Rolls the two-directory-diff logic from diffall script (in contrib/) into
"git difftool" framework.

By Tim Henigan
* th/difftool-diffall:
  difftool: print list of valid tools with '--tool-help'
  difftool: teach difftool to handle directory diffs
  difftool: eliminate setup_environment function
  difftool: stop appending '.exe' to git
  difftool: remove explicit change of PATH
  difftool: exit(0) when usage is printed
  difftool: add '--no-gui' option
  difftool: parse options using Getopt::Long

Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

When using a Perl script on a system where "perl" found on user's $PATH
could be ancient or otherwise broken, we allow builders to specify the
path to a good copy of Perl with $PERL_PATH.  The gitweb test forgot to
use that Perl when running its test.

By Jeff King (1) and Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek (1)
* jk/maint-gitweb-test-use-sane-perl:
  Consistently use perl from /usr/bin/ for scripts
  t/gitweb-lib: use $PERL_PATH to run gitweb

The test scaffolding for git-daemon was flaky.

By Johannes Sixt
* js/daemon-test-race-fix:
  t5570: fix forwarding of git-daemon messages via cat

"git config --rename-section" to rename an existing section into a bogus
one did not check the new name.

By Jeff King
* jk/maint-config-bogus-section:
  config: reject bogus section names for --rename-section

The test scaffolding for fast-import was flaky.

By Pete Wyckoff
* pw/t5800-import-race-fix:
  git-remote-testgit: fix race when spawning fast-import

In the older days, the header "Conflicts:" in "cherry-pick" and "merge"
was separated by a blank line from the list of paths that follow for
readability, but when "merge" was rewritten in C, we lost it by
mistake. Remove the newline from "cherry-pick" to make them match again.

By Ralf Thielow
* rt/cherry-revert-conflict-summary:
  sequencer: remove additional blank line

The filesystem boundary was not correctly reported when .git directory
discovery stopped at a mount point.

By Clemens Buchacher
* cb/maint-report-mount-point-correctly-in-setup:
  properly keep track of current working directory

Attach example sections to previous level of indenting.

Fix a trailing ::
Signed-off-by: NPete Wyckoff <pw@padd.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

We tend to keep long lists sorted (extensions are not taken into
account), which helps spot a name easily by eye. Rearrange a few
items so these lists remain sorted.
Signed-off-by: NNguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

* maint:

Octopus merge strategy did not reduce heads that are recorded in the final
commit correctly.

By Junio C Hamano (4) and Michał Kiedrowicz (1)
* jc/merge-reduce-parents-early:
  fmt-merge-msg: discard needless merge parents
  builtin/merge.c: reduce parents early
  builtin/merge.c: collect other parents early
  builtin/merge.c: remove "remoteheads" global variable
  merge tests: octopus with redundant parents

The command line parser choked "git cherry-pick $name" when $name can be
both revision name and a pathname, even though $name can never be a path
in the context of the command.

By Clemens Buchacher
* cb/cherry-pick-rev-path-confusion:
  cherry-pick: do not expect file arguments

HTTP transport that requires authentication did not work correctly when
multiple connections are used simultaneously.

By Jeff King (3) and Clemens Buchacher (1)
* cb/http-multi-curl-auth:
  http: use newer curl options for setting credentials
  http: clean up leak in init_curl_http_auth
  fix http auth with multiple curl handles
  http auth fails with multiple curl handles

The report from "git fetch" said "new branch" even for a non branch ref.

By Marc Branchaud
* mb/fetch-call-a-non-branch-a-ref:
  fetch: describe new refs based on where it came from
  fetch: Give remote_ref to update_local_ref() as well

i18n marking for an error message for "git stash --notavalidoption"
was incorrect.

By Ross Lagerwall
* rl/maint-stash-i18n-save-error:
  stash: use eval_gettextln correctly

"diff --no-index" codepath had a few places that used fixed-size
buffer and truncated paths that are too long.

By Jim Meyering (1) and Junio C Hamano (1)
* jm/maint-strncpy-diff-no-index:
  diff --no-index: use strbuf for temporary pathnames
  diff: avoid stack-buffer-read-overrun for very long name

"git push" over smart-http lost progress output and this resurrects it.

By Jeff King
* jk/maint-push-progress:
  t5541: test more combinations of --progress
  teach send-pack about --[no-]progress
  send-pack: show progress when isatty(2)

A couple of commands learn --column option to produce columnar output.

By Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy (9) and Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek (1)
* nd/columns:
  tag: add --column
  column: support piping stdout to external git-column process
  status: add --column
  branch: add --column
  help: reuse print_columns() for help -a
  column: add dense layout support
  t9002: work around shells that are unable to set COLUMNS to 1
  column: add columnar layout
  Stop starting pager recursively
  Add column layout skeleton and git-column

Since commit 6cf378f0, asciidoc backticks are now inline
literals; therefore quoting {tilde} inside them is wrong
(this instance was missed in 6cf378f0 because it happened on
a parallel line of development).
Signed-off-by: NJeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

via Eric Wong
* 'master' of git://git.bogomips.org/git-svn:
  git-svn: introduce SVN version comparison function

Use word-at-a-time comparison to find end of line or NUL (end of buffer),
borrowed from the linux-kernel discussion.

