Addressed remaining test items

All known outstanding tests are added. Also addressed all known
outstanding work items.

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/CSharpResources.Designer.cs

@@ -12986,6 +12986,15 @@ internal class CSharpResources {
             }
         }
         
+        /// <summary>
+        ///   Looks up a localized string similar to &apos;default&apos; is converted to &apos;null&apos;, not &apos;default({0})&apos;.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended {
+            get {
+                return ResourceManager.GetString("WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended", resourceCulture);
+            }
+        }
+        
         /// <summary>
         ///   Looks up a localized string similar to The default value specified for parameter &apos;{0}&apos; will have no effect because it applies to a member that is used in contexts that do not allow optional arguments.
         /// </summary>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/CSharpResources.resx

@@ -5360,4 +5360,7 @@ To remove the warning, you can use /reference instead (set the Embed Interop Typ
   <data name="CannotCreateConstructedFromNongeneric" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>Cannot create constructed generic type from non-generic type.</value>
   </data>
-</root>
+  <data name="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</value>
+  </data>
+</root>
\ No newline at end of file

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/Errors/ErrorCode.cs

@@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ internal enum ErrorCode
         #region more stragglers for C# 7
         ERR_VarInvocationLvalueReserved = 8199,
         //ERR_ExpressionVariableInConstructorOrFieldInitializer = 8200,
-        //ERR_ExpressionVariableInQueryClause = 8201, 
+        //ERR_ExpressionVariableInQueryClause = 8201,
         ERR_PublicSignNetModule = 8202,
         ERR_BadAssemblyName = 8203,
         ERR_BadAsyncMethodBuilderTaskProperty = 8204,
@@ -1582,6 +1582,7 @@ internal enum ErrorCode
         #region diagnostics introduced for C# 8.0
         ERR_FeatureNotAvailableInVersion8 = 8400,
         ERR_AltInterpolatedVerbatimStringsNotAvailable = 8401,
+        WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended = 8402,
         #endregion diagnostics introduced for C# 8.0
     }
     // Note: you will need to re-generate compiler code after adding warnings (build\scripts\generate-compiler-code.cmd)

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/Generated/ErrorFacts.Generated.cs

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ public static bool IsWarning(ErrorCode code)
                 case ErrorCode.WRN_AttributesOnBackingFieldsNotAvailable:
                 case ErrorCode.WRN_TupleBinopLiteralNameMismatch:
                 case ErrorCode.WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter:
+                case ErrorCode.WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended:
                     return true;
                 default:
                     return false;

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/Lowering/LocalRewriter/LocalRewriter_NullCoalescingOperator.cs

@@ -47,20 +47,23 @@ public override BoundNode VisitNullCoalescingOperator(BoundNullCoalescingOperato
             var isUnconstrainedTypeParameter = rewrittenLeft.Type != null && !rewrittenLeft.Type.IsReferenceType && !rewrittenLeft.Type.IsValueType;
 
             // first we can make a small optimization:
-            // If left is a constant then we already know whether it is null or not. If it is null then we 
+            // If left is a constant then we already know whether it is null or not. If it is null then we
             // can simply generate "right". If it is not null then we can simply generate
             // MakeConversion(left). This does not hold when the left is an unconstrained type parameter: at runtime,
             // it can be either left or right depending on the runtime type of T
-            if (rewrittenLeft.IsDefaultValue() && !isUnconstrainedTypeParameter)
+            if (!isUnconstrainedTypeParameter)
             {
-                return rewrittenRight;
-            }
+                if (rewrittenLeft.IsDefaultValue())
+                {
+                    return rewrittenRight;
+                }
 
-            if (rewrittenLeft.ConstantValue != null && !isUnconstrainedTypeParameter)
-            {
-                Debug.Assert(!rewrittenLeft.ConstantValue.IsNull);
+                if (rewrittenLeft.ConstantValue != null)
+                {
+                    Debug.Assert(!rewrittenLeft.ConstantValue.IsNull);
 
-                return GetConvertedLeftForNullCoalescingOperator(rewrittenLeft, leftConversion, rewrittenResultType);
+                    return GetConvertedLeftForNullCoalescingOperator(rewrittenLeft, leftConversion, rewrittenResultType);
+                }
             }
 
             // string concatenation is never null.
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ public override BoundNode VisitNullCoalescingOperator(BoundNullCoalescingOperato
                 return BoundCall.Synthesized(rewrittenLeft.Syntax, rewrittenLeft, getValueOrDefault);
             }
 
