Computers have become a lot faster since we compromised on the
partial MD4 hash which we use currently for performance reasons.

MD5 is a much safer choice, and is inline with both RFC1948 and
other ISS generators (OpenBSD, Solaris, etc.)

Furthermore, only having 24-bits of the sequence number be truly
unpredictable is a very serious limitation.  So the periodic
regeneration and 8-bit counter have been removed.  We compute and
use a full 32-bit sequence number.

For ipv6, DCCP was found to use a 32-bit truncated initial sequence
number (it needs 43-bits) and that is fixed here as well.
Reported-by: NDan Kaminsky <dan@doxpara.com>
Tested-by: NWilly Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Le jeudi 16 juin 2011 à 23:38 -0400, David Miller a écrit :
> From: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com>
> Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2011 00:50:46 +0100
>
> > On Wed, 2011-06-15 at 04:15 +0200, Eric Dumazet wrote:
> >> @@ -1594,6 +1594,7 @@ int tcp_v4_do_rcv(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
> >>  			goto discard;
> >>
> >>  		if (nsk != sk) {
> >> +			sock_rps_save_rxhash(nsk, skb->rxhash);
> >>  			if (tcp_child_process(sk, nsk, skb)) {
> >>  				rsk = nsk;
> >>  				goto reset;
> >>
> >
> > I haven't tried this, but it looks reasonable to me.
> >
> > What about IPv6?  The logic in tcp_v6_do_rcv() looks very similar.
>
> Indeed ipv6 side needs the same fix.
>
> Eric please add that part and resubmit.  And in fact I might stick
> this into net-2.6 instead of net-next-2.6
>

OK, here is the net-2.6 based one then, thanks !

[PATCH v2] net: rfs: enable RFS before first data packet is received

First packet received on a passive tcp flow is not correctly RFS
steered.

One sock_rps_record_flow() call is missing in inet_accept()

But before that, we also must record rxhash when child socket is setup.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
CC: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com>
CC: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@cyberus.ca>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@conan.davemloft.net>

This patch lowers the default initRTO from 3secs to 1sec per
RFC2988bis. It falls back to 3secs if the SYN or SYN-ACK packet
has been retransmitted, AND the TCP timestamp option is not on.

It also adds support to take RTT sample during 3WHS on the passive
open side, just like its active open counterpart, and uses it, if
valid, to seed the initRTO for the data transmission phase.

The patch also resets ssthresh to its initial default at the
beginning of the data transmission phase, and reduces cwnd to 1 if
there has been MORE THAN ONE retransmission during 3WHS per RFC5681.
Signed-off-by: NH.K. Jerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The %pK format specifier is designed to hide exposed kernel pointers,
specifically via /proc interfaces.  Exposing these pointers provides an
easy target for kernel write vulnerabilities, since they reveal the
locations of writable structures containing easily triggerable function
pointers.  The behavior of %pK depends on the kptr_restrict sysctl.

If kptr_restrict is set to 0, no deviation from the standard %p behavior
occurs.  If kptr_restrict is set to 1, the default, if the current user
(intended to be a reader via seq_printf(), etc.) does not have CAP_SYSLOG
(currently in the LSM tree), kernel pointers using %pK are printed as 0's.
 If kptr_restrict is set to 2, kernel pointers using %pK are printed as
0's regardless of privileges.  Replacing with 0's was chosen over the
default "(null)", which cannot be parsed by userland %p, which expects
"(nil)".

The supporting code for kptr_restrict and %pK are currently in the -mm
tree.  This patch converts users of %p in net/ to %pK.  Cases of printing
pointers to the syslog are not covered, since this would eliminate useful
information for postmortem debugging and the reading of the syslog is
already optionally protected by the dmesg_restrict sysctl.
Signed-off-by: NDan Rosenberg <drosenberg@vsecurity.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@infradead.org>
Cc: Eugene Teo <eugeneteo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@parisplace.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We lack proper synchronization to manipulate inet->opt ip_options

Problem is ip_make_skb() calls ip_setup_cork() and
ip_setup_cork() possibly makes a copy of ipc->opt (struct ip_options),
without any protection against another thread manipulating inet->opt.

Another thread can change inet->opt pointer and free old one under us.

Use RCU to protect inet->opt (changed to inet->inet_opt).

Instead of handling atomic refcounts, just copy ip_options when
necessary, to avoid cache line dirtying.

