The underlying machinery used by "ls-files -o" and other commands
have been taught not to create empty submodule ref cache for a
directory that is not a submodule.  This removes a ton of wasted
CPU cycles.

* jk/ref-cache-non-repository-optim:
  resolve_gitlink_ref: ignore non-repository paths
  clean: make is_git_repository a public function

dirname() emulation has been added, as Msys2 lacks it.

* js/dirname-basename:
  mingw: avoid linking to the C library's isalpha()
  t0060: loosen overly strict expectations
  t0060: verify that basename() and dirname() work as expected
  compat/basename.c: provide a dirname() compatibility function
  compat/basename: make basename() conform to POSIX
  Refactor skipping DOS drive prefixes

* tb/complete-word-diff-regex:
  completion: complete "diff --word-diff-regex="

* pw/completion-stash:
  completion: update completion arguments for stash

* pw/completion-show-branch:
  completion: complete show-branch "--date-order"

* jk/completion-rebase:
  completion: add missing git-rebase options

A few options of "git diff" did not work well when the command was
run from a subdirectory.

* nd/diff-with-path-params:
  diff: make -O and --output work in subdirectory
  diff-no-index: do not take a redundant prefix argument

The "split" subcommand of "git subtree" (in contrib/) incorrectly
skipped merges when it shouldn't, which was corrected.

* dw/subtree-split-do-not-drop-merge:
  contrib/subtree: fix "subtree split" skipped-merge bug

* ew/svn-1.9.0-auth:
  git-svn: fix auth parameter handling on SVN 1.9.0+

"git tag" started listing a tag "foo" as "tags/foo" when a branch
named "foo" exists in the same repository; remove this unnecessary
disambiguation, which is a regression introduced in v2.7.0.

* jk/list-tag-2.7-regression:
  tag: do not show ambiguous tag names as "tags/foo"
  t6300: use test_atom for some un-modern tests

The description for SANITY prerequisite the test suite uses has
been clarified both in the comment and in the implementation.

* jk/sanity:
  test-lib: clarify and tighten SANITY

A recent optimization to filter-branch in v2.7.0 introduced a
regression when --prune-empty filter is used, which has been
corrected.

* jk/filter-branch-no-index:
  filter-branch: resolve $commit^{tree} in no-index case

Many codepaths that run "gc --auto" before exiting kept packfiles
mapped and left the file descriptors to them open, which was not
friendly to systems that cannot remove files that are open.  They
now close the packs before doing so.

* js/close-packs-before-gc:
  receive-pack: release pack files before garbage-collecting
  merge: release pack files before garbage-collecting
  am: release pack files before garbage-collecting
  fetch: release pack files before garbage-collecting

"git rebase", unlike all other callers of "gc --auto", did not
ignore the exit code from "gc --auto".

* jk/ok-to-fail-gc-auto-in-rebase:
  rebase: ignore failures from "gc --auto"

Asking gitweb for a nonexistent commit left a warning in the server
log.

Somebody may want to follow this up with a new test, perhaps?
IIRC, we do test that no Perl warnings are given to the server log,
so this should have been caught if our test coverage were good.

* ho/gitweb-squelch-undef-warning:
  gitweb: squelch "uninitialized value" warning

Some codepaths used fopen(3) when opening a fixed path in $GIT_DIR
(e.g. COMMIT_EDITMSG) that is meant to be left after the command is
done.  This however did not work well if the repository is set to
be shared with core.sharedRepository and the umask of the previous
user is tighter.  They have been made to work better by calling
unlink(2) and retrying after fopen(3) fails with EPERM.

* js/fopen-harder:
  Handle more file writes correctly in shared repos
  commit: allow editing the commit message even in shared repos

The ignore mechanism saw a few regressions around untracked file
listing and sparse checkout selection areas in 2.7.0; the change
that is responsible for the regression has been reverted.

* nd/exclusion-regression-fix:
  Revert "dir.c: don't exclude whole dir prematurely if neg pattern may match"

"git reflog" incorrectly assumed that all objects that used to be
at the tip of a ref must be commits, which caused it to segfault.

