Created a new BPF program type, BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS, and a corresponding
struct that allows BPF programs of this type to access some of the
socket's fields (such as IP addresses, ports, etc.). It uses the
existing bpf cgroups infrastructure so the programs can be attached per
cgroup with full inheritance support. The program will be called at
appropriate times to set relevant connections parameters such as buffer
sizes, SYN and SYN-ACK RTOs, etc., based on connection information such
as IP addresses, port numbers, etc.

Alghough there are already 3 mechanisms to set parameters (sysctls,
route metrics and setsockopts), this new mechanism provides some
distinct advantages. Unlike sysctls, it can set parameters per
connection. In contrast to route metrics, it can also use port numbers
and information provided by a user level program. In addition, it could
set parameters probabilistically for evaluation purposes (i.e. do
something different on 10% of the flows and compare results with the
other 90% of the flows). Also, in cases where IPv6 addresses contain
geographic information, the rules to make changes based on the distance
(or RTT) between the hosts are much easier than route metric rules and
can be global. Finally, unlike setsockopt, it oes not require
application changes and it can be updated easily at any time.

Although the bpf cgroup framework already contains a sock related
program type (BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK), I created the new type
(BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS) beccause the existing type expects to be called
only once during the connections's lifetime. In contrast, the new
program type will be called multiple times from different places in the
network stack code.  For example, before sending SYN and SYN-ACKs to set
an appropriate timeout, when the connection is established to set
congestion control, etc. As a result it has "op" field to specify the
type of operation requested.

The purpose of this new program type is to simplify setting connection
parameters, such as buffer sizes, TCP's SYN RTO, etc. For example, it is
easy to use facebook's internal IPv6 addresses to determine if both hosts
of a connection are in the same datacenter. Therefore, it is easy to
write a BPF program to choose a small SYN RTO value when both hosts are
in the same datacenter.

This patch only contains the framework to support the new BPF program
type, following patches add the functionality to set various connection
parameters.

This patch defines a new BPF program type: BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_OPS
and a new bpf syscall command to load a new program of this type:
BPF_PROG_LOAD_SOCKET_OPS.

Two new corresponding structs (one for the kernel one for the user/BPF
program):

/* kernel version */
struct bpf_sock_ops_kern {
        struct sock *sk;
        __u32  op;
        union {
                __u32 reply;
                __u32 replylong[4];
        };
};

/* user version
 * Some fields are in network byte order reflecting the sock struct
 * Use the bpf_ntohl helper macro in samples/bpf/bpf_endian.h to
 * convert them to host byte order.
 */
struct bpf_sock_ops {
        __u32 op;
        union {
                __u32 reply;
                __u32 replylong[4];
        };
        __u32 family;
        __u32 remote_ip4;     /* In network byte order */
        __u32 local_ip4;      /* In network byte order */
        __u32 remote_ip6[4];  /* In network byte order */
        __u32 local_ip6[4];   /* In network byte order */
        __u32 remote_port;    /* In network byte order */
        __u32 local_port;     /* In host byte horder */
};

Currently there are two types of ops. The first type expects the BPF
program to return a value which is then used by the caller (or a
negative value to indicate the operation is not supported). The second
type expects state changes to be done by the BPF program, for example
through a setsockopt BPF helper function, and they ignore the return
value.

The reply fields of the bpf_sockt_ops struct are there in case a bpf
program needs to return a value larger than an integer.
Signed-off-by: NLawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch allows userspace to do BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM on
BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,
BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS and
BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS.

The lookup returns a prog-id or map-id to the userspace.
The userspace can then use the BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID
or BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID to get a fd.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

A single BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD cmd is used to obtain the info
for both bpf_prog and bpf_map.  The kernel can figure out the
fd is associated with a bpf_prog or bpf_map.

The suggested struct bpf_prog_info and struct bpf_map_info are
not meant to be a complete list and it is not the goal of this patch.
New fields can be added in the future patch.

The focus of this patch is to create the interface,
BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD cmd for exposing the bpf_prog's and
bpf_map's info.