We cant insert an rcu_head in struct ip_options since its included in
skb->cb[], so this patch is large because I had to introduce a new
ip_options_rcu structure.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add const qualifiers to structs iphdr, ipv6hdr and in6_addr pointers
where possible, to make code intention more obvious.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

properly record sk_rxhash in ipv6 sockets (v2)

Noticed while working on another project that flows to sockets which I had open
on a test systems weren't getting steered properly when I had RFS enabled.
Looking more closely I found that:

1) The affected sockets were all ipv6
2) They weren't getting steered because sk->sk_rxhash was never set from the
incomming skbs on that socket.

This was occuring because there are several points in the IPv4 tcp and udp code
which save the rxhash value when a new connection is established.  Those calls
to sock_rps_save_rxhash were never added to the corresponding ipv6 code paths.
This patch adds those calls.  Tested by myself to properly enable RFS
functionalty on ipv6.

Change notes:
v2:
	Filtered UDP to only arm RFS on bound sockets (Eric Dumazet)
Signed-off-by: NNeil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Make sure dst_release() is not called with error pointer. This is
similar to commit 4910ac6c ("ipv4:
Don't ip_rt_put() an error pointer in RAW sockets.").
Signed-off-by: NBoris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Create two sets of port member accessors, one set prefixed by fl4_*
and the other prefixed by fl6_*

This will let us to create AF optimal flow instances.

It will work because every context in which we access the ports,
we have to be fully aware of which AF the flowi is anyways.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

I intend to turn struct flowi into a union of AF specific flowi
structs.  There will be a common structure that each variant includes
first, much like struct sock_common.

This is the first step to move in that direction.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Route lookups follow a general pattern in the ipv6 code wherein
we first find the non-IPSEC route, potentially override the
flow destination address due to ipv6 options settings, and then
finally make an IPSEC search using either xfrm_lookup() or
__xfrm_lookup().

__xfrm_lookup() is used when we want to generate a blackhole route
if the key manager needs to resolve the IPSEC rules (in this case
-EREMOTE is returned and the original 'dst' is left unchanged).

Otherwise plain xfrm_lookup() is used and when asynchronous IPSEC
resolution is necessary, we simply fail the lookup completely.

All of these cases are encapsulated into two routines,
ip6_dst_lookup_flow and ip6_sk_dst_lookup_flow.  The latter of which
handles unconnected UDP datagram sockets.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Now, TCP_CHECK_TIMER is not used for debuging, it does nothing.
And, it has been there for several years, maybe 6 years.

Remove it to keep code clearer.
Signed-off-by: NShan Wei <shanwei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Future changes will add caching information, and some of
these new elements will be addresses.

Since the family is implicit via the ->daddr.family member,
replicating the family in ever address we store is entirely
redundant.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Make all RTAX_ADVMSS metric accesses go through a new helper function,
dst_metric_advmss().

Leave the actual default metric as "zero" in the real metric slot,
and compute the actual default value dynamically via a new dst_ops
AF specific callback.

For stacked IPSEC routes, we use the advmss of the path which
preserves existing behavior.

Unlike ipv4/ipv6, DecNET ties the advmss to the mtu and thus updates
advmss on pmtu updates.  This inconsistency in advmss handling
results in more raw metric accesses than I wish we ended up with.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We accidently set it to "true" for the case where we
are using a route bound peer.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Now ipv6 timewait recycling is fully implemented and
enabled.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This will also improve handling of ipv6 tcp socket request
backlog when syncookies are not enabled.  When backlog
becomes very deep, last quarter of backlog is limited to
validated destinations.  Previously only ipv4 implemented
this logic, but now ipv6 does too.

Now we are only one step away from enabling timewait
recycling for ipv6, and that step is simply filling in
the implementation of tcp_v6_get_peer() and
tcp_v6_tw_get_peer().
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The only thing AF-specific about remembering the timestamp
for a time-wait TCP socket is getting the peer.

Abstract that behind a new timewait_sock_ops vector.