* dk/reflog-walk-with-non-commit:
  reflog-walk: don't segfault on non-commit sha1's in the reflog

The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
the '--signoff' option and DCO.

* dw/signoff-doc:
  Expand documentation describing --signoff

A few unportable C construct have been spotted by clang compiler
and have been fixed.

* jk/clang-pedantic:
  bswap: add NO_UNALIGNED_LOADS define
  avoid shifting signed integers 31 bits

"git send-email" was confused by escaped quotes stored in the alias
files saved by "mutt", which has been corrected.

* ew/send-email-mutt-alias-fix:
  git-send-email: do not double-escape quotes from mutt

The "exclude_list" structure has the usual "alloc, nr" pair of
fields to be used by ALLOC_GROW(), but clear_exclude_list() forgot
to reset 'alloc' to 0 when it cleared 'nr' to discard the managed
array.

* nd/dir-exclude-cleanup:
  dir.c: clean the entire struct in clear_exclude_list()

An earlier change in 2.5.x-era broke users' hooks and aliases by
exporting GIT_WORK_TREE to point at the root of the working tree,
interfering when they tried to use a different working tree without
setting GIT_WORK_TREE environment themselves.

* nd/stop-setenv-work-tree:
  Revert "setup: set env $GIT_WORK_TREE when work tree is set, like $GIT_DIR"

For users with "store-passwords = no" set in the "[auth]" section of
their ~/.subversion/config, SVN 1.9.0+ would fail with the
following message when attempting to call svn_auth_set_parameter:

  Value is not a string (or undef) at Git/SVN/Ra.pm

Ironically, this breakage was caused by r1553823 in subversion:

  "Make svn_auth_set_parameter() usable from Perl bindings."

Since 2007 (602015e0), git-svn has used a workaround to make
svn_auth_set_parameter usable internally.  However this workaround
breaks under SVN 1.9+, which deals properly with the type mapping
and fails to recognize our workaround.

For pre-1.9.0 SVN, we continue to use the existing workaround for
the lack of proper type mapping in the bindings.

Tested under subversion 1.6.17 and 1.9.3.

I've also verified r1553823 was not backported to SVN 1.8.x:

  BRANCH=http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/subversion/branches/1.8.x
  svn log -v $BRANCH/subversion/bindings/swig/core.i

ref: https://bugs.debian.org/797705
Cc: 797705@bugs.debian.org
Reported-by: NThierry Vignaud <thierry.vignaud@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
Tested-by: NThierry Vignaud <thierry.vignaud@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Since b7cc53e9 (tag.c: use 'ref-filter' APIs, 2015-07-11),
git-tag has started showing tags with ambiguous names (i.e.,
when both "heads/foo" and "tags/foo" exists) as "tags/foo"
instead of just "foo". This is both:

  - pointless; the output of "git tag" includes only
    refs/tags, so we know that "foo" means the one in
    "refs/tags".

and

  - ambiguous; in the original output, we know that the line
    "foo" means that "refs/tags/foo" exists. In the new
    output, it is unclear whether we mean "refs/tags/foo" or
    "refs/tags/tags/foo".

The reason this happens is that commit b7cc53e9 switched
git-tag to use ref-filter's "%(refname:short)" output
formatting, which was adapted from for-each-ref. This more
general code does not know that we care only about tags, and
uses shorten_unambiguous_ref to get the short-name. We need
to tell it that we care only about "refs/tags/", and it
should shorten with respect to that value.

In theory, the ref-filter code could figure this out by us
passing FILTER_REFS_TAGS. But there are two complications
there:

  1. The handling of refname:short is deep in formatting
     code that does not even have our ref_filter struct, let
     alone the arguments to the filter_ref struct.

  2. In git v2.7.0, we expose the formatting language to the
     user. If we follow this path, it will mean that
     "%(refname:short)" behaves differently for "tag" versus
     "for-each-ref" (including "for-each-ref refs/tags/"),
     which can lead to confusion.

Instead, let's add a new modifier to the formatting
language, "strip", to remove a specific set of prefix
components. This fixes "git tag", and lets users invoke the
same behavior from their own custom formats (for "tag" or
"for-each-ref") while leaving ":short" with its same
consistent meaning in all places.

