Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

The commit-graph facility did not work when in-core objects that
are promoted from unknown type to commit (e.g. a commit that is
accessed via a tag that refers to it) were involved, which has been
corrected.

* sg/object-as-type-commit-graph-fix:
  object_as_type: initialize commit-graph-related fields of 'struct commit'

"git fetch" output cleanup.

* nd/fetch-compact-update:
  fetch: prefer suffix substitution in compact fetch.output

Cocci rule update.

* sg/strbuf-addbuf-cocci:
  strbuf.cocci: suggest strbuf_addbuf() to add one strbuf to an other

"git instaweb" learned to drive http.server that comes with
"batteries included" Python installation (both Python2 & 3).

* az/instaweb-py3-http-server:
  git-instaweb: add Python builtin http.server support

When GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR is set, the command was incorrectly
started when modes of "git rebase" that implicitly uses the
machinery for the interactive rebase are run, which has been
corrected.

* pw/no-editor-in-rebase-i-implicit:
  implicit interactive rebase: don't run sequence editor

"git diff --color-moved --cc --stat -p" did not work well due to
funny interaction between a bug in color-moved and the rest, which
has been fixed.

* jk/diff-cc-stat-fixes:
  combine-diff: treat --dirstat like --stat
  combine-diff: treat --summary like --stat
  combine-diff: treat --shortstat like --stat
  combine-diff: factor out stat-format mask
  diff: clear emitted_symbols flag after use
  t4006: resurrect commented-out tests

"git checkout -b <new> [HEAD]" to create a new branch from the
current commit and check it out ought to be a no-op in the index
and the working tree in normal cases, but there are corner cases
that do require updates to the index and the working tree.  Running
it immediately after "git clone --no-checkout" is one of these
cases that an earlier optimization kicked in incorrectly, which has
been fixed.

* bp/checkout-new-branch-optim:
  checkout: fix regression in checkout -b on intitial checkout
  checkout: add test demonstrating regression with checkout -b on initial commit

Doc typo/stylo fixes.

* ja/doc-style-fix:
  doc: tidy asciidoc style

"git pack-objects" incorrectly used uninitialized mutex, which has
been corrected.

* ph/pack-objects-mutex-fix:
  pack-objects: merge read_lock and lock in packing_data struct
  pack-objects: move read mutex to packing_data struct

Asking "git check-attr" about a macro (e.g. "binary") on a specific
path did not work correctly, even though "git check-attr -a" listed
such a macro correctly.  This has been corrected.

* jk/attr-macro-fix:
  attr: do not mark queried macros as unset

Test fix for Windows.

* js/test-git-installed:
  tests: explicitly use `test-tool.exe` on Windows

On a case-insensitive filesystem, we failed to compare the part of
the path that is above the worktree directory in an absolute
pathname, which has been corrected.

* js/abspath-part-inside-repo:
  abspath_part_inside_repo: respect core.ignoreCase

Fix namespace support in protocol v2.

* jt/namespaced-ls-refs-fix:
  ls-refs: filter refs using namespace-stripped name

The codepath to show progress meter while writing out commit-graph
file has been improved.

* ab/commit-graph-write-progress:
  commit-graph write: emit a percentage for all progress
  commit-graph write: add itermediate progress
  commit-graph write: remove empty line for readability
  commit-graph write: add more descriptive progress output
  commit-graph write: show progress for object search
  commit-graph write: more descriptive "writing out" output
  commit-graph write: add "Writing out" progress output
  commit-graph: don't call write_graph_chunk_extra_edges() unnecessarily
  commit-graph: rename "large edges" to "extra edges"

The codepath to write out commit-graph has been optimized by
following the usual pattern of visiting objects in in-pack order.

* ab/commit-graph-write-optim:
  commit-graph write: use pack order when finding commits

Test update.

* js/t6042-timing-fix:
  t6042: work around speed optimization on Windows

"git add --ignore-errors" did not work as advertised and instead
worked as an unintended synonym for "git add --renormalize", which
has been fixed.

* jk/add-ignore-errors-bit-assignment-fix:
  add: use separate ADD_CACHE_RENORMALIZE flag

In Git for Windows, "git clone \\server\share\path" etc. that uses
UNC paths from command line had bad interaction with its shell
emulation.

* js/mingw-unc-path-w-backslashes:
  mingw: special-case arguments to `sh`
  mingw (t5580): document bug when cloning from backslashed UNC paths

An obvious typo in an assertion error message has been fixed.

* cc/test-ref-store-typofix:
  helper/test-ref-store: fix "new-sha1" vs "old-sha1" typo

"git fetch" and "git upload-pack" learned to send all exchange over
the sideband channel while talking the v2 protocol.

* jt/fetch-v2-sideband:
  tests: define GIT_TEST_SIDEBAND_ALL
  {fetch,upload}-pack: sideband v2 fetch response
  sideband: reverse its dependency on pkt-line
  pkt-line: introduce struct packet_writer
  pack-protocol.txt: accept error packets in any context
  Use packet_reader instead of packet_read_line

The compat/obstack code had casts that -Wcast-function-type
compilation option found questionable.

* sg/obstack-cast-function-type-fix:
  compat/obstack: fix -Wcast-function-type warnings

The codepath to read from the commit-graph file attempted to read
past the end of it when the file's table-of-contents was corrupt.

* js/commit-graph-chunk-table-fix:
  Makefile: correct example fuzz build
  commit-graph: fix buffer read-overflow
  commit-graph, fuzz: add fuzzer for commit-graph

"git p4" failed to update a shelved change when there were moved
files, which has been corrected.

