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提交 d27625c9 编写于 作者: D Dmitry Torokhov
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Merge tag 'media/v4.9-3' of... 

Merge tag 'media/v4.9-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media into synaptics-rmi4

Sync up with media tree to bring up latest Synaptics and Atmel changes.
上级 c8d2bc9b 1aeb5b61
展开全部 隐藏空白更改
内联 并排
Showing with 44498 addition and 50615 deletion
Documentation/CodingStyle
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -396,9 +396,13 @@ locations and some common work such as cleanup has to be done. If there is no ...@@ -396,9 +396,13 @@ locations and some common work such as cleanup has to be done. If there is no
cleanup needed then just return directly. cleanup needed then just return directly.
Choose label names which say what the goto does or why the goto exists. An Choose label names which say what the goto does or why the goto exists. An
example of a good name could be "out_buffer:" if the goto frees "buffer". Avoid example of a good name could be "out_free_buffer:" if the goto frees "buffer".
using GW-BASIC names like "err1:" and "err2:". Also don't name them after the Avoid using GW-BASIC names like "err1:" and "err2:", as you would have to
goto location like "err_kmalloc_failed:" renumber them if you ever add or remove exit paths, and they make correctness
difficult to verify anyway.
It is advised to indent labels with a single space (not tab), so that
"diff -p" does not confuse labels with functions.
The rationale for using gotos is: The rationale for using gotos is:
...@@ -425,20 +429,29 @@ The rationale for using gotos is: ...@@ -425,20 +429,29 @@ The rationale for using gotos is:
goto out_buffer; goto out_buffer;
} }
... ...
out_buffer: out_free_buffer:
kfree(buffer); kfree(buffer);
return result; return result;
} }
A common type of bug to be aware of is "one err bugs" which look like this: A common type of bug to be aware of is "one err bugs" which look like this:
err: err:
kfree(foo->bar); kfree(foo->bar);
kfree(foo); kfree(foo);
return ret; return ret;
The bug in this code is that on some exit paths "foo" is NULL. Normally the The bug in this code is that on some exit paths "foo" is NULL. Normally the
fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_bar:" and "err_foo:". fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_free_bar:" and
"err_free_foo:":
err_free_bar:
kfree(foo->bar);
err_free_foo:
kfree(foo);
return ret;
Ideally you should simulate errors to test all exit paths.
Chapter 8: Commenting Chapter 8: Commenting
...@@ -461,9 +474,6 @@ When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kernel-doc format. ...@@ -461,9 +474,6 @@ When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kernel-doc format.
See the files Documentation/kernel-documentation.rst and scripts/kernel-doc See the files Documentation/kernel-documentation.rst and scripts/kernel-doc
for details. for details.
Linux style for comments is the C89 "/* ... */" style.
Don't use C99-style "// ..." comments.
The preferred style for long (multi-line) comments is: The preferred style for long (multi-line) comments is:
/* /*
......
Documentation/DMA-API-HOWTO.txt
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -931,10 +931,8 @@ to "Closing". ...@@ -931,10 +931,8 @@ to "Closing".
1) Struct scatterlist requirements. 1) Struct scatterlist requirements.
Don't invent the architecture specific struct scatterlist; just use You need to enable CONFIG_NEED_SG_DMA_LENGTH if the architecture
<asm-generic/scatterlist.h>. You need to enable supports IOMMUs (including software IOMMU).
CONFIG_NEED_SG_DMA_LENGTH if the architecture supports IOMMUs
(including software IOMMU).
2) ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN 2) ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN
......
Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ...@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
# To add a new book the only step required is to add the book to the # To add a new book the only step required is to add the book to the
# list of DOCBOOKS. # list of DOCBOOKS.
DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml device-drivers.xml \ DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml \
kernel-hacking.xml kernel-locking.xml deviceiobook.xml \ kernel-hacking.xml kernel-locking.xml deviceiobook.xml \
writing_usb_driver.xml networking.xml \ writing_usb_driver.xml networking.xml \
kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \ kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \
...@@ -22,9 +22,15 @@ ifeq ($(DOCBOOKS),) ...@@ -22,9 +22,15 @@ ifeq ($(DOCBOOKS),)
# Skip DocBook build if the user explicitly requested no DOCBOOKS. # Skip DocBook build if the user explicitly requested no DOCBOOKS.
.DEFAULT: .DEFAULT:
@echo " SKIP DocBook $@ target (DOCBOOKS=\"\" specified)." @echo " SKIP DocBook $@ target (DOCBOOKS=\"\" specified)."
else
ifneq ($(SPHINXDIRS),)
# Skip DocBook build if the user explicitly requested a sphinx dir
.DEFAULT:
@echo " SKIP DocBook $@ target (SPHINXDIRS specified)."
else else
### ###
# The build process is as follows (targets): # The build process is as follows (targets):
# (xmldocs) [by docproc] # (xmldocs) [by docproc]
...@@ -66,6 +72,7 @@ installmandocs: mandocs ...@@ -66,6 +72,7 @@ installmandocs: mandocs
# no-op for the DocBook toolchain # no-op for the DocBook toolchain
epubdocs: epubdocs:
latexdocs:
### ###
#External programs used #External programs used
...@@ -221,6 +228,7 @@ silent_gen_xml = : ...@@ -221,6 +228,7 @@ silent_gen_xml = :
echo "</programlisting>") > $@ echo "</programlisting>") > $@
endif # DOCBOOKS="" endif # DOCBOOKS=""
endif # SPHINDIR=...
### ###
# Help targets as used by the top-level makefile # Help targets as used by the top-level makefile
......
Documentation/DocBook/device-drivers.tmpl 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
<book id="LinuxDriversAPI">
<bookinfo>
<title>Linux Device Drivers</title>
<legalnotice>
<para>
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.
</para>
<para>
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
See the GNU General Public License for more details.
</para>
<para>
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
MA 02111-1307 USA
</para>
<para>
For more details see the file COPYING in the source
distribution of Linux.
</para>
</legalnotice>
</bookinfo>
<toc></toc>
<chapter id="Basics">
<title>Driver Basics</title>
<sect1><title>Driver Entry and Exit points</title>
!Iinclude/linux/init.h
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Atomic and pointer manipulation</title>
!Iarch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines</title>
!Iinclude/linux/sched.h
!Ekernel/sched/core.c
!Ikernel/sched/cpupri.c
!Ikernel/sched/fair.c
!Iinclude/linux/completion.h
!Ekernel/time/timer.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Wait queues and Wake events</title>
!Iinclude/linux/wait.h
!Ekernel/sched/wait.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>High-resolution timers</title>
!Iinclude/linux/ktime.h
!Iinclude/linux/hrtimer.h
!Ekernel/time/hrtimer.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Workqueues and Kevents</title>
!Iinclude/linux/workqueue.h
!Ekernel/workqueue.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Internal Functions</title>
!Ikernel/exit.c
!Ikernel/signal.c
!Iinclude/linux/kthread.h
!Ekernel/kthread.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Kernel objects manipulation</title>
<!--
X!Iinclude/linux/kobject.h
-->
!Elib/kobject.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Kernel utility functions</title>
!Iinclude/linux/kernel.h
!Ekernel/printk/printk.c
!Ekernel/panic.c
!Ekernel/sys.c
!Ekernel/rcu/srcu.c
!Ekernel/rcu/tree.c
!Ekernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
!Ekernel/rcu/update.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device Resource Management</title>
!Edrivers/base/devres.c
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="devdrivers">
<title>Device drivers infrastructure</title>
<sect1><title>The Basic Device Driver-Model Structures </title>
!Iinclude/linux/device.h
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device Drivers Base</title>
!Idrivers/base/init.c
!Edrivers/base/driver.c
!Edrivers/base/core.c
!Edrivers/base/syscore.c
!Edrivers/base/class.c
!Idrivers/base/node.c
!Edrivers/base/firmware_class.c
!Edrivers/base/transport_class.c
<!-- Cannot be included, because
attribute_container_add_class_device_adapter
and attribute_container_classdev_to_container
exceed allowed 44 characters maximum
X!Edrivers/base/attribute_container.c
-->
!Edrivers/base/dd.c
<!--
X!Edrivers/base/interface.c
-->
!Iinclude/linux/platform_device.h
!Edrivers/base/platform.c
!Edrivers/base/bus.c
</sect1>
<sect1>
<title>Buffer Sharing and Synchronization</title>
<para>
The dma-buf subsystem provides the framework for sharing buffers
for hardware (DMA) access across multiple device drivers and
subsystems, and for synchronizing asynchronous hardware access.
</para>
<para>
This is used, for example, by drm "prime" multi-GPU support, but
is of course not limited to GPU use cases.
</para>
<para>
The three main components of this are: (1) dma-buf, representing
a sg_table and exposed to userspace as a file descriptor to allow
passing between devices, (2) fence, which provides a mechanism
to signal when one device as finished access, and (3) reservation,
which manages the shared or exclusive fence(s) associated with
the buffer.
</para>
<sect2><title>dma-buf</title>
!Edrivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c
!Iinclude/linux/dma-buf.h
</sect2>
<sect2><title>reservation</title>
!Pdrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c Reservation Object Overview
!Edrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
!Iinclude/linux/reservation.h
</sect2>
<sect2><title>fence</title>
!Edrivers/dma-buf/fence.c
!Iinclude/linux/fence.h
!Edrivers/dma-buf/seqno-fence.c
!Iinclude/linux/seqno-fence.h
!Edrivers/dma-buf/fence-array.c
!Iinclude/linux/fence-array.h
!Edrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
!Iinclude/linux/reservation.h
!Edrivers/dma-buf/sync_file.c
!Iinclude/linux/sync_file.h
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device Drivers DMA Management</title>
!Edrivers/base/dma-coherent.c
!Edrivers/base/dma-mapping.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device Drivers Power Management</title>
!Edrivers/base/power/main.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device Drivers ACPI Support</title>
<!-- Internal functions only
X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/main.c
X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/wakeup.c
X!Edrivers/acpi/motherboard.c
X!Edrivers/acpi/bus.c
-->
!Edrivers/acpi/scan.c
!Idrivers/acpi/scan.c
<!-- No correct structured comments
X!Edrivers/acpi/pci_bind.c
-->
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Device drivers PnP support</title>
!Idrivers/pnp/core.c
<!-- No correct structured comments
X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
-->
!Edrivers/pnp/card.c
!Idrivers/pnp/driver.c
!Edrivers/pnp/manager.c
!Edrivers/pnp/support.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Userspace IO devices</title>
!Edrivers/uio/uio.c
!Iinclude/linux/uio_driver.h
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="parportdev">
<title>Parallel Port Devices</title>
!Iinclude/linux/parport.h
!Edrivers/parport/ieee1284.c
!Edrivers/parport/share.c
!Idrivers/parport/daisy.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="message_devices">
<title>Message-based devices</title>
<sect1><title>Fusion message devices</title>
!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptctl.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptspi.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptfc.c
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptlan.c
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="snddev">
<title>Sound Devices</title>
!Iinclude/sound/core.h
!Esound/sound_core.c
!Iinclude/sound/pcm.h
!Esound/core/pcm.c
!Esound/core/device.c
!Esound/core/info.c
!Esound/core/rawmidi.c
!Esound/core/sound.c
!Esound/core/memory.c
!Esound/core/pcm_memory.c
!Esound/core/init.c
!Esound/core/isadma.c
!Esound/core/control.c
!Esound/core/pcm_lib.c
!Esound/core/hwdep.c
!Esound/core/pcm_native.c
!Esound/core/memalloc.c
<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
X!Isound/sound_firmware.c
-->
</chapter>
<chapter id="uart16x50">
<title>16x50 UART Driver</title>
!Edrivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c
!Edrivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="fbdev">
<title>Frame Buffer Library</title>
<para>
The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures.
These structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h. They are
fb_info, fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs.
The last three can be made available to and from userland.
</para>
<para>
fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card.
Inside fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a
collection of needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work.
fb_info is only visible to the kernel.
</para>
<para>
fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
that are user defined. With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as
depth and the resolution may be defined.
</para>
<para>
The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the
properties of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't
be changed otherwise. A good example of this is the start of the
frame buffer memory. This "locks" the address of the frame buffer
memory, so that it cannot be changed or moved.
</para>
<para>
The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was
little importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things
such as setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With
the new API, fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used
correctly, can prevent a monitor from being cooked. fb_monospecs
will not be useful until kernels 2.5.x.
</para>
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Memory</title>
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c
</sect1>
<!--
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Console</title>
X!Edrivers/video/console/fbcon.c
</sect1>
-->
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Colormap</title>
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcmap.c
</sect1>
<!-- FIXME:
drivers/video/fbgen.c has no docs, which stuffs up the sgml. Comment
out until somebody adds docs. KAO
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Generic Functions</title>
X!Idrivers/video/fbgen.c
</sect1>
KAO -->
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Video Mode Database</title>
!Idrivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database</title>
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/macmodes.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Fonts</title>
<para>
Refer to the file lib/fonts/fonts.c for more information.
</para>
<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
X!Ilib/fonts/fonts.c
-->
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="input_subsystem">
<title>Input Subsystem</title>
<sect1><title>Input core</title>
!Iinclude/linux/input.h
!Edrivers/input/input.c
!Edrivers/input/ff-core.c
!Edrivers/input/ff-memless.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Multitouch Library</title>
!Iinclude/linux/input/mt.h
!Edrivers/input/input-mt.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Polled input devices</title>
!Iinclude/linux/input-polldev.h
!Edrivers/input/input-polldev.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Matrix keyboards/keypads</title>
!Iinclude/linux/input/matrix_keypad.h
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Sparse keymap support</title>
!Iinclude/linux/input/sparse-keymap.h
!Edrivers/input/sparse-keymap.c
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="spi">
<title>Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)</title>
<para>
SPI is the "Serial Peripheral Interface", widely used with
embedded systems because it is a simple and efficient
interface: basically a multiplexed shift register.
Its three signal wires hold a clock (SCK, often in the range
of 1-20 MHz), a "Master Out, Slave In" (MOSI) data line, and
a "Master In, Slave Out" (MISO) data line.
SPI is a full duplex protocol; for each bit shifted out the
MOSI line (one per clock) another is shifted in on the MISO line.
Those bits are assembled into words of various sizes on the
way to and from system memory.
An additional chipselect line is usually active-low (nCS);
four signals are normally used for each peripheral, plus
sometimes an interrupt.
</para>
<para>
The SPI bus facilities listed here provide a generalized
interface to declare SPI busses and devices, manage them
according to the standard Linux driver model, and perform
input/output operations.
At this time, only "master" side interfaces are supported,
where Linux talks to SPI peripherals and does not implement
such a peripheral itself.
(Interfaces to support implementing SPI slaves would
necessarily look different.)
</para>
<para>
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver,
and two kinds of device.