The obj's info, which will be extended (and get bigger) over time, is
separated from the bpf_attr to avoid bloating the bpf_attr.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID command to allow user to get a fd
from a bpf_map's ID.

bpf_map_inc_not_zero() is added and is called with map_idr_lock
held.

__bpf_map_put() is also added which has the 'bool do_idr_lock'
param to decide if the map_idr_lock should be acquired when
freeing the map->id.

In the error path of bpf_map_inc_not_zero(), it may have to
call __bpf_map_put(map, false) which does not need
to take the map_idr_lock when freeing the map->id.

It is currently limited to CAP_SYS_ADMIN which we can
consider to lift it in followup patches.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID command to allow user to get a fd
from a bpf_prog's ID.

bpf_prog_inc_not_zero() is added and is called with prog_idr_lock
held.

__bpf_prog_put() is also added which has the 'bool do_idr_lock'
param to decide if the prog_idr_lock should be acquired when
freeing the prog->id.

In the error path of bpf_prog_inc_not_zero(), it may have to
call __bpf_prog_put(map, false) which does not need
to take the prog_idr_lock when freeing the prog->id.

It is currently limited to CAP_SYS_ADMIN which we can
consider to lift it in followup patches.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch adds BPF_PROG_GET_NEXT_ID and BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_ID
to allow userspace to iterate all bpf_prog IDs and bpf_map IDs.

The API is trying to be consistent with the existing
BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY.

It is currently limited to CAP_SYS_ADMIN which we can
consider to lift it in followup patches.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch generates an unique ID for each created bpf_map.
The approach is similar to the earlier patch for bpf_prog ID.

It is worth to note that the bpf_map's ID and bpf_prog's ID
are in two independent ID spaces and both have the same valid range:
[1, INT_MAX).
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch generates an unique ID for each BPF_PROG_LOAD-ed prog.
It is worth to note that each BPF_PROG_LOAD-ed prog will have
a different ID even they have the same bpf instructions.

The ID is generated by the existing idr_alloc_cyclic().
The ID is ranged from [1, INT_MAX).  It is allocated in cyclic manner,
so an ID will get reused every 2 billion BPF_PROG_LOAD.

The bpf_prog_alloc_id() is done after bpf_prog_select_runtime()
because the jit process may have allocated a new prog.  Hence,
we need to ensure the value of pointer 'prog' will not be changed
any more before storing the prog to the prog_idr.

After bpf_prog_select_runtime(), the prog is read-only.  Hence,
the id is stored in 'struct bpf_prog_aux'.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently loading a cgroup skb eBPF program require a CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability while attaching the program to a cgroup only requires the
user have CAP_NET_ADMIN privilege. We can escape the capability
check when load the program just like socket filter program to make
the capability requirement consistent.

Change since v1:
Change the code style in order to be compliant with checkpatch.pl
preference
Signed-off-by: NChenbo Feng <fengc@google.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add a new field, "prog_flags", and an initial flag value
BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT.

When set, the verifier will enforce strict pointer alignment
regardless of the setting of CONFIG_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS.

The verifier, in this mode, will also use a fixed value of "2" in
place of NET_IP_ALIGN.

This facilitates test cases that will exercise and validate this part
of the verifier even when run on architectures where alignment doesn't
matter.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>

__vmalloc* allows users to provide gfp flags for the underlying
allocation.  This API is quite popular

  $ git grep "=[[:space:]]__vmalloc\|return[[:space:]]*__vmalloc" | wc -l
  77

The only problem is that many people are not aware that they really want
to give __GFP_HIGHMEM along with other flags because there is really no
reason to consume precious lowmemory on CONFIG_HIGHMEM systems for pages
which are mapped to the kernel vmalloc space.  About half of users don't
use this flag, though.  This signals that we make the API unnecessarily
too complex.

This patch simply uses __GFP_HIGHMEM implicitly when allocating pages to
be mapped to the vmalloc space.  Current users which add __GFP_HIGHMEM
are simplified and drop the flag.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307141020.29107-1-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Cristopher Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When iterating through a map, we need to find a key that does not exist
in the map so map_get_next_key will give us the first key of the map.
This often requires a lot of guessing in production systems.