Support for real IPV6 sockets is not filled in yet, but
curiously this makes timewait recycling start to work
for v4-mapped ipv6 sockets.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Then we can make a completely generic tcp_remember_stamp()
that uses ->get_peer() as a helper, minimizing the AF specific
code and minimizing the eventual code duplication when we implement
the ipv6 side of TW recycling.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When __inet_inherit_port() is called on a tproxy connection the wrong locks are
held for the inet_bind_bucket it is added to. __inet_inherit_port() made an
implicit assumption that the listener's port number (and thus its bind bucket).
Unfortunately, if you're using the TPROXY target to redirect skbs to a
transparent proxy that assumption is not true anymore and things break.

This patch adds code to __inet_inherit_port() so that it can handle this case
by looking up or creating a new bind bucket for the child socket and updates
callers of __inet_inherit_port() to gracefully handle __inet_inherit_port()
failing.

Reported by and original patch from Stephen Buck <stephen.buck@exinda.com>.
See http://marc.info/?t=128169268200001&r=1&w=2 for the original discussion.
Signed-off-by: NKOVACS Krisztian <hidden@balabit.hu>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>

Change "return (EXPR);" to "return EXPR;"

return is not a function, parentheses are not required.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

a new boolean flag no_autobind is added to structure proto to avoid the autobind
calls when the protocol is TCP. Then sock_rps_record_flow() is called int the
TCP's sendmsg() and sendpage() pathes.
Signed-off-by: NChangli Gao <xiaosuo@gmail.com>
----
 include/net/inet_common.h |    4 ++++
 include/net/sock.h        |    1 +
 include/net/tcp.h         |    8 ++++----
 net/ipv4/af_inet.c        |   15 +++++++++------
 net/ipv4/tcp.c            |   11 +++++------
 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c       |    3 +++
 net/ipv6/af_inet6.c       |    8 ++++----
 net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c       |    3 +++
 8 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Allows use of ECN when syncookies are in effect by encoding ecn_ok
into the syn-ack tcp timestamp.

While at it, remove a uneeded #ifdef CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES.
With CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES=nm want_cookie is ifdef'd to 0 and gcc
removes the "if (0)".
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When syncookies are in effect, req->iif is left uninitialized.
In case of e.g. link-local addresses the route lookup then fails
and no syn-ack is sent.

Rearrange things so ->iif is also initialized in the syncookie case.

want_cookie can only be true when the isn was zero, thus move the want_cookie
check into the "!isn" branch.

Cc: Glenn Griffin <ggriffin.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

caller: if (!th->rst && !th->syn && th->ack)
callee: if (!th->ack)

make the caller only check for !syn (common for 3whs), and move
the !rst / ack test to the callee.
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There are more than a dozen occurrences of following code in the
IPv6 stack:

    if (opt && opt->srcrt) {
            struct rt0_hdr *rt0 = (struct rt0_hdr *) opt->srcrt;
            ipv6_addr_copy(&final, &fl.fl6_dst);
            ipv6_addr_copy(&fl.fl6_dst, rt0->addr);
            final_p = &final;
    }

Replace those with a helper. Note that the helper overrides final_p
in all cases. This is ok as final_p was previously initialized to
NULL when declared.
Signed-off-by: NArnaud Ebalard <arno@natisbad.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

TCP-MD5 sessions have intermittent failures, when route cache is
invalidated. ip_queue_xmit() has to find a new route, calls
sk_setup_caps(sk, &rt->u.dst), destroying the 

sk->sk_route_caps &= ~NETIF_F_GSO_MASK

that MD5 desperately try to make all over its way (from
tcp_transmit_skb() for example)

So we send few bad packets, and everything is fine when
tcp_transmit_skb() is called again for this socket.

Since ip_queue_xmit() is at a lower level than TCP-MD5, I chose to use a
socket field, sk_route_nocaps, containing bits to mask on sk_route_caps.
Reported-by: NBhaskar Dutta <bhaskie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch adds IPv6 support for RFC5082 Generalized TTL Security Mechanism.  

Not to users of mapped address; the IPV6 and IPV4 socket options are seperate.
The server does have to deal with both IPv4 and IPv6 socket options
and the client has to handle the different for each family.

On client:
	int ttl = 255;
	getaddrinfo(argv[1], argv[2], &hint, &result);

	for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp->ai_next) {
		s = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
		if (s < 0) continue;

		if (rp->ai_family == AF_INET) {
			setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
		} else if (rp->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
			setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6,  IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS, 
					&ttl, sizeof(ttl)))
		}
			
		if (connect(s, rp->ai_addr, rp->ai_addrlen) == 0) {
		   ...

