- 06 11月, 2015 8 次提交
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
__unmap_and_move() contains a long stale comment on page_get_anon_vma() and PageSwapCache(), with an odd control flow that's hard to follow. Mostly this reflects our confusion about the lifetime of an anon_vma, in the early days of page migration, before we could take a reference to one. Nowadays this seems quite straightforward: cut it all down to essentials. I cannot see the relevance of swapcache here at all, so don't treat it any differently: I believe the old comment reflects in part our anon_vma confusions, and in part the original v2.6.16 page migration technique, which used actual swap to migrate anon instead of swap-like migration entries. Why should a swapcache page not be migrated with the aid of migration entry ptes like everything else? So lose that comment now, and enable migration entries for swapcache in the next patch. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Clean up page migration a little more by calling remove_migration_ptes() from the same level, on success or on failure, from __unmap_and_move() or from unmap_and_move_huge_page(). Don't reset page->mapping of a PageAnon old page in move_to_new_page(), leave that to when the page is freed. Except for here in page migration, it has been an invariant that a PageAnon (bit set in page->mapping) page stays PageAnon until it is freed, and I think we're safer to keep to that. And with the above rearrangement, it's necessary because zap_pte_range() wants to identify whether a migration entry represents a file or an anon page, to update the appropriate rss stats without waiting on it. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Clean up page migration a little by moving the trylock of newpage from move_to_new_page() into __unmap_and_move(), where the old page has been locked. Adjust unmap_and_move_huge_page() and balloon_page_migrate() accordingly. But make one kind-of-functional change on the way: whereas trylock of newpage used to BUG() if it failed, now simply return -EAGAIN if so. Cutting out BUG()s is good, right? But, to be honest, this is really to extend the usefulness of the custom put_new_page feature, allowing a pool of new pages to be shared perhaps with racing uses. Use an "else" instead of that "skip_unmap" label. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: NRafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
I don't know of any problem from the way it's used in our current tree, but there is one defect in page migration's custom put_new_page feature. An unused newpage is expected to be released with the put_new_page(), but there was one MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS (0) path which released it with putback_lru_page(): which can be very wrong for a custom pool. Fixed more easily by resetting put_new_page once it won't be needed, than by adding a further flag to modify the rc test. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
It's migrate.c not migration,c, and nowadays putback_movable_pages() not putback_lru_pages(). Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: NRafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
After v4.3's commit 0610c25d ("memcg: fix dirty page migration") mem_cgroup_migrate() doesn't have much to offer in page migration: convert migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() to set_page_memcg() instead. Then rename mem_cgroup_migrate() to mem_cgroup_replace_page(), since its remaining callers are replace_page_cache_page() and shmem_replace_page(): both of whom passed lrucare true, so just eliminate that argument. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Commit e6c509f8 ("mm: use clear_page_mlock() in page_remove_rmap()") in v3.7 inadvertently made mlock_migrate_page() impotent: page migration unmaps the page from userspace before migrating, and that commit clears PageMlocked on the final unmap, leaving mlock_migrate_page() with nothing to do. Not a serious bug, the next attempt at reclaiming the page would fix it up; but a betrayal of page migration's intent - the new page ought to emerge as PageMlocked. I don't see how to fix it for mlock_migrate_page() itself; but easily fixed in remove_migration_pte(), by calling mlock_vma_page() when the vma is VM_LOCKED - under pte lock as in try_to_unmap_one(). Delete mlock_migrate_page()? Not quite, it does still serve a purpose for migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(): where we could replace it by a test, clear_page_mlock(), mlock_vma_page() sequence; but would that be an improvement? mlock_migrate_page() is fairly lean, and let's make it leaner by skipping the irq save/restore now clearly not needed. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
Migration tries up to 10 times to migrate pages that return -EAGAIN until it gives up. If some pages fail all retries, they are counted towards the number of failed pages that migrate_pages() returns. They should also be counted in the /proc/vmstat pgmigrate_fail and in the mm_migrate_pages tracepoint. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 02 10月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Greg Thelen 提交于
The problem starts with a file backed dirty page which is charged to a memcg. Then page migration is used to move oldpage to newpage. Migration: - copies the oldpage's data to newpage - clears oldpage.PG_dirty - sets newpage.PG_dirty - uncharges oldpage from memcg - charges newpage to memcg Clearing oldpage.PG_dirty decrements the charged memcg's dirty page count. However, because newpage is not yet charged, setting newpage.PG_dirty does not increment the memcg's dirty page count. After migration completes newpage.PG_dirty is eventually cleared, often in account_page_cleaned(). At this time newpage is charged to a memcg so the memcg's dirty page count is decremented which causes underflow because the count was not previously incremented by migration. This underflow causes balance_dirty_pages() to see a very large unsigned number of dirty memcg pages which leads to aggressive throttling of buffered writes by processes in non root memcg. This issue: - can harm performance of non root memcg buffered writes. - can report too small (even negative) values in memory.stat[(total_)dirty] counters of all memcg, including the root. To avoid polluting migrate.c with #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG checks, introduce page_memcg() and set_page_memcg() helpers. Test: 0) setup and enter limited memcg mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/test echo 1G > /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.limit_in_bytes echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/test/cgroup.procs 1) buffered writes baseline dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k sync grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat 2) buffered writes with compaction antagonist to induce migration yes 1 > /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory & rm -rf /data/tmp/foo dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k kill % sync grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat 3) buffered writes without antagonist, should match baseline rm -rf /data/tmp/foo dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k sync grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat (speed, dirty residue) unpatched patched 1) 841 MB/s 0 dirty pages 886 MB/s 0 dirty pages 2) 611 MB/s -33427456 dirty pages 793 MB/s 0 dirty pages 3) 114 MB/s -33427456 dirty pages 891 MB/s 0 dirty pages Notice that unpatched baseline performance (1) fell after migration (3): 841 -> 114 MB/s. In the patched kernel, post migration performance matches baseline. Fixes: c4843a75 ("memcg: add per cgroup dirty page accounting") Signed-off-by: NGreg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Reported-by: NDave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.2+] Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 23 9月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
Since commit bcc54222 ("mm: hugetlb: introduce page_huge_active") each hugetlb page maintains its active flag to avoid a race condition betwe= en multiple calls of isolate_huge_page(), but current kernel doesn't set the f= lag on a hugepage allocated by migration because the proper putback routine isn= 't called. This means that users could still encounter the race referred to by bcc54222 in this special case, so this patch fixes it. Fixes: bcc54222 ("mm: hugetlb: introduce page_huge_active") Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.1.x] Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 11 9月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
Knowing the portion of memory that is not used by a certain application or memory cgroup (idle memory) can be useful for partitioning the system efficiently, e.g. by setting memory cgroup limits appropriately. Currently, the only means to estimate the amount of idle memory provided by the kernel is /proc/PID/{clear_refs,smaps}: the user can clear the access bit for all pages mapped to a particular process by writing 1 to clear_refs, wait for some time, and then count smaps:Referenced. However, this method has two serious shortcomings: - it does not count unmapped file pages - it affects the reclaimer logic To overcome these drawbacks, this patch introduces two new page flags, Idle and Young, and a new sysfs file, /sys/kernel/mm/page_idle/bitmap. A page's Idle flag can only be set from userspace by setting bit in /sys/kernel/mm/page_idle/bitmap at the offset corresponding to the page, and it is cleared whenever the page is accessed either through page tables (it is cleared in page_referenced() in this case) or using the read(2) system call (mark_page_accessed()). Thus by setting the Idle flag for pages of a particular workload, which can be found e.g. by reading /proc/PID/pagemap, waiting for some time to let the workload access its working set, and then reading the bitmap file, one can estimate the amount of pages that are not used by the workload. The Young page flag is used to avoid interference with the memory reclaimer. A page's Young flag is set whenever the Access bit of a page table entry pointing to the page is cleared by writing to the bitmap file. If page_referenced() is called on a Young page, it will add 1 to its return value, therefore concealing the fact that the Access bit was cleared. Note, since there is no room for extra page flags on 32 bit, this feature uses extended page flags when compiled on 32 bit. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: kpageidle requires an MMU] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: decouple from page-flags rework] Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Reviewed-by: NAndres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 09 9月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
alloc_pages_exact_node() was introduced in commit 6484eb3e ("page allocator: do not check NUMA node ID when the caller knows the node is valid") as an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node(), that doesn't fallback to current node for nid == NUMA_NO_NODE. Unfortunately the name of the function can easily suggest that the allocation is restricted to the given node and fails otherwise. In truth, the node is only preferred, unless __GFP_THISNODE is passed among the gfp flags. The misleading name has lead to mistakes in the past, see for example commits 5265047a ("mm, thp: really limit transparent hugepage allocation to local node") and b360edb4 ("mm, mempolicy: migrate_to_node should only migrate to node"). Another issue with the name is that there's a family of alloc_pages_exact*() functions where 'exact' means exact size (instead of page order), which leads to more confusion. To prevent further mistakes, this patch effectively renames alloc_pages_exact_node() to __alloc_pages_node() to better convey that it's an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node() not intended for general usage. Both functions get described in comments. It has been also considered to really provide a convenience function for allocations restricted to a node, but the major opinion seems to be that __GFP_THISNODE already provides that functionality and we shouldn't duplicate the API needlessly. The number of users would be small anyway. Existing callers of alloc_pages_exact_node() are simply converted to call __alloc_pages_node(), with the exception of sba_alloc_coherent() which open-codes the check for NUMA_NO_NODE, so it is converted to use alloc_pages_node() instead. This means it no longer performs some VM_BUG_ON checks, and since the current check for nid in alloc_pages_node() uses a 'nid < 0' comparison (which includes NUMA_NO_NODE), it may hide wrong values which would be previously exposed. Both differences will be rectified by the next patch. To sum up, this patch makes no functional changes, except temporarily hiding potentially buggy callers. Restricting the checks in alloc_pages_node() is left for the next patch which can in turn expose more existing buggy callers. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NRobin Holt <robinmholt@gmail.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Acked-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Cliff Whickman <cpw@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Wanpeng Li 提交于
