sample: vfio mdev display - host device

Simple framebuffer display, demo-ing the vfio region display interface
(VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION).
Signed-off-by: NGerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>

samples/Kconfig

@@ -115,6 +115,14 @@ config SAMPLE_VFIO_MDEV_MTTY
 	  Build a virtual tty sample driver for use as a VFIO
 	  mediated device
 
+config SAMPLE_VFIO_MDEV_MDPY
+	tristate "Build VFIO mdpy example mediated device sample code -- loadable modules only"
+	depends on VFIO_MDEV_DEVICE && m
+	help
+	  Build a virtual display sample driver for use as a VFIO
+	  mediated device.  It is a simple framebuffer and supports
+	  the region display interface (VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION).
+
 config SAMPLE_STATX
 	bool "Build example extended-stat using code"
 	depends on BROKEN

samples/vfio-mdev/Makefile

 obj-$(CONFIG_SAMPLE_VFIO_MDEV_MTTY) += mtty.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SAMPLE_VFIO_MDEV_MDPY) += mdpy.o

samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy-defs.h

+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
+/*
+ * Simple pci display device.
+ *
+ * Framebuffer memory is pci bar 0.
+ * Configuration (read-only) is in pci config space.
+ * Format field uses drm fourcc codes.
+ * ATM only DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888 is supported.
+ */
+
+/* pci ids */
+#define MDPY_PCI_VENDOR_ID	0x1b36 /* redhat */
+#define MDPY_PCI_DEVICE_ID	0x000f
+#define MDPY_PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID	PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID_REDHAT_QUMRANET
+#define MDPY_PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID	PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID_QEMU
+
+/* pci cfg space offsets for fb config (dword) */
+#define MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET   0x40
+#define MDPY_VENDORCAP_SIZE     0x10
+#define MDPY_FORMAT_OFFSET	(MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 0x04)
+#define MDPY_WIDTH_OFFSET	(MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 0x08)
+#define MDPY_HEIGHT_OFFSET	(MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 0x0c)

samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Mediated virtual PCI display host device driver
+ *
+ * See mdpy-defs.h for device specs
+ *
+ *   (c) Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * based on mtty driver which is:
+ *   Copyright (c) 2016, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
+ *	 Author: Neo Jia <cjia@nvidia.com>
+ *		 Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/cdev.h>
+#include <linux/vfio.h>
+#include <linux/iommu.h>
+#include <linux/sysfs.h>
+#include <linux/mdev.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <drm/drm_fourcc.h>
+#include "mdpy-defs.h"
+
+#define MDPY_NAME		"mdpy"
+#define MDPY_CLASS_NAME		"mdpy"
+
+#define MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE	0xff
+#define MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET	PAGE_SIZE
+#define MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION	16
+
+#define STORE_LE16(addr, val)	(*(u16 *)addr = val)
+#define STORE_LE32(addr, val)	(*(u32 *)addr = val)
+
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+
+static int max_devices = 4;
+module_param_named(count, max_devices, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(count, "number of " MDPY_NAME " devices");
+
+
+#define MDPY_TYPE_1 "vga"
+#define MDPY_TYPE_2 "xga"
+#define MDPY_TYPE_3 "hd"
+
+static const struct mdpy_type {
+	const char *name;
+	u32 format;
+	u32 bytepp;
+	u32 width;
+	u32 height;
+} mdpy_types[] = {
+	{
+		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_1,
+		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
+		.bytepp = 4,
+		.width	= 640,
+		.height = 480,
+	}, {
+		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_2,
+		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
+		.bytepp = 4,
+		.width	= 1024,
+		.height = 768,
+	}, {
+		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_3,
+		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
+		.bytepp = 4,
+		.width	= 1920,
+		.height = 1080,
+	},
+};
+
+static dev_t		mdpy_devt;
+static struct class	*mdpy_class;
+static struct cdev	mdpy_cdev;
+static struct device	mdpy_dev;
+static u32		mdpy_count;
+
+/* State of each mdev device */
+struct mdev_state {
+	u8 *vconfig;
+	u32 bar_mask;
+	struct mutex ops_lock;
+	struct mdev_device *mdev;
+	struct vfio_device_info dev_info;
+
+	const struct mdpy_type *type;
+	u32 memsize;
+	void *memblk;
+};
+
+static const struct mdpy_type *mdpy_find_type(struct kobject *kobj)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mdpy_types); i++)
+		if (strcmp(mdpy_types[i].name, kobj->name) == 0)
+			return mdpy_types + i;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void mdpy_create_config_space(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
+{
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_VENDOR_ID],
+		   MDPY_PCI_VENDOR_ID);
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_DEVICE_ID],
+		   MDPY_PCI_DEVICE_ID);
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID],
+		   MDPY_PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID);
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID],
+		   MDPY_PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID);
+
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_COMMAND],
+		   PCI_COMMAND_IO | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_STATUS],
+		   PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST);
+	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_DEVICE],
+		   PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER);
+	mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_REVISION] =  0x01;
+
+	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0],
+		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY |
+		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_32	 |
+		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
+	mdev_state->bar_mask = ~(mdev_state->memsize) + 1;
+
+	/* vendor specific capability for the config registers */
+	mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST]       = MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET;
+	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 0] = 0x09; /* vendor cap */
+	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 1] = 0x00; /* next ptr */
+	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 2] = MDPY_VENDORCAP_SIZE;
+	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_FORMAT_OFFSET],
+		   mdev_state->type->format);
+	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_WIDTH_OFFSET],
+		   mdev_state->type->width);
+	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_HEIGHT_OFFSET],
+		   mdev_state->type->height);
+}
+
+static void handle_pci_cfg_write(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
+				 char *buf, u32 count)
+{
+	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
+	u32 cfg_addr;
+
+	switch (offset) {
+	case PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0:
+		cfg_addr = *(u32 *)buf;
+
+		if (cfg_addr == 0xffffffff) {
+			cfg_addr = (cfg_addr & mdev_state->bar_mask);
+		} else {
+			cfg_addr &= PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
+			if (cfg_addr)
+				dev_info(dev, "BAR0 @ 0x%x\n", cfg_addr);
+		}
+
+		cfg_addr |= (mdev_state->vconfig[offset] &
+			     ~PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK);
+		STORE_LE32(&mdev_state->vconfig[offset], cfg_addr);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static ssize_t mdev_access(struct mdev_device *mdev, char *buf, size_t count,
+			   loff_t pos, bool is_write)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
+
+	if (pos < MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE) {
+		if (is_write)
+			handle_pci_cfg_write(mdev_state, pos, buf, count);
+		else
+			memcpy(buf, (mdev_state->vconfig + pos), count);
+
+	} else if ((pos >= MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET) &&
+		   (pos + count <=
+		    MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET + mdev_state->memsize)) {
+		pos -= MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET;
+		if (is_write)
+			memcpy(mdev_state->memblk, buf, count);
+		else
+			memcpy(buf, mdev_state->memblk, count);
+
+	} else {
+		dev_info(dev, "%s: %s @0x%llx (unhandled)\n",
+			 __func__, is_write ? "WR" : "RD", pos);
+		ret = -1;
+		goto accessfailed;
+	}
+
+	ret = count;
+
+
+accessfailed:
+	mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_reset(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+	u32 stride, i;
+
+	/* initialize with gray gradient */
+	stride = mdev_state->type->width * mdev_state->type->bytepp;
+	for (i = 0; i < mdev_state->type->height; i++)
+		memset(mdev_state->memblk + i * stride,
+		       i * 255 / mdev_state->type->height,
+		       stride);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_create(struct kobject *kobj, struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	const struct mdpy_type *type = mdpy_find_type(kobj);
+	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
+	u32 fbsize;
+
+	if (mdpy_count >= max_devices)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	mdev_state = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mdev_state), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (mdev_state == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	mdev_state->vconfig = kzalloc(MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (mdev_state->vconfig == NULL) {