This patch makes map_get_next_key return the first key when the key
pointer in the parameter is NULL.
Signed-off-by: NTeng Qin <qinteng@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 17bedab2 ("bpf: xdp: Allow head adjustment in XDP prog")
added the xdp_adjust_head bit to the BPF prog in order to tell drivers
that the program that is to be attached requires support for the XDP
bpf_xdp_adjust_head() helper such that drivers not supporting this
helper can reject the program. There are also drivers that do support
the helper, but need to check for xdp_adjust_head bit in order to move
packet metadata prepended by the firmware away for making headroom.

For these cases, the current check for xdp_adjust_head bit is insufficient
since there can be cases where the program itself does not use the
bpf_xdp_adjust_head() helper, but tail calls into another program that
uses bpf_xdp_adjust_head(). As such, the xdp_adjust_head bit is still
set to 0. Since the first program has no control over which program it
calls into, we need to assume that bpf_xdp_adjust_head() helper is used
upon tail calls. Thus, for the very same reasons in cb_access, set the
xdp_adjust_head bit to 1 when the main program uses tail calls.

Fixes: 17bedab2 ("bpf: xdp: Allow head adjustment in XDP prog")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit ff936a04 ("bpf: fix cb access in socket filter programs")
added a fix for socket filter programs such that in i) AF_PACKET the
20 bytes of skb->cb[] area gets zeroed before use in order to not leak
data, and ii) socket filter programs attached to TCP/UDP sockets need
to save/restore these 20 bytes since they are also used by protocol
layers at that time.

The problem is that bpf_prog_run_save_cb() and bpf_prog_run_clear_cb()
only look at the actual attached program to determine whether to zero
or save/restore the skb->cb[] parts. There can be cases where the
actual attached program does not access the skb->cb[], but the program
tail calls into another program which does access this area. In such
a case, the zero or save/restore is currently not performed.

Since the programs we tail call into are unknown at verification time
and can dynamically change, we need to assume that whenever the attached
program performs a tail call, that later programs could access the
skb->cb[], and therefore we need to always set cb_access to 1.

Fixes: ff936a04 ("bpf: fix cb access in socket filter programs")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There's no need to have struct bpf_map_type_list since
it just contains a list_head, the type, and the ops
pointer. Since the types are densely packed and not
actually dynamically registered, it's much easier and
smaller to have an array of type->ops pointer. Also
initialize this array statically to remove code needed
to initialize it.

In order to save duplicating the list, move it to the
types header file added by the previous patch and
include it in the same fashion.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There's no need to have struct bpf_prog_type_list since
it just contains a list_head, the type, and the ops
pointer. Since the types are densely packed and not
actually dynamically registered, it's much easier and
smaller to have an array of type->ops pointer. Also
initialize this array statically to remove code needed
to initialize it.

In order to save duplicating the list, move it to a new
header file and include it in the places needing it.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

development and testing of networking bpf programs is quite cumbersome.
Despite availability of user space bpf interpreters the kernel is
the ultimate authority and execution environment.
Current test frameworks for TC include creation of netns, veth,
qdiscs and use of various packet generators just to test functionality
of a bpf program. XDP testing is even more complicated, since
qemu needs to be started with gro/gso disabled and precise queue
configuration, transferring of xdp program from host into guest,
attaching to virtio/eth0 and generating traffic from the host
while capturing the results from the guest.

Moreover analyzing performance bottlenecks in XDP program is
impossible in virtio environment, since cost of running the program
is tiny comparing to the overhead of virtio packet processing,
so performance testing can only be done on physical nic
with another server generating traffic.

Furthermore ongoing changes to user space control plane of production
applications cannot be run on the test servers leaving bpf programs
stubbed out for testing.

Last but not least, the upstream llvm changes are validated by the bpf
backend testsuite which has no ability to test the code generated.

To improve this situation introduce BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN command
to test and performance benchmark bpf programs.

Joint work with Daniel Borkmann.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch adds hash of maps support (hashmap->bpf_map).
BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS is added.