Wanpeng Li reported a race between soft_offline_page() and unpoison_memory(), which causes the following kernel panic: BUG: Bad page state in process bash pfn:97000 page:ffffea00025c0000 count:0 mapcount:1 mapping: (null) index:0x7f4fdbe00 flags: 0x1fffff80080048(uptodate|active|swapbacked) page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set bad because of flags: flags: 0x40(active) Modules linked in: snd_hda_codec_hdmi i915 rpcsec_gss_krb5 nfsv4 dns_resolver bnep rfcomm nfsd bluetooth auth_rpcgss nfs_acl nfs rfkill lockd grace sunrpc i2c_algo_bit drm_kms_helper snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_codec_generic drm snd_hda_intel fscache snd_hda_codec x86_pkg_temp_thermal coretemp kvm_intel snd_hda_core snd_hwdep kvm snd_pcm snd_seq_dummy snd_seq_oss crct10dif_pclmul snd_seq_midi crc32_pclmul snd_seq_midi_event ghash_clmulni_intel snd_rawmidi aesni_intel lrw gf128mul snd_seq glue_helper ablk_helper snd_seq_device cryptd fuse snd_timer dcdbas serio_raw mei_me parport_pc snd mei ppdev i2c_core video lp soundcore parport lpc_ich shpchp mfd_core ext4 mbcache jbd2 sd_mod e1000e ahci ptp libahci crc32c_intel libata pps_core CPU: 3 PID: 2211 Comm: bash Not tainted 4.2.0-rc5-mm1+ #45 Hardware name: Dell Inc. OptiPlex 7020/0F5C5X, BIOS A03 01/08/2015 Call Trace: dump_stack+0x48/0x5c bad_page+0xe6/0x140 free_pages_prepare+0x2f9/0x320 ? uncharge_list+0xdd/0x100 free_hot_cold_page+0x40/0x170 __put_single_page+0x20/0x30 put_page+0x25/0x40 unmap_and_move+0x1a6/0x1f0 migrate_pages+0x100/0x1d0 ? kill_procs+0x100/0x100 ? unlock_page+0x6f/0x90 __soft_offline_page+0x127/0x2a0 soft_offline_page+0xa6/0x200 This race is explained like below: CPU0 CPU1 soft_offline_page __soft_offline_page TestSetPageHWPoison unpoison_memory PageHWPoison check (true) TestClearPageHWPoison put_page -> release refcount held by get_hwpoison_page in unpoison_memory put_page -> release refcount held by isolate_lru_page in __soft_offline_page migrate_pages The second put_page() releases refcount held by isolate_lru_page() which will lead to unmap_and_move() releases the last refcount of page and w/ mapcount still 1 since try_to_unmap() is not called if there is only one user map the page. Anyway, the page refcount and mapcount will still mess if the page is mapped by multiple users. This race was introduced by commit 4491f712 ("mm/memory-failure: set PageHWPoison before migrate_pages()"), which focuses on preventing the reuse of successfully migrated page. Before this commit we prevent the reuse by changing the migratetype to MIGRATE_ISOLATE during soft offlining, which has the following problems, so simply reverting the commit is not a best option: 1) it doesn't eliminate the reuse completely, because set_migratetype_isolate() can fail to set MIGRATE_ISOLATE to the target page if the pageblock of the page contains one or more unmovable pages (i.e. has_unmovable_pages() returns true). 2) the original code changes migratetype to MIGRATE_ISOLATE forcibly, and sets it to MIGRATE_MOVABLE forcibly after soft offline, regardless of the original migratetype state, which could impact other subsystems like memory hotplug or compaction. This patch moves PageSetHWPoison just after put_page() in unmap_and_move(), which closes up the reported race window and minimizes another race window b/w SetPageHWPoison and reallocation (which causes the reuse of soft-offlined page.) The latter race window still exists but it's acceptable, because it's rare and effectively the same as ordinary "containment failure" case even if it happens, so keep the window open is acceptable. Fixes: 4491f712 ("mm/memory-failure: set PageHWPoison before migrate_pages()") Signed-off-by: NWanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com> Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Reported-by: NWanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com> Tested-by: NWanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 05 9月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Kirill A. Shutemov 提交于
The manpage for move_pages(2) specifies that status code for zero page is supposed to be -EFAULT. Currently kernel return -ENOENT in this case. follow_page() can do it for us, if we would ask for FOLL_DUMP. The use of FOLL_DUMP also means that the upper layer page tables pages are no longer allocated. Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 07 8月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
Now page freeing code doesn't consider PageHWPoison as a bad page, so by setting it before completing the page containment, we can prevent the error page from being reused just after successful page migration. I added TTU_IGNORE_HWPOISON for try_to_unmap() to make sure that the page table entry is transformed into migration entry, not to hwpoison entry. Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Dean Nelson <dnelson@redhat.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
The race condition addressed in commit add05cec ("mm: soft-offline: don't free target page in successful page migration") was not closed completely, because that can happen not only for soft-offline, but also for hard-offline. Consider that a slab page is about to be freed into buddy pool, and then an uncorrected memory error hits the page just after entering __free_one_page(), then VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page->flags & PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP) is triggered, despite the fact that it's not necessary because the data on the affected page is not consumed. To solve it, this patch drops __PG_HWPOISON from page flag checks at allocation/free time. I think it's justified because __PG_HWPOISON flags is defined to prevent the page from being reused, and setting it outside the page's alloc-free cycle is a designed behavior (not a bug.) For recent months, I was annoyed about BUG_ON when soft-offlined page remains on lru cache list for a while, which is avoided by calling put_page() instead of putback_lru_page() in page migration's success path. This means that this patch reverts a major change from commit add05cec about the new refcounting rule of soft-offlined pages, so "reuse window" revives. This will be closed by a subsequent patch. Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Dean Nelson <dnelson@redhat.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 25 6月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Aneesh Kumar K.V 提交于