+		kfree(mdev_state);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	if (!type)
+		type = &mdpy_types[0];
+	fbsize = roundup_pow_of_two(type->width * type->height * type->bytepp);
+
+	mdev_state->memblk = vmalloc_user(fbsize);
+	if (!mdev_state->memblk) {
+		kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
+		kfree(mdev_state);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	dev_info(dev, "%s: %s (%dx%d)\n",
+		 __func__, kobj->name, type->width, type->height);
+
+	mutex_init(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
+	mdev_state->mdev = mdev;
+	mdev_set_drvdata(mdev, mdev_state);
+
+	mdev_state->type    = type;
+	mdev_state->memsize = fbsize;
+	mdpy_create_config_space(mdev_state);
+	mdpy_reset(mdev);
+
+	mdpy_count++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
+
+	dev_info(dev, "%s\n", __func__);
+
+	mdev_set_drvdata(mdev, NULL);
+	vfree(mdev_state->memblk);
+	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
+	kfree(mdev_state);
+
+	mdpy_count--;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t mdpy_read(struct mdev_device *mdev, char __user *buf,
+			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	unsigned int done = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	while (count) {
+		size_t filled;
+
+		if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
+			u32 val;
+
+			ret =  mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					   *ppos, false);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto read_err;
+
+			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
+				goto read_err;
+
+			filled = 4;
+		} else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
+			u16 val;
+
+			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					  *ppos, false);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto read_err;
+
+			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
+				goto read_err;
+
+			filled = 2;
+		} else {
+			u8 val;
+
+			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					  *ppos, false);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto read_err;
+
+			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
+				goto read_err;
+
+			filled = 1;
+		}
+
+		count -= filled;
+		done += filled;
+		*ppos += filled;
+		buf += filled;
+	}
+
+	return done;
+
+read_err:
+	return -EFAULT;
+}
+
+static ssize_t mdpy_write(struct mdev_device *mdev, const char __user *buf,
+			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	unsigned int done = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	while (count) {
+		size_t filled;
+
+		if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
+			u32 val;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
+				goto write_err;
+
+			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					  *ppos, true);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto write_err;
+
+			filled = 4;
+		} else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
+			u16 val;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
+				goto write_err;
+
+			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					  *ppos, true);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto write_err;
+
+			filled = 2;
+		} else {
+			u8 val;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
+				goto write_err;
+
+			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
+					  *ppos, true);
+			if (ret <= 0)
+				goto write_err;
+
+			filled = 1;
+		}
+		count -= filled;
+		done += filled;
+		*ppos += filled;
+		buf += filled;
+	}
+
+	return done;
+write_err:
+	return -EFAULT;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_mmap(struct mdev_device *mdev, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+
+	if (vma->vm_pgoff != MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET >> PAGE_SHIFT)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (vma->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start > mdev_state->memsize)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return remap_vmalloc_range_partial(vma, vma->vm_start,
+					   mdev_state->memblk,
+					   vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
+}
+
+static int mdpy_get_region_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+				struct vfio_region_info *region_info,
+				u16 *cap_type_id, void **cap_type)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
+
+	mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+	if (!mdev_state)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (region_info->index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS &&
+	    region_info->index != MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	switch (region_info->index) {
+	case VFIO_PCI_CONFIG_REGION_INDEX:
+		region_info->offset = 0;
+		region_info->size   = MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE;
+		region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
+				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE);
+		break;
+	case VFIO_PCI_BAR0_REGION_INDEX:
+	case MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION:
+		region_info->offset = MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET;
+		region_info->size   = mdev_state->memsize;
+		region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ  |
+				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE |
+				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_MMAP);
+		break;
+	default:
+		region_info->size   = 0;
+		region_info->offset = 0;
+		region_info->flags  = 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_get_irq_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+			     struct vfio_irq_info *irq_info)
+{
+	irq_info->count = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_get_device_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+				struct vfio_device_info *dev_info)
+{
+	dev_info->flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FLAGS_PCI;
+	dev_info->num_regions = VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS;
+	dev_info->num_irqs = VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_query_gfx_plane(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+				struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info *plane)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+
+	if (plane->flags & VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE) {
+		if (plane->flags == (VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE |
+				     VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION))
+			return 0;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (plane->flags != VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	plane->drm_format     = mdev_state->type->format;
+	plane->width	      = mdev_state->type->width;
+	plane->height	      = mdev_state->type->height;
+	plane->stride	      = (mdev_state->type->width *
+				 mdev_state->type->bytepp);
+	plane->size	      = mdev_state->memsize;
+	plane->region_index   = MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION;
+
+	/* unused */
+	plane->drm_format_mod = 0;
+	plane->x_pos	      = 0;
+	plane->y_pos	      = 0;
+	plane->x_hot	      = 0;