We introduce a test in t7004 for "git tag", which fails
without this patch. We also add a similar test in t3203 for
"git branch", which does not actually fail. But since it is
likely that "branch" will eventually use the same formatting
code, the test helps defend against future regressions.
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Add --all and --include-untracked to the git stash save completions.
Add --quiet to the git stash drop completions.
Update git stash branch so that the first argument expands out to the
possible branch names, and the other arguments expand to the stash
names.
Signed-off-by: NPaul Wagland <paul@kungfoocoder.org>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Signed-off-by: NPaul Wagland <paul@kungfoocoder.org>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

This adds the --no-* variants where those are documented in
git-rebase(1).
Signed-off-by: NJohn Keeping <john@keeping.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

The implementation of mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix() calls isalpha() via
has_dos_drive_prefix(). Since the definition occurs long before isalpha()
is defined in git-compat-util.h, my build environment reports:

    CC alloc.o
In file included from git-compat-util.h:186,
                 from cache.h:4,
                 from alloc.c:12:
compat/mingw.h: In function 'mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix':
compat/mingw.h:365: warning: implicit declaration of function 'isalpha'

Dscho does not see a similar warning in his build and suspects that
ctype.h is included somehow behind the scenes. This implies that his build
links to the C library's isalpha() and does not use git's isalpha().

To fix both the warning in my build and the inconsistency in Dscho's
build, move the function definition to mingw.c. Then it picks up git's
isalpha() because git-compat-util.h is included at the top of the file.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Because this script has to test so many formatters, we have
the nice "test_atom" helper, but we don't use it
consistently. Let's do so. This is shorter, gets rid of some
tests that have their "expected" setup outside of a
test_expect_success block, and lets us organize the changes
better (e.g., putting "refname:short" near "refname").

We also expand the "%(push)" tests a little to match the
"%(upstream)" ones.
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

When we want to look up a submodule ref, we use
get_ref_cache(path) to find or auto-create its ref cache.
But if we feed a path that isn't actually a git repository,
we blindly create the ref cache, and then may die deeper in
the code when we try to access it. This is a problem because
many callers speculatively feed us a path that looks vaguely
like a repository, and expect us to tell them when it is
not.

This patch teaches resolve_gitlink_ref to reject
non-repository paths without creating a ref_cache. This
avoids the die(), and also performs better if you have a
large number of these faux-submodule directories (because
the ref_cache lookup is linear, under the assumption that
there won't be a large number of submodules).

To accomplish this, we also break get_ref_cache into two
pieces: the lookup and auto-creation (the latter is lumped
into create_ref_cache). This lets us first cheaply ask our
cache "is it a submodule we know about?" If so, we can avoid
repeating our filesystem lookup. So lookups of real
submodules are not penalized; they examine the submodule's
.git directory only once.

The test in t3000 demonstrates a case where this improves
correctness (we used to just die). The new perf case in
p7300 shows off the speed improvement in an admittedly
pathological repository:

Test                  HEAD^               HEAD
----------------------------------------------------------------
7300.4: ls-files -o   66.97(66.15+0.87)   0.33(0.08+0.24) -99.5%
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

We have always had is_git_directory(), for looking at a
specific directory to see if it contains a git repo. In
0179ca7a (clean: improve performance when removing lots of
directories, 2015-06-15), we added is_git_repository() which
checks for a non-bare repository by looking at its ".git"
entry.

However, the fix in 0179ca7a needs to be applied other
places, too. Let's make this new helper globally available.
We need to give it a better name, though, to avoid confusion
with is_git_directory(). This patch does that, documents
both functions with a comment to reduce confusion, and
removes the clean-specific references in the comments.
Based-on-a-patch-by: NAndreas Krey <a.krey@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Signed-off-by: NNguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Prefix is already set up in "revs". The same prefix should be used for
all options parsing. So kill the last argument. This patch does not
actually change anything because the only caller does use the same
prefix for init_revisions() and diff_no_index().
Signed-off-by: NNguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Signed-off-by: NThomas Braun <thomas.braun@virtuell-zuhause.de>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

'git subtree split' can incorrectly skip a merge even when both parents
act on the subtree, provided the merge results in a tree identical to
one of the parents. Fix by copying the merge if at least one parent is
non-identical, and the non-identical parent is not an ancestor of the
identical parent.

Also, add a test case which checks that a descendant remains a
descendent on the subtree in this case.
Signed-off-by: NDave Ware <davidw@realtimegenomics.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid A. Greene <greened@obbligato.org>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Commit 348d4f2f (filter-branch: skip index read/write when
possible, 2015-11-06) taught filter-branch to optimize out
the final "git write-tree" when we know we haven't touched
the tree with any of our filters. It does by simply putting
the literal text "$commit^{tree}" into the "$tree" variable,
avoiding a useless rev-parse call.

However, when we pass this to git_commit_non_empty_tree(),
it gets confused; it resolves "$commit^{tree}" itself, and
compares our string to the 40-hex sha1, which obviously
doesn't match. As a result, "--prune-empty" (or any custom
filter using git_commit_non_empty_tree) will fail to drop
an empty commit (when filter-branch is used without a tree
or index filter).

Let's resolve $tree to the 40-hex ourselves, so that
git_commit_non_empty_tree can work. Unfortunately, this is a
bit slower due to the extra process overhead:

  $ cd t/perf && ./run 348d4f2f HEAD p7000-filter-branch.sh
  [...]
  Test                  348d4f2f           HEAD
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  7000.2: noop filter   3.76(0.24+0.26)   4.54(0.28+0.24) +20.7%

We could try to make git_commit_non_empty_tree more clever.
However, the value of $tree here is technically
user-visible. The user can provide arbitrary shell code at
this stage, which could itself have a similar assumption to
what is in git_commit_non_empty_tree. So the conservative
choice to fix this regression is to take the 20% hit and
give the pre-348d4f2f behavior. We still end up much faster
than before the optimization:

  $ cd t/perf && ./run 348d4f2f^ HEAD p7000-filter-branch.sh
  [...]
  Test                  348d4f2f^          HEAD
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  7000.2: noop filter   9.51(4.32+0.40)   4.51(0.28+0.23) -52.6%
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

f400e51c (test-lib.sh: set prerequisite SANITY by testing what we
really need, 2015-01-27) improved the way SANITY prerequisite was
determined, but made the resulting code (incorrectly) imply that
SANITY is all about effects of permission bits of the containing
directory has on the files contained in it by the comment it added,
its log message and the actual tests.

State what SANITY is about more clearly in the comment, and test
that a file whose permission bits says should be unreadble truly
cannot be read.
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

The dirname() tests file were developed and tested on only the five
platforms available to the developer at the time, namely: Linux (both 32
and 64bit), Windows XP 32-bit (MSVC), MinGW 32-bit and Cygwin 32-bit.

http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/basename.html
(i.e. the POSIX spec) says, in part:

	If the string pointed to by path consists entirely of the '/'
	character, basename() shall return a pointer to the string "/".
	If the string pointed to by path is exactly "//", it is
	implementation-defined whether "/" or "//" is returned.

The thinking behind testing precise, OS-dependent output values was to
document that different setups produce different values. However, as the
test failures on MacOSX illustrated eloquently: hardcoding pretty much each
and every setup's expectations is pretty fragile.

This is not limited to the "//" vs "/" case, of course, other inputs are
also allowed to produce multiple outputs by the POSIX specs.

So let's just test for all allowed values and be done with it. This still
documents that Git cannot rely on one particular output value in those
cases, so the intention of the original tests is still met.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

After rebasing, we call "gc --auto" to clean up if we
created a lot of loose objects. However, we do so inside an
&&-chain. If "gc --auto" fails (e.g., because a previous
background gc blocked us by leaving "gc.log" in place),
then:

  1. We will fail to clean up the state directory, leaving
     the user stuck in the rebase forever (even "git am
     --abort" doesn't work, because it calls "gc --auto"!).

  2. In some cases, we may return a bogus exit code from
     rebase, indicating failure when everything except the
     auto-gc succeeded.

We can fix this by ignoring the exit code of "gc --auto".
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>