We have confusing functions to clear pmd, pmd_clear_* and pmd_clear. Add _huge_ to pmdp_clear functions so that we are clear that they operate on hugepage pte. We don't bother about other functions like pmdp_set_wrprotect, pmdp_clear_flush_young, because they operate on PTE bits and hence indicate they are operating on hugepage ptes Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
Stress testing showed that soft offline events for a process iterating "mmap-pagefault-munmap" loop can trigger VM_BUG_ON(PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP) in __free_one_page(): Soft offlining page 0x70fe1 at 0x70100008d000 Soft offlining page 0x705fb at 0x70300008d000 page:ffffea0001c3f840 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x2 flags: 0x1fffff80800000(hwpoison) page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page->flags & ((1 << 25) - 1)) ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at /src/linux-dev/mm/page_alloc.c:585! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC Modules linked in: cfg80211 rfkill crc32c_intel microcode ppdev parport_pc pcspkr serio_raw virtio_balloon parport i2c_piix4 virtio_blk virtio_net ata_generic pata_acpi floppy CPU: 3 PID: 1779 Comm: test_base_madv_ Not tainted 4.0.0-v4.0-150511-1451-00009-g82360a3730e6 #139 RIP: free_pcppages_bulk+0x52a/0x6f0 Call Trace: drain_pages_zone+0x3d/0x50 drain_local_pages+0x1d/0x30 on_each_cpu_mask+0x46/0x80 drain_all_pages+0x14b/0x1e0 soft_offline_page+0x432/0x6e0 SyS_madvise+0x73c/0x780 system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17 Code: ff 89 45 b4 48 8b 45 c0 48 83 b8 a8 00 00 00 00 0f 85 e3 fb ff ff 0f 1f 00 0f 0b 48 8b 7d 90 48 c7 c6 e8 95 a6 81 e8 e6 32 02 00 <0f> 0b 8b 45 cc 49 89 47 30 41 8b 47 18 83 f8 ff 0f 85 10 ff ff RIP [<ffffffff811a806a>] free_pcppages_bulk+0x52a/0x6f0 RSP <ffff88007a117d28> ---[ end trace 53926436e76d1f35 ]--- When soft offline successfully migrates page, the source page is supposed to be freed. But there is a race condition where a source page looks isolated (i.e. the refcount is 0 and the PageHWPoison is set) but somewhat linked to pcplist. Then another soft offline event calls drain_all_pages() and tries to free such hwpoisoned page, which is forbidden. This odd page state seems to happen due to the race between put_page() in putback_lru_page() and __pagevec_lru_add_fn(). But I don't want to play with tweaking drain code as done in commit 9ab3b598 "mm: hwpoison: drop lru_add_drain_all() in __soft_offline_page()", or to change page freeing code for this soft offline's purpose. Instead, let's think about the difference between hard offline and soft offline. There is an interesting difference in how to isolate the in-use page between these, that is, hard offline marks PageHWPoison of the target page at first, and doesn't free it by keeping its refcount 1. OTOH, soft offline tries to free the target page then marks PageHWPoison. This difference might be the source of complexity and result in bugs like the above. So making soft offline isolate with keeping refcount can be a solution for this problem. We can pass to page migration code the "reason" which shows the caller, so let's use this more to avoid calling putback_lru_page() when called from soft offline, which effectively does the isolation for soft offline. With this change, target pages of soft offline never be reused without changing migratetype, so this patch also removes the related code. Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 16 4月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
With the page flag sanitization patchset, an invalid usage of ClearPageSwapCache() is detected in migration_page_copy(). migrate_page_copy() is shared by both normal and hugepage (both thp and hugetlb) code path, so let's check PageSwapCache() and clear it if it's set to avoid misuse of the invalid clear operation. Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 15 4月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
This code is dead since commit 9e645ab6 ("sched/numa: Continue PTE scanning even if migrate rate limited") so remove it. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Geert Uytterhoeven 提交于
With gcc version 4.7.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.7.3-12ubuntu1) : mm/migrate.c: In function `migrate_pages': mm/migrate.c:1148:1: internal compiler error: in push_minipool_fix, at config/arm/arm.c:13500 Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate. See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.7/README.Bugs> for instructions. Preprocessed source stored into /tmp/ccPoM1tr.out file, please attach this to your bugreport. make[1]: *** [mm/migrate.o] Error 1 make: *** [mm/migrate.o] Error 2 Mark unmap_and_move() (which is used in a single place only) "noinline" to work around this compiler bug. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: make it conditional on gcc-4.7.3 and arm] [khilman@kernel.org: fine-tune compiler versions] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment] Signed-off-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be> Reported-by: NKevin Hilman <khilman@kernel.org> Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com> Tested-by: NKevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org> Tested-by: NLina Iyer <lina.iyer@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 13 2月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
With PROT_NONE, the traditional page table manipulation functions are sufficient. [andre.przywara@arm.com: fix compiler warning in pmdp_invalidate()] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with STRICT_MM_TYPECHECKS] Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: NAneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