+	plane->y_hot	      = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static long mdpy_ioctl(struct mdev_device *mdev, unsigned int cmd,
+		       unsigned long arg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned long minsz;
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
+
+	mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_INFO:
+	{
+		struct vfio_device_info info;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_info, num_irqs);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (info.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		ret = mdpy_get_device_info(mdev, &info);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		memcpy(&mdev_state->dev_info, &info, sizeof(info));
+
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_REGION_INFO:
+	{
+		struct vfio_region_info info;
+		u16 cap_type_id = 0;
+		void *cap_type = NULL;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_region_info, offset);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (info.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		ret = mdpy_get_region_info(mdev, &info, &cap_type_id,
+					   &cap_type);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_IRQ_INFO:
+	{
+		struct vfio_irq_info info;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_info, count);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if ((info.argsz < minsz) ||
+		    (info.index >= mdev_state->dev_info.num_irqs))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		ret = mdpy_get_irq_info(mdev, &info);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_QUERY_GFX_PLANE:
+	{
+		struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info plane;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info,
+				    region_index);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&plane, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (plane.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		ret = mdpy_query_gfx_plane(mdev, &plane);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &plane, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS:
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	case VFIO_DEVICE_RESET:
+		return mdpy_reset(mdev);
+	}
+	return -ENOTTY;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_open(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	if (!try_module_get(THIS_MODULE))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mdpy_close(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+}
+
+static ssize_t
+resolution_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+		char *buf)
+{
+	struct mdev_device *mdev = mdev_from_dev(dev);
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%dx%d\n",
+		       mdev_state->type->width,
+		       mdev_state->type->height);
+}
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(resolution);
+
+static struct attribute *mdev_dev_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_resolution.attr,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static const struct attribute_group mdev_dev_group = {
+	.name  = "vendor",
+	.attrs = mdev_dev_attrs,
+};
+
+const struct attribute_group *mdev_dev_groups[] = {
+	&mdev_dev_group,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static ssize_t
+name_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct device *dev, char *buf)
+{
+	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", kobj->name);
+}
+MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(name);
+
+static ssize_t
+description_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct device *dev, char *buf)
+{
+	const struct mdpy_type *type = mdpy_find_type(kobj);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "virtual display, %dx%d framebuffer\n",
+		       type ? type->width  : 0,
+		       type ? type->height : 0);
+}
+MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(description);
+
+static ssize_t
+available_instances_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct device *dev, char *buf)
+{
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", max_devices - mdpy_count);
+}
+MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(available_instances);
+
+static ssize_t device_api_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct device *dev,
+			       char *buf)
+{
+	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", VFIO_DEVICE_API_PCI_STRING);
+}
+MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(device_api);
+
+static struct attribute *mdev_types_attrs[] = {
+	&mdev_type_attr_name.attr,
+	&mdev_type_attr_description.attr,
+	&mdev_type_attr_device_api.attr,
+	&mdev_type_attr_available_instances.attr,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group1 = {
+	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_1,
+	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group2 = {
+	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_2,
+	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group3 = {
+	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_3,
+	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
+};
+
+static struct attribute_group *mdev_type_groups[] = {
+	&mdev_type_group1,
+	&mdev_type_group2,
+	&mdev_type_group3,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static const struct mdev_parent_ops mdev_fops = {
+	.owner			= THIS_MODULE,
+	.mdev_attr_groups	= mdev_dev_groups,
+	.supported_type_groups	= mdev_type_groups,
+	.create			= mdpy_create,
+	.remove			= mdpy_remove,
+	.open			= mdpy_open,
+	.release		= mdpy_close,
+	.read			= mdpy_read,
+	.write			= mdpy_write,
+	.ioctl			= mdpy_ioctl,
+	.mmap			= mdpy_mmap,
+};
+
+static const struct file_operations vd_fops = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+};
+
+static void mdpy_device_release(struct device *dev)
+{
+	/* nothing */
+}
+
+static int __init mdpy_dev_init(void)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&mdpy_devt, 0, MINORMASK, MDPY_NAME);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		pr_err("Error: failed to register mdpy_dev, err: %d\n", ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	cdev_init(&mdpy_cdev, &vd_fops);
+	cdev_add(&mdpy_cdev, mdpy_devt, MINORMASK);
+	pr_info("%s: major %d\n", __func__, MAJOR(mdpy_devt));
+
+	mdpy_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, MDPY_CLASS_NAME);
+	if (IS_ERR(mdpy_class)) {
+		pr_err("Error: failed to register mdpy_dev class\n");
+		ret = PTR_ERR(mdpy_class);
+		goto failed1;
+	}
+	mdpy_dev.class = mdpy_class;
+	mdpy_dev.release = mdpy_device_release;
+	dev_set_name(&mdpy_dev, "%s", MDPY_NAME);
+
+	ret = device_register(&mdpy_dev);
+	if (ret)
+		goto failed2;
+
+	ret = mdev_register_device(&mdpy_dev, &mdev_fops);
+	if (ret)
+		goto failed3;
+
+	return 0;
+
+failed3:
+	device_unregister(&mdpy_dev);
+failed2:
+	class_destroy(mdpy_class);
+failed1:
+	cdev_del(&mdpy_cdev);
+	unregister_chrdev_region(mdpy_devt, MINORMASK);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void __exit mdpy_dev_exit(void)
+{
+	mdpy_dev.bus = NULL;
+	mdev_unregister_device(&mdpy_dev);
+
+	device_unregister(&mdpy_dev);
+	cdev_del(&mdpy_cdev);
+	unregister_chrdev_region(mdpy_devt, MINORMASK);
+	class_destroy(mdpy_class);
+	mdpy_class = NULL;
+}
+
+module_init(mdpy_dev_init)
+module_exit(mdpy_dev_exit)