Make sysfs_dirent->s_active an atomic_t instead of rwsem.  This
reduces the size of sysfs_dirent from 136 to 104 on 64bit and from 76
to 60 on 32bit with lock debugging turned off.  With lock debugging
turned on the reduction is much larger.

s_active starts at zero and each active reference increments s_active.
Putting a reference decrements s_active.  Deactivation subtracts
SD_DEACTIVATED_BIAS which is currently INT_MIN and assumed to be small
enough to make s_active negative.  If s_active is negative,
sysfs_get() no longer grants new references.  Deactivation succeeds
immediately if there is no active user; otherwise, it waits using a
completion for the last put.

Due to the removal of lockdep tricks, this change makes things less
trickier in release_sysfs_dirent().  As all the complexity is
contained in three s_active functions, I think it's more readable this
way.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

These functions are about to receive more complexity and doesn't
really need to be inlined in the first place.  Move them from
fs/sysfs/sysfs.h to fs/sysfs/dir.c.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The root sysfs_dirent didn't point to the root dentry fix it.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

After dentry is reclaimed, sysfs always used to allocate new dentry
and inode if the file is accessed again.  This causes problem with
operations which only pin the inode.  For example, if inotify watch is
added to a sysfs file and the dentry for the file is reclaimed, the
next update event creates new dentry and new inode making the inotify
watch miss all the events from there on.

This patch fixes it by using iget_locked() instead of new_inode().
sysfs_new_inode() is renamed to sysfs_get_inode() and inode is
initialized iff the inode is newly allocated.  sysfs_instantiate() is
responsible for unlocking new inodes.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Reorganize/clean up sysfs_new_inode() and sysfs_create().

* sysfs_init_inode() is separated out from sysfs_new_inode() and is
  responsible for basic initialization.
* sysfs_instantiate() replaces the last step of sysfs_create() and is
  responsible for dentry instantitaion.
* type-specific initialization is moved out to the callers.
* mode is specified only once when creating a sysfs_dirent.
* spurious list_del_init(&sd->s_sibling) dropped from create_dir()

This change is to

* prepare for inode allocation fix.
* separate alloc and init code for synchronization update.
* make dentry/inode initialization more flexible for later changes.

This patch doesn't introduce visible behavior change.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Parent reference wasn't properly transferred during rename and move.
Fix it.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs_alloc_ino() isn't used out side of fs/sysfs/dir.c.  Make it
static.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs is now completely out of driver/module lifetime game.  After
deletion, a sysfs node doesn't access anything outside sysfs proper,
so there's no reason to hold onto the attribute owners.  Note that
often the wrong modules were accounted for as owners leading to
accessing removed modules.

This patch kills now unnecessary attribute->owner.  Note that with
this change, userland holding a sysfs node does not prevent the
backing module from being unloaded.

For more info regarding lifetime rule cleanup, please read the
following message.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293

(tweaked by Greg to not delete the field just yet, to make it easier to
merge things properly.)
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This patch reimplements sysfs_drop_dentry() such that remove_dir() can
use it to drop dentry instead of using a separate mechanism.  With
this change, making directories reclaimable is much easier.

This patch used to contain fixes for two race conditions around
sd->s_dentry but that part has been separated out and included into
mainline early as commit 6aa054aa and
dd14cbc9.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Consolidate sd <-> dentry association into sysfs_attach_dentry() and
call it after dentry and inode are properly set up.  This is in
preparation of sysfs_drop_dentry() updates.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Now that sysfs_dirent can be disconnected from kobject on deletion,
there is no need to orphan each attribute files.  All [bin_]attribute
nodes are automatically orphaned when the parent node is deleted.
Kill attribute file orphaning.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs: implement sysfs_dirent active reference and immediate disconnect

Opening a sysfs node references its associated kobject, so userland
can arbitrarily prolong lifetime of a kobject which complicates
lifetime rules in drivers.  This patch implements active reference and
makes the association between kobject and sysfs immediately breakable.

Now each sysfs_dirent has two reference counts - s_count and s_active.
s_count is a regular reference count which guarantees that the
containing sysfs_dirent is accessible.  As long as s_count reference
is held, all sysfs internal fields in sysfs_dirent are accessible
including s_parent and s_name.