Automatic NUMA balancing depends on being able to protect PTEs to trap a fault and gather reference locality information. Very broadly speaking it would mark PTEs as not present and use another bit to distinguish between NUMA hinting faults and other types of faults. It was universally loved by everybody and caused no problems whatsoever. That last sentence might be a lie. This series is very heavily based on patches from Linus and Aneesh to replace the existing PTE/PMD NUMA helper functions with normal change protections. I did alter and add parts of it but I consider them relatively minor contributions. At their suggestion, acked-bys are in there but I've no problem converting them to Signed-off-by if requested. AFAIK, this has received no testing on ppc64 and I'm depending on Aneesh for that. I tested trinity under kvm-tool and passed and ran a few other basic tests. At the time of writing, only the short-lived tests have completed but testing of V2 indicated that long-term testing had no surprises. In most cases I'm leaving out detail as it's not that interesting. specjbb single JVM: There was negligible performance difference in the benchmark itself for short runs. However, system activity is higher and interrupts are much higher over time -- possibly TLB flushes. Migrations are also higher. Overall, this is more overhead but considering the problems faced with the old approach I think we just have to suck it up and find another way of reducing the overhead. specjbb multi JVM: Negligible performance difference to the actual benchmark but like the single JVM case, the system overhead is noticeably higher. Again, interrupts are a major factor. autonumabench: This was all over the place and about all that can be reasonably concluded is that it's different but not necessarily better or worse. autonumabench 3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5 mmotm-20141119 protnone-v3r3 User NUMA01 32380.24 ( 0.00%) 21642.92 ( 33.16%) User NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 22481.02 ( 0.00%) 22283.22 ( 0.88%) User NUMA02 3137.00 ( 0.00%) 3116.54 ( 0.65%) User NUMA02_SMT 1614.03 ( 0.00%) 1543.53 ( 4.37%) System NUMA01 322.97 ( 0.00%) 1465.89 (-353.88%) System NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 91.87 ( 0.00%) 49.32 ( 46.32%) System NUMA02 37.83 ( 0.00%) 14.61 ( 61.38%) System NUMA02_SMT 7.36 ( 0.00%) 7.45 ( -1.22%) Elapsed NUMA01 716.63 ( 0.00%) 599.29 ( 16.37%) Elapsed NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 553.98 ( 0.00%) 539.94 ( 2.53%) Elapsed NUMA02 83.85 ( 0.00%) 83.04 ( 0.97%) Elapsed NUMA02_SMT 86.57 ( 0.00%) 79.15 ( 8.57%) CPU NUMA01 4563.00 ( 0.00%) 3855.00 ( 15.52%) CPU NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 4074.00 ( 0.00%) 4136.00 ( -1.52%) CPU NUMA02 3785.00 ( 0.00%) 3770.00 ( 0.40%) CPU NUMA02_SMT 1872.00 ( 0.00%) 1959.00 ( -4.65%) System CPU usage of NUMA01 is worse but it's an adverse workload on this machine so I'm reluctant to conclude that it's a problem that matters. On the other workloads that are sensible on this machine, system CPU usage is great. Overall time to complete the benchmark is comparable 3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5 mmotm-20141119protnone-v3r3 User 59612.50 48586.44 System 460.22 1537.45 Elapsed 1442.20 1304.29 NUMA alloc hit 5075182 5743353 NUMA alloc miss 0 0 NUMA interleave hit 0 0 NUMA alloc local 5075174 5743339 NUMA base PTE updates 637061448 443106883 NUMA huge PMD updates 1243434 864747 NUMA page range updates 1273699656 885857347 NUMA hint faults 1658116 1214277 NUMA hint local faults 959487 754113 NUMA hint local percent 57 62 NUMA pages migrated 5467056 61676398 The NUMA pages migrated look terrible but when I looked at a graph of the activity over time I see that the massive spike in migration activity was during NUMA01. This correlates with high system CPU usage and could be simply down to bad luck but any modifications that affect that workload would be related to scan rates and migrations, not the protection mechanism. For all other workloads, migration activity was comparable. Overall, headline performance figures are comparable but the overhead is higher, mostly in interrupts. To some extent, higher overhead from this approach was anticipated but not to this degree. It's going to be necessary to reduce this again with a separate series in the future. It's still worth going ahead with this series though as it's likely to avoid constant headaches with Xen and is probably easier to maintain. This patch (of 10): A transhuge NUMA hinting fault may find the page is migrating and should wait until migration completes. The check is race-prone because the pmd is deferenced outside of the page lock and while the race is tiny, it'll be larger if the PMD is cleared while marking PMDs for hinting fault. This patch closes the race. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 12 2月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
We have a race condition between move_pages() and freeing hugepages, where move_pages() calls follow_page(FOLL_GET) for hugepages internally and tries to get its refcount without preventing concurrent freeing. This race crashes the kernel, so this patch fixes it by moving FOLL_GET code for hugepages into follow_huge_pmd() with taking the page table lock. This patch intentionally removes page==NULL check after pte_page. This is justified because pte_page() never returns NULL for any architectures or configurations. This patch changes the behavior of follow_huge_pmd() for tail pages and then tail pages can be pinned/returned. So the caller must be changed to properly handle the returned tail pages. We could have a choice to add the similar locking to follow_huge_(addr|pud) for consistency, but it's not necessary because currently these functions don't support FOLL_GET flag, so let's leave it for future development. Here is the reproducer: $ cat movepages.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <numaif.h> #define ADDR_INPUT 0x700000000000UL #define HPS 0x200000 #define PS 0x1000 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; int nr_hp = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0); int nr_p = nr_hp * HPS / PS; int ret; void **addrs; int *status; int *nodes; pid_t pid; pid = strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0); addrs = malloc(sizeof(char *) * nr_p + 1); status = malloc(sizeof(char *) * nr_p + 1); nodes = malloc(sizeof(char *) * nr_p + 1); while (1) { for (i = 0; i < nr_p; i++) { addrs[i] = (void *)ADDR_INPUT + i * PS; nodes[i] = 1; status[i] = 0; } ret = numa_move_pages(pid, nr_p, addrs, nodes, status, MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL); if (ret == -1) err("move_pages"); for (i = 0; i < nr_p; i++) { addrs[i] = (void *)ADDR_INPUT + i * PS; nodes[i] = 0; status[i] = 0; } ret = numa_move_pages(pid, nr_p, addrs, nodes, status, MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL); if (ret == -1) err("move_pages"); } return 0; } $ cat hugepage.c #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <string.h> #define ADDR_INPUT 0x700000000000UL #define HPS 0x200000 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int nr_hp = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0); char *p; while (1) { p = mmap((void *)ADDR_INPUT, nr_hp * HPS, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB, -1, 0); if (p != (void *)ADDR_INPUT) { perror("mmap"); break; } memset(p, 0, nr_hp * HPS); munmap(p, nr_hp * HPS); } } $ sysctl vm.nr_hugepages=40 $ ./hugepage 10 & $ ./movepages 10 $(pgrep -f hugepage) Fixes: e632a938 ("mm: migrate: add hugepage migration code to move_pages()") Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Reported-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com> Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.12+] Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 11 2月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Kirill A. Shutemov 提交于