A map-in-map contains a pointer to another map and lets call
this pointer 'inner_map_ptr'.

Notes on deleting inner_map_ptr from a hash map:

1. For BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC map-in-map, when deleting
   an inner_map_ptr, the htab_elem itself will go through
   a rcu grace period and the inner_map_ptr resides
   in the htab_elem.

2. For pre-allocated htab_elem (!BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC),
   when deleting an inner_map_ptr, the htab_elem may
   get reused immediately.  This situation is similar
   to the existing prealloc-ated use cases.

   However, the bpf_map_fd_put_ptr() calls bpf_map_put() which calls
   inner_map->ops->map_free(inner_map) which will go
   through a rcu grace period (i.e. all bpf_map's map_free
   currently goes through a rcu grace period).  Hence,
   the inner_map_ptr is still safe for the rcu reader side.

This patch also includes BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS to the
check_map_prealloc() in the verifier.  preallocation is a
must for BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT.  Hence, even we don't expect
heavy updates to map-in-map, enforcing BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC for map-in-map
is impossible without disallowing BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT from using
map-in-map first.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch adds a few helper funcs to enable map-in-map
support (i.e. outer_map->inner_map).  The first outer_map type
BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS is also added in this patch.
The next patch will introduce a hash of maps type.

Any bpf map type can be acted as an inner_map.  The exception
is BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY because the extra level of
indirection makes it harder to verify the owner_prog_type
and owner_jited.

Multi-level map-in-map is not supported (i.e. map->map is ok
but not map->map->map).

When adding an inner_map to an outer_map, it currently checks the
map_type, key_size, value_size, map_flags, max_entries and ops.
The verifier also uses those map's properties to do static analysis.
map_flags is needed because we need to ensure BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT
is using a preallocated hashtab for the inner_hash also.  ops and
max_entries are needed to generate inlined map-lookup instructions.
For simplicity reason, a simple '==' test is used for both map_flags
and max_entries.  The equality of ops is implied by the equality of
map_type.

During outer_map creation time, an inner_map_fd is needed to create an
outer_map.  However, the inner_map_fd's life time does not depend on the
outer_map.  The inner_map_fd is merely used to initialize
the inner_map_meta of the outer_map.

Also, for the outer_map:

* It allows element update and delete from syscall
* It allows element lookup from bpf_prog

The above is similar to the current fd_array pattern.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

no functional change.
move fixup_bpf_calls() to verifier.c
it's being refactored in the next patch
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We are going to split <linux/sched/signal.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/signal.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Long standing issue with JITed programs is that stack traces from
function tracing check whether a given address is kernel code
through {__,}kernel_text_address(), which checks for code in core
kernel, modules and dynamically allocated ftrace trampolines. But
what is still missing is BPF JITed programs (interpreted programs
are not an issue as __bpf_prog_run() will be attributed to them),
thus when a stack trace is triggered, the code walking the stack
won't see any of the JITed ones. The same for address correlation
done from user space via reading /proc/kallsyms. This is read by
tools like perf, but the latter is also useful for permanent live
tracing with eBPF itself in combination with stack maps when other
eBPF types are part of the callchain. See offwaketime example on
dumping stack from a map.

This work tries to tackle that issue by making the addresses and
symbols known to the kernel. The lookup from *kernel_text_address()
is implemented through a latched RB tree that can be read under
RCU in fast-path that is also shared for symbol/size/offset lookup
for a specific given address in kallsyms. The slow-path iteration
through all symbols in the seq file done via RCU list, which holds
a tiny fraction of all exported ksyms, usually below 0.1 percent.
Function symbols are exported as bpf_prog_<tag>, in order to aide
debugging and attribution. This facility is currently enabled for
root-only when bpf_jit_kallsyms is set to 1, and disabled if hardening
is active in any mode. The rationale behind this is that still a lot
of systems ship with world read permissions on kallsyms thus addresses
should not get suddenly exposed for them. If that situation gets
much better in future, we always have the option to change the
default on this. Likewise, unprivileged programs are not allowed
to add entries there either, but that is less of a concern as most
such programs types relevant in this context are for root-only anyway.
If enabled, call graphs and stack traces will then show a correct
attribution; one example is illustrated below, where the trace is
now visible in tooling such as perf script --kallsyms=/proc/kallsyms
and friends.