On server:
	int minttl = 255 - maxhops;
   
	getaddrinfo(NULL, port, &hints, &result);
	for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp->ai_next) {
		s = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
		if (s < 0) continue;

		if (rp->ai_family == AF_INET6)
			setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6,  IPV6_MINHOPCOUNT,
					&minttl, sizeof(minttl));
		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MINTTL, &minttl, sizeof(minttl));
			
		if (bind(s, rp->ai_addr, rp->ai_addrlen) == 0)
			break
...
Signed-off-by: NStephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Otherwise we only get the checksum right for data-less TCP responses.

Noticed by Herbert Xu.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 6651ffc8
("ipv6: Fix tcp_v6_send_response transport header setting.")
fixed one half of why ipv6 tcp response checksums were
invalid, but it's not the whole story.

If we're going to use CHECKSUM_PARTIAL for these things (which we are
since commit 2e8e18ef "tcp: Set
CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY in tcp_init_nondata_skb"), we can't be setting
buff->csum as we always have been here in tcp_v6_send_response.  We
need to leave it at zero.

Kill that line and checksums are good again.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

My recent patch to remove the open-coded checksum sequence in
tcp_v6_send_response broke it as we did not set the transport
header pointer on the new packet.

Actually, there is code there trying to set the transport
header properly, but it sets it for the wrong skb ('skb'
instead of 'buff').

This bug was introduced by commit
a8fdf2b3 ("ipv6: Fix
tcp_v6_send_response(): it didn't set skb transport header")
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Sparse can help us find endianness bugs, but we need to make some
cleanups to be able to more easily spot real bugs.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

As Herbert Xu said: we should be able to simply replace ipfragok
with skb->local_df. commit f88037(sctp: Drop ipfargok in sctp_xmit function)
has droped ipfragok and set local_df value properly.

The patch kills the ipfragok parameter of .queue_xmit().
Signed-off-by: NShan Wei <shanwei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

inet: Remove unused send_check length argument

This patch removes the unused length argument from the send_check
function in struct inet_connection_sock_af_ops.
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Tested-by: NYinghai <yinghai.lu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

tcp: Handle CHECKSUM_PARTIAL for SYNACK packets for IPv6

This patch moves the common code between tcp_v6_send_check and
tcp_v6_gso_send_check into a new function __tcp_v6_send_check.

It then uses the new function in tcp_v6_send_synack as well as
tcp_v6_send_response so that they handle CHECKSUM_PARTIAL properly.
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Tested-by: NYinghai <yinghai.lu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h

percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files.  percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.

percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed.  Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability.  As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.

  http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py

The script does the followings.

* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
  only the necessary includes are there.  ie. if only gfp is used,
  gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.

* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
  blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
  to its surrounding.  It's put in the include block which contains
  core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
  alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
  doesn't seem to be any matching order.

* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
  because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
  an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
  file.

The conversion was done in the following steps.

1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
   over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
   and ~3000 slab.h inclusions.  The script emitted errors for ~400
   files.

2. Each error was manually checked.  Some didn't need the inclusion,
   some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
   embedding .c file was more appropriate for others.  This step added
   inclusions to around 150 files.

3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
   from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.

4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
   e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
   APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.

5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
   editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
   files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell.  Most gfp.h
   inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
   wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros.  Each
   slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
   necessary.

6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.

7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
   were fixed.  CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
   distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
   more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
   build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).

   * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
   * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * ia64 SMP allmodconfig
   * s390 SMP allmodconfig
   * alpha SMP allmodconfig
   * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig

8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
   a separate patch and serve as bisection point.

Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>

Commit 6b03a53a (tcp: use limited socket backlog) added the possibility
of dropping frames when backlog queue is full.

Commit d218d111 (tcp: Generalized TTL Security Mechanism) added the
possibility of dropping frames when TTL is under a given limit.

This patch adds new SNMP MIB entries, named TCPBacklogDrop and
TCPMinTTLDrop, published in /proc/net/netstat in TcpExt: line

netstat -s | egrep "TCPBacklogDrop|TCPMinTTLDrop"
    TCPBacklogDrop: 0
    TCPMinTTLDrop: 0
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

sk_add_backlog -> __sk_add_backlog
sk_add_backlog_limited -> sk_add_backlog
Signed-off-by: NZhu Yi <yi.zhu@intel.com>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>