-            // We lower left ?? right to 
+            // We lower left ?? right to
             //
             // var temp = left;
             // (temp != null) ? MakeConversion(temp) : right

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/Parser/LanguageParser.cs

@@ -8714,6 +8714,7 @@ internal static bool IsRightAssociative(SyntaxKind op)
                 case SyntaxKind.OrAssignmentExpression:
                 case SyntaxKind.LeftShiftAssignmentExpression:
                 case SyntaxKind.RightShiftAssignmentExpression:
+                case SyntaxKind.CoalesceAssignmentExpression:
                 case SyntaxKind.CoalesceExpression:
                     return true;
                 default:

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.cs.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.de.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.es.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.fr.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.it.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.ja.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.ko.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.pl.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.pt-BR.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.ru.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.tr.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.zh-Hans.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Portable/xlf/CSharpResources.zh-Hant.xlf

@@ -422,6 +422,11 @@
         <target state="new">SyntaxTree is not part of the compilation, so it cannot be removed</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="WRN_DefaultLiteralConvertedToNullIsNotIntended">
+        <source>'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</source>
+        <target state="new">'default' is converted to 'null', not 'default({0})'</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="WRN_TypeParameterSameAsOuterMethodTypeParameter">
         <source>Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</source>
         <target state="new">Type parameter '{0}' has the same name as the type parameter from outer method '{1}'</target>

src/Compilers/CSharp/Test/Emit/CodeGen/CodeGenOperators.cs

@@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ public static void M456()
     static C GetC() { Console.Write(""GetC""); return c; }
     byte f;
 
-    public static void Main() 
-    { 
+    public static void Main()
+    {
         C.c = new C();
         D d123 = M123;
         D d456 = M456;
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ static void Main()
         {
             string myStr = ""goo"";
             object o = myStr;
-            object b = o as string;            
+            object b = o as string;
 
             TestType tt = null;
             o = tt;
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ static void Main()
             tt = new TestType();
             o = tt;
             b = o as AnotherType;
-        
+
             b = o as MyInter;
 
             MyInter mi = new TestType();
@@ -862,13 +862,13 @@ static void Main()
 
             MyBase mb = new MyBase();
             o = mb;
-            b = o as MyDerived;      
+            b = o as MyDerived;
 
             MyDerived md = new MyDerived();
             o = md;
             b = o as MyBase;
 
-            b = null as MyBase;            
+            b = null as MyBase;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1384,6 +1384,13 @@ static void Goo<T>(T x1, T x2)
     {
         Console.WriteLine(x1 ?? x2);
     }
+
+    static void Goo2<T1, T2>(T1 t1, T2 t2, dynamic d) where T1 : T2
+    {
+        // Verifying no type errors
+        T2 t = t1 ?? t2;
+        dynamic d2 = t1 ?? d;
+    }
 }
 ";
             var comp = CompileAndVerify(source, expectedOutput: @"
@@ -3504,7 +3511,7 @@ public static void Main()
 
             // Can't actually see an unchecked cast here since only constant values are emitted.
             comp.VerifyIL("A.Main", @"
-{ 
+{
   // Code size       13 (0xd)
   .maxstack  2
   .locals init (A.E V_0) //e
@@ -5361,7 +5368,7 @@ struct S1
     public static implicit operator bool (S1 x)
     {
         return true;
-    } 
+    }
 }
 ";
 
@@ -5551,7 +5558,7 @@ static void Main()
         System.Console.WriteLine(CoalesceDifferentTupleNames(null));
     }
 }";
-            var expectedOutput = 
+            var expectedOutput =
  @"(True, 533d4d3b-5013-461e-ae9e-b98eb593d761, value)
 (False, 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000, )";
             var comp = CompileAndVerify(source, expectedOutput: expectedOutput);
@@ -5729,7 +5736,7 @@ static int Coalesce(int? x)
 }";
             var comp = CreateCompilation(source);
             comp.MakeMemberMissing(SpecialMember.System_Nullable_T_GetValueOrDefault);
-            
+
             comp.VerifyEmitDiagnostics(
                 // (6,16): error CS0656: Missing compiler required member 'System.Nullable`1.GetValueOrDefault'
                 //         return x ?? 0;

src/Compilers/CSharp/Test/Semantic/Semantics/NullCoalsceAssignmentTests.cs

@@ -131,5 +131,35 @@ void assertTypeInfo(SyntaxNode syntax)
 