Before:

  7fff8166889d bpf_clone_redirect+0x80007f0020ed (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
         f5d80 __sendmsg_nocancel+0xffff006451f1a007 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.18.so)

After:

  7fff816688b7 bpf_clone_redirect+0x80007f002107 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fffa0575728 bpf_prog_33c45a467c9e061a+0x8000600020fb (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fffa07ef1fc cls_bpf_classify+0x8000600020dc (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff81678b68 tc_classify+0x80007f002078 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8164d40b __netif_receive_skb_core+0x80007f0025fb (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8164d718 __netif_receive_skb+0x80007f002018 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8164e565 process_backlog+0x80007f002095 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8164dc71 net_rx_action+0x80007f002231 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff81767461 __softirqentry_text_start+0x80007f0020d1 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff817658ac do_softirq_own_stack+0x80007f00201c (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff810a2c20 do_softirq+0x80007f002050 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff810a2cb5 __local_bh_enable_ip+0x80007f002085 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8168d452 ip_finish_output2+0x80007f002152 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8168ea3d ip_finish_output+0x80007f00217d (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff8168f2af ip_output+0x80007f00203f (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  [...]
  7fff81005854 do_syscall_64+0x80007f002054 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
  7fff817649eb return_from_SYSCALL_64+0x80007f002000 (/lib/modules/4.9.0-rc8+/build/vmlinux)
         f5d80 __sendmsg_nocancel+0xffff01c484812007 (/usr/lib64/libc-2.18.so)
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

If BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE flag is used in BPF_PROG_ATTACH command
to the given cgroup the descendent cgroup will be able to override
effective bpf program that was inherited from this cgroup.
By default it's not passed, therefore override is disallowed.

Examples:
1.
prog X attached to /A with default
prog Y fails to attach to /A/B and /A/B/C
Everything under /A runs prog X

2.
prog X attached to /A with allow_override.
prog Y fails to attach to /A/B with default (non-override)
prog M attached to /A/B with allow_override.
Everything under /A/B runs prog M only.

3.
prog X attached to /A with allow_override.
prog Y fails to attach to /A with default.
The user has to detach first to switch the mode.

In the future this behavior may be extended with a chain of
non-overridable programs.

Also fix the bug where detach from cgroup where nothing is attached
was not throwing error. Return ENOENT in such case.

Add several testcases and adjust libbpf.

Fixes: 30070984 ("cgroup: add support for eBPF programs")
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This work adds a number of tracepoints to paths that are either
considered slow-path or exception-like states, where monitoring or
inspecting them would be desirable.

For bpf(2) syscall, tracepoints have been placed for main commands
when they succeed. In XDP case, tracepoint is for exceptions, that
is, f.e. on abnormal BPF program exit such as unknown or XDP_ABORTED
return code, or when error occurs during XDP_TX action and the packet
could not be forwarded.

Both have been split into separate event headers, and can be further
extended. Worst case, if they unexpectedly should get into our way in
future, they can also removed [1]. Of course, these tracepoints (like
any other) can be analyzed by eBPF itself, etc. Example output:

  # ./perf record -a -e bpf:* sleep 10
  # ./perf script
  sock_example  6197 [005]   283.980322:      bpf:bpf_map_create: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=4 val=8 max=256 flags=0
  sock_example  6197 [005]   283.980721:       bpf:bpf_prog_load: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER ufd=5
  sock_example  6197 [005]   283.988423:   bpf:bpf_prog_get_type: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER
  sock_example  6197 [005]   283.988443: bpf:bpf_map_lookup_elem: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=[06 00 00 00] val=[00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00]
  [...]
  sock_example  6197 [005]   288.990868: bpf:bpf_map_lookup_elem: map type=ARRAY ufd=4 key=[01 00 00 00] val=[14 00 00 00 00 00 00 00]
       swapper     0 [005]   289.338243:    bpf:bpf_prog_put_rcu: prog=a5ea8fa30ea6849c type=SOCKET_FILTER

  [1] https://lwn.net/Articles/705270/Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch adds two helpers, bpf_map_area_alloc() and bpf_map_area_free(),
that are to be used for map allocations. Using kmalloc() for very large
allocations can cause excessive work within the page allocator, so i) fall
back earlier to vmalloc() when the attempt is considered costly anyway,
and even more importantly ii) don't trigger OOM killer with any of the
allocators.