We don't create non-linear mappings anymore. Let's drop code which handles them in rmap. Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 17 12月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Al Viro 提交于
the only instance this method has ever grown was one in kernfs - one that call ->migrate() of another vm_ops if it exists. Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- 14 12月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Page migration's __unmap_and_move(), and rmap's try_to_unmap(), were created for use on pages almost certainly mapped into userspace. But nowadays compaction often applies them to unmapped page cache pages: which may exacerbate contention on i_mmap_rwsem quite unnecessarily, since try_to_unmap_file() makes no preliminary page_mapped() check. Now check page_mapped() in __unmap_and_move(); and avoid repeating the same overhead in rmap_walk_file() - don't remove_migration_ptes() when we never inserted any. (The PageAnon(page) comment blocks now look even sillier than before, but clean that up on some other occasion. And note in passing that try_to_unmap_one() does not use a migration entry when PageSwapCache, so remove_migration_ptes() will then not update that swap entry to newpage pte: not a big deal, but something else to clean up later.) Davidlohr remarked in "mm,fs: introduce helpers around the i_mmap_mutex" conversion to i_mmap_rwsem, that "The biggest winner of these changes is migration": a part of the reason might be all of that unnecessary taking of i_mmap_mutex in page migration; and it's rather a shame that I didn't get around to sending this patch in before his - this one is much less useful after Davidlohr's conversion to rwsem, but still good. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 10 10月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Konstantin Khlebnikov 提交于
Sasha Levin reported KASAN splash inside isolate_migratepages_range(). Problem is in the function __is_movable_balloon_page() which tests AS_BALLOON_MAP in page->mapping->flags. This function has no protection against anonymous pages. As result it tried to check address space flags inside struct anon_vma. Further investigation shows more problems in current implementation: * Special branch in __unmap_and_move() never works: balloon_page_movable() checks page flags and page_count. In __unmap_and_move() page is locked, reference counter is elevated, thus balloon_page_movable() always fails. As a result execution goes to the normal migration path. virtballoon_migratepage() returns MIGRATEPAGE_BALLOON_SUCCESS instead of MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS, move_to_new_page() thinks this is an error code and assigns newpage->mapping to NULL. Newly migrated page lose connectivity with balloon an all ability for further migration. * lru_lock erroneously required in isolate_migratepages_range() for isolation ballooned page. This function releases lru_lock periodically, this makes migration mostly impossible for some pages. * balloon_page_dequeue have a tight race with balloon_page_isolate: balloon_page_isolate could be executed in parallel with dequeue between picking page from list and locking page_lock. Race is rare because they use trylock_page() for locking. This patch fixes all of them. Instead of fake mapping with special flag this patch uses special state of page->_mapcount: PAGE_BALLOON_MAPCOUNT_VALUE = -256. Buddy allocator uses PAGE_BUDDY_MAPCOUNT_VALUE = -128 for similar purpose. Storing mark directly in struct page makes everything safer and easier. PagePrivate is used to mark pages present in page list (i.e. not isolated, like PageLRU for normal pages). It replaces special rules for reference counter and makes balloon migration similar to migration of normal pages. This flag is protected by page_lock together with link to the balloon device. Signed-off-by: NKonstantin Khlebnikov <k.khlebnikov@samsung.com> Reported-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/p/53E6CEAA.9020105@oracle.com Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.8+] Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 03 10月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
A migration entry is marked as write if pte_write was true at the time the entry was created. The VMA protections are not double checked when migration entries are being removed as mprotect marks write-migration-entries as read. It means that potentially we take a spurious fault to mark PTEs write again but it's straight-forward. However, there is a race between write migrations being marked read and migrations finishing. This potentially allows a PTE to be write that should have been read. Close this race by double checking the VMA permissions using maybe_mkwrite when migration completes. [torvalds@linux-foundation.org: use maybe_mkwrite] Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 09 8月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Johannes Weiner 提交于
The memcg uncharging code that is involved towards the end of a page's lifetime - truncation, reclaim, swapout, migration - is impressively complicated and fragile. Because anonymous and file pages were always charged before they had their page->mapping established, uncharges had to happen when the page type could still be known from the context; as in unmap for anonymous, page cache removal for file and shmem pages, and swap cache truncation for swap pages. However, these operations happen well before the page is actually freed, and so a lot of synchronization is necessary: - Charging, uncharging, page migration, and charge migration all need to take a per-page bit spinlock as they could race with uncharging. - Swap cache truncation happens during both swap-in and swap-out, and possibly repeatedly before the page is actually freed. This means that the memcg swapout code is called from many contexts that make no sense and it has to figure out the direction from page state to make sure memory and memory+swap are always correctly charged. - On page migration, the old page might be unmapped but then reused, so memcg code has to prevent untimely uncharging in that case. Because