Recently I've run a kernel w/o PAT support and wondered why there was
a file "x86/pat_memtype_list" in debugfs. Of course it's empty if PAT
is disabled ... so just get rid of this interface if PAT is disabled.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Alexey Dobriyan reported trouble with LTP with the new fast-gup code,
and Johannes Weiner debugged it to non-page-aligned addresses, where the
new get_user_pages_fast() code would do all the wrong things, including
just traversing past the end of the requested area due to 'addr' never
matching 'end' exactly.

This is not a pretty fix, and we may actually want to move the alignment
into generic code, leaving just the core code per-arch, but Alexey
verified that the vmsplice01 LTP test doesn't crash with this.
Reported-and-tested-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Debugged-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove arch-specific show_mem() in favor of the generic version.

This also removes the following redundant information display:

	- pages in swapcache, printed by show_swap_cache_info()
	- dirty pages, writeback pages, mapped pages, slab pages,
	  pagetable pages, printed by show_free_areas()

where show_mem() calls show_free_areas(), which calls
show_swap_cache_info().
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Implement get_user_pages_fast without locking in the fastpath on x86.

Do an optimistic lockless pagetable walk, without taking mmap_sem or any
page table locks or even mmap_sem.  Page table existence is guaranteed by
turning interrupts off (combined with the fact that we're always looking
up the current mm, means we can do the lockless page table walk within the
constraints of the TLB shootdown design).  Basically we can do this
lockless pagetable walk in a similar manner to the way the CPU's pagetable
walker does not have to take any locks to find present ptes.

This patch (combined with the subsequent ones to convert direct IO to use
it) was found to give about 10% performance improvement on a 2 socket 8
core Intel Xeon system running an OLTP workload on DB2 v9.5

 "To test the effects of the patch, an OLTP workload was run on an IBM
  x3850 M2 server with 2 processors (quad-core Intel Xeon processors at
  2.93 GHz) using IBM DB2 v9.5 running Linux 2.6.24rc7 kernel.  Comparing
  runs with and without the patch resulted in an overall performance
  benefit of ~9.8%.  Correspondingly, oprofiles showed that samples from
  __up_read and __down_read routines that is seen during thread contention
  for system resources was reduced from 2.8% down to .05%.  Monitoring the
  /proc/vmstat output from the patched run showed that the counter for
  fast_gup contained a very high number while the fast_gup_slow value was
  zero."

(fast_gup is the old name for get_user_pages_fast, fast_gup_slow is a
counter we had for the number of times the slowpath was invoked).

The main reason for the improvement is that DB2 has multiple threads each
issuing direct-IO.  Direct-IO uses get_user_pages, and thus the threads
contend the mmap_sem cacheline, and can also contend on page table locks.

I would anticipate larger performance gains on larger systems, however I
think DB2 uses an adaptive mix of threads and processes, so it could be
that thread contention remains pretty constant as machine size increases.
In which case, we stuck with "only" a 10% gain.

The downside of using get_user_pages_fast is that if there is not a pte
with the correct permissions for the access, we end up falling back to
get_user_pages and so the get_user_pages_fast is a bit of extra work.
However this should not be the common case in most performance critical
code.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Kconfig fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Makefile fix/cleanup]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: warning fix]
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@austin.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@austin.ibm.com>
Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Zach Brown <zach.brown@oracle.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add an hugepagesz=...  option similar to IA64, PPC etc.  to x86-64.

This finally allows to select GB pages for hugetlbfs in x86 now that all
the infrastructure is in place.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: NAdam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Straight forward extensions for huge pages located in the PUD instead of
PMDs.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The goal of this patchset is to support multiple hugetlb page sizes.  This
is achieved by introducing a new struct hstate structure, which
encapsulates the important hugetlb state and constants (eg.  huge page
size, number of huge pages currently allocated, etc).

The hstate structure is then passed around the code which requires these
fields, they will do the right thing regardless of the exact hstate they
are operating on.

This patch adds the hstate structure, with a single global instance of it
(default_hstate), and does the basic work of converting hugetlb to use the
hstate.

Future patches will add more hstate structures to allow for different
hugetlbfs mounts to have different page sizes.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Acked-by: NAdam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In order to be able to debug things like the X server and programs using
the PPC Cell SPUs, the debugger needs to be able to access device memory
through ptrace and /proc/pid/mem.

This patch:

Add the generic_access_phys access function and put the hooks in place
to allow access_process_vm to access device or PPC Cell SPU memory.

[riel@redhat.com: Add documentation for the vm_ops->access function]
Signed-off-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrensmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are a lot of places that define either a single bootmem descriptor or an
array of them.  Use only one central array with MAX_NUMNODES items instead.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Acked-by: NRalf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

PTE_PFN_MASK was getting lonely, so I made it a friend.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Rusty, in his peevish way, complained that macros defining constants
should have a name which somewhat accurately reflects the actual
purpose of the constant.

Aside from the fact that PTE_MASK gives no clue as to what's actually
being masked, and is misleadingly similar to the functionally entirely
different PMD_MASK, PUD_MASK and PGD_MASK, I don't really see what the
problem is.