Since this is based on a user space request, for example, when creating
maps with element pre-allocation, we really want such requests to fail
instead of killing other user space processes.

Also, don't spam the kernel log with warnings should any of the allocations
fail under pressure. Given that, we can make backend selection in
bpf_map_area_alloc() generic, and convert all maps over to use this API
for spots with potentially large allocation requests.

Note, replacing the one kmalloc_array() is fine as overflow checks happen
earlier in htab_map_alloc(), since it must also protect the multiplication
for vmalloc() should kmalloc_array() fail.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 7bd509e3 ("bpf: add prog_digest and expose it via
fdinfo/netlink") was recently discussed, partially due to
admittedly suboptimal name of "prog_digest" in combination
with sha1 hash usage, thus inevitably and rightfully concerns
about its security in terms of collision resistance were
raised with regards to use-cases.

The intended use cases are for debugging resp. introspection
only for providing a stable "tag" over the instruction sequence
that both kernel and user space can calculate independently.
It's not usable at all for making a security relevant decision.
So collisions where two different instruction sequences generate
the same tag can happen, but ideally at a rather low rate. The
"tag" will be dumped in hex and is short enough to introspect
in tracepoints or kallsyms output along with other data such
as stack trace, etc. Thus, this patch performs a rename into
prog_tag and truncates the tag to a short output (64 bits) to
make it obvious it's not collision-free.

Should in future a hash or facility be needed with a security
relevant focus, then we can think about requirements, constraints,
etc that would fit to that situation. For now, rework the exposed
parts for the current use cases as long as nothing has been
released yet. Tested on x86_64 and s390x.

Fixes: 7bd509e3 ("bpf: add prog_digest and expose it via fdinfo/netlink")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit aaac3ba9 ("bpf: charge user for creation of BPF maps and
programs") made a wrong assumption of charging against prog->pages.
Unlike map->pages, prog->pages are still subject to change when we
need to expand the program through bpf_prog_realloc().

This can for example happen during verification stage when we need to
expand and rewrite parts of the program. Should the required space
cross a page boundary, then prog->pages is not the same anymore as
its original value that we used to bpf_prog_charge_memlock() on. Thus,
we'll hit a wrap-around during bpf_prog_uncharge_memlock() when prog
is freed eventually. I noticed this that despite having unlimited
memlock, programs suddenly refused to load with EPERM error due to
insufficient memlock.

There are two ways to fix this issue. One would be to add a cached
variable to struct bpf_prog that takes a snapshot of prog->pages at the
time of charging. The other approach is to also account for resizes. I
chose to go with the latter for a couple of reasons: i) We want accounting
rather to be more accurate instead of further fooling limits, ii) adding
yet another page counter on struct bpf_prog would also be a waste just
for this purpose. We also do want to charge as early as possible to
avoid going into the verifier just to find out later on that we crossed
limits. The only place that needs to be fixed is bpf_prog_realloc(),
since only here we expand the program, so we try to account for the
needed delta and should we fail, call-sites check for outcome anyway.
On cBPF to eBPF migrations, we don't grab a reference to the user as
they are charged differently. With that in place, my test case worked
fine.

Fixes: aaac3ba9 ("bpf: charge user for creation of BPF maps and programs")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Geert rightfully complained that 7bd509e3 ("bpf: add prog_digest
and expose it via fdinfo/netlink") added a too large allocation of
variable 'raw' from bss section, and should instead be done dynamically:

  # ./scripts/bloat-o-meter kernel/bpf/core.o.1 kernel/bpf/core.o.2
  add/remove: 3/0 grow/shrink: 0/0 up/down: 33291/0 (33291)
  function                                     old     new   delta
  raw                                            -   32832  +32832
  [...]