A "Controller Driver" abstracts the controller hardware, which may
be as simple as a set of GPIO pins or as complex as a pair of FIFOs
connected to dual DMA engines on the other side of the SPI shift
register (maximizing throughput). Such drivers bridge between
whatever bus they sit on (often the platform bus) and SPI, and
expose the SPI side of their device as a
<structname>struct spi_master</structname>.
SPI devices are children of that master, represented as a
<structname>struct spi_device</structname> and manufactured from
<structname>struct spi_board_info</structname> descriptors which
are usually provided by board-specific initialization code.
A <structname>struct spi_driver</structname> is called a
"Protocol Driver", and is bound to a spi_device using normal
driver model calls.
</para>
<para>
The I/O model is a set of queued messages. Protocol drivers
submit one or more <structname>struct spi_message</structname>
objects, which are processed and completed asynchronously.
(There are synchronous wrappers, however.) Messages are
built from one or more <structname>struct spi_transfer</structname>
objects, each of which wraps a full duplex SPI transfer.
A variety of protocol tweaking options are needed, because
different chips adopt very different policies for how they
use the bits transferred with SPI.
</para>
!Iinclude/linux/spi/spi.h
!Fdrivers/spi/spi.c spi_register_board_info
!Edrivers/spi/spi.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="i2c">
<title>I<superscript>2</superscript>C and SMBus Subsystem</title>
<para>
I<superscript>2</superscript>C (or without fancy typography, "I2C")
is an acronym for the "Inter-IC" bus, a simple bus protocol which is
widely used where low data rate communications suffice.
Since it's also a licensed trademark, some vendors use another
name (such as "Two-Wire Interface", TWI) for the same bus.
I2C only needs two signals (SCL for clock, SDA for data), conserving
board real estate and minimizing signal quality issues.
Most I2C devices use seven bit addresses, and bus speeds of up
to 400 kHz; there's a high speed extension (3.4 MHz) that's not yet
found wide use.
I2C is a multi-master bus; open drain signaling is used to
arbitrate between masters, as well as to handshake and to
synchronize clocks from slower clients.
</para>
<para>
The Linux I2C programming interfaces support only the master
side of bus interactions, not the slave side.
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver,
and two kinds of device.
An I2C "Adapter Driver" abstracts the controller hardware; it binds
to a physical device (perhaps a PCI device or platform_device) and
exposes a <structname>struct i2c_adapter</structname> representing
each I2C bus segment it manages.
On each I2C bus segment will be I2C devices represented by a
<structname>struct i2c_client</structname>. Those devices will
be bound to a <structname>struct i2c_driver</structname>,
which should follow the standard Linux driver model.
(At this writing, a legacy model is more widely used.)
There are functions to perform various I2C protocol operations; at
this writing all such functions are usable only from task context.
</para>
<para>
The System Management Bus (SMBus) is a sibling protocol. Most SMBus
systems are also I2C conformant. The electrical constraints are
tighter for SMBus, and it standardizes particular protocol messages
and idioms. Controllers that support I2C can also support most
SMBus operations, but SMBus controllers don't support all the protocol
options that an I2C controller will.
There are functions to perform various SMBus protocol operations,
either using I2C primitives or by issuing SMBus commands to
i2c_adapter devices which don't support those I2C operations.
</para>
!Iinclude/linux/i2c.h
!Fdrivers/i2c/i2c-boardinfo.c i2c_register_board_info
!Edrivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="hsi">
<title>High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI)</title>
<para>
High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI) is a
serial interface mainly used for connecting application
engines (APE) with cellular modem engines (CMT) in cellular
handsets.
HSI provides multiplexing for up to 16 logical channels,
low-latency and full duplex communication.
</para>
!Iinclude/linux/hsi/hsi.h
!Edrivers/hsi/hsi_core.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="pwm">
<title>Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)</title>
<para>
Pulse-width modulation is a modulation technique primarily used to
control power supplied to electrical devices.
</para>
<para>
The PWM framework provides an abstraction for providers and consumers
of PWM signals. A controller that provides one or more PWM signals is
registered as <structname>struct pwm_chip</structname>. Providers are
expected to embed this structure in a driver-specific structure. This
structure contains fields that describe a particular chip.
</para>
<para>
A chip exposes one or more PWM signal sources, each of which exposed
as a <structname>struct pwm_device</structname>. Operations can be
performed on PWM devices to control the period, duty cycle, polarity
and active state of the signal.
</para>
<para>
Note that PWM devices are exclusive resources: they can always only be
used by one consumer at a time.
</para>
!Iinclude/linux/pwm.h
!Edrivers/pwm/core.c
</chapter>
</book>
Documentation/Makefile.sphinx
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ ...@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
# You can set these variables from the command line. # You can set these variables from the command line.
SPHINXBUILD = sphinx-build SPHINXBUILD = sphinx-build
SPHINXOPTS = SPHINXOPTS =
SPHINXDIRS = .
_SPHINXDIRS = $(patsubst $(srctree)/Documentation/%/conf.py,%,$(wildcard $(srctree)/Documentation/*/conf.py))
SPHINX_CONF = conf.py
PAPER = PAPER =
BUILDDIR = $(obj)/output BUILDDIR = $(obj)/output
...@@ -25,38 +28,62 @@ else ifneq ($(DOCBOOKS),) ...@@ -25,38 +28,62 @@ else ifneq ($(DOCBOOKS),)
else # HAVE_SPHINX else # HAVE_SPHINX
# User-friendly check for rst2pdf # User-friendly check for pdflatex
HAVE_RST2PDF := $(shell if python -c "import rst2pdf" >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi) HAVE_PDFLATEX := $(shell if which xelatex >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi)
# Internal variables. # Internal variables.
PAPEROPT_a4 = -D latex_paper_size=a4 PAPEROPT_a4 = -D latex_paper_size=a4
PAPEROPT_letter = -D latex_paper_size=letter PAPEROPT_letter = -D latex_paper_size=letter
KERNELDOC = $(srctree)/scripts/kernel-doc KERNELDOC = $(srctree)/scripts/kernel-doc
KERNELDOC_CONF = -D kerneldoc_srctree=$(srctree) -D kerneldoc_bin=$(KERNELDOC) KERNELDOC_CONF = -D kerneldoc_srctree=$(srctree) -D kerneldoc_bin=$(KERNELDOC)
ALLSPHINXOPTS = -D version=$(KERNELVERSION) -D release=$(KERNELRELEASE) -d $(BUILDDIR)/.doctrees $(KERNELDOC_CONF) $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) -c $(srctree)/$(src) $(SPHINXOPTS) $(srctree)/$(src) ALLSPHINXOPTS = $(KERNELDOC_CONF) $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS)
# the i18n builder cannot share the environment and doctrees with the others # the i18n builder cannot share the environment and doctrees with the others
I18NSPHINXOPTS = $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) . I18NSPHINXOPTS = $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) .
quiet_cmd_sphinx = SPHINX $@ # commands; the 'cmd' from scripts/Kbuild.include is not *loopable*
cmd_sphinx = BUILDDIR=$(BUILDDIR) $(SPHINXBUILD) -b $2 $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/$2 loop_cmd = $(echo-cmd) $(cmd_$(1))
# $2 sphinx builder e.g. "html"
# $3 name of the build subfolder / e.g. "media", used as:
# * dest folder relative to $(BUILDDIR) and
# * cache folder relative to $(BUILDDIR)/.doctrees
# $4 dest subfolder e.g. "man" for man pages at media/man
# $5 reST source folder relative to $(srctree)/$(src),
# e.g. "media" for the linux-tv book-set at ./Documentation/media
quiet_cmd_sphinx = SPHINX $@ --> file://$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)/$3/$4);
cmd_sphinx = $(MAKE) BUILDDIR=$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)) $(build)=Documentation/media all;\
BUILDDIR=$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)) SPHINX_CONF=$(abspath $(srctree)/$(src)/$5/$(SPHINX_CONF)) \
$(SPHINXBUILD) \
-b $2 \
-c $(abspath $(srctree)/$(src)) \
-d $(abspath $(BUILDDIR)/.doctrees/$3) \
-D version=$(KERNELVERSION) -D release=$(KERNELRELEASE) \
$(ALLSPHINXOPTS) \
$(abspath $(srctree)/$(src)/$5) \
$(abspath $(BUILDDIR)/$3/$4);
htmldocs: htmldocs:
$(MAKE) BUILDDIR=$(BUILDDIR) -f $(srctree)/Documentation/media/Makefile $@ @$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,html,$(var),,$(var)))
$(call cmd,sphinx,html)
pdfdocs: latexdocs:
ifeq ($(HAVE_RST2PDF),0) ifeq ($(HAVE_PDFLATEX),0)
$(warning The Python 'rst2pdf' module was not found. Make sure you have the module installed to produce PDF output.) $(warning The 'xelatex' command was not found. Make sure you have it installed and in PATH to produce PDF output.)
@echo " SKIP Sphinx $@ target." @echo " SKIP Sphinx $@ target."
else # HAVE_RST2PDF else # HAVE_PDFLATEX
$(call cmd,sphinx,pdf) @$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,latex,$(var),latex,$(var)))
endif # HAVE_RST2PDF endif # HAVE_PDFLATEX
pdfdocs: latexdocs
ifneq ($(HAVE_PDFLATEX),0)
$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS), $(MAKE) PDFLATEX=xelatex LATEXOPTS="-interaction=nonstopmode" -C $(BUILDDIR)/$(var)/latex)
endif # HAVE_PDFLATEX
epubdocs: epubdocs:
$(call cmd,sphinx,epub) @$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,epub,$(var),epub,$(var)))
xmldocs: xmldocs:
$(call cmd,sphinx,xml) @$(foreach var,$(SPHINXDIRS),$(call loop_cmd,sphinx,xml,$(var),xml,$(var)))
# no-ops for the Sphinx toolchain # no-ops for the Sphinx toolchain
sgmldocs: sgmldocs:
...@@ -72,7 +99,14 @@ endif # HAVE_SPHINX ...@@ -72,7 +99,14 @@ endif # HAVE_SPHINX
dochelp: dochelp:
@echo ' Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats (Sphinx):' @echo ' Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats (Sphinx):'
@echo ' htmldocs - HTML' @echo ' htmldocs - HTML'
@echo ' latexdocs - LaTeX'
@echo ' pdfdocs - PDF' @echo ' pdfdocs - PDF'
@echo ' epubdocs - EPUB' @echo ' epubdocs - EPUB'
@echo ' xmldocs - XML' @echo ' xmldocs - XML'
@echo ' cleandocs - clean all generated files' @echo ' cleandocs - clean all generated files'
@echo
@echo ' make SPHINXDIRS="s1 s2" [target] Generate only docs of folder s1, s2'
@echo ' valid values for SPHINXDIRS are: $(_SPHINXDIRS)'
@echo
@echo ' make SPHINX_CONF={conf-file} [target] use *additional* sphinx-build'
@echo ' configuration. This is e.g. useful to build with nit-picking config.'
Documentation/arm/sunxi/README
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -73,4 +73,13 @@ SunXi family ...@@ -73,4 +73,13 @@ SunXi family
* Octa ARM Cortex-A7 based SoCs * Octa ARM Cortex-A7 based SoCs
- Allwinner A83T - Allwinner A83T
+ Datasheet + Datasheet
http://dl.linux-sunxi.org/A83T/A83T_datasheet_Revision_1.1.pdf https://github.com/allwinner-zh/documents/raw/master/A83T/A83T_Datasheet_v1.3_20150510.pdf
+ User Manual
https://github.com/allwinner-zh/documents/raw/master/A83T/A83T_User_Manual_v1.5.1_20150513.pdf
* Quad ARM Cortex-A53 based SoCs
- Allwinner A64
+ Datasheet
http://dl.linux-sunxi.org/A64/A64_Datasheet_V1.1.pdf
+ User Manual
http://dl.linux-sunxi.org/A64/Allwinner%20A64%20User%20Manual%20v1.0.pdf
Documentation/clk.txt
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -31,24 +31,25 @@ serve as a convenient shorthand for the implementation of the ...@@ -31,24 +31,25 @@ serve as a convenient shorthand for the implementation of the
hardware-specific bits for the hypothetical "foo" hardware. hardware-specific bits for the hypothetical "foo" hardware.
Tying the two halves of this interface together is struct clk_hw, which Tying the two halves of this interface together is struct clk_hw, which
is defined in struct clk_foo and pointed to within struct clk. This is defined in struct clk_foo and pointed to within struct clk_core. This
allows for easy navigation between the two discrete halves of the common allows for easy navigation between the two discrete halves of the common
clock interface. clock interface.
Part 2 - common data structures and api Part 2 - common data structures and api
Below is the common struct clk definition from Below is the common struct clk_core definition from
include/linux/clk-private.h, modified for brevity: drivers/clk/clk.c, modified for brevity:
struct clk { struct clk_core {
const char *name; const char *name;
const struct clk_ops *ops; const struct clk_ops *ops;
struct clk_hw *hw; struct clk_hw *hw;
char **parent_names; struct module *owner;
struct clk **parents; struct clk_core *parent;
struct clk *parent; const char **parent_names;
struct hlist_head children; struct clk_core **parents;
struct hlist_node child_node; u8 num_parents;
u8 new_parent_index;
... ...
}; };
...@@ -56,16 +57,19 @@ The members above make up the core of the clk tree topology. The clk ...@@ -56,16 +57,19 @@ The members above make up the core of the clk tree topology. The clk
api itself defines several driver-facing functions which operate on api itself defines several driver-facing functions which operate on
struct clk. That api is documented in include/linux/clk.h. struct clk. That api is documented in include/linux/clk.h.