             }
         }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CoalesceAssignment_NotConvertedToNonNullable()
+        {
+            var source = @"
+class C
+{
+    void M(int? a, int b)
+    {
+        a ??= b;
+    }
+}";
+
+            var comp = CreateCompilation(source, parseOptions: TestOptions.Regular8);
+            comp.VerifyDiagnostics();
+
+            var syntaxTree = comp.SyntaxTrees.Single();
+            var syntaxRoot = syntaxTree.GetRoot();
+            var semanticModel = comp.GetSemanticModel(syntaxTree);
+            var coalesceAssignment = syntaxRoot.DescendantNodes().OfType<AssignmentExpressionSyntax>().Single();
+
+            var nullable = comp.GetSpecialType(SpecialType.System_Nullable_T);
+            var int32 = comp.GetSpecialType(SpecialType.System_Int32);
+
+            var coalesceType = semanticModel.GetTypeInfo(coalesceAssignment).Type;
+            var genericParameter = ((INamedTypeSymbol)coalesceType).TypeArguments.Single();
+
+            Assert.Equal(nullable, coalesceType.OriginalDefinition);
+            Assert.Equal(int32, genericParameter);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Compilers/CSharp/Test/Syntax/Parsing/ExpressionParsingTests.cs

@@ -3944,6 +3944,33 @@ public void NullCoalesingAssigmentExpressionAndCoalescingOperator()
             EOF();
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void NullCoalescingAssignmentExpressionNested()
+        {
+            UsingExpression("a ??= b ??= c");
+            N(SyntaxKind.CoalesceAssignmentExpression);
+            {
+                N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierName);
+                {
+                    N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierToken, "a");
+                }
+                N(SyntaxKind.QuestionQuestionEqualsToken);
+                N(SyntaxKind.CoalesceAssignmentExpression);
+                {
+                    N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierName);
+                    {
+                        N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierToken, "b");
+                    }
+                    N(SyntaxKind.QuestionQuestionEqualsToken);
+                    N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierName);
+                    {
+                        N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierToken, "c");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            EOF();
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void NullCoalescingAssignmentCSharp7_3()
         {
@@ -3951,6 +3978,19 @@ public void NullCoalescingAssignmentCSharp7_3()
                 // (1,3): error CS8370: Feature 'coalescing assignment' is not available in C# 7.3. Please use language version 8.0 or greater.
                 // a ??= b
                 Diagnostic(ErrorCode.ERR_FeatureNotAvailableInVersion7_3, "??=").WithArguments("coalescing assignment", "8.0").WithLocation(1, 3));
+            N(SyntaxKind.CoalesceAssignmentExpression);
+            {
+                N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierName);
+                {
+                    N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierToken, "a");
+                }
+                N(SyntaxKind.QuestionQuestionEqualsToken);
+                N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierName);
+                {
+                    N(SyntaxKind.IdentifierToken, "b");
+                }
+            }
+            EOF();
         }
     }
 }

src/Compilers/Core/Portable/Operations/ControlFlowGraphBuilder.cs

@@ -2858,7 +2858,7 @@ public override IOperation VisitCoalesceAssignment(ICoalesceAssignmentOperation
             SpillEvalStack();
             int valueCaptureId = GetNextCaptureId(valueFrame.RegionBuilderOpt);
             AddStatement(new FlowCapture(valueCaptureId, locationCapture.Syntax, locationCapture));
-            IOperation valueCapture = GetCaptureReference(valueCaptureId, OperationCloner.CloneOperation(locationCapture));
+            IOperation valueCapture = GetCaptureReference(valueCaptureId, locationCapture);
 
             var whenNull = new BasicBlockBuilder(BasicBlockKind.Block);
             var afterCoalesce = new BasicBlockBuilder(BasicBlockKind.Block);
@@ -2891,7 +2891,7 @@ public override IOperation VisitCoalesceAssignment(ICoalesceAssignmentOperation
 
             IOperation whenNullValue = Visit(operation.Value);
             IOperation whenNullAssignment = new SimpleAssignmentExpression(OperationCloner.CloneOperation(locationCapture), isRef: false, whenNullValue, semanticModel: null,
-                                                                       operation.Syntax, operation.Type, constantValue: operation.ConstantValue, isImplicit: true);
+                                                                           operation.Syntax, operation.Type, constantValue: operation.ConstantValue, isImplicit: true);
 
             if (isStatement)
             {