* ld/git-p4-shelve-update-fix:
  git-p4: handle update of moved/copied files when updating a shelve
  git-p4: add failing test for shelved CL update involving move/copy

Micro-optimize the code that prepares commit objects to be walked
by "git rev-list" when the commit-graph is available.

* jt/get-reference-with-commit-graph:
  revision: use commit graph in get_reference()

Update the protocol message specification to allow only the limited
use of scaled quantities.  This is ensure potential compatibility
issues will not go out of hand.

* js/filter-options-should-use-plain-int:
  filter-options: expand scaled numbers
  tree:<depth>: skip some trees even when collecting omits
  list-objects-filter: teach tree:# how to handle >0

The in-core repository instances are passed through more codepaths.

* sb/more-repo-in-api: (23 commits)
  t/helper/test-repository: celebrate independence from the_repository
  path.h: make REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC repository agnostic
  commit: prepare free_commit_buffer and release_commit_memory for any repo
  commit-graph: convert remaining functions to handle any repo
  submodule: don't add submodule as odb for push
  submodule: use submodule repos for object lookup
  pretty: prepare format_commit_message to handle arbitrary repositories
  commit: prepare logmsg_reencode to handle arbitrary repositories
  commit: prepare repo_unuse_commit_buffer to handle any repo
  commit: prepare get_commit_buffer to handle any repo
  commit-reach: prepare in_merge_bases[_many] to handle any repo
  commit-reach: prepare get_merge_bases to handle any repo
  commit-reach.c: allow get_merge_bases_many_0 to handle any repo
  commit-reach.c: allow remove_redundant to handle any repo
  commit-reach.c: allow merge_bases_many to handle any repo
  commit-reach.c: allow paint_down_to_common to handle any repo
  commit: allow parse_commit* to handle any repo
  object: parse_object to honor its repository argument
  object-store: prepare has_{sha1, object}_file to handle any repo
  object-store: prepare read_object_file to deal with any repo
  ...

Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Custom userformat "log --format" learned %S atom that stands for
the tip the traversal reached the commit from, i.e. --source.

* it/log-format-source:
  log: add %S option (like --source) to log --format

"git add -e" got confused when the change it wants to let the user
edit is smaller than the previous change that was left over in a
temporary file.

* js/add-e-clear-patch-before-stating:
  add --edit: truncate the patch file

The code to walk tree objects has been taught that we may be
working with object names that are not computed with SHA-1.

* bc/tree-walk-oid:
  cache: make oidcpy always copy GIT_MAX_RAWSZ bytes
  tree-walk: store object_id in a separate member
  match-trees: use hashcpy to splice trees
  match-trees: compute buffer offset correctly when splicing
  tree-walk: copy object ID before use

"git fetch --deepen=<more>" has been corrected to work over v2
protocol.

* jt/upload-pack-deepen-relative-proto-v2:
  upload-pack: teach deepen-relative in protocol v2
  fetch-pack: do not take shallow lock unnecessarily

Code clean-up.

* jk/remote-insteadof-cleanup:
  remote: check config validity before creating rewrite struct

Debugging help for http transport.

* ms/http-no-more-failonerror:
  test: test GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 shows an error
  remote-curl: unset CURLOPT_FAILONERROR
  remote-curl: define struct for CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION
  http: enable keep_error for HTTP requests
  http: support file handles for HTTP_KEEP_ERROR

"git rebase" internally runs "checkout" to switch between branches,
and the command used to call the post-checkout hook, but the
reimplementation stopped doing so, which is getting fixed.

* os/rebase-runs-post-checkout-hook:
  rebase: run post-checkout hook on checkout
  t5403: simplify by using a single repository

Add sha-256 hash and plug it through the code to allow building Git
with the "NewHash".

* bc/sha-256:
  hash: add an SHA-256 implementation using OpenSSL
  sha256: add an SHA-256 implementation using libgcrypt
  Add a base implementation of SHA-256 support
  commit-graph: convert to using the_hash_algo
  t/helper: add a test helper to compute hash speed
  sha1-file: add a constant for hash block size
  t: make the sha1 test-tool helper generic
  t: add basic tests for our SHA-1 implementation
  cache: make hashcmp and hasheq work with larger hashes
  hex: introduce functions to print arbitrary hashes
  sha1-file: provide functions to look up hash algorithms
  sha1-file: rename algorithm to "sha1"

"git fetch --recurse-submodules" may not fetch the necessary commit
that is bound to the superproject, which is getting corrected.

* sb/submodule-recursive-fetch-gets-the-tip:
  fetch: ensure submodule objects fetched
  submodule.c: fetch in submodules git directory instead of in worktree
  submodule: migrate get_next_submodule to use repository structs
  repository: repo_submodule_init to take a submodule struct
  submodule: store OIDs in changed_submodule_names
  submodule.c: tighten scope of changed_submodule_names struct
  submodule.c: sort changed_submodule_names before searching it
  submodule.c: fix indentation
  sha1-array: provide oid_array_filter

"git fetch-pack" now can talk the version 2 protocol.

* jt/fetch-pack-v2:
  fetch-pack: support protocol version 2

The v2 upload-pack protocol implementation failed to honor
hidden-ref configuration, which has been corrected.
An earlier attempt reverted out of 'next'.

* jk/proto-v2-hidden-refs-fix:
  upload-pack: support hidden refs with protocol v2

There were many places the code relied on the string returned from
getenv() to be non-volatile, which is not true, that have been
corrected.

* jk/save-getenv-result:
  builtin_diff(): read $GIT_DIFF_OPTS closer to use
  merge-recursive: copy $GITHEAD strings
  init: make a copy of $GIT_DIR string
  config: make a copy of $GIT_CONFIG string
  commit: copy saved getenv() result
  get_super_prefix(): copy getenv() result