But if this patch silences the incessent noise, then it will have
achieved its goal (TODO: write test-case).
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

There are a couple of places where (P)Dprintk is used which is an old
compile time enabled printk wrapper. Convert it to the generic
pr_debug().
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

From: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Date: Sat, 19 Jul 2008 15:47:17 -0700

CONFIG_NONPROMISC_DEVMEM was a rather confusing name - but renaming it
to CONFIG_PROMISC_DEVMEM causes problems on architectures that do not
support this feature; this patch renames it to CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM,
so that architectures can opt-in into it.

( the polarity of the option is still the same as it was originally; it
  needs to be for now to not break architectures that don't have the
  infastructure yet to support this feature)
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "V.Radhakrishnan" <rk@atr-labs.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
---

Add a debugfs interface to list out all the PAT memtype reservations.
Appears at debugfs x86/pat_memtype_list and output format is
type @ <start addr>-<end addr>

We do not hold the lock while printing the entire list. So, the list may not be
a consistent copy in case where regions are getting added or deleted
at the same time.
Signed-off-by: NVenkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

only supports memory below max_low_pfn.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

it's separate functionality that deserves its own file.

This also prepares 32-bit memtest support.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Linus observed:

> The real bug is that we shouldn't have "double negatives", and
> certainly not negative config options. Making that "promiscuous
> /dev/mem" option a negated thing as a config option was bad.

right ... lets rename this option. There should never be a negation
in config options.

[ that reminds me of CONFIG_SCHED_NO_NO_OMIT_FRAME_POINTER, but that
  is for another commit ;-) ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Synchronized tables with current specifications.
Signed-off-by: NBob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLen Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>

Fix bug in kernel_physical_mapping_init() that causes kernel
page table to be built incorrectly for systems with greater
than 512GB of memory.
Signed-off-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Signed-off-by: NEduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

optimization: try to merge the range with same page size in
init_memory_mapping, to get the best possible linear mappings set up.

thus when GBpages is not there, we could do 2M pages.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

tighten the boundary checks around max_low_pfn_mapped - dont overmap
nor undermap into holes.

also print out tseg for AMD cpus, for diagnostic purposes.
(this is an SMM area, and we split up any big mappings around that area)
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

when more than 4g memory is installed, don't map the big hole below 4g.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

save the SLIT, in case we are using fixmap to read it, and that fixmap
could be cleared by others.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add ioremap_default(), which gives a sane mapping without worrying about
type conflicts.

Use it in /dev/mem read in place of ioremap(), as with ioremap(),
any mapping of the region (other than UC_MINUS) will cause a conflict
and failure of /dev/mem read.

Should address the vbetest failure reported at:

  http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11057Signed-off-by: NVenkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

fix phys_pmd_init to make sure not to return bigger value than end.

also print out range split:1G/2M/4K in init_memory_mapping().
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

handle head and tail that are not aligned to big pages (2MB/1GB boundary).

with this patch, on system that support gbpages, change:

  last_map_addr: 1080000000 end: 1078000000

to:

  last_map_addr: 1078000000 end: 1078000000
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: "Nick Piggin" <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: "Mark McLoughlin" <markmc@redhat.com>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: "Eduardo Habkost" <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: "Vegard Nossum" <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Cc: "Stephen Tweedie" <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: "Jeremy Fitzhardinge" <jeremy@goop.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

prepare for overmapped patch

also printout last_map_addr together with end
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

arch/x86/mm/pgtable_32.c:144: warning: 'fixmaps' defined but not used
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add boot-time function for creating additional 2MB page table entries for
mapping chipset specific cached/uncached ranges.
Signed-off-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

use ACPI_NUMA directly

and move srat_32.c to mm/
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

we already have the same srat handling interface for 32bit.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Rather than using _PAGE_GLOBAL - which not all CPUs support - to test
CPA, use one of the reserved-for-software-use PTE flags instead.  This
allows CPA testing to work on CPUs which don't support PGD.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

From: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>

Older x86-32 processors do not support global mappings (PGD), so must
only use it if the processor supports it.

The _PAGE_KERNEL* flags always have _PAGE_KERNEL set, since logically
we always want it set.

This is OK even on processors which do not support PGD, since all
_PAGE flags are masked with __supported_pte_mask before being turned
into a real in-pagetable pte.  On 32-bit systems, __supported_pte_mask
is initialized to not contain _PAGE_GLOBAL, and it is then added if
the CPU is found to support it.

The x86-32 code used to use __PAGE_KERNEL/__PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC for this
purpose, but they're now redundant and can be removed.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

When allocating a new pud, unconditionally populate the pgd (why did
we bother to create a new pud if we weren't going to populate it?).

This will only happen if the pgd slot was empty, since any existing
pud will be reused.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

move out e820_register_active_regions from non numa zones_sizes_init()
and remove numa version zones_sizes_init().

and let 32 bit call remove_all_active_ranges() in setup_arch() directly
like 64-bit
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

kva ram already mapped right after away, so don't need to get that for low ram.
avoid wasting one copy of pgdat.

also add node id in early_res name in case we get it from find_e820_area.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>