Platforms and devices utilizing the common struct clk use the struct Platforms and devices utilizing the common struct clk_core use the struct
clk_ops pointer in struct clk to perform the hardware-specific parts of clk_ops pointer in struct clk_core to perform the hardware-specific parts of
the operations defined in clk.h: the operations defined in clk-provider.h:
struct clk_ops { struct clk_ops {
int (*prepare)(struct clk_hw *hw); int (*prepare)(struct clk_hw *hw);
void (*unprepare)(struct clk_hw *hw); void (*unprepare)(struct clk_hw *hw);
int (*is_prepared)(struct clk_hw *hw);
void (*unprepare_unused)(struct clk_hw *hw);
int (*enable)(struct clk_hw *hw); int (*enable)(struct clk_hw *hw);
void (*disable)(struct clk_hw *hw); void (*disable)(struct clk_hw *hw);
int (*is_enabled)(struct clk_hw *hw); int (*is_enabled)(struct clk_hw *hw);
void (*disable_unused)(struct clk_hw *hw);
unsigned long (*recalc_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long (*recalc_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw,
unsigned long parent_rate); unsigned long parent_rate);
long (*round_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw, long (*round_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw,
...@@ -84,6 +88,8 @@ the operations defined in clk.h: ...@@ -84,6 +88,8 @@ the operations defined in clk.h:
u8 index); u8 index);
unsigned long (*recalc_accuracy)(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long (*recalc_accuracy)(struct clk_hw *hw,
unsigned long parent_accuracy); unsigned long parent_accuracy);
int (*get_phase)(struct clk_hw *hw);
int (*set_phase)(struct clk_hw *hw, int degrees);
void (*init)(struct clk_hw *hw); void (*init)(struct clk_hw *hw);
int (*debug_init)(struct clk_hw *hw, int (*debug_init)(struct clk_hw *hw,
struct dentry *dentry); struct dentry *dentry);
...@@ -91,7 +97,7 @@ the operations defined in clk.h: ...@@ -91,7 +97,7 @@ the operations defined in clk.h:
Part 3 - hardware clk implementations Part 3 - hardware clk implementations
The strength of the common struct clk comes from its .ops and .hw pointers The strength of the common struct clk_core comes from its .ops and .hw pointers
which abstract the details of struct clk from the hardware-specific bits, and which abstract the details of struct clk from the hardware-specific bits, and
vice versa. To illustrate consider the simple gateable clk implementation in vice versa. To illustrate consider the simple gateable clk implementation in
drivers/clk/clk-gate.c: drivers/clk/clk-gate.c:
...@@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ struct clk_gate contains struct clk_hw hw as well as hardware-specific ...@@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ struct clk_gate contains struct clk_hw hw as well as hardware-specific
knowledge about which register and bit controls this clk's gating. knowledge about which register and bit controls this clk's gating.
Nothing about clock topology or accounting, such as enable_count or Nothing about clock topology or accounting, such as enable_count or
notifier_count, is needed here. That is all handled by the common notifier_count, is needed here. That is all handled by the common
framework code and struct clk. framework code and struct clk_core.
Let's walk through enabling this clk from driver code: Let's walk through enabling this clk from driver code:
...@@ -139,22 +145,18 @@ static void clk_gate_set_bit(struct clk_gate *gate) ...@@ -139,22 +145,18 @@ static void clk_gate_set_bit(struct clk_gate *gate)
Note that to_clk_gate is defined as: Note that to_clk_gate is defined as:
#define to_clk_gate(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_gate, clk) #define to_clk_gate(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_gate, hw)
This pattern of abstraction is used for every clock hardware This pattern of abstraction is used for every clock hardware
representation. representation.
Part 4 - supporting your own clk hardware Part 4 - supporting your own clk hardware
When implementing support for a new type of clock it only necessary to When implementing support for a new type of clock it is only necessary to
include the following header: include the following header:
#include <linux/clk-provider.h> #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
include/linux/clk.h is included within that header and clk-private.h
must never be included from the code which implements the operations for
a clock. More on that below in Part 5.
To construct a clk hardware structure for your platform you must define To construct a clk hardware structure for your platform you must define
the following: the following:
......
Documentation/conf.py
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -14,11 +14,17 @@ ...@@ -14,11 +14,17 @@
import sys import sys
import os import os
import sphinx
# Get Sphinx version
major, minor, patch = map(int, sphinx.__version__.split("."))
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory, # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here. # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('sphinx')) sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('sphinx'))
from load_config import loadConfig
# -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------ # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
...@@ -28,14 +34,13 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('sphinx')) ...@@ -28,14 +34,13 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('sphinx'))
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
# ones. # ones.
extensions = ['kernel-doc', 'rstFlatTable', 'kernel_include'] extensions = ['kernel-doc', 'rstFlatTable', 'kernel_include', 'cdomain']
# Gracefully handle missing rst2pdf. # The name of the math extension changed on Sphinx 1.4
try: if minor > 3:
import rst2pdf extensions.append("sphinx.ext.imgmath")
extensions += ['rst2pdf.pdfbuilder'] else:
except ImportError: extensions.append("sphinx.ext.pngmath")
pass
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory. # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['_templates'] templates_path = ['_templates']
...@@ -252,23 +257,90 @@ htmlhelp_basename = 'TheLinuxKerneldoc' ...@@ -252,23 +257,90 @@ htmlhelp_basename = 'TheLinuxKerneldoc'
latex_elements = { latex_elements = {
# The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper'). # The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
#'papersize': 'letterpaper', 'papersize': 'a4paper',
# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt'). # The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
#'pointsize': '10pt', 'pointsize': '8pt',
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
#'preamble': '',
# Latex figure (float) alignment # Latex figure (float) alignment
#'figure_align': 'htbp', #'figure_align': 'htbp',
# Don't mangle with UTF-8 chars
'inputenc': '',
'utf8extra': '',
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
'preamble': '''
% Adjust margins
\\usepackage[margin=0.5in, top=1in, bottom=1in]{geometry}
% Allow generate some pages in landscape
\\usepackage{lscape}
% Put notes in color and let them be inside a table
\\definecolor{NoteColor}{RGB}{204,255,255}
\\definecolor{WarningColor}{RGB}{255,204,204}
\\definecolor{AttentionColor}{RGB}{255,255,204}
\\definecolor{OtherColor}{RGB}{204,204,204}
\\newlength{\\mynoticelength}
\\makeatletter\\newenvironment{coloredbox}[1]{%
\\setlength{\\fboxrule}{1pt}
\\setlength{\\fboxsep}{7pt}
\\setlength{\\mynoticelength}{\\linewidth}
\\addtolength{\\mynoticelength}{-2\\fboxsep}
\\addtolength{\\mynoticelength}{-2\\fboxrule}
\\begin{lrbox}{\\@tempboxa}\\begin{minipage}{\\mynoticelength}}{\\end{minipage}\\end{lrbox}%
\\ifthenelse%
{\\equal{\\py@noticetype}{note}}%
{\\colorbox{NoteColor}{\\usebox{\\@tempboxa}}}%
{%
\\ifthenelse%
{\\equal{\\py@noticetype}{warning}}%
{\\colorbox{WarningColor}{\\usebox{\\@tempboxa}}}%
{%
\\ifthenelse%
{\\equal{\\py@noticetype}{attention}}%
{\\colorbox{AttentionColor}{\\usebox{\\@tempboxa}}}%
{\\colorbox{OtherColor}{\\usebox{\\@tempboxa}}}%
}%
}%
}\\makeatother
\\makeatletter
\\renewenvironment{notice}[2]{%
\\def\\py@noticetype{#1}
\\begin{coloredbox}{#1}
\\bf\\it
\\par\\strong{#2}
\\csname py@noticestart@#1\\endcsname
}
{
\\csname py@noticeend@\\py@noticetype\\endcsname
\\end{coloredbox}
}
\\makeatother
% Use some font with UTF-8 support with XeLaTeX
\\usepackage{fontspec}
\\setsansfont{DejaVu Serif}
\\setromanfont{DejaVu Sans}
\\setmonofont{DejaVu Sans Mono}
% To allow adjusting table sizes
\\usepackage{adjustbox}
'''
} }
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title, # (source start file, target name, title,
# author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]). # author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
latex_documents = [ latex_documents = [
(master_doc, 'TheLinuxKernel.tex', 'The Linux Kernel Documentation', ('kernel-documentation', 'kernel-documentation.tex', 'The Linux Kernel Documentation',
'The kernel development community', 'manual'),
('gpu/index', 'gpu.tex', 'Linux GPU Driver Developer\'s Guide',
'The kernel development community', 'manual'),
('media/index', 'media.tex', 'Linux Media Subsystem Documentation',
'The kernel development community', 'manual'), 'The kernel development community', 'manual'),
] ]
...@@ -419,3 +491,9 @@ pdf_documents = [ ...@@ -419,3 +491,9 @@ pdf_documents = [
# line arguments. # line arguments.
kerneldoc_bin = '../scripts/kernel-doc' kerneldoc_bin = '../scripts/kernel-doc'
kerneldoc_srctree = '..' kerneldoc_srctree = '..'
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Since loadConfig overwrites settings from the global namespace, it has to be
# the last statement in the conf.py file
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
loadConfig(globals())
Documentation/gcov.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/gcov.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
Using gcov with the Linux kernel Using gcov with the Linux kernel
================================ ================================
1. Introduction
2. Preparation
3. Customization
4. Files
5. Modules
6. Separated build and test machines
7. Troubleshooting
Appendix A: sample script: gather_on_build.sh
Appendix B: sample script: gather_on_test.sh
1. Introduction
===============
gcov profiling kernel support enables the use of GCC's coverage testing gcov profiling kernel support enables the use of GCC's coverage testing
tool gcov [1] with the Linux kernel. Coverage data of a running kernel tool gcov_ with the Linux kernel. Coverage data of a running kernel
is exported in gcov-compatible format via the "gcov" debugfs directory. is exported in gcov-compatible format via the "gcov" debugfs directory.
To get coverage data for a specific file, change to the kernel build To get coverage data for a specific file, change to the kernel build
directory and use gcov with the -o option as follows (requires root): directory and use gcov with the ``-o`` option as follows (requires root)::
# cd /tmp/linux-out # cd /tmp/linux-out
# gcov -o /sys/kernel/debug/gcov/tmp/linux-out/kernel spinlock.c # gcov -o /sys/kernel/debug/gcov/tmp/linux-out/kernel spinlock.c
This will create source code files annotated with execution counts This will create source code files annotated with execution counts
in the current directory. In addition, graphical gcov front-ends such in the current directory. In addition, graphical gcov front-ends such
as lcov [2] can be used to automate the process of collecting data as lcov_ can be used to automate the process of collecting data
for the entire kernel and provide coverage overviews in HTML format. for the entire kernel and provide coverage overviews in HTML format.
Possible uses: Possible uses:
...@@ -36,25 +22,23 @@ Possible uses: ...@@ -36,25 +22,23 @@ Possible uses:
* minimizing kernel configurations (do I need this option if the * minimizing kernel configurations (do I need this option if the
associated code is never run?) associated code is never run?)
-- .. _gcov: http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Gcov.html
.. _lcov: http://ltp.sourceforge.net/coverage/lcov.php
[1] http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Gcov.html
[2] http://ltp.sourceforge.net/coverage/lcov.php
2. Preparation Preparation
============== -----------
Configure the kernel with: Configure the kernel with::
CONFIG_DEBUG_FS=y CONFIG_DEBUG_FS=y
CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL=y CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL=y
select the gcc's gcov format, default is autodetect based on gcc version: select the gcc's gcov format, default is autodetect based on gcc version::
CONFIG_GCOV_FORMAT_AUTODETECT=y CONFIG_GCOV_FORMAT_AUTODETECT=y
and to get coverage data for the entire kernel: and to get coverage data for the entire kernel::
CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL=y CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL=y
...@@ -63,58 +47,62 @@ larger and run slower. Also CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL may not be supported ...@@ -63,58 +47,62 @@ larger and run slower. Also CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL may not be supported
on all architectures. on all architectures.
Profiling data will only become accessible once debugfs has been Profiling data will only become accessible once debugfs has been
mounted: mounted::
mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug
3. Customization Customization
================ -------------
To enable profiling for specific files or directories, add a line To enable profiling for specific files or directories, add a line
similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile: similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile:
For a single file (e.g. main.o): - For a single file (e.g. main.o)::
GCOV_PROFILE_main.o := y
For all files in one directory: GCOV_PROFILE_main.o := y
GCOV_PROFILE := y
- For all files in one directory::
GCOV_PROFILE := y
To exclude files from being profiled even when CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL To exclude files from being profiled even when CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
is specified, use: is specified, use::
GCOV_PROFILE_main.o := n
GCOV_PROFILE_main.o := n and::
and:
GCOV_PROFILE := n GCOV_PROFILE := n
Only files which are linked to the main kernel image or are compiled as Only files which are linked to the main kernel image or are compiled as
kernel modules are supported by this mechanism. kernel modules are supported by this mechanism.
4. Files Files
======== -----
The gcov kernel support creates the following files in debugfs: The gcov kernel support creates the following files in debugfs:
/sys/kernel/debug/gcov ``/sys/kernel/debug/gcov``
Parent directory for all gcov-related files. Parent directory for all gcov-related files.
/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/reset ``/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/reset``
Global reset file: resets all coverage data to zero when Global reset file: resets all coverage data to zero when
written to. written to.
/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/path/to/compile/dir/file.gcda ``/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/path/to/compile/dir/file.gcda``
The actual gcov data file as understood by the gcov The actual gcov data file as understood by the gcov
tool. Resets file coverage data to zero when written to. tool. Resets file coverage data to zero when written to.
/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/path/to/compile/dir/file.gcno ``/sys/kernel/debug/gcov/path/to/compile/dir/file.gcno``
Symbolic link to a static data file required by the gcov Symbolic link to a static data file required by the gcov
tool. This file is generated by gcc when compiling with tool. This file is generated by gcc when compiling with
option -ftest-coverage. option ``-ftest-coverage``.
5. Modules Modules
========== -------
Kernel modules may contain cleanup code which is only run during Kernel modules may contain cleanup code which is only run during
module unload time. The gcov mechanism provides a means to collect module unload time. The gcov mechanism provides a means to collect
...@@ -124,7 +112,7 @@ Once the module is loaded again, the associated coverage counters are ...@@ -124,7 +112,7 @@ Once the module is loaded again, the associated coverage counters are
initialized with the data from its previous instantiation. initialized with the data from its previous instantiation.
This behavior can be deactivated by specifying the gcov_persist kernel This behavior can be deactivated by specifying the gcov_persist kernel
parameter: parameter::
gcov_persist=0 gcov_persist=0
...@@ -132,8 +120,8 @@ At run-time, a user can also choose to discard data for an unloaded ...@@ -132,8 +120,8 @@ At run-time, a user can also choose to discard data for an unloaded
module by writing to its data file or the global reset file. module by writing to its data file or the global reset file.
6. Separated build and test machines Separated build and test machines
==================================== ---------------------------------
The gcov kernel profiling infrastructure is designed to work out-of-the The gcov kernel profiling infrastructure is designed to work out-of-the
box for setups where kernels are built and run on the same machine. In box for setups where kernels are built and run on the same machine. In
...@@ -142,116 +130,127 @@ must be made, depending on where the gcov tool is used: ...@@ -142,116 +130,127 @@ must be made, depending on where the gcov tool is used:
a) gcov is run on the TEST machine a) gcov is run on the TEST machine
The gcov tool version on the test machine must be compatible with the The gcov tool version on the test machine must be compatible with the
gcc version used for kernel build. Also the following files need to be gcc version used for kernel build. Also the following files need to be
copied from build to test machine: copied from build to test machine:
from the source tree: from the source tree:
- all C source files + headers - all C source files + headers
from the build tree: from the build tree:
- all C source files + headers - all C source files + headers
- all .gcda and .gcno files - all .gcda and .gcno files
- all links to directories - all links to directories
It is important to note that these files need to be placed into the It is important to note that these files need to be placed into the
exact same file system location on the test machine as on the build exact same file system location on the test machine as on the build
machine. If any of the path components is symbolic link, the actual machine. If any of the path components is symbolic link, the actual
directory needs to be used instead (due to make's CURDIR handling). directory needs to be used instead (due to make's CURDIR handling).
b) gcov is run on the BUILD machine b) gcov is run on the BUILD machine
The following files need to be copied after each test case from test The following files need to be copied after each test case from test
to build machine: to build machine:
from the gcov directory in sysfs:
- all .gcda files
- all links to .gcno files
These files can be copied to any location on the build machine. gcov
must then be called with the -o option pointing to that directory.
from the gcov directory in sysfs: Example directory setup on the build machine::
- all .gcda files
- all links to .gcno files
These files can be copied to any location on the build machine. gcov /tmp/linux: kernel source tree
must then be called with the -o option pointing to that directory. /tmp/out: kernel build directory as specified by make O=
/tmp/coverage: location of the files copied from the test machine
Example directory setup on the build machine: [user@build] cd /tmp/out
[user@build] gcov -o /tmp/coverage/tmp/out/init main.c
/tmp/linux: kernel source tree
/tmp/out: kernel build directory as specified by make O=
/tmp/coverage: location of the files copied from the test machine
[user@build] cd /tmp/out Troubleshooting
[user@build] gcov -o /tmp/coverage/tmp/out/init main.c ---------------
Problem
Compilation aborts during linker step.
7. Troubleshooting Cause
================== Profiling flags are specified for source files which are not
linked to the main kernel or which are linked by a custom
linker procedure.
Problem: Compilation aborts during linker step. Solution
Cause: Profiling flags are specified for source files which are not Exclude affected source files from profiling by specifying
linked to the main kernel or which are linked by a custom ``GCOV_PROFILE := n`` or ``GCOV_PROFILE_basename.o := n`` in the
linker procedure. corresponding Makefile.
Solution: Exclude affected source files from profiling by specifying
GCOV_PROFILE := n or GCOV_PROFILE_basename.o := n in the
corresponding Makefile.
Problem: Files copied from sysfs appear empty or incomplete. Problem
Cause: Due to the way seq_file works, some tools such as cp or tar Files copied from sysfs appear empty or incomplete.
may not correctly copy files from sysfs.
Solution: Use 'cat' to read .gcda files and 'cp -d' to copy links. Cause
Alternatively use the mechanism shown in Appendix B. Due to the way seq_file works, some tools such as cp or tar
may not correctly copy files from sysfs.
Solution
Use ``cat``' to read ``.gcda`` files and ``cp -d`` to copy links.
Alternatively use the mechanism shown in Appendix B.
Appendix A: gather_on_build.sh Appendix A: gather_on_build.sh
============================== ------------------------------
Sample script to gather coverage meta files on the build machine Sample script to gather coverage meta files on the build machine
(see 6a): (see 6a)::
#!/bin/bash
#!/bin/bash
KSRC=$1 KSRC=$1
KOBJ=$2 KOBJ=$2
DEST=$3 DEST=$3
if [ -z "$KSRC" ] || [ -z "$KOBJ" ] || [ -z "$DEST" ]; then if [ -z "$KSRC" ] || [ -z "$KOBJ" ] || [ -z "$DEST" ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <ksrc directory> <kobj directory> <output.tar.gz>" >&2 echo "Usage: $0 <ksrc directory> <kobj directory> <output.tar.gz>" >&2
exit 1 exit 1
fi fi
KSRC=$(cd $KSRC; printf "all:\n\t@echo \${CURDIR}\n" | make -f -) KSRC=$(cd $KSRC; printf "all:\n\t@echo \${CURDIR}\n" | make -f -)
KOBJ=$(cd $KOBJ; printf "all:\n\t@echo \${CURDIR}\n" | make -f -) KOBJ=$(cd $KOBJ; printf "all:\n\t@echo \${CURDIR}\n" | make -f -)
find $KSRC $KOBJ \( -name '*.gcno' -o -name '*.[ch]' -o -type l \) -a \ find $KSRC $KOBJ \( -name '*.gcno' -o -name '*.[ch]' -o -type l \) -a \
-perm /u+r,g+r | tar cfz $DEST -P -T - -perm /u+r,g+r | tar cfz $DEST -P -T -
if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
echo "$DEST successfully created, copy to test system and unpack with:" echo "$DEST successfully created, copy to test system and unpack with:"
echo " tar xfz $DEST -P" echo " tar xfz $DEST -P"
else else
echo "Could not create file $DEST" echo "Could not create file $DEST"
fi fi
Appendix B: gather_on_test.sh Appendix B: gather_on_test.sh
============================= -----------------------------
Sample script to gather coverage data files on the test machine Sample script to gather coverage data files on the test machine
(see 6b): (see 6b)::
#!/bin/bash -e #!/bin/bash -e
DEST=$1 DEST=$1
GCDA=/sys/kernel/debug/gcov GCDA=/sys/kernel/debug/gcov
if [ -z "$DEST" ] ; then if [ -z "$DEST" ] ; then
echo "Usage: $0 <output.tar.gz>" >&2 echo "Usage: $0 <output.tar.gz>" >&2
exit 1 exit 1
fi fi
TEMPDIR=$(mktemp -d) TEMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
echo Collecting data.. echo Collecting data..
find $GCDA -type d -exec mkdir -p $TEMPDIR/\{\} \; find $GCDA -type d -exec mkdir -p $TEMPDIR/\{\} \;
find $GCDA -name '*.gcda' -exec sh -c 'cat < $0 > '$TEMPDIR'/$0' {} \; find $GCDA -name '*.gcda' -exec sh -c 'cat < $0 > '$TEMPDIR'/$0' {} \;
find $GCDA -name '*.gcno' -exec sh -c 'cp -d $0 '$TEMPDIR'/$0' {} \; find $GCDA -name '*.gcno' -exec sh -c 'cp -d $0 '$TEMPDIR'/$0' {} \;
tar czf $DEST -C $TEMPDIR sys tar czf $DEST -C $TEMPDIR sys
rm -rf $TEMPDIR rm -rf $TEMPDIR
echo "$DEST successfully created, copy to build system and unpack with:" echo "$DEST successfully created, copy to build system and unpack with:"
echo " tar xfz $DEST" echo " tar xfz $DEST"
Documentation/gdb-kernel-debugging.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
.. highlight:: none
Debugging kernel and modules via gdb Debugging kernel and modules via gdb
==================================== ====================================
...@@ -13,54 +15,58 @@ be transferred to the other gdb stubs as well. ...@@ -13,54 +15,58 @@ be transferred to the other gdb stubs as well.
Requirements Requirements
------------ ------------
o gdb 7.2+ (recommended: 7.4+) with python support enabled (typically true - gdb 7.2+ (recommended: 7.4+) with python support enabled (typically true
for distributions) for distributions)
Setup Setup
----- -----
o Create a virtual Linux machine for QEMU/KVM (see www.linux-kvm.org and - Create a virtual Linux machine for QEMU/KVM (see www.linux-kvm.org and
www.qemu.org for more details). For cross-development, www.qemu.org for more details). For cross-development,
http://landley.net/aboriginal/bin keeps a pool of machine images and http://landley.net/aboriginal/bin keeps a pool of machine images and
toolchains that can be helpful to start from. toolchains that can be helpful to start from.
o Build the kernel with CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS enabled, but leave - Build the kernel with CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS enabled, but leave
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED off. If your architecture supports CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED off. If your architecture supports
CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER, keep it enabled. CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER, keep it enabled.
o Install that kernel on the guest. - Install that kernel on the guest.
Alternatively, QEMU allows to boot the kernel directly using -kernel,
-append, -initrd command line switches. This is generally only useful if
you do not depend on modules. See QEMU documentation for more details on
this mode.
Alternatively, QEMU allows to boot the kernel directly using -kernel, - Enable the gdb stub of QEMU/KVM, either
-append, -initrd command line switches. This is generally only useful if
you do not depend on modules. See QEMU documentation for more details on
this mode.
o Enable the gdb stub of QEMU/KVM, either
- at VM startup time by appending "-s" to the QEMU command line - at VM startup time by appending "-s" to the QEMU command line
or
or
- during runtime by issuing "gdbserver" from the QEMU monitor - during runtime by issuing "gdbserver" from the QEMU monitor
console console
o cd /path/to/linux-build - cd /path/to/linux-build
o Start gdb: gdb vmlinux - Start gdb: gdb vmlinux
Note: Some distros may restrict auto-loading of gdb scripts to known safe Note: Some distros may restrict auto-loading of gdb scripts to known safe
directories. In case gdb reports to refuse loading vmlinux-gdb.py, add directories. In case gdb reports to refuse loading vmlinux-gdb.py, add::
add-auto-load-safe-path /path/to/linux-build add-auto-load-safe-path /path/to/linux-build
to ~/.gdbinit. See gdb help for more details. to ~/.gdbinit. See gdb help for more details.
- Attach to the booted guest::
o Attach to the booted guest:
(gdb) target remote :1234 (gdb) target remote :1234
Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
o Load module (and main kernel) symbols: - Load module (and main kernel) symbols::
(gdb) lx-symbols (gdb) lx-symbols
loading vmlinux loading vmlinux
scanning for modules in /home/user/linux/build scanning for modules in /home/user/linux/build
...@@ -72,17 +78,20 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers ...@@ -72,17 +78,20 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers
... ...
loading @0xffffffffa0000000: /home/user/linux/build/drivers/ata/ata_generic.ko loading @0xffffffffa0000000: /home/user/linux/build/drivers/ata/ata_generic.ko
o Set a breakpoint on some not yet loaded module function, e.g.: - Set a breakpoint on some not yet loaded module function, e.g.::
(gdb) b btrfs_init_sysfs (gdb) b btrfs_init_sysfs
Function "btrfs_init_sysfs" not defined. Function "btrfs_init_sysfs" not defined.
Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y
Breakpoint 1 (btrfs_init_sysfs) pending. Breakpoint 1 (btrfs_init_sysfs) pending.
o Continue the target - Continue the target::
(gdb) c (gdb) c
o Load the module on the target and watch the symbols being loaded as well as - Load the module on the target and watch the symbols being loaded as well as
the breakpoint hit: the breakpoint hit::
loading @0xffffffffa0034000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/libcrc32c.ko loading @0xffffffffa0034000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/libcrc32c.ko
loading @0xffffffffa0050000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/lzo/lzo_compress.ko loading @0xffffffffa0050000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/lzo/lzo_compress.ko
loading @0xffffffffa006e000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/zlib_deflate/zlib_deflate.ko loading @0xffffffffa006e000: /home/user/linux/build/lib/zlib_deflate/zlib_deflate.ko
...@@ -91,7 +100,8 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers ...@@ -91,7 +100,8 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers
Breakpoint 1, btrfs_init_sysfs () at /home/user/linux/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c:36 Breakpoint 1, btrfs_init_sysfs () at /home/user/linux/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c:36
36 btrfs_kset = kset_create_and_add("btrfs", NULL, fs_kobj); 36 btrfs_kset = kset_create_and_add("btrfs", NULL, fs_kobj);
o Dump the log buffer of the target kernel: - Dump the log buffer of the target kernel::
(gdb) lx-dmesg (gdb) lx-dmesg
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
...@@ -102,19 +112,22 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers ...@@ -102,19 +112,22 @@ Examples of using the Linux-provided gdb helpers
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
.... ....
o Examine fields of the current task struct: - Examine fields of the current task struct::
(gdb) p $lx_current().pid (gdb) p $lx_current().pid
$1 = 4998 $1 = 4998
(gdb) p $lx_current().comm (gdb) p $lx_current().comm
$2 = "modprobe\000\000\000\000\000\000\000" $2 = "modprobe\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"
o Make use of the per-cpu function for the current or a specified CPU: - Make use of the per-cpu function for the current or a specified CPU::
(gdb) p $lx_per_cpu("runqueues").nr_running (gdb) p $lx_per_cpu("runqueues").nr_running
$3 = 1 $3 = 1
(gdb) p $lx_per_cpu("runqueues", 2).nr_running (gdb) p $lx_per_cpu("runqueues", 2).nr_running
$4 = 0 $4 = 0
o Dig into hrtimers using the container_of helper: - Dig into hrtimers using the container_of helper::
(gdb) set $next = $lx_per_cpu("hrtimer_bases").clock_base[0].active.next (gdb) set $next = $lx_per_cpu("hrtimer_bases").clock_base[0].active.next
(gdb) p *$container_of($next, "struct hrtimer", "node") (gdb) p *$container_of($next, "struct hrtimer", "node")
$5 = { $5 = {
...@@ -144,7 +157,7 @@ List of commands and functions ...@@ -144,7 +157,7 @@ List of commands and functions
------------------------------ ------------------------------
The number of commands and convenience functions may evolve over the time, The number of commands and convenience functions may evolve over the time,
this is just a snapshot of the initial version: this is just a snapshot of the initial version::
(gdb) apropos lx (gdb) apropos lx
function lx_current -- Return current task function lx_current -- Return current task
......
Documentation/kasan.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/kasan.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
KernelAddressSanitizer (KASAN) The Kernel Address Sanitizer (KASAN)
============================== ====================================
0. Overview Overview
=========== --------
KernelAddressSANitizer (KASAN) is a dynamic memory error detector. It provides KernelAddressSANitizer (KASAN) is a dynamic memory error detector. It provides
a fast and comprehensive solution for finding use-after-free and out-of-bounds a fast and comprehensive solution for finding use-after-free and out-of-bounds
...@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ KASAN uses compile-time instrumentation for checking every memory access, ...@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ KASAN uses compile-time instrumentation for checking every memory access,
therefore you will need a GCC version 4.9.2 or later. GCC 5.0 or later is therefore you will need a GCC version 4.9.2 or later. GCC 5.0 or later is
required for detection of out-of-bounds accesses to stack or global variables. required for detection of out-of-bounds accesses to stack or global variables.
Currently KASAN is supported only for x86_64 architecture. Currently KASAN is supported only for the x86_64 and arm64 architectures.
1. Usage Usage
======== -----
To enable KASAN configure kernel with: To enable KASAN configure kernel with::
CONFIG_KASAN = y CONFIG_KASAN = y
...@@ -32,89 +32,91 @@ For better bug detection and nicer reporting, enable CONFIG_STACKTRACE. ...@@ -32,89 +32,91 @@ For better bug detection and nicer reporting, enable CONFIG_STACKTRACE.
To disable instrumentation for specific files or directories, add a line To disable instrumentation for specific files or directories, add a line
similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile: similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile:
For a single file (e.g. main.o): - For a single file (e.g. main.o)::
KASAN_SANITIZE_main.o := n
KASAN_SANITIZE_main.o := n
For all files in one directory:
KASAN_SANITIZE := n - For all files in one directory::
1.1 Error reports KASAN_SANITIZE := n
=================
Error reports
A typical out of bounds access report looks like this: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
================================================================== A typical out of bounds access report looks like this::
BUG: AddressSanitizer: out of bounds access in kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan] at addr ffff8800693bc5d3
Write of size 1 by task modprobe/1689 ==================================================================
============================================================================= BUG: AddressSanitizer: out of bounds access in kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan] at addr ffff8800693bc5d3
BUG kmalloc-128 (Not tainted): kasan error Write of size 1 by task modprobe/1689
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================================================================
BUG kmalloc-128 (Not tainted): kasan error
Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFO: Allocated in kmalloc_oob_right+0x3d/0x75 [test_kasan] age=0 cpu=0 pid=1689
__slab_alloc+0x4b4/0x4f0 Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x10b/0x190 INFO: Allocated in kmalloc_oob_right+0x3d/0x75 [test_kasan] age=0 cpu=0 pid=1689
kmalloc_oob_right+0x3d/0x75 [test_kasan] __slab_alloc+0x4b4/0x4f0
init_module+0x9/0x47 [test_kasan] kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x10b/0x190
do_one_initcall+0x99/0x200 kmalloc_oob_right+0x3d/0x75 [test_kasan]
load_module+0x2cb3/0x3b20 init_module+0x9/0x47 [test_kasan]
SyS_finit_module+0x76/0x80 do_one_initcall+0x99/0x200
system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17 load_module+0x2cb3/0x3b20
INFO: Slab 0xffffea0001a4ef00 objects=17 used=7 fp=0xffff8800693bd728 flags=0x100000000004080 SyS_finit_module+0x76/0x80
INFO: Object 0xffff8800693bc558 @offset=1368 fp=0xffff8800693bc720 system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17
INFO: Slab 0xffffea0001a4ef00 objects=17 used=7 fp=0xffff8800693bd728 flags=0x100000000004080
Bytes b4 ffff8800693bc548: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ........ZZZZZZZZ INFO: Object 0xffff8800693bc558 @offset=1368 fp=0xffff8800693bc720
Object ffff8800693bc558: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc568: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Bytes b4 ffff8800693bc548: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ........ZZZZZZZZ
Object ffff8800693bc578: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8800693bc558: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc588: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8800693bc568: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc598: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8800693bc578: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc5a8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8800693bc588: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc5b8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8800693bc598: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Object ffff8800693bc5c8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b a5 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkk. Object ffff8800693bc5a8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Redzone ffff8800693bc5d8: cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc ........ Object ffff8800693bc5b8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
Padding ffff8800693bc718: 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ZZZZZZZZ Object ffff8800693bc5c8: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b a5 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkk.
CPU: 0 PID: 1689 Comm: modprobe Tainted: G B 3.18.0-rc1-mm1+ #98 Redzone ffff8800693bc5d8: cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc ........
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.7.5-0-ge51488c-20140602_164612-nilsson.home.kraxel.org 04/01/2014 Padding ffff8800693bc718: 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ZZZZZZZZ
ffff8800693bc000 0000000000000000 ffff8800693bc558 ffff88006923bb78 CPU: 0 PID: 1689 Comm: modprobe Tainted: G B 3.18.0-rc1-mm1+ #98
ffffffff81cc68ae 00000000000000f3 ffff88006d407600 ffff88006923bba8 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.7.5-0-ge51488c-20140602_164612-nilsson.home.kraxel.org 04/01/2014
ffffffff811fd848 ffff88006d407600 ffffea0001a4ef00 ffff8800693bc558 ffff8800693bc000 0000000000000000 ffff8800693bc558 ffff88006923bb78
Call Trace: ffffffff81cc68ae 00000000000000f3 ffff88006d407600 ffff88006923bba8
[<ffffffff81cc68ae>] dump_stack+0x46/0x58 ffffffff811fd848 ffff88006d407600 ffffea0001a4ef00 ffff8800693bc558
[<ffffffff811fd848>] print_trailer+0xf8/0x160 Call Trace:
[<ffffffffa00026a7>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0xc3/0xc3 [test_kasan] [<ffffffff81cc68ae>] dump_stack+0x46/0x58
[<ffffffff811ff0f5>] object_err+0x35/0x40 [<ffffffff811fd848>] print_trailer+0xf8/0x160
[<ffffffffa0002065>] ? kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan] [<ffffffffa00026a7>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0xc3/0xc3 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffff8120b9fa>] kasan_report_error+0x38a/0x3f0 [<ffffffff811ff0f5>] object_err+0x35/0x40
[<ffffffff8120a79f>] ? kasan_poison_shadow+0x2f/0x40 [<ffffffffa0002065>] ? kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffff8120b344>] ? kasan_unpoison_shadow+0x14/0x40 [<ffffffff8120b9fa>] kasan_report_error+0x38a/0x3f0
[<ffffffff8120a79f>] ? kasan_poison_shadow+0x2f/0x40 [<ffffffff8120a79f>] ? kasan_poison_shadow+0x2f/0x40
[<ffffffffa00026a7>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0xc3/0xc3 [test_kasan] [<ffffffff8120b344>] ? kasan_unpoison_shadow+0x14/0x40
[<ffffffff8120a995>] __asan_store1+0x75/0xb0 [<ffffffff8120a79f>] ? kasan_poison_shadow+0x2f/0x40
[<ffffffffa0002601>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0x1d/0xc3 [test_kasan] [<ffffffffa00026a7>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0xc3/0xc3 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffffa0002065>] ? kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan] [<ffffffff8120a995>] __asan_store1+0x75/0xb0
[<ffffffffa0002065>] kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan] [<ffffffffa0002601>] ? kmem_cache_oob+0x1d/0xc3 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffffa00026b0>] init_module+0x9/0x47 [test_kasan] [<ffffffffa0002065>] ? kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffff810002d9>] do_one_initcall+0x99/0x200 [<ffffffffa0002065>] kmalloc_oob_right+0x65/0x75 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffff811e4e5c>] ? __vunmap+0xec/0x160 [<ffffffffa00026b0>] init_module+0x9/0x47 [test_kasan]
[<ffffffff81114f63>] load_module+0x2cb3/0x3b20 [<ffffffff810002d9>] do_one_initcall+0x99/0x200
[<ffffffff8110fd70>] ? m_show+0x240/0x240 [<ffffffff811e4e5c>] ? __vunmap+0xec/0x160
[<ffffffff81115f06>] SyS_finit_module+0x76/0x80 [<ffffffff81114f63>] load_module+0x2cb3/0x3b20
[<ffffffff81cd3129>] system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17 [<ffffffff8110fd70>] ? m_show+0x240/0x240
Memory state around the buggy address: [<ffffffff81115f06>] SyS_finit_module+0x76/0x80
ffff8800693bc300: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc [<ffffffff81cd3129>] system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17
ffff8800693bc380: fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc Memory state around the buggy address:
ffff8800693bc400: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff8800693bc300: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff8800693bc480: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff8800693bc380: fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc
ffff8800693bc500: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 ffff8800693bc400: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
>ffff8800693bc580: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 fc fc fc fc fc ffff8800693bc480: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff8800693bc500: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00
>ffff8800693bc580: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 fc fc fc fc fc
^ ^
ffff8800693bc600: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff8800693bc600: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff8800693bc680: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff8800693bc680: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff8800693bc700: fc fc fc fc fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8800693bc700: fc fc fc fc fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
ffff8800693bc780: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8800693bc780: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
ffff8800693bc800: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8800693bc800: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
================================================================== ==================================================================
The header of the report discribe what kind of bug happened and what kind of The header of the report discribe what kind of bug happened and what kind of
access caused it. It's followed by the description of the accessed slub object access caused it. It's followed by the description of the accessed slub object
...@@ -137,8 +139,8 @@ In the report above the arrows point to the shadow byte 03, which means that ...@@ -137,8 +139,8 @@ In the report above the arrows point to the shadow byte 03, which means that
the accessed address is partially accessible. the accessed address is partially accessible.
2. Implementation details Implementation details
========================= ----------------------
From a high level, our approach to memory error detection is similar to that From a high level, our approach to memory error detection is similar to that
of kmemcheck: use shadow memory to record whether each byte of memory is safe of kmemcheck: use shadow memory to record whether each byte of memory is safe
...@@ -150,15 +152,15 @@ AddressSanitizer dedicates 1/8 of kernel memory to its shadow memory ...@@ -150,15 +152,15 @@ AddressSanitizer dedicates 1/8 of kernel memory to its shadow memory
offset to translate a memory address to its corresponding shadow address. offset to translate a memory address to its corresponding shadow address.
Here is the function which translates an address to its corresponding shadow Here is the function which translates an address to its corresponding shadow
address: address::
static inline void *kasan_mem_to_shadow(const void *addr) static inline void *kasan_mem_to_shadow(const void *addr)
{ {
return ((unsigned long)addr >> KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT) return ((unsigned long)addr >> KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT)
+ KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET; + KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET;
} }
where KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT = 3. where ``KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT = 3``.
Compile-time instrumentation used for checking memory accesses. Compiler inserts Compile-time instrumentation used for checking memory accesses. Compiler inserts
function calls (__asan_load*(addr), __asan_store*(addr)) before each memory function calls (__asan_load*(addr), __asan_store*(addr)) before each memory
......
Documentation/kcov.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/kcov.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -12,38 +12,38 @@ To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard interrupts ...@@ -12,38 +12,38 @@ To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard interrupts
and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic parts of kernel is and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic parts of kernel is
disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking). disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking).
Usage: Usage
====== -----
Configure kernel with: Configure the kernel with::
CONFIG_KCOV=y CONFIG_KCOV=y
CONFIG_KCOV requires gcc built on revision 231296 or later. CONFIG_KCOV requires gcc built on revision 231296 or later.
Profiling data will only become accessible once debugfs has been mounted: Profiling data will only become accessible once debugfs has been mounted::
mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug
The following program demonstrates kcov usage from within a test program: The following program demonstrates kcov usage from within a test program::
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h> #include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h> #include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h> #include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h> #include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h> #include <fcntl.h>
#define KCOV_INIT_TRACE _IOR('c', 1, unsigned long) #define KCOV_INIT_TRACE _IOR('c', 1, unsigned long)
#define KCOV_ENABLE _IO('c', 100) #define KCOV_ENABLE _IO('c', 100)
#define KCOV_DISABLE _IO('c', 101) #define KCOV_DISABLE _IO('c', 101)
#define COVER_SIZE (64<<10) #define COVER_SIZE (64<<10)
int main(int argc, char **argv) int main(int argc, char **argv)
{ {
int fd; int fd;
unsigned long *cover, n, i; unsigned long *cover, n, i;
...@@ -83,24 +83,24 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) ...@@ -83,24 +83,24 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
if (close(fd)) if (close(fd))
perror("close"), exit(1); perror("close"), exit(1);
return 0; return 0;
} }
After piping through addr2line output of the program looks as follows: After piping through addr2line output of the program looks as follows::
SyS_read SyS_read
fs/read_write.c:562 fs/read_write.c:562
__fdget_pos __fdget_pos
fs/file.c:774 fs/file.c:774
__fget_light __fget_light
fs/file.c:746 fs/file.c:746
__fget_light __fget_light
fs/file.c:750 fs/file.c:750
__fget_light __fget_light
fs/file.c:760 fs/file.c:760
__fdget_pos __fdget_pos
fs/file.c:784 fs/file.c:784
SyS_read SyS_read
fs/read_write.c:562 fs/read_write.c:562
If a program needs to collect coverage from several threads (independently), If a program needs to collect coverage from several threads (independently),
it needs to open /sys/kernel/debug/kcov in each thread separately. it needs to open /sys/kernel/debug/kcov in each thread separately.
......
Documentation/kmemleak.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/kmemleak.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
Kernel Memory Leak Detector Kernel Memory Leak Detector
=========================== ===========================
Introduction
------------
Kmemleak provides a way of detecting possible kernel memory leaks in a Kmemleak provides a way of detecting possible kernel memory leaks in a
way similar to a tracing garbage collector way similar to a tracing garbage collector
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_collection_%28computer_science%29#Tracing_garbage_collectors), (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_collection_%28computer_science%29#Tracing_garbage_collectors),
with the difference that the orphan objects are not freed but only with the difference that the orphan objects are not freed but only
reported via /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak. A similar method is used by the reported via /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak. A similar method is used by the
Valgrind tool (memcheck --leak-check) to detect the memory leaks in Valgrind tool (``memcheck --leak-check``) to detect the memory leaks in
user-space applications. user-space applications.
Kmemleak is supported on x86, arm, powerpc, sparc, sh, microblaze, ppc, mips, s390, metag and tile. Kmemleak is supported on x86, arm, powerpc, sparc, sh, microblaze, ppc, mips, s390, metag and tile.
...@@ -19,20 +16,20 @@ Usage ...@@ -19,20 +16,20 @@ Usage
CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK in "Kernel hacking" has to be enabled. A kernel CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK in "Kernel hacking" has to be enabled. A kernel
thread scans the memory every 10 minutes (by default) and prints the thread scans the memory every 10 minutes (by default) and prints the
number of new unreferenced objects found. To display the details of all number of new unreferenced objects found. To display the details of all
the possible memory leaks: the possible memory leaks::
# mount -t debugfs nodev /sys/kernel/debug/ # mount -t debugfs nodev /sys/kernel/debug/
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
To trigger an intermediate memory scan: To trigger an intermediate memory scan::
# echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
To clear the list of all current possible memory leaks: To clear the list of all current possible memory leaks::
# echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
New leaks will then come up upon reading /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak New leaks will then come up upon reading ``/sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak``
again. again.
Note that the orphan objects are listed in the order they were allocated Note that the orphan objects are listed in the order they were allocated
...@@ -40,22 +37,31 @@ and one object at the beginning of the list may cause other subsequent ...@@ -40,22 +37,31 @@ and one object at the beginning of the list may cause other subsequent
objects to be reported as orphan. objects to be reported as orphan.
Memory scanning parameters can be modified at run-time by writing to the Memory scanning parameters can be modified at run-time by writing to the
/sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak file. The following parameters are supported: ``/sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak`` file. The following parameters are supported:
off - disable kmemleak (irreversible) - off
stack=on - enable the task stacks scanning (default) disable kmemleak (irreversible)
stack=off - disable the tasks stacks scanning - stack=on
scan=on - start the automatic memory scanning thread (default) enable the task stacks scanning (default)
scan=off - stop the automatic memory scanning thread - stack=off
scan=<secs> - set the automatic memory scanning period in seconds disable the tasks stacks scanning
(default 600, 0 to stop the automatic scanning) - scan=on
scan - trigger a memory scan start the automatic memory scanning thread (default)
clear - clear list of current memory leak suspects, done by - scan=off
marking all current reported unreferenced objects grey, stop the automatic memory scanning thread
or free all kmemleak objects if kmemleak has been disabled. - scan=<secs>
dump=<addr> - dump information about the object found at <addr> set the automatic memory scanning period in seconds
(default 600, 0 to stop the automatic scanning)
Kmemleak can also be disabled at boot-time by passing "kmemleak=off" on - scan
trigger a memory scan
- clear
clear list of current memory leak suspects, done by
marking all current reported unreferenced objects grey,
or free all kmemleak objects if kmemleak has been disabled.
- dump=<addr>
dump information about the object found at <addr>
Kmemleak can also be disabled at boot-time by passing ``kmemleak=off`` on
the kernel command line. the kernel command line.
Memory may be allocated or freed before kmemleak is initialised and Memory may be allocated or freed before kmemleak is initialised and
...@@ -63,13 +69,14 @@ these actions are stored in an early log buffer. The size of this buffer ...@@ -63,13 +69,14 @@ these actions are stored in an early log buffer. The size of this buffer
is configured via the CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_EARLY_LOG_SIZE option. is configured via the CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_EARLY_LOG_SIZE option.
If CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF are enabled, the kmemleak is If CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF are enabled, the kmemleak is
disabled by default. Passing "kmemleak=on" on the kernel command disabled by default. Passing ``kmemleak=on`` on the kernel command
line enables the function. line enables the function.
Basic Algorithm Basic Algorithm
--------------- ---------------
The memory allocations via kmalloc, vmalloc, kmem_cache_alloc and The memory allocations via :c:func:`kmalloc`, :c:func:`vmalloc`,
:c:func:`kmem_cache_alloc` and
friends are traced and the pointers, together with additional friends are traced and the pointers, together with additional
information like size and stack trace, are stored in a rbtree. information like size and stack trace, are stored in a rbtree.
The corresponding freeing function calls are tracked and the pointers The corresponding freeing function calls are tracked and the pointers
...@@ -113,13 +120,13 @@ when doing development. To work around these situations you can use the ...@@ -113,13 +120,13 @@ when doing development. To work around these situations you can use the
you can find new unreferenced objects; this should help with testing you can find new unreferenced objects; this should help with testing
specific sections of code. specific sections of code.
To test a critical section on demand with a clean kmemleak do: To test a critical section on demand with a clean kmemleak do::
# echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
... test your kernel or modules ... ... test your kernel or modules ...
# echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
Then as usual to get your report with: Then as usual to get your report with::
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
...@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ disabled by the user or due to an fatal error, internal kmemleak objects ...@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ disabled by the user or due to an fatal error, internal kmemleak objects
won't be freed when kmemleak is disabled, and those objects may occupy won't be freed when kmemleak is disabled, and those objects may occupy
a large part of physical memory. a large part of physical memory.
In this situation, you may reclaim memory with: In this situation, you may reclaim memory with::
# echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak # echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
...@@ -140,20 +147,20 @@ Kmemleak API ...@@ -140,20 +147,20 @@ Kmemleak API
See the include/linux/kmemleak.h header for the functions prototype. See the include/linux/kmemleak.h header for the functions prototype.
kmemleak_init - initialize kmemleak - ``kmemleak_init`` - initialize kmemleak
kmemleak_alloc - notify of a memory block allocation - ``kmemleak_alloc`` - notify of a memory block allocation
kmemleak_alloc_percpu - notify of a percpu memory block allocation - ``kmemleak_alloc_percpu`` - notify of a percpu memory block allocation
kmemleak_free - notify of a memory block freeing - ``kmemleak_free`` - notify of a memory block freeing
kmemleak_free_part - notify of a partial memory block freeing - ``kmemleak_free_part`` - notify of a partial memory block freeing
kmemleak_free_percpu - notify of a percpu memory block freeing - ``kmemleak_free_percpu`` - notify of a percpu memory block freeing
kmemleak_update_trace - update object allocation stack trace - ``kmemleak_update_trace`` - update object allocation stack trace
kmemleak_not_leak - mark an object as not a leak - ``kmemleak_not_leak`` - mark an object as not a leak
kmemleak_ignore - do not scan or report an object as leak - ``kmemleak_ignore`` - do not scan or report an object as leak
kmemleak_scan_area - add scan areas inside a memory block - ``kmemleak_scan_area`` - add scan areas inside a memory block
kmemleak_no_scan - do not scan a memory block - ``kmemleak_no_scan`` - do not scan a memory block
kmemleak_erase - erase an old value in a pointer variable - ``kmemleak_erase`` - erase an old value in a pointer variable
kmemleak_alloc_recursive - as kmemleak_alloc but checks the recursiveness - ``kmemleak_alloc_recursive`` - as kmemleak_alloc but checks the recursiveness
kmemleak_free_recursive - as kmemleak_free but checks the recursiveness - ``kmemleak_free_recursive`` - as kmemleak_free but checks the recursiveness
Dealing with false positives/negatives Dealing with false positives/negatives
-------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
......
Documentation/sparse.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/sparse.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
Copyright 2004 Linus Torvalds .. Copyright 2004 Linus Torvalds
Copyright 2004 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> .. Copyright 2004 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Copyright 2006 Bob Copeland <me@bobcopeland.com> .. Copyright 2006 Bob Copeland <me@bobcopeland.com>
Sparse
======
Sparse is a semantic checker for C programs; it can be used to find a
number of potential problems with kernel code. See
https://lwn.net/Articles/689907/ for an overview of sparse; this document
contains some kernel-specific sparse information.
Using sparse for typechecking Using sparse for typechecking
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -----------------------------
"__bitwise" is a type attribute, so you have to do something like this: "__bitwise" is a type attribute, so you have to do something like this::
typedef int __bitwise pm_request_t; typedef int __bitwise pm_request_t;
...@@ -20,13 +29,13 @@ but in this case we really _do_ want to force the conversion). And because ...@@ -20,13 +29,13 @@ but in this case we really _do_ want to force the conversion). And because
the enum values are all the same type, now "enum pm_request" will be that the enum values are all the same type, now "enum pm_request" will be that
type too. type too.
And with gcc, all the __bitwise/__force stuff goes away, and it all ends And with gcc, all the "__bitwise"/"__force stuff" goes away, and it all
up looking just like integers to gcc. ends up looking just like integers to gcc.
Quite frankly, you don't need the enum there. The above all really just Quite frankly, you don't need the enum there. The above all really just
boils down to one special "int __bitwise" type. boils down to one special "int __bitwise" type.
So the simpler way is to just do So the simpler way is to just do::
typedef int __bitwise pm_request_t; typedef int __bitwise pm_request_t;
...@@ -50,7 +59,7 @@ __bitwise - noisy stuff; in particular, __le*/__be* are that. We really ...@@ -50,7 +59,7 @@ __bitwise - noisy stuff; in particular, __le*/__be* are that. We really
don't want to drown in noise unless we'd explicitly asked for it. don't want to drown in noise unless we'd explicitly asked for it.
Using sparse for lock checking Using sparse for lock checking
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ------------------------------
The following macros are undefined for gcc and defined during a sparse The following macros are undefined for gcc and defined during a sparse
run to use the "context" tracking feature of sparse, applied to run to use the "context" tracking feature of sparse, applied to
...@@ -69,22 +78,22 @@ annotation is needed. The tree annotations above are for cases where ...@@ -69,22 +78,22 @@ annotation is needed. The tree annotations above are for cases where
sparse would otherwise report a context imbalance. sparse would otherwise report a context imbalance.
Getting sparse Getting sparse
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --------------
You can get latest released versions from the Sparse homepage at You can get latest released versions from the Sparse homepage at
https://sparse.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page https://sparse.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page
Alternatively, you can get snapshots of the latest development version Alternatively, you can get snapshots of the latest development version
of sparse using git to clone.. of sparse using git to clone::
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/devel/sparse/sparse.git git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/devel/sparse/sparse.git
DaveJ has hourly generated tarballs of the git tree available at.. DaveJ has hourly generated tarballs of the git tree available at::
http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/sparse/ http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/sparse/
Once you have it, just do Once you have it, just do::
make make
make install make install
...@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ Once you have it, just do ...@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ Once you have it, just do
as a regular user, and it will install sparse in your ~/bin directory. as a regular user, and it will install sparse in your ~/bin directory.
Using sparse Using sparse
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ------------
Do a kernel make with "make C=1" to run sparse on all the C files that get Do a kernel make with "make C=1" to run sparse on all the C files that get
recompiled, or use "make C=2" to run sparse on the files whether they need to recompiled, or use "make C=2" to run sparse on the files whether they need to
...@@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ have already built it. ...@@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ have already built it.
The optional make variable CF can be used to pass arguments to sparse. The The optional make variable CF can be used to pass arguments to sparse. The
build system passes -Wbitwise to sparse automatically. To perform endianness build system passes -Wbitwise to sparse automatically. To perform endianness
checks, you may define __CHECK_ENDIAN__: checks, you may define __CHECK_ENDIAN__::
make C=2 CF="-D__CHECK_ENDIAN__" make C=2 CF="-D__CHECK_ENDIAN__"
......
Documentation/dev-tools/tools.rst 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
================================
Development tools for the kernel
================================
This document is a collection of documents about development tools that can
be used to work on the kernel. For now, the documents have been pulled
together without any significant effot to integrate them into a coherent
whole; patches welcome!
.. class:: toc-title
Table of contents
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
coccinelle
sparse
kcov
gcov
kasan
ubsan
kmemleak
kmemcheck
gdb-kernel-debugging
Documentation/ubsan.txt → Documentation/dev-tools/ubsan.rst
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
Undefined Behavior Sanitizer - UBSAN The Undefined Behavior Sanitizer - UBSAN
========================================
Overview
--------
UBSAN is a runtime undefined behaviour checker. UBSAN is a runtime undefined behaviour checker.
...@@ -10,11 +8,13 @@ Compiler inserts code that perform certain kinds of checks before operations ...@@ -10,11 +8,13 @@ Compiler inserts code that perform certain kinds of checks before operations
that may cause UB. If check fails (i.e. UB detected) __ubsan_handle_* that may cause UB. If check fails (i.e. UB detected) __ubsan_handle_*
function called to print error message. function called to print error message.
GCC has that feature since 4.9.x [1] (see -fsanitize=undefined option and GCC has that feature since 4.9.x [1_] (see ``-fsanitize=undefined`` option and
its suboptions). GCC 5.x has more checkers implemented [2]. its suboptions). GCC 5.x has more checkers implemented [2_].
Report example Report example
--------------- --------------
::
================================================================================ ================================================================================
UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in ../include/linux/bitops.h:110:33 UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in ../include/linux/bitops.h:110:33
...@@ -47,29 +47,33 @@ Report example ...@@ -47,29 +47,33 @@ Report example
Usage Usage
----- -----
To enable UBSAN configure kernel with: To enable UBSAN configure kernel with::
CONFIG_UBSAN=y CONFIG_UBSAN=y
and to check the entire kernel: and to check the entire kernel::
CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y
To enable instrumentation for specific files or directories, add a line To enable instrumentation for specific files or directories, add a line
similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile: similar to the following to the respective kernel Makefile:
For a single file (e.g. main.o): - For a single file (e.g. main.o)::
UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := y
UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := y
For all files in one directory: - For all files in one directory::
UBSAN_SANITIZE := y
UBSAN_SANITIZE := y
To exclude files from being instrumented even if To exclude files from being instrumented even if
CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y, use: ``CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y``, use::
UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := n
and::
UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := n UBSAN_SANITIZE := n
and:
UBSAN_SANITIZE := n
Detection of unaligned accesses controlled through the separate option - Detection of unaligned accesses controlled through the separate option -
CONFIG_UBSAN_ALIGNMENT. It's off by default on architectures that support CONFIG_UBSAN_ALIGNMENT. It's off by default on architectures that support
...@@ -80,5 +84,5 @@ reports. ...@@ -80,5 +84,5 @@ reports.
References References
---------- ----------
[1] - https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.9.0/gcc/Debugging-Options.html .. _1: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.9.0/gcc/Debugging-Options.html
[2] - https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Debugging-Options.html .. _2: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Debugging-Options.html
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/atmel-isc.txt 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
Atmel Image Sensor Controller (ISC)
----------------------------------------------
Required properties for ISC:
- compatible
Must be "atmel,sama5d2-isc".
- reg
Physical base address and length of the registers set for the device.
- interrupts
Should contain IRQ line for the ISC.
- clocks
List of clock specifiers, corresponding to entries in
the clock-names property;
Please refer to clock-bindings.txt.
- clock-names
Required elements: "hclock", "iscck", "gck".
- #clock-cells
Should be 0.
- clock-output-names
Should be "isc-mck".
- pinctrl-names, pinctrl-0
Please refer to pinctrl-bindings.txt.
ISC supports a single port node with parallel bus. It should contain one
'port' child node with child 'endpoint' node. Please refer to the bindings
defined in Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt.
Example:
isc: isc@f0008000 {
compatible = "atmel,sama5d2-isc";
reg = <0xf0008000 0x4000>;
interrupts = <46 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH 5>;
clocks = <&isc_clk>, <&iscck>, <&isc_gclk>;
clock-names = "hclock", "iscck", "gck";
#clock-cells = <0>;
clock-output-names = "isc-mck";
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_isc_base &pinctrl_isc_data_8bit &pinctrl_isc_data_9_10 &pinctrl_isc_data_11_12>;
port {
isc_0: endpoint {
remote-endpoint = <&ov7740_0>;
hsync-active = <1>;
vsync-active = <0>;
pclk-sample = <1>;
};
};
};
i2c1: i2c@fc028000 {
ov7740: camera@21 {
compatible = "ovti,ov7740";
reg = <0x21>;
clocks = <&isc>;
clock-names = "xvclk";
assigned-clocks = <&isc>;
assigned-clock-rates = <24000000>;
port {
ov7740_0: endpoint {
remote-endpoint = <&isc_0>;
};
};
};
};
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/exynos4-fimc-is.txt
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
...@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@ Required properties: ...@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@ Required properties:
- clocks : list of clock specifiers, corresponding to entries in - clocks : list of clock specifiers, corresponding to entries in
clock-names property; clock-names property;
- clock-names : must contain "ppmuispx", "ppmuispx", "lite0", "lite1" - clock-names : must contain "ppmuispx", "ppmuispx", "lite0", "lite1"
"mpll", "sysreg", "isp", "drc", "fd", "mcuisp", "uart", "mpll", "sysreg", "isp", "drc", "fd", "mcuisp", "gicisp",
"ispdiv0", "ispdiv1", "mcuispdiv0", "mcuispdiv1", "aclk200", "pwm_isp", "mcuctl_isp", "uart", "ispdiv0", "ispdiv1",
"div_aclk200", "aclk400mcuisp", "div_aclk400mcuisp" entries, "mcuispdiv0", "mcuispdiv1", "aclk200", "div_aclk200",
"aclk400mcuisp", "div_aclk400mcuisp" entries,
matching entries in the clocks property. matching entries in the clocks property.
pmu subnode pmu subnode
----------- -----------
......
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/i2c/ad5820.txt 0 → 100644
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* Analog Devices AD5820 autofocus coil
Required Properties:
- compatible: Must contain "adi,ad5820"
- reg: I2C slave address
- VANA-supply: supply of voltage for VANA pin
Example:
ad5820: coil@c {
compatible = "adi,ad5820";
reg = <0x0c>;
VANA-supply = <&vaux4>;
};
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/i2c/adv7180.txt
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...@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ Required Properties : ...@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ Required Properties :
"adi,adv7282" "adi,adv7282"
"adi,adv7282-m" "adi,adv7282-m"
Optional Properties :
- powerdown-gpios: reference to the GPIO connected to the powerdown pin,
if any.
Example: Example:
i2c0@1c22000 { i2c0@1c22000 {
......
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/renesas,fcp.txt
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...@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ conversion of AXI transactions in order to reduce the memory bandwidth. ...@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ conversion of AXI transactions in order to reduce the memory bandwidth.
There are three types of FCP: FCP for Codec (FCPC), FCP for VSP (FCPV) and FCP There are three types of FCP: FCP for Codec (FCPC), FCP for VSP (FCPV) and FCP
for FDP (FCPF). Their configuration and behaviour depend on the module they for FDP (FCPF). Their configuration and behaviour depend on the module they
are paired with. These DT bindings currently support the FCPV only. are paired with. These DT bindings currently support the FCPV and FCPF.
- compatible: Must be one or more of the following - compatible: Must be one or more of the following
- "renesas,r8a7795-fcpv" for R8A7795 (R-Car H3) compatible 'FCP for VSP' - "renesas,r8a7795-fcpv" for R8A7795 (R-Car H3) compatible 'FCP for VSP'
- "renesas,r8a7795-fcpf" for R8A7795 (R-Car H3) compatible 'FCP for FDP'
- "renesas,fcpv" for generic compatible 'FCP for VSP' - "renesas,fcpv" for generic compatible 'FCP for VSP'
- "renesas,fcpf" for generic compatible 'FCP for FDP'
When compatible with the generic version, nodes must list the When compatible with the generic version, nodes must list the
SoC-specific version corresponding to the platform first, followed by the SoC-specific version corresponding to the platform first, followed by the
...@@ -21,6 +23,10 @@ are paired with. These DT bindings currently support the FCPV only. ...@@ -21,6 +23,10 @@ are paired with. These DT bindings currently support the FCPV only.
- reg: the register base and size for the device registers - reg: the register base and size for the device registers
- clocks: Reference to the functional clock - clocks: Reference to the functional clock
Optional properties:
- power-domains : power-domain property defined with a power domain specifier
to respective power domain.
Device node example Device node example
------------------- -------------------
...@@ -29,4 +35,5 @@ Device node example ...@@ -29,4 +35,5 @@ Device node example
compatible = "renesas,r8a7795-fcpv", "renesas,fcpv"; compatible = "renesas,r8a7795-fcpv", "renesas,fcpv";
reg = <0 0xfea2f000 0 0x200>; reg = <0 0xfea2f000 0 0x200>;
clocks = <&cpg CPG_MOD 602>; clocks = <&cpg CPG_MOD 602>;
power-domains = <&sysc R8A7795_PD_A3VP>;
}; };
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st-hva: multi-format video encoder for STMicroelectronics SoC.
Required properties:
- compatible: should be "st,st-hva".
- reg: HVA physical address location and length, esram address location and
length.
- reg-names: names of the registers listed in registers property in the same
order.
- interrupts: HVA interrupt number.
- clocks: from common clock binding: handle hardware IP needed clocks, the
number of clocks may depend on the SoC type.
See ../clock/clock-bindings.txt for details.
- clock-names: names of the clocks listed in clocks property in the same order.
Example:
hva@8c85000{
compatible = "st,st-hva";
reg = <0x8c85000 0x400>, <0x6000000 0x40000>;
reg-names = "hva_registers", "hva_esram";
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 58 IRQ_TYPE_NONE>,
<GIC_SPI 59 IRQ_TYPE_NONE>;
clock-names = "clk_hva";
clocks = <&clk_s_c0_flexgen CLK_HVA>;
};
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STMicroelectronics STIH4xx HDMI CEC driver
Required properties:
- compatible : value should be "st,stih-cec"
- reg : Physical base address of the IP registers and length of memory
mapped region.
- clocks : from common clock binding: handle to HDMI CEC clock
- interrupts : HDMI CEC interrupt number to the CPU.
- pinctrl-names: Contains only one value - "default"
- pinctrl-0: Specifies the pin control groups used for CEC hardware.
- resets: Reference to a reset controller
Example for STIH407:
sti-cec@094a087c {
compatible = "st,stih-cec";
reg = <0x94a087c 0x64>;
clocks = <&clk_sysin>;
clock-names = "cec-clk";
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 140 IRQ_TYPE_NONE>;
interrupt-names = "cec-irq";
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_cec0_default>;
resets = <&softreset STIH407_LPM_SOFTRESET>;
};
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# -*- coding: utf-8 mode: conf-colon -*-
#
# docutils configuration file
# http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/config.html
[general]
halt_level: severe
\ No newline at end of file
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Driver Basics
=============
Driver Entry and Exit points
----------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/init.h
:internal:
Atomic and pointer manipulation
-------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
:internal:
Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines
----------------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/sched.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/core.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/cpupri.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/fair.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/completion.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/time/timer.c
:export:
Wait queues and Wake events
---------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/wait.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/wait.c
:export:
High-resolution timers
----------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/ktime.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/hrtimer.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/time/hrtimer.c
:export:
Workqueues and Kevents
----------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/workqueue.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/workqueue.c
:export:
Internal Functions
------------------
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/exit.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/signal.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kthread.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/kthread.c
:export:
Kernel objects manipulation
---------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: lib/kobject.c
:export:
Kernel utility functions
------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kernel.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/printk/printk.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/panic.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sys.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/srcu.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/tree.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/update.c
:export:
Device Resource Management
--------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/devres.c
:export:
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Frame Buffer Library
====================
The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures. These
structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h. They are fb_info,
fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs. The last
three can be made available to and from userland.
fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card. Inside
fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a collection of
needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work. fb_info is only visible
to the kernel.
fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
that are user defined. With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as depth
and the resolution may be defined.
The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the properties
of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't be changed
otherwise. A good example of this is the start of the frame buffer
memory. This "locks" the address of the frame buffer memory, so that it
cannot be changed or moved.
The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was little
importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things such as
setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With the new API,
fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used correctly, can prevent a
monitor from being cooked. fb_monospecs will not be useful until
kernels 2.5.x.
Frame Buffer Memory
-------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c
:export:
Frame Buffer Colormap
---------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcmap.c
:export:
Frame Buffer Video Mode Database
--------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
:export:
Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database
------------------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/macmodes.c
:export:
Frame Buffer Fonts
------------------
Refer to the file lib/fonts/fonts.c for more information.
Documentation/hsi.txt → Documentation/driver-api/hsi.rst
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HSI - High-speed Synchronous Serial Interface High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI)
=============================================
1. Introduction Introduction
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ---------------
High Speed Syncronous Interface (HSI) is a fullduplex, low latency protocol, High Speed Syncronous Interface (HSI) is a fullduplex, low latency protocol,
that is optimized for die-level interconnect between an Application Processor that is optimized for die-level interconnect between an Application Processor
...@@ -17,25 +18,27 @@ signal can be used to wakeup the chips from standby modes. The signals are ...@@ -17,25 +18,27 @@ signal can be used to wakeup the chips from standby modes. The signals are
commonly prefixed by AC for signals going from the application die to the commonly prefixed by AC for signals going from the application die to the
cellular die and CA for signals going the other way around. cellular die and CA for signals going the other way around.
+------------+ +---------------+ ::
| Cellular | | Application |
| Die | | Die | +------------+ +---------------+
| | - - - - - - CAWAKE - - - - - - >| | | Cellular | | Application |
| T|------------ CADATA ------------>|R | | Die | | Die |
| X|------------ CAFLAG ------------>|X | | | - - - - - - CAWAKE - - - - - - >| |
| |<----------- ACREADY ------------| | | T|------------ CADATA ------------>|R |
| | | | | X|------------ CAFLAG ------------>|X |
| | | | | |<----------- ACREADY ------------| |
| |< - - - - - ACWAKE - - - - - - -| | | | | |
| R|<----------- ACDATA -------------|T | | | | |
| X|<----------- ACFLAG -------------|X | | |< - - - - - ACWAKE - - - - - - -| |
| |------------ CAREADY ----------->| | | R|<----------- ACDATA -------------|T |
| | | | | X|<----------- ACFLAG -------------|X |
| | | | | |------------ CAREADY ----------->| |
+------------+ +---------------+ | | | |
| | | |
2. HSI Subsystem in Linux +------------+ +---------------+
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
HSI Subsystem in Linux
-------------------------
In the Linux kernel the hsi subsystem is supposed to be used for HSI devices. In the Linux kernel the hsi subsystem is supposed to be used for HSI devices.
The hsi subsystem contains drivers for hsi controllers including support for The hsi subsystem contains drivers for hsi controllers including support for
...@@ -45,31 +48,41 @@ It also contains HSI client drivers, which make use of the generic API to ...@@ -45,31 +48,41 @@ It also contains HSI client drivers, which make use of the generic API to
implement a protocol used on the HSI interface. These client drivers can implement a protocol used on the HSI interface. These client drivers can
use an arbitrary number of channels. use an arbitrary number of channels.
3. hsi-char Device hsi-char Device
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ------------------
Each port automatically registers a generic client driver called hsi_char, Each port automatically registers a generic client driver called hsi_char,
which provides a charecter device for userspace representing the HSI port. which provides a charecter device for userspace representing the HSI port.
It can be used to communicate via HSI from userspace. Userspace may It can be used to communicate via HSI from userspace. Userspace may
configure the hsi_char device using the following ioctl commands: configure the hsi_char device using the following ioctl commands:
* HSC_RESET: HSC_RESET
- flush the HSI port flush the HSI port
* HSC_SET_PM HSC_SET_PM
- enable or disable the client. enable or disable the client.
* HSC_SEND_BREAK HSC_SEND_BREAK
- send break send break
* HSC_SET_RX HSC_SET_RX
- set RX configuration set RX configuration
* HSC_GET_RX HSC_GET_RX
- get RX configuration get RX configuration
* HSC_SET_TX HSC_SET_TX
- set TX configuration set TX configuration
HSC_GET_TX
get TX configuration
The kernel HSI API
------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/hsi/hsi.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/hsi/hsi_core.c
:export:
* HSC_GET_TX
- get TX configuration
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I\ :sup:`2`\ C and SMBus Subsystem
==================================
I\ :sup:`2`\ C (or without fancy typography, "I2C") is an acronym for
the "Inter-IC" bus, a simple bus protocol which is widely used where low
data rate communications suffice. Since it's also a licensed trademark,
some vendors use another name (such as "Two-Wire Interface", TWI) for
the same bus. I2C only needs two signals (SCL for clock, SDA for data),
conserving board real estate and minimizing signal quality issues. Most
I2C devices use seven bit addresses, and bus speeds of up to 400 kHz;
there's a high speed extension (3.4 MHz) that's not yet found wide use.
I2C is a multi-master bus; open drain signaling is used to arbitrate
between masters, as well as to handshake and to synchronize clocks from
slower clients.
The Linux I2C programming interfaces support only the master side of bus
interactions, not the slave side. The programming interface is
structured around two kinds of driver, and two kinds of device. An I2C
"Adapter Driver" abstracts the controller hardware; it binds to a
physical device (perhaps a PCI device or platform_device) and exposes a
:c:type:`struct i2c_adapter <i2c_adapter>` representing each
I2C bus segment it manages. On each I2C bus segment will be I2C devices
represented by a :c:type:`struct i2c_client <i2c_client>`.
Those devices will be bound to a :c:type:`struct i2c_driver
<i2c_driver>`, which should follow the standard Linux driver
model. (At this writing, a legacy model is more widely used.) There are
functions to perform various I2C protocol operations; at this writing
all such functions are usable only from task context.
The System Management Bus (SMBus) is a sibling protocol. Most SMBus
systems are also I2C conformant. The electrical constraints are tighter
for SMBus, and it standardizes particular protocol messages and idioms.
Controllers that support I2C can also support most SMBus operations, but
SMBus controllers don't support all the protocol options that an I2C
controller will. There are functions to perform various SMBus protocol
operations, either using I2C primitives or by issuing SMBus commands to
i2c_adapter devices which don't support those I2C operations.
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/i2c.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/i2c/i2c-boardinfo.c
:functions: i2c_register_board_info
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
:export:
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========================================
The Linux driver implementer's API guide
========================================
The kernel offers a wide variety of interfaces to support the development
of device drivers. This document is an only somewhat organized collection
of some of those interfaces — it will hopefully get better over time! The
available subsections can be seen below.
.. class:: toc-title
Table of contents
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
basics
infrastructure
message-based
sound
frame-buffer
input
spi
i2c
hsi
miscellaneous
Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst 0 → 100644
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Device drivers infrastructure
=============================
The Basic Device Driver-Model Structures
----------------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/device.h
:internal:
Device Drivers Base
-------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/init.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/driver.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/core.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/syscore.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/class.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/node.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/firmware_class.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/transport_class.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dd.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/platform_device.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/platform.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/bus.c
:export:
Buffer Sharing and Synchronization
----------------------------------
The dma-buf subsystem provides the framework for sharing buffers for
hardware (DMA) access across multiple device drivers and subsystems, and
for synchronizing asynchronous hardware access.
This is used, for example, by drm "prime" multi-GPU support, but is of
course not limited to GPU use cases.
The three main components of this are: (1) dma-buf, representing a
sg_table and exposed to userspace as a file descriptor to allow passing
between devices, (2) fence, which provides a mechanism to signal when
one device as finished access, and (3) reservation, which manages the
shared or exclusive fence(s) associated with the buffer.
dma-buf
~~~~~~~
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/dma-buf.h
:internal:
reservation
~~~~~~~~~~~
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
:doc: Reservation Object Overview
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/reservation.h
:internal:
fence
~~~~~
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/fence.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/fence.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/seqno-fence.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/seqno-fence.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/fence-array.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/fence-array.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/reservation.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/sync_file.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/sync_file.h
:internal:
Device Drivers DMA Management
-----------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dma-coherent.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dma-mapping.c
:export:
Device Drivers Power Management
-------------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/power/main.c
:export:
Device Drivers ACPI Support
---------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/acpi/scan.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/acpi/scan.c
:internal:
Device drivers PnP support
--------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/core.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/card.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/driver.c
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/manager.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/support.c
:export:
Userspace IO devices
--------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/uio/uio.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/uio_driver.h
:internal:
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Input Subsystem
===============
Input core
----------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/ff-core.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/ff-memless.c
:export:
Multitouch Library
------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/mt.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input-mt.c
:export:
Polled input devices
--------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input-polldev.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input-polldev.c
:export:
Matrix keyboards/keypads
------------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/matrix_keypad.h
:internal:
Sparse keymap support
---------------------
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/sparse-keymap.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/sparse-keymap.c
:export:
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Message-based devices
=====================
Fusion message devices
----------------------
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
:export:
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Parallel Port Devices
=====================
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/parport.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/ieee1284.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/share.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/daisy.c
:internal:
16x50 UART Driver
=================
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c
:export:
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)
============================
Pulse-width modulation is a modulation technique primarily used to
control power supplied to electrical devices.
The PWM framework provides an abstraction for providers and consumers of
PWM signals. A controller that provides one or more PWM signals is
registered as :c:type:`struct pwm_chip <pwm_chip>`. Providers
are expected to embed this structure in a driver-specific structure.
This structure contains fields that describe a particular chip.
A chip exposes one or more PWM signal sources, each of which exposed as
a :c:type:`struct pwm_device <pwm_device>`. Operations can be
performed on PWM devices to control the period, duty cycle, polarity and
active state of the signal.
Note that PWM devices are exclusive resources: they can always only be
used by one consumer at a time.
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/pwm.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pwm/core.c
:export:
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Sound Devices
=============
.. kernel-doc:: include/sound/core.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/sound_core.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: include/sound/pcm.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/device.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/info.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/rawmidi.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/sound.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/memory.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_memory.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/init.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/isadma.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/control.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_lib.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/hwdep.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_native.c
:export:
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/memalloc.c
:export:
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Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
=================================
SPI is the "Serial Peripheral Interface", widely used with embedded
systems because it is a simple and efficient interface: basically a
multiplexed shift register. Its three signal wires hold a clock (SCK,
often in the range of 1-20 MHz), a "Master Out, Slave In" (MOSI) data
line, and a "Master In, Slave Out" (MISO) data line. SPI is a full
duplex protocol; for each bit shifted out the MOSI line (one per clock)
another is shifted in on the MISO line. Those bits are assembled into
words of various sizes on the way to and from system memory. An
additional chipselect line is usually active-low (nCS); four signals are
normally used for each peripheral, plus sometimes an interrupt.
The SPI bus facilities listed here provide a generalized interface to
declare SPI busses and devices, manage them according to the standard
Linux driver model, and perform input/output operations. At this time,
only "master" side interfaces are supported, where Linux talks to SPI
peripherals and does not implement such a peripheral itself. (Interfaces
to support implementing SPI slaves would necessarily look different.)
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver, and
two kinds of device. A "Controller Driver" abstracts the controller
hardware, which may be as simple as a set of GPIO pins or as complex as
a pair of FIFOs connected to dual DMA engines on the other side of the
SPI shift register (maximizing throughput). Such drivers bridge between
whatever bus they sit on (often the platform bus) and SPI, and expose
the SPI side of their device as a :c:type:`struct spi_master
<spi_master>`. SPI devices are children of that master,
represented as a :c:type:`struct spi_device <spi_device>` and
manufactured from :c:type:`struct spi_board_info
<spi_board_info>` descriptors which are usually provided by
board-specific initialization code. A :c:type:`struct spi_driver
<spi_driver>` is called a "Protocol Driver", and is bound to a
spi_device using normal driver model calls.
The I/O model is a set of queued messages. Protocol drivers submit one
or more :c:type:`struct spi_message <spi_message>` objects,
which are processed and completed asynchronously. (There are synchronous
wrappers, however.) Messages are built from one or more
:c:type:`struct spi_transfer <spi_transfer>` objects, each of
which wraps a full duplex SPI transfer. A variety of protocol tweaking
options are needed, because different chips adopt very different
policies for how they use the bits transferred with SPI.
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/spi/spi.h
:internal:
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/spi/spi.c
:functions: spi_register_board_info
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/spi/spi.c
:export:
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Please see Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt for more information Please see Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt for more information
on how sysfs works. on how sysfs works.
As explained in Documentation/kobject.txt, device attributes must be be As explained in Documentation/kobject.txt, device attributes must be
created before the KOBJ_ADD uevent is generated. The only way to realize created before the KOBJ_ADD uevent is generated. The only way to realize
that is by defining an attribute group. that is by defining an attribute group.
......
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symbol the task is blocked in - or "0" if not blocked. symbol the task is blocked in - or "0" if not blocked.
pagemap Page table pagemap Page table
stack Report full stack trace, enable via CONFIG_STACKTRACE stack Report full stack trace, enable via CONFIG_STACKTRACE
smaps a extension based on maps, showing the memory consumption of smaps an extension based on maps, showing the memory consumption of
each mapping and flags associated with it each mapping and flags associated with it
numa_maps an extension based on maps, showing the memory locality and numa_maps an extension based on maps, showing the memory locality and
binding policy as well as mem usage (in pages) of each mapping. binding policy as well as mem usage (in pages) of each mapping.
......
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# -*- coding: utf-8; mode: python -*-
project = "Linux GPU Driver Developer's Guide"
tags.add("subproject")
Documentation/gpu/index.rst
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drm-uapi drm-uapi
i915 i915
vga-switcheroo vga-switcheroo
.. only:: subproject
Indices
=======
* :ref:`genindex`
Documentation/index.rst
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Welcome to The Linux Kernel's documentation! Welcome to The Linux Kernel's documentation!
============================================ ============================================
Nothing for you to see here *yet*. Please move along.
Contents: Contents:
.. toctree:: .. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2 :maxdepth: 2
kernel-documentation kernel-documentation
media/media_uapi dev-tools/tools
media/media_kapi driver-api/index
media/dvb-drivers/index media/index
media/v4l-drivers/index
gpu/index gpu/index
Indices and tables Indices and tables
================== ==================
* :ref:`genindex` * :ref:`genindex`
* :ref:`search`
Documentation/ioctl/botching-up-ioctls.txt
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64-bit platforms do. So we always need padding to the natural size to get 64-bit platforms do. So we always need padding to the natural size to get
this right. this right.
* Pad the entire struct to a multiple of 64-bits - the structure size will * Pad the entire struct to a multiple of 64-bits if the structure contains
otherwise differ on 32-bit versus 64-bit. Having a different structure size 64-bit types - the structure size will otherwise differ on 32-bit versus
hurts when passing arrays of structures to the kernel, or if the kernel 64-bit. Having a different structure size hurts when passing arrays of
checks the structure size, which e.g. the drm core does. structures to the kernel, or if the kernel checks the structure size, which
e.g. the drm core does.
* Pointers are __u64, cast from/to a uintprt_t on the userspace side and * Pointers are __u64, cast from/to a uintprt_t on the userspace side and
from/to a void __user * in the kernel. Try really hard not to delay this from/to a void __user * in the kernel. Try really hard not to delay this
conversion or worse, fiddle the raw __u64 through your code since that conversion or worse, fiddle the raw __u64 through your code since that
diminishes the checking tools like sparse can provide. diminishes the checking tools like sparse can provide. The macro
u64_to_user_ptr can be used in the kernel to avoid warnings about integers
and pointres of different sizes.
Basics Basics
......
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This is similar to the simple config entry above, but it also gives a This is similar to the simple config entry above, but it also gives a
hint to front ends, that all suboptions should be displayed as a hint to front ends, that all suboptions should be displayed as a
separate list of options. separate list of options. To make sure all the suboptions will really
show up under the menuconfig entry and not outside of it, every item
from the <config options> list must depend on the menuconfig symbol.
In practice, this is achieved by using one of the next two constructs:
(1):
menuconfig M
if M
config C1
config C2
endif
(2):
menuconfig M
config C1
depends on M
config C2
depends on M
In the following examples (3) and (4), C1 and C2 still have the M
dependency, but will not appear under menuconfig M anymore, because
of C0, which doesn't depend on M:
(3):
menuconfig M
config C0
if M
config C1
config C2
endif
(4):
menuconfig M
config C0
config C1
depends on M
config C2
depends on M
choices: choices:
......
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the order as encountered."), having the higher levels the same overall makes the order as encountered."), having the higher levels the same overall makes
it easier to follow the documents. it easier to follow the documents.
the C domain
------------
The `Sphinx C Domain`_ (name c) is suited for documentation of C API. E.g. a
function prototype:
.. code-block:: rst
.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, int request )
The C domain of the kernel-doc has some additional features. E.g. you can
*rename* the reference name of a function with a common name like ``open`` or
``ioctl``:
.. code-block:: rst
.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, int request )
:name: VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS
The func-name (e.g. ioctl) remains in the output but the ref-name changed from
``ioctl`` to ``VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS``. The index entry for this function is also
changed to ``VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS`` and the function can now referenced by:
.. code-block:: rst
:c:func:`VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS`
list tables list tables
----------- -----------
......
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intel_idle.max_cstate= [KNL,HW,ACPI,X86] intel_idle.max_cstate= [KNL,HW,ACPI,X86]
0 disables intel_idle and fall back on acpi_idle. 0 disables intel_idle and fall back on acpi_idle.
1 to 6 specify maximum depth of C-state. 1 to 9 specify maximum depth of C-state.
intel_pstate= [X86] intel_pstate= [X86]
disable disable
...@@ -2161,10 +2161,13 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted. ...@@ -2161,10 +2161,13 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
than or equal to this physical address is ignored. than or equal to this physical address is ignored.
maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
should make use of. maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits the will bring up during bootup. maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits
kernel to using 'n' processors. n=0 is a special case, the kernel to bring up 'n' processors. Surely after
it is equivalent to "nosmp", which also disables bootup you can bring up the other plugged cpu by executing
the IO APIC. "echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online". So maxcpus
only takes effect during system bootup.
While n=0 is a special case, it is equivalent to "nosmp",
which also disables the IO APIC.
max_loop= [LOOP] The number of loop block devices that get max_loop= [LOOP] The number of loop block devices that get
(loop.max_loop) unconditionally pre-created at init time. The default (loop.max_loop) unconditionally pre-created at init time. The default
...@@ -2571,8 +2574,6 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted. ...@@ -2571,8 +2574,6 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
nodelayacct [KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting nodelayacct [KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting
nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
nodsp [SH] Disable hardware DSP at boot time. nodsp [SH] Disable hardware DSP at boot time.
noefi Disable EFI runtime services support. noefi Disable EFI runtime services support.
...@@ -2773,9 +2774,12 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted. ...@@ -2773,9 +2774,12 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
nr_cpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel nr_cpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
could support. nr_cpus=n : n >= 1 limits the kernel to could support. nr_cpus=n : n >= 1 limits the kernel to
supporting 'n' processors. Later in runtime you can not support 'n' processors. It could be larger than the
use hotplug cpu feature to put more cpu back to online. number of already plugged CPU during bootup, later in
just like you compile the kernel NR_CPUS=n runtime you can physically add extra cpu until it reaches
n. So during boot up some boot time memory for per-cpu
variables need be pre-allocated for later physical cpu
hot plugging.
nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered. nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered.
......
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or in registers. The jprobe will work in either case, so long as the or in registers. The jprobe will work in either case, so long as the
handler's prototype matches that of the probed function. handler's prototype matches that of the probed function.
Note that in some architectures (e.g.: arm64 and sparc64) the stack
copy is not done, as the actual location of stacked parameters may be
outside of a reasonable MAX_STACK_SIZE value and because that location
cannot be determined by the jprobes code. In this case the jprobes
user must be careful to make certain the calling signature of the
function does not cause parameters to be passed on the stack (e.g.:
more than eight function arguments, an argument of more than sixteen
bytes, or more than 64 bytes of argument data, depending on
architecture).
1.3 Return Probes 1.3 Return Probes
1.3.1 How Does a Return Probe Work? 1.3.1 How Does a Return Probe Work?
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TARGETS := $(addprefix $(BUILDDIR)/, $(FILES)) TARGETS := $(addprefix $(BUILDDIR)/, $(FILES))
htmldocs: $(BUILDDIR) ${TARGETS} .PHONY: all
all: $(BUILDDIR) ${TARGETS}
$(BUILDDIR): $(BUILDDIR):
$(Q)mkdir -p $@ $(Q)mkdir -p $@
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此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/mixer_video.c 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/regs-hdmi.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/regs-mixer.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/regs-sdo.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/regs-vp.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/sdo_drv.c 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/s5p-tv/sii9234_drv.c 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sh_vou.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/soc_camera/rcar_vin.c 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/Makefile 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-h264.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-hw.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-hw.h 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-mem.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-mem.h 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva-v4l2.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/sti/hva/hva.h 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/ti-vpe/cal.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/ti-vpe/vpe.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/vim2m.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/platform/vsp1/vsp1.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/igorplugusb.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/imon.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/ir-nec-decoder.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/ir-rc6-decoder.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/nuvoton-cir.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/rc-ir-raw.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/rc-main.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/redrat3.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/rc/streamzap.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/spi/Kconfig 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/spi/Makefile 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/spi/gs1662.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/mt2063.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/mt20xx.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/mxl5007t.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/tda18271-fe.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/tda827x.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/tea5761.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/tea5767.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/tuners/tuner-simple.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/airspy/airspy.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/cpia2/cpia2_usb.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/Kconfig
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/Makefile
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/af9005.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/cxusb.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/cxusb.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dibusb-mc-common.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dibusb.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/digitv.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/digitv.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dtt200u.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dtv5100.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dw2102.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/gp8psk.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/benq.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/finepix.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/gspca.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/jl2005bcd.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/konica.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/sonixj.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/gspca/vicam.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/hackrf/hackrf.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/hdpvr/hdpvr-i2c.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/msi2500/msi2500.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/pwc/pwc-if.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/s2255/s2255drv.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/uvc/uvc_queue.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/usb/zr364xx/zr364xx.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-dev.c
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/Kconfig
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/Makefile
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/cec/Kconfig
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/st-cec/Kconfig 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/st-cec/Makefile 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/st-cec/stih-cec.c 0 → 100644
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/tw686x-kh/Kconfig 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/tw686x-kh/Makefile 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/tw686x-kh/TODO 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/staging/media/tw686x-kh/tw686x-kh.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
drivers/usb/gadget/Kconfig
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/drv-intf/sh_mobile_csi2.h 已删除 100644 → 0
浏览文件 @ c8d2bc9b
此差异已折叠。
include/media/i2c/smiapp.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/media-device.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/media-devnode.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/media-entity.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/rc-core.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/rc-map.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/rcar-fcp.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/soc_camera.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-ctrls.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-dev.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-device.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-dv-timings.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-event.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-ioctl.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-mc.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-mem2mem.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/v4l2-subdev.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/videobuf2-core.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/videobuf2-v4l2.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/media/vsp1.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/uapi/linux/dvb/video.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/uapi/linux/media.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
scripts/kernel-doc
浏览文件 @ d27625c9
此差异已折叠。
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