this code - which should be a simple charge transfer - is so special-cased, it is not reusable for replace_page_cache(). But now that charged pages always have a page->mapping, introduce mem_cgroup_uncharge(), which is called after the final put_page(), when we know for sure that nobody is looking at the page anymore. For page migration, introduce mem_cgroup_migrate(), which is called after the migration is successful and the new page is fully rmapped. Because the old page is no longer uncharged after migration, prevent double charges by decoupling the page's memcg association (PCG_USED and pc->mem_cgroup) from the page holding an actual charge. The new bits PCG_MEM and PCG_MEMSW represent the respective charges and are transferred to the new page during migration. mem_cgroup_migrate() is suitable for replace_page_cache() as well, which gets rid of mem_cgroup_replace_page_cache(). However, care needs to be taken because both the source and the target page can already be charged and on the LRU when fuse is splicing: grab the page lock on the charge moving side to prevent changing pc->mem_cgroup of a page under migration. Also, the lruvecs of both pages change as we uncharge the old and charge the new during migration, and putback may race with us, so grab the lru lock and isolate the pages iff on LRU to prevent races and ensure the pages are on the right lruvec afterward. Swap accounting is massively simplified: because the page is no longer uncharged as early as swap cache deletion, a new mem_cgroup_swapout() can transfer the page's memory+swap charge (PCG_MEMSW) to the swap entry before the final put_page() in page reclaim. Finally, page_cgroup changes are now protected by whatever protection the page itself offers: anonymous pages are charged under the page table lock, whereas page cache insertions, swapin, and migration hold the page lock. Uncharging happens under full exclusion with no outstanding references. Charging and uncharging also ensure that the page is off-LRU, which serializes against charge migration. Remove the very costly page_cgroup lock and set pc->flags non-atomically. [mhocko@suse.cz: mem_cgroup_charge_statistics needs preempt_disable] [vdavydov@parallels.com: fix flags definition] Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Tested-by: NJet Chen <jet.chen@intel.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Tested-by: NFelipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com> Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 27 7月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Shortly before 3.16-rc1, Dave Jones reported: WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 19721 at fs/xfs/xfs_aops.c:971 xfs_vm_writepage+0x5ce/0x630 [xfs]() CPU: 3 PID: 19721 Comm: trinity-c61 Not tainted 3.15.0+ #3 Call Trace: xfs_vm_writepage+0x5ce/0x630 [xfs] shrink_page_list+0x8f9/0xb90 shrink_inactive_list+0x253/0x510 shrink_lruvec+0x563/0x6c0 shrink_zone+0x3b/0x100 shrink_zones+0x1f1/0x3c0 try_to_free_pages+0x164/0x380 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x822/0xc90 alloc_pages_vma+0xaf/0x1c0 handle_mm_fault+0xa31/0xc50 etc. 970 if (WARN_ON_ONCE((current->flags & (PF_MEMALLOC|PF_KSWAPD)) == 971 PF_MEMALLOC)) I did not respond at the time, because a glance at the PageDirty block in shrink_page_list() quickly shows that this is impossible: we don't do writeback on file pages (other than tmpfs) from direct reclaim nowadays. Dave was hallucinating, but it would have been disrespectful to say so. However, my own /var/log/messages now shows similar complaints WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 28814 at fs/ext4/inode.c:1881 ext4_writepage+0xa7/0x38b() WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 27347 at fs/ext4/inode.c:1764 ext4_writepage+0xa7/0x38b() from stressing some mmotm trees during July. Could a dirty xfs or ext4 file page somehow get marked PageSwapBacked, so fail shrink_page_list()'s page_is_file_cache() test, and so proceed to mapping->a_ops->writepage()? Yes, 3.16-rc1's commit 68711a74 ("mm, migration: add destination page freeing callback") has provided such a way to compaction: if migrating a SwapBacked page fails, its newpage may be put back on the list for later use with PageSwapBacked still set, and nothing will clear it. Whether that can do anything worse than issue WARN_ON_ONCEs, and get some statistics wrong, is unclear: easier to fix than to think through the consequences. Fixing it here, before the put_new_page(), addresses the bug directly, but is probably the worst place to fix it. Page migration is doing too many parts of the job on too many levels: fixing it in move_to_new_page() to complement its SetPageSwapBacked would be preferable, except why is it (and newpage->mapping and newpage->index) done there, rather than down in migrate_page_move_mapping(), once we are sure of success? Not a cleanup to get into right now, especially not with memcg cleanups coming in 3.17. Reported-by: NDave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 24 6月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Trinity has reported: BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000018 IP: __lock_acquire (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3070 (discriminator 1)) CPU: 6 PID: 16173 Comm: trinity-c364 Tainted: G W 3.15.0-rc1-next-20140415-sasha-00020-gaa90d09 #398 lock_acquire (arch/x86/include/asm/current.h:14 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3602) _raw_spin_lock (include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:143 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:151) remove_migration_pte (mm/migrate.c:137) rmap_walk (mm/rmap.c:1628 mm/rmap.c:1699) remove_migration_ptes (mm/migrate.c:224) migrate_pages (mm/migrate.c:922 mm/migrate.c:960 mm/migrate.c:1126) migrate_misplaced_page (mm/migrate.c:1733) __handle_mm_fault (mm/memory.c:3762 mm/memory.c:3812 mm/memory.c:3925) handle_mm_fault (mm/memory.c:3948) __get_user_pages (mm/memory.c:1851) __mlock_vma_pages_range (mm/mlock.c:255) __mm_populate (mm/mlock.c:711) SyS_mlockall (include/linux/mm.h:1799 mm/mlock.c:817 mm/mlock.c:791) I believe this comes about because, whereas collapsing and splitting THP functions take anon_vma lock in write mode (which excludes concurrent rmap walks), faulting THP functions (write protection and misplaced NUMA) do not - and mostly they do not need to. But they do use a pmdp_clear_flush(), set_pmd_at() sequence which, for an instant (indeed, for a long instant, given the inter-CPU TLB flush in there), leaves *pmd neither present not trans_huge. Which can confuse a concurrent rmap walk, as when removing migration ptes, seen in the dumped trace. Although that rmap walk has a 4k page to insert, anon_vmas containing THPs are in no way segregated from 4k-page anon_vmas, so the 4k-intent mm_find_pmd() does need to cope with that instant when a trans_huge pmd is temporarily absent. I don't think we need strengthen the locking at the THP end: it's easily handled with an ACCESS_ONCE() before testing both conditions. And since mm_find_pmd() had only one caller who wanted a THP rather than a pmd, let's slightly repurpose it to fail when it hits a THP or non-present pmd, and open code split_huge_page_address() again. Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Reported-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@gentwo.org> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 05 6月, 2014 3 次提交