By Thomas Rast
* tr/xdiff-fast-hash:
  xdiff: choose XDL_FAST_HASH code on sizeof(long) instead of __WORDSIZE
  xdiff: load full words in the inner loop of xdl_hash_record

When using a Perl script on a system where "perl" found on user's $PATH
could be ancient or otherwise broken, we allow builders to specify the
path to a good copy of Perl with $PERL_PATH.  The gitweb test forgot to
use that Perl when running its test.

By Jeff King (1) and Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek (1)
* jk/maint-gitweb-test-use-sane-perl:
  Consistently use perl from /usr/bin/ for scripts
  t/gitweb-lib: use $PERL_PATH to run gitweb

Many error/warning messages had extra trailing newlines that are
unnecessary.

By Pete Wyckoff
* pw/message-cleanup:
  remove blank filename in error message
  remove superfluous newlines in error messages

Spend only minimum number of columns necessary to show the number of lines
in the output from "diff --stat", instead of always allocating 4 columns
even when showing changes that are much smaller than 1000 lines.

By Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
* zj/diff-stat-smaller-num-columns:
  diff --stat: use less columns for change counts

Miscellaneous updates to "git p4".

By Pete Wyckoff
* pw/p4-various:
  git p4: submit files with wildcards
  git p4: fix writable file after rename or copy
  git p4: test submit
  git p4: bring back files in deleted client directory

A script written long time ago proved to be useful this week for me ;-)
with a minor tweak.

* jc/rerere-train:
  contrib/rerere-train: use installed git-sh-setup

Fix some constructs that build messages meant for i18n by concatenating
pieces of strings.

By Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
* ab/i18n:
  git-commit: remove lego in i18n messages
  git-commit: remove lego in i18n messages
  git-branch: remove lego in i18n messages

"log --graph" was not very friendly with "--stat" option and its output
had line breaks at wrong places.

By Lucian Poston (5) and Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek (2)
* lp/diffstat-with-graph:
  t4052: work around shells unable to set COLUMNS to 1
  Prevent graph_width of stat width from falling below min
  t4052: Test diff-stat output with minimum columns
  t4052: Adjust --graph --stat output for prefixes
  Adjust stat width calculations to take --graph output into account
  Add output_prefix_length to diff_options
  t4052: test --stat output with --graph

A broken shell may not let us set an environment value to an arbitrary
value, interfering with some of the tests. Introduce a test prerequisite
so that we can skip some tests on such a platform.

By Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
* zj/mksh-columns-breakage:
  test-lib: skip test with COLUMNS=1 under mksh

Our documentation was written for an ancient version of AsciiDoc,
making the source not very readable.

By Jeff King
* jk/doc-asciidoc-inline-literal:
  docs: stop using asciidoc no-inline-literal

More message strings marked for i18n.

By Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy (10) and Jonathan Nieder (1)
* nd/i18n:
  help: replace underlining "help -a" headers using hyphens with a blank line
  i18n: bundle: mark strings for translation
  i18n: index-pack: mark strings for translation
  i18n: apply: update say_patch_name to give translators complete sentence
  i18n: apply: mark strings for translation
  i18n: remote: mark strings for translation
  i18n: make warn_dangling_symref() automatically append \n
  i18n: help: mark strings for translation
  i18n: mark relative dates for translation
  strbuf: convenience format functions with \n automatically appended
  Makefile: feed all header files to xgettext

New users tend to work on one branch at a time and push the result
out. The current and upstream modes of push is a more suitable default
mode than matching mode for these people, but neither is surprise-free
depending on how the project is set up. Introduce a "simple" mode that
is a subset of "upstream" but only works when the branch is named the same
between the remote and local repositories.

The plan is to make it the new default when push.default is not
configured.

By Matthieu Moy (5) and others
* mm/simple-push:
  push.default doc: explain simple after upstream
  push: document the future default change for push.default (matching -> simple)
  t5570: use explicit push refspec
  push: introduce new push.default mode "simple"
  t5528-push-default.sh: add helper functions
  Undocument deprecated alias 'push.default=tracking'
  Documentation: explain push.default option a bit more

Trivially shrinks the on-disk size of the index file to save both I/O and
checksum overhead.

The topic should give a solid base to build on further updates, with the
code refactoring in its earlier parts, and the backward compatibility
mechanism in its later parts.

* jc/index-v4:
  index-v4: document the entry format
  unpack-trees: preserve the index file version of original
  update-index: upgrade/downgrade on-disk index version
  read-cache.c: write prefix-compressed names in the index
  read-cache.c: read prefix-compressed names in index on-disk version v4
  read-cache.c: move code to copy incore to ondisk cache to a helper function
  read-cache.c: move code to copy ondisk to incore cache to a helper function
  read-cache.c: report the header version we do not understand
  read-cache.c: make create_from_disk() report number of bytes it consumed
  read-cache.c: allow unaligned mapping of the index file
  cache.h: hide on-disk index details
  varint: make it available outside the context of pack

With double-digit version components in SVN::Core::VERSION,
a naive string comparison is no longer sufficient and
a numeric comparison is required for correct results.

This fixes a regression introduced in
commit 082afee6
("git-svn: use platform specific auth providers")
where SVN version "1.6.6" was incorrectly assumed to
be newer than the required "1.6.12" version.

[mk: fix namespace references]
[ew: commit message]
Tested-by: NMatthijs Kooijman <matthijs@stdin.nl>
Acked-by: NEric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

By Jiang Xin (2) and Ralf Thielow (1)
via Jiang Xin
* 'master' of https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po:
  l10n: Update German translation
  l10n: Update Simplified Chinese translation
  l10n: Update git.pot (33 new, 24 deleted messages)

Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>