name-hash: stop storing trailing '/' on paths in index_state.dir_hash

When 5102c617 (Add case insensitivity support for directories when using
git status, 2010-10-03) added directories to the name-hash there was
only a single hash table in which both real cache entries and leading
directory prefixes were registered. To distinguish between the two types
of entries, directories were stored with a trailing '/'.

2092678c (name-hash.c: fix endless loop with core.ignorecase=true,
2013-02-28), however, moved directories to a separate hash table
(index_state.dir_hash) but retained the (now) redundant trailing '/',
thus callers continue to bear the burden of ensuring the slash's
presence before searching the index for a directory. Eliminate this
redundancy by storing paths in the dir-hash without the trailing '/'.

An important benefit of this change is that it eliminates undocumented
and dangerous behavior of dir.c:directory_exists_in_index_icase() in
which it assumes not only that it can validly access one character
beyond the end of its incoming directory argument, but also that that
character will unconditionally be a '/'. This perilous behavior was
"tolerated" because the string passed in by its lone caller always had a
'/' in that position, however, things broke [1] when 2eac2a4c (ls-files
-k: a directory only can be killed if the index has a non-directory,
2013-08-15) added a new caller which failed to respect the undocumented
assumption.

[1]: http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/232727Signed-off-by: NEric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: NJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

dir.c

@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ enum exist_status {
  */
 static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index_icase(const char *dirname, int len)
 {
-	const struct cache_entry *ce = cache_dir_exists(dirname, len + 1);
+	const struct cache_entry *ce = cache_dir_exists(dirname, len);
 	unsigned char endchar;
 
 	if (!ce)

name-hash.c

@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 {
 	/*
 	 * Throw each directory component in the hash for quick lookup
-	 * during a git status. Directory components are stored with their
+	 * during a git status. Directory components are stored without their
 	 * closing slash.  Despite submodules being a directory, they never
-	 * reach this point, because they are stored without a closing slash
+	 * reach this point, because they are stored
 	 * in index_state.name_hash (as ordinary cache_entries).
 	 *
 	 * Note that the cache_entry stored with the dir_entry merely
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 		namelen--;
 	if (namelen <= 0)
 		return NULL;
+	namelen--;
 
 	/* lookup existing entry for that directory */
 	dir = find_dir_entry(istate, ce->name, namelen);
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 		}
 
 		/* recursively add missing parent directories */
-		dir->parent = hash_dir_entry(istate, ce, namelen - 1);
+		dir->parent = hash_dir_entry(istate, ce, namelen);
 	}
 	return dir;
 }
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ struct cache_entry *index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *nam
 	 * in the dir-hash, submodules are stored in the name-hash, so check
 	 * there, as well.
 	 */
-	ce = index_file_exists(istate, name, namelen - 1, 1);
+	ce = index_file_exists(istate, name, namelen, 1);
 	if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 		return ce;
 
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ struct cache_entry *index_file_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *na
 struct cache_entry *index_name_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int icase)
 {
 	if (namelen > 0 && name[namelen - 1] == '/')
-		return index_dir_exists(istate, name, namelen);
+		return index_dir_exists(istate, name, namelen - 1);
 	return index_file_exists(istate, name, namelen, icase);
 }
 

read-cache.c

@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 			if (*ptr == '/') {
 				struct cache_entry *foundce;
 				++ptr;
-				foundce = index_dir_exists(istate, ce->name, ptr - ce->name);
+				foundce = index_dir_exists(istate, ce->name, ptr - ce->name - 1);
 				if (foundce) {
 					memcpy((void *)startPtr, foundce->name + (startPtr - ce->name), ptr - startPtr);
 					startPtr = ptr;