The newly added s_active is active reference count.  This is acquired
by invoking sysfs_get_active() and it's the caller's responsibility to
ensure sysfs_dirent itself is accessible (should be holding s_count
one way or the other).  Dereferencing sysfs_dirent to access objects
out of sysfs proper requires active reference.  This includes access
to the associated kobjects, attributes and ops.

The active references can be drained and denied by calling
sysfs_deactivate().  All active sysfs_dirents must be deactivated
after deletion but before the default reference is dropped.  This
enables immediate disconnect of sysfs nodes.  Once a sysfs_dirent is
deleted, it won't access any entity external to sysfs proper.

Because attr/bin_attr ops access both the node itself and its parent
for kobject, they need to hold active references to both.
sysfs_get/put_active_two() helpers are provided to help grabbing both
references.  Parent's is acquired first and released last.

Unlike other operations, mmapped area lingers on after mmap() is
finished and the module implement implementing it and kobj need to
stay referenced till all the mapped pages are gone.  This is
accomplished by holding one set of active references to the bin_attr
and its parent if there have been any mmap during lifetime of an
openfile.  The references are dropped when the openfile is released.

This change makes sysfs lifetime rules independent from both kobject's
and module's.  It not only fixes several race conditions caused by
sysfs not holding onto the proper module when referencing kobject, but
also helps fixing and simplifying lifetime management in driver model
and drivers by taking sysfs out of the equation.

Please read the following message for more info.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Implement bin_buffer which contains a mutex and pointer to PAGE_SIZE
buffer to properly synchronize accesses to per-openfile buffer and
prepare for immediate-kobj-disconnect.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs symlink is implemented by referencing dentry and kobject from
sysfs_dirent - symlink entry references kobject, dentry is used to
walk the tree.  This complicates object lifetimes rules and is
dangerous - for example, there is no way to tell to which module the
target of a symlink belongs and referencing that kobject can make it
linger after the module is gone.

This patch reimplements symlink using only sysfs_dirent tree.  sd for
a symlink points and holds reference to the target sysfs_dirent and
all walking is done using sysfs_dirent tree.  Simpler and safer.

Please read the following message for more info.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

kobj->dentry can go away anytime unless the user controls when the
associated sysfs node is deleted.  This patch implements
kobj_sysfs_assoc_lock which protects kobj->dentry.  This will be used
to maintain kobj based API when converting sysfs to use sysfs_dirent
tree instead of dentry/kobject.

Note that this lock belongs to kobject/driver-model not sysfs.  Once
sysfs is converted to not use kobject in its interface, this can be
removed from sysfs.

This is in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Make sd->s_element a union of sysfs_elem_{dir|symlink|attr|bin_attr}
and rename it to s_elem.  This is to achieve...

* some level of type checking : changing symlink to point to
  sysfs_dirent instead of kobject is much safer and less painful now.
* easier / standardized dereferencing
* allow sysfs_elem_* to contain more than one entry

Where possible, pointer is obtained by directly deferencing from sd
instead of going through other entities.  This reduces dependencies to
dentry, inode and kobject.  to_attr() and to_bin_attr() are unused now
and removed.

This is in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add s_name to sysfs_dirent.  This is to further reduce dependency to
the associated dentry.  Name is copied for directories and symlinks
but not for attributes.

Where possible, name dereferences are converted to use sd->s_name.
sysfs_symlink->link_name and sysfs_get_name() are unused now and
removed.

This change allows symlink to be implemented using sysfs_dirent tree
proper, which is the last remaining dentry-dependent sysfs walk.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add sysfs_dirent->s_parent.  With this patch, each sd points to and
holds a reference to its parent.  This allows walking sysfs tree
without referencing sd->s_dentry which can go away anytime if the user
doesn't control when it's deleted.

sd->s_parent is initialized and parent is referenced in
sysfs_attach_dirent().  Reference to parent is released when the sd is
released, so as long as reference to a sd is held, s_parent can be
followed.

dentry walk in sysfs_readdir() is convereted to s_parent walk.

This will be used to reimplement symlink such that it uses only
sysfs_dirent tree.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Currently there are four functions to create sysfs_dirent -
__sysfs_new_dirent(), sysfs_new_dirent(), __sysfs_make_dirent() and
sysfs_make_dirent().  Other than sysfs_make_dirent(), no function has
two users if calls to implement other functions are excluded.