Since this is only relevant during program creation path, which can be
considered slow-path anyway, lets allocate that dynamically and be not
implicitly dependent on verifier mutex. Move bpf_prog_calc_digest() at
the beginning of replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr() and also error handling
stays straight forward.
Reported-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch allows XDP prog to extend/remove the packet
data at the head (like adding or removing header).  It is
done by adding a new XDP helper bpf_xdp_adjust_head().

It also renames bpf_helper_changes_skb_data() to
bpf_helper_changes_pkt_data() to better reflect
that XDP prog does not work on skb.

This patch adds one "xdp_adjust_head" bit to bpf_prog for the
XDP-capable driver to check if the XDP prog requires
bpf_xdp_adjust_head() support.  The driver can then decide
to error out during XDP_SETUP_PROG.
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NJohn Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

General assumption is that single program can hold up to BPF_MAXINSNS,
that is, 4096 number of instructions. It is the case with cBPF and
that limit was carried over to eBPF. When recently testing digest, I
noticed that it's actually not possible to feed 4096 instructions
via bpf(2).

The check for > BPF_MAXINSNS was added back then to bpf_check() in
cbd35700 ("bpf: verifier (add ability to receive verification log)").
However, 09756af4 ("bpf: expand BPF syscall with program load/unload")
added yet another check that comes before that into bpf_prog_load(),
but this time bails out already in case of >= BPF_MAXINSNS.

Fix it up and perform the check early in bpf_prog_load(), so we can drop
the second one in bpf_check(). It makes sense, because also a 0 insn
program is useless and we don't want to waste any resources doing work
up to bpf_check() point. The existing bpf(2) man page documents E2BIG
as the official error for such cases, so just stick with it as well.

Fixes: 09756af4 ("bpf: expand BPF syscall with program load/unload")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When loading a BPF program via bpf(2), calculate the digest over
the program's instruction stream and store it in struct bpf_prog's
digest member. This is done at a point in time before any instructions
are rewritten by the verifier. Any unstable map file descriptor
number part of the imm field will be zeroed for the hash.

fdinfo example output for progs:

  # cat /proc/1590/fdinfo/5
  pos:          0
  flags:        02000002
  mnt_id:       11
  prog_type:    1
  prog_jited:   1
  prog_digest:  b27e8b06da22707513aa97363dfb11c7c3675d28
  memlock:      4096

When programs are pinned and retrieved by an ELF loader, the loader
can check the program's digest through fdinfo and compare it against
one that was generated over the ELF file's program section to see
if the program needs to be reloaded. Furthermore, this can also be
exposed through other means such as netlink in case of a tc cls/act
dump (or xdp in future), but also through tracepoints or other
facilities to identify the program. Other than that, the digest can
also serve as a base name for the work in progress kallsyms support
of programs. The digest doesn't depend/select the crypto layer, since
we need to keep dependencies to a minimum. iproute2 will get support
for this facility.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add new cgroup based program type, BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK. Similar to
BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB programs can be attached to a cgroup and run
any time a process in the cgroup opens an AF_INET or AF_INET6 socket.
Currently only sk_bound_dev_if is exported to userspace for modification
by a bpf program.

This allows a cgroup to be configured such that AF_INET{6} sockets opened
by processes are automatically bound to a specific device. In turn, this
enables the running of programs that do not support SO_BINDTODEVICE in a
specific VRF context / L3 domain.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Ahern <dsa@cumulusnetworks.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Code move and rename only; no functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Ahern <dsa@cumulusnetworks.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Allow for checking the owner_prog_type of a program array map. In some
cases bpf(2) can return -EINVAL /after/ the verifier passed and did all
the rewrites of the bpf program.

The reason that lets us fail at this late stage is that program array
maps are incompatible. Allow users to inspect this earlier after they
got the map fd through BPF_OBJ_GET command. tