regmap: Add the rbtree cache support

This patch adds support for the rbtree cache compression type.

Each rbnode manages a variable length block of registers.  There can be no
two nodes with overlapping blocks.  Each block has a base register and a
currently top register, all the other registers, if any, lie in between these
two and in ascending order.

The reasoning behind the construction of this rbtree is simple.  In the
snd_soc_rbtree_cache_init() function, we iterate over the register defaults
provided by the regcache core.  For each register value that is non-zero we
insert it in the rbtree.  In order to determine in which rbnode we need
to add the register, we first look if there is another register already
added that is adjacent to the one we are about to add.  If that is the case
we append it in that rbnode block, otherwise we create a new rbnode
with a single register in its block and add it to the tree.

There are various optimizations across the implementation to speed up lookups
by caching the most recently used rbnode.
Signed-off-by: NDimitris Papastamos <dp@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Tested-by: NLars-Peter Clausen <lars@metafoo.de>
Signed-off-by: NMark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>

drivers/base/regmap/Makefile

-obj-$(CONFIG_REGMAP) += regmap.o regcache.o regcache-indexed.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_REGMAP) += regmap.o regcache.o regcache-indexed.o regcache-rbtree.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) += regmap-debugfs.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_REGMAP_I2C) += regmap-i2c.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_REGMAP_SPI) += regmap-spi.o

drivers/base/regmap/internal.h

@@ -119,4 +119,5 @@ int regcache_insert_reg(struct regmap *map, unsigned int reg,
 			unsigned int val);
 
 extern struct regcache_ops regcache_indexed_ops;
+extern struct regcache_ops regcache_rbtree_ops;
 #endif

drivers/base/regmap/regcache-rbtree.c

+/*
+ * Register cache access API - rbtree caching support
+ *
+ * Copyright 2011 Wolfson Microelectronics plc
+ *
+ * Author: Dimitris Papastamos <dp@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+
+#include "internal.h"
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_write(struct regmap *map, unsigned int reg,
+				 unsigned int value);
+
+struct regcache_rbtree_node {
+	/* the actual rbtree node holding this block */
+	struct rb_node node;
+	/* base register handled by this block */
+	unsigned int base_reg;
+	/* number of bytes needed to represent the register index */
+	unsigned int word_size;
+	/* block of adjacent registers */
+	void *block;
+	/* number of registers available in the block */
+	unsigned int blklen;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct regcache_rbtree_ctx {
+	struct rb_root root;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *cached_rbnode;
+};
+
+static inline void regcache_rbtree_get_base_top_reg(
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode,
+	unsigned int *base, unsigned int *top)
+{
+	*base = rbnode->base_reg;
+	*top = rbnode->base_reg + rbnode->blklen - 1;
+}
+
+static unsigned int regcache_rbtree_get_register(
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode, unsigned int idx)
+{
+	unsigned int val;
+
+	switch (rbnode->word_size) {
+	case 1: {
+		u8 *p = rbnode->block;
+		val = p[idx];
+		return val;
+	}
+	case 2: {
+		u16 *p = rbnode->block;
+		val = p[idx];
+		return val;
+	}
+	default:
+		BUG();
+		break;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void regcache_rbtree_set_register(struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode,
+					 unsigned int idx, unsigned int val)
+{
+	switch (rbnode->word_size) {
+	case 1: {
+		u8 *p = rbnode->block;
+		p[idx] = val;
+		break;
+	}
+	case 2: {
+		u16 *p = rbnode->block;
+		p[idx] = val;
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		BUG();
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static struct regcache_rbtree_node *regcache_rbtree_lookup(
+	struct rb_root *root, unsigned int reg)
+{
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode;
+	unsigned int base_reg, top_reg;
+
+	node = root->rb_node;
+	while (node) {
+		rbnode = container_of(node, struct regcache_rbtree_node, node);
+		regcache_rbtree_get_base_top_reg(rbnode, &base_reg, &top_reg);
+		if (reg >= base_reg && reg <= top_reg)
+			return rbnode;
+		else if (reg > top_reg)
+			node = node->rb_right;
+		else if (reg < base_reg)
+			node = node->rb_left;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_insert(struct rb_root *root,
+				  struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode)
+{
+	struct rb_node **new, *parent;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode_tmp;
+	unsigned int base_reg_tmp, top_reg_tmp;
+	unsigned int base_reg;
+
+	parent = NULL;
+	new = &root->rb_node;
+	while (*new) {
+		rbnode_tmp = container_of(*new, struct regcache_rbtree_node,
+					  node);
+		/* base and top registers of the current rbnode */
+		regcache_rbtree_get_base_top_reg(rbnode_tmp, &base_reg_tmp,
+						 &top_reg_tmp);
+		/* base register of the rbnode to be added */
+		base_reg = rbnode->base_reg;
+		parent = *new;
+		/* if this register has already been inserted, just return */
+		if (base_reg >= base_reg_tmp &&
+		    base_reg <= top_reg_tmp)
+			return 0;
+		else if (base_reg > top_reg_tmp)
+			new = &((*new)->rb_right);
+		else if (base_reg < base_reg_tmp)
+			new = &((*new)->rb_left);
+	}
+
+	/* insert the node into the rbtree */
+	rb_link_node(&rbnode->node, parent, new);
+	rb_insert_color(&rbnode->node, root);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_init(struct regmap *map)
+{
+	struct regcache_rbtree_ctx *rbtree_ctx;
+	int i;
+	int ret;
+
+	map->cache = kmalloc(sizeof *rbtree_ctx, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!map->cache)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	rbtree_ctx = map->cache;
+	rbtree_ctx->root = RB_ROOT;
+	rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < map->num_reg_defaults; i++) {
+		ret = regcache_rbtree_write(map,
+					    map->reg_defaults[i].reg,
+					    map->reg_defaults[i].def);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+err:
+	regcache_exit(map);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_exit(struct regmap *map)
+{
+	struct rb_node *next;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_ctx *rbtree_ctx;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbtree_node;
+
+	/* if we've already been called then just return */
+	rbtree_ctx = map->cache;
+	if (!rbtree_ctx)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* free up the rbtree */
+	next = rb_first(&rbtree_ctx->root);
+	while (next) {
+		rbtree_node = rb_entry(next, struct regcache_rbtree_node, node);
+		next = rb_next(&rbtree_node->node);
+		rb_erase(&rbtree_node->node, &rbtree_ctx->root);
+		kfree(rbtree_node->block);
+		kfree(rbtree_node);
+	}
+
+	/* release the resources */
+	kfree(map->cache);
+	map->cache = NULL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_read(struct regmap *map,
+				unsigned int reg, unsigned int *value)
+{
+	struct regcache_rbtree_ctx *rbtree_ctx;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode;
+	unsigned int base_reg, top_reg;
+	unsigned int reg_tmp;
+
+	rbtree_ctx = map->cache;
+	/* look up the required register in the cached rbnode */
+	rbnode = rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode;
+	if (rbnode) {
+		regcache_rbtree_get_base_top_reg(rbnode, &base_reg, &top_reg);
+		if (reg >= base_reg && reg <= top_reg) {
+			reg_tmp = reg - base_reg;
+			*value = regcache_rbtree_get_register(rbnode, reg_tmp);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	/* if we can't locate it in the cached rbnode we'll have
+	 * to traverse the rbtree looking for it.
+	 */
+	rbnode = regcache_rbtree_lookup(&rbtree_ctx->root, reg);
+	if (rbnode) {
+		reg_tmp = reg - rbnode->base_reg;
+		*value = regcache_rbtree_get_register(rbnode, reg_tmp);
+		rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode = rbnode;
+	} else {
+		/* uninitialized registers default to 0 */
+		*value = 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_insert_to_block(struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode,
+					   unsigned int pos, unsigned int reg,
+					   unsigned int value)
+{
+	u8 *blk;
+
+	blk = krealloc(rbnode->block,
+		       (rbnode->blklen + 1) * rbnode->word_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!blk)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* insert the register value in the correct place in the rbnode block */
+	memmove(blk + (pos + 1) * rbnode->word_size,
+		blk + pos * rbnode->word_size,
+		(rbnode->blklen - pos) * rbnode->word_size);
+
+	/* update the rbnode block, its size and the base register */
+	rbnode->block = blk;
+	rbnode->blklen++;
+	if (!pos)
+		rbnode->base_reg = reg;
+
+	regcache_rbtree_set_register(rbnode, pos, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_write(struct regmap *map, unsigned int reg,
+				 unsigned int value)
+{
+	struct regcache_rbtree_ctx *rbtree_ctx;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode, *rbnode_tmp;
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	unsigned int val;
+	unsigned int reg_tmp;
+	unsigned int base_reg, top_reg;
+	unsigned int pos;
+	int i;
+	int ret;
+
+	rbtree_ctx = map->cache;
+	/* look up the required register in the cached rbnode */
+	rbnode = rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode;
+	if (rbnode) {
+		regcache_rbtree_get_base_top_reg(rbnode, &base_reg, &top_reg);
+		if (reg >= base_reg && reg <= top_reg) {
+			reg_tmp = reg - base_reg;
+			val = regcache_rbtree_get_register(rbnode, reg_tmp);
+			if (val == value)
+				return 0;
+			regcache_rbtree_set_register(rbnode, reg_tmp, value);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	/* if we can't locate it in the cached rbnode we'll have
+	 * to traverse the rbtree looking for it.
+	 */
+	rbnode = regcache_rbtree_lookup(&rbtree_ctx->root, reg);
+	if (rbnode) {
+		reg_tmp = reg - rbnode->base_reg;
+		val = regcache_rbtree_get_register(rbnode, reg_tmp);
+		if (val == value)
+			return 0;
+		regcache_rbtree_set_register(rbnode, reg_tmp, value);
+		rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode = rbnode;
+	} else {
+		/* bail out early, no need to create the rbnode yet */
+		if (!value)
+			return 0;
+		/* look for an adjacent register to the one we are about to add */
+		for (node = rb_first(&rbtree_ctx->root); node;
+		     node = rb_next(node)) {
+			rbnode_tmp = rb_entry(node, struct regcache_rbtree_node, node);
+			for (i = 0; i < rbnode_tmp->blklen; i++) {
+				reg_tmp = rbnode_tmp->base_reg + i;
+				if (abs(reg_tmp - reg) != 1)
+					continue;
+				/* decide where in the block to place our register */
+				if (reg_tmp + 1 == reg)
+					pos = i + 1;
+				else
+					pos = i;
+				ret = regcache_rbtree_insert_to_block(rbnode_tmp, pos,
+								      reg, value);
+				if (ret)
+					return ret;
+				rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode = rbnode_tmp;
+				return 0;
+			}
+		}
+		/* we did not manage to find a place to insert it in an existing
+		 * block so create a new rbnode with a single register in its block.
+		 * This block will get populated further if any other adjacent
+		 * registers get modified in the future.
+		 */
+		rbnode = kzalloc(sizeof *rbnode, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!rbnode)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		rbnode->blklen = 1;
+		rbnode->base_reg = reg;
+		rbnode->word_size = map->cache_word_size;
+		rbnode->block = kmalloc(rbnode->blklen * rbnode->word_size,
+					GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!rbnode->block) {
+			kfree(rbnode);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		regcache_rbtree_set_register(rbnode, 0, value);
+		regcache_rbtree_insert(&rbtree_ctx->root, rbnode);
+		rbtree_ctx->cached_rbnode = rbnode;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int regcache_rbtree_sync(struct regmap *map)
+{
+	struct regcache_rbtree_ctx *rbtree_ctx;
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	struct regcache_rbtree_node *rbnode;
+	unsigned int regtmp;
+	unsigned int val, def;
+	int ret;
+	int i;
+
+	rbtree_ctx = map->cache;
+	for (node = rb_first(&rbtree_ctx->root); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
+		rbnode = rb_entry(node, struct regcache_rbtree_node, node);
+		for (i = 0; i < rbnode->blklen; i++) {
+			regtmp = rbnode->base_reg + i;
+			val = regcache_rbtree_get_register(rbnode, i);
+			ret = regcache_lookup_reg(map, i);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				def = 0;
+			else
+				def = map->reg_defaults[ret].def;
+			if (val == def)
+				continue;
+			map->cache_bypass = 1;
+			ret = regmap_write(map, regtmp, val);
+			map->cache_bypass = 0;
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+			dev_dbg(map->dev, "Synced register %#x, value %#x\n",
+				regtmp, val);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct regcache_ops regcache_rbtree_ops = {
+	.type = REGCACHE_RBTREE,
+	.name = "rbtree",
+	.init = regcache_rbtree_init,
+	.exit = regcache_rbtree_exit,
+	.read = regcache_rbtree_read,
+	.write = regcache_rbtree_write,
+	.sync = regcache_rbtree_sync
+};

drivers/base/regmap/regcache.c

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 static const struct regcache_ops *cache_types[] = {
 	&regcache_indexed_ops,
+	&regcache_rbtree_ops,
 };
 
 static int regcache_hw_init(struct regmap *map)

include/linux/regmap.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ struct spi_device;
 enum regcache_type {
 	REGCACHE_NONE,
 	REGCACHE_INDEXED,
+	REGCACHE_RBTREE,
 };
 
 /**