This patch consolidates sysfs_dirent creation functions into the
following two.

* sysfs_new_dirent() : allocate and initialize
* sysfs_attach_dirent() : attach to sysfs_dirent hierarchy and/or
			  associate with dentry

This simplifies interface and gives callers more flexibility.  This is
in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Error handling in sysfs_rename_dir() was broken.

* When lookup_one_len() fails, 0 is returned.

* If parent inode check fails, returns with inode mutex and rename
  rwsem held.

This patch fixes the above bugs and flattens error handling such that
it's more readable and easier to modify.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Flatten cleanup paths in sysfs_add_link() and create_dir() to improve
readability and ease further changes to these functions.  This is in
preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Error handling in fs/sysfs/bin.c:write() was wrong because size_t
count is used to receive return value from flush_write() which is
negative on failure.

This patch updates write() such that int variable is used instead.
read() is updated the same way for consistency.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Make sysfs_put() ignore NULL sd instead of oopsing.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs used simple incrementing allocator which is not guaranteed to be
unique.  This patch makes sysfs use ida to give each sd a unique and
packed inode number.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

There is no reason this function should be inlined and soon to follow
sysfs object reference simplification will make it heavier.  Move it
to dir.c.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Allowing attribute and symlink dentries to be reclaimed means
sd->s_dentry can change dynamically.  However, updates to the field
are unsynchronized leading to race conditions.  This patch adds
sysfs_lock and use it to synchronize updates to sd->s_dentry.

Due to the locking around ->d_iput, the check in sysfs_drop_dentry()
is complex.  sysfs_lock only protect sd->s_dentry pointer itself.  The
validity of the dentry is protected by dcache_lock, so whether dentry
is alive or not can only be tested while holding both locks.

This is minimal backport of sysfs_drop_dentry() rewrite in devel
branch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The condition check doesn't make much sense as it basically always
succeeds.  This causes NULL dereferencing on certain cases.  It seems
that parentheses are put in the wrong place.  Fix it.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Backport of
ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/akpm/patches/2.6/2.6.22-rc1/2.6.22-rc1-mm1/broken-out/gregkh-driver-sysfs-allocate-inode-number-using-ida.patch

For regular files in sysfs, sysfs_readdir wants to traverse
sysfs_dirent->s_dentry->d_inode->i_ino to get to the inode number.
But, the dentry can be reclaimed under memory pressure, and there is
no synchronization with readdir.  This patch follows Tejun's scheme of
allocating and storing an inode number in the new s_ino member of a
sysfs_dirent, when dirents are created, and retrieving it from there
for readdir, so that the pointer chain doesn't have to be traversed.

Tejun's upstream patch uses a new-ish "ida" allocator which brings
along some extra complexity; this -stable patch has a brain-dead
incrementing counter which does not guarantee uniqueness, but because
sysfs doesn't hash inodes as iunique expects, uniqueness wasn't
guaranteed today anyway.
Signed-off-by: NEric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

First thing mm.h does is including sched.h solely for can_do_mlock() inline
function which has "current" dereference inside. By dealing with can_do_mlock()
mm.h can be detached from sched.h which is good. See below, why.

This patch
a) removes unconditional inclusion of sched.h from mm.h
b) makes can_do_mlock() normal function in mm/mlock.c
c) exports can_do_mlock() to not break compilation
d) adds sched.h inclusions back to files that were getting it indirectly.
e) adds less bloated headers to some files (asm/signal.h, jiffies.h) that were
   getting them indirectly

Net result is:
a) mm.h users would get less code to open, read, preprocess, parse, ... if
   they don't need sched.h
b) sched.h stops being dependency for significant number of files:
   on x86_64 allmodconfig touching sched.h results in recompile of 4083 files,
   after patch it's only 3744 (-8.3%).

Cross-compile tested on

	all arm defconfigs, all mips defconfigs, all powerpc defconfigs,
	alpha alpha-up
	arm
	i386 i386-up i386-defconfig i386-allnoconfig
	ia64 ia64-up
	m68k
	mips
	parisc parisc-up
	powerpc powerpc-up
	s390 s390-up
	sparc sparc-up
	sparc64 sparc64-up
	um-x86_64
	x86_64 x86_64-up x86_64-defconfig x86_64-allnoconfig

as well as my two usual configs.
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Cleanup using simple_read_from_buffer() in binfmt_misc, configfs, and sysfs.

Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We need to work on cleaning up the relationship between kobjects, ksets and
ktypes.  The removal of 'struct subsystem' is the first step of this,
especially as it is not really needed at all.

Thanks to Kay for fixing the bugs in this patch.
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Fix sysfs printk format warning:
fs/sysfs/bin.c:62: warning: format '%d' expects type 'int', but argument 4 has type 'size_t'
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Prevent permission checking from being performed when the kernel wants to
unconditionally remove a sysfs group, by introducing an kernel-only variant
of lookup_one_len(), lookup_one_len_kern().

Additionally, as sysfs_remove_group() does not check the return value of
the lookup before using it, a BUG_ON has been added to pinpoint the cause
of any problems potentially caused by this (and as a form of annotation).
Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Nagendra Singh Tomar <nagendra_tomar@adaptec.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This patch (as896b) fixes an oversight in the design of
device_schedule_callback().  It is necessary to acquire a reference to the
module owning the callback routine, to prevent the module from being
unloaded before the callback can run.
Signed-off-by: NAlan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Satyam Sharma <satyam.sharma@gmail.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

fs/sysfs/bin.c: In function 'read':
fs/sysfs/bin.c:77: warning: format '%zd' expects type 'signed size_t', but argument 4 has type 'int'
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This patch (as869) reinstates the mutual exclusion between sysfs
attribute method calls and attribute unregistration.  The
previously-reported deadlocks have been fixed, and this exclusion is
by far the simplest way to avoid races during driver unbinding.

The check for orphaned read-buffers has been moved down slightly, so
that the remainder of a partially-read buffer will still be available
to userspace even after the attribute has been unregistered.
Signed-off-by: NAlan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch (as868) adds a helper routine for device drivers that need
to set up a callback to perform some action in a different process's
context.  This is intended for use by attribute methods that want to
unregister themselves or their parent device.  Attribute method calls
are mutually exclusive with unregistration, so such actions cannot be
taken directly.

Two attribute methods are converted to use the new helper routine: one
for SCSI device deletion and one for System/390 ccwgroup devices.
Signed-off-by: NAlan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Suspend deadlocks when trying to unregister /sys/block/sr0.

This comes from Oliver's commit 94bebf4d
"Driver core: fix race in sysfs between sysfs_remove_file() and
read()/write()".

sysfs_write_file downs buffer->sem while calling flush_write_buffer, and
flushing that particular write buffer entails downing buffer->sem in
orphan_all_buffers, resulting in the obvious self-deadlock.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Any attempt to open/use a bluetooth rfcomm device locks up
scheduling completely on my machine.

Interrupts (ping, alt-sysrq) seem to be alive, but nothing else.

This was working fine in 2.6.20, broken now in 2.6.21-rc2-git*

Reverting this change (below) fixes it:

| author    Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
|      Sat, 17 Feb 2007 22:58:57 +0000 (23:58 +0100)
| committer    David S. Miller <davem@sunset.davemloft.net>
|      Mon, 26 Feb 2007 19:42:41 +0000 (11:42 -0800)
| commit    c1a33136
| tree    337a876f727061362b6a169f8759849c105b8f7a    tree | snapshot
| parent    f5ffd462    commit | diff
| | [Bluetooth] Make use of device_move() for RFCOMM TTY devices
| | In the case of bound RFCOMM TTY devices the parent is not available
| before its usage. So when opening a RFCOMM TTY device, move it to
| the corresponding ACL device as a child. When closing the device,
| move it back to the virtual device tree.
| Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>

The simplest fix for this bug is to prevent sysfs_move_dir()
from self-deadlocking when (old_parent == new_parent).

This patch prevents total system lockup when using rfcomm devices.
Signed-off-by: NMark Lord <mlord@pobox.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch (as860) adds two new sysfs routines:
sysfs_add_file_to_group() and sysfs_remove_file_from_group().
A later patch adds code that uses the new routines.
Signed-off-by: NAlan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Maneesh Soni <maneesh@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>