTS

I believe there is also value in exposing the usleep_range option; it gives
the scheduler a lot more flexibility and allows the programmer to express
his intent much more clearly; it's something I would hope future driver
writers will take advantage of.

To get the results in the NUMBERS section below, I literally s/udelay/usleep
the kernel tree; I had to go in and undo the changes to the USB drivers, but
everything else booted successfully; I find that extremely telling in and
of itself -- many people are using a delay API where a sleep will suit them
just fine.

SOME ATTEMPTS AT NUMBERS

It turns out that calculating quantifiable benefit on this is challenging,
so instead I will simply present the current state of things, and I hope
this to be sufficient:

How many udelay calls are there in 2.6.35-rc5?

	udealy(ARG) >=	| COUNT
	1000		| 319
	500		| 414
	100		| 1146
	20		| 1832

I am working on Android, so that is my focus for this. The following table
is a modified usleep that simply printk's the amount of time requested to
sleep; these tests were run on a kernel with udelay >= 20 --> usleep

"boot" is power-on to lock screen
"power collapse" is when the power button is pushed and the device suspends
"resume" is when the power button is pushed and the lock screen is displayed
         (no touchscreen events or anything, just turning on the display)
"use device" is from the unlock swipe to clicking around a bit; there is no
	sd card in this phone, so fail loading music, video, camera

	ACTION		| TOTAL NUMBER OF USLEEP CALLS	| NET TIME (us)
	boot		| 22				| 1250
	power-collapse	| 9				| 1200
	resume		| 5				| 500
	use device	| 59				| 7700

The most interesting category to me is the "use device" field; 7700us of
busy-wait time that could be put towards better responsiveness, or at the
least less power usage.
Signed-off-by: NPatrick Pannuto <ppannuto@codeaurora.org>
Cc: apw@canonical.com
Cc: corbet@lwn.net
Cc: arjan@linux.intel.com
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This reverts commit 22b8f15c to merge
an advanced version.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

In some cases (for instance with kernel threads) it may be desireable to
use on-stack deferrable timers to get their power saving benefits.  Add
interfaces to support this for the IPS driver.
Signed-off-by: NJesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Signed-off-by: NMatthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>

usleep[_range] are finer precision implementations of msleep
and are designed to be drop-in replacements for udelay where
a precise sleep / busy-wait is unnecessary. They also allow
an easy interface to specify slack when a precise (ish)
wakeup is unnecessary to help minimize wakeups
Signed-off-by: NPatrick Pannuto <ppannuto@codeaurora.org>
Cc: akinobu.mita@gmail.com
Cc: sboyd@codeaurora.org
Acked-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <4C44CDD2.1070708@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Steal some text from 6e453a67 "Add support for deferrable timers".  A
reader shouldn't have to dig through the git logs for the basic
description of a deferrable timer.
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: johnstul@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>