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由 Naoya Horiguchi 提交于
We already have a function named hugepages_supported(), and the similar name hugepage_migration_support() is a bit unconfortable, so let's rename it hugepage_migration_supported(). Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 David Rientjes 提交于
Memory migration uses a callback defined by the caller to determine how to allocate destination pages. When migration fails for a source page, however, it frees the destination page back to the system. This patch adds a memory migration callback defined by the caller to determine how to free destination pages. If a caller, such as memory compaction, builds its own freelist for migration targets, this can reuse already freed memory instead of scanning additional memory. If the caller provides a function to handle freeing of destination pages, it is called when page migration fails. If the caller passes NULL then freeing back to the system will be handled as usual. This patch introduces no functional change. Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Reviewed-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
Migration of misplaced transhuge pages uses page_add_new_anon_rmap() when putting the page back as it avoided an atomic operations and added the new page to the correct LRU. A side-effect is that the page gets marked activated as part of the migration meaning that transhuge and base pages are treated differently from an aging perspective than base page migration. This patch uses page_add_anon_rmap() and putback_lru_page() on completion of a transhuge migration similar to base page migration. It would require fewer atomic operations to use lru_cache_add without taking an additional reference to the page. The downside would be that it's still different to base page migration and unevictable pages may be added to the wrong LRU for cleaning up later. Testing of the usual workloads did not show any adverse impact to the change. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Acked-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 21 3月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Hugh Dickins 提交于
Add remove_linear_migration_ptes_from_nonlinear(), to fix an interesting little include/linux/swapops.h:131 BUG_ON(!PageLocked) found by trinity: indicating that remove_migration_ptes() failed to find one of the migration entries that was temporarily inserted. The problem comes from remap_file_pages()'s switch from vma_interval_tree (good for inserting the migration entry) to i_mmap_nonlinear list (no good for locating it again); but can only be a problem if the remap_file_pages() range does not cover the whole of the vma (zap_pte() clears the range). remove_migration_ptes() needs a file_nonlinear method to go down the i_mmap_nonlinear list, applying linear location to look for migration entries in those vmas too, just in case there was this race. The file_nonlinear method does need rmap_walk_control.arg to do this; but it never needed vma passed in - vma comes from its own iteration. Reported-and-tested-by: NDave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Reported-and-tested-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 11 3月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Johannes Weiner 提交于
GFP_THISNODE is for callers that implement their own clever fallback to remote nodes. It restricts the allocation to the specified node and does not invoke reclaim, assuming that the caller will take care of it when the fallback fails, e.g. through a subsequent allocation request without GFP_THISNODE set. However, many current GFP_THISNODE users only want the node exclusive aspect of the flag, without actually implementing their own fallback or triggering reclaim if necessary. This results in things like page migration failing prematurely even when there is easily reclaimable memory available, unless kswapd happens to be running already or a concurrent allocation attempt triggers the necessary reclaim. Convert all callsites that don't implement their own fallback strategy to __GFP_THISNODE. This restricts the allocation a single node too, but at the same time allows the allocator to enter the slowpath, wake kswapd, and invoke direct reclaim if necessary, to make the allocation happen when memory is full. Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 28 1月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Wanpeng Li 提交于
Commit 7851a45c ("mm: numa: Copy cpupid on page migration") copies over the cpupid at page migration time. It is unnecessary to set it again in alloc_misplaced_dst_page(). Signed-off-by: NWanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 24 1月, 2014 2 次提交
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由 Wanpeng Li 提交于
Commit 7851a45c ("mm: numa: Copy cpupid on page migration") copiess over the cpupid at page migration time. It is unnecessary to set it again in migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(). Signed-off-by: NWanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Sasha Levin 提交于
Most of the VM_BUG_ON assertions are performed on a page. Usually, when one of these assertions fails we'll get a BUG_ON with a call stack and the registers. I've recently noticed based on the requests to add a small piece of code that dumps the page to various VM_BUG_ON sites that the page dump is quite useful to people debugging issues in mm. This patch adds a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(cond, page) which beyond doing what VM_BUG_ON() does, also dumps the page before executing the actual BUG_ON. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up includes] Signed-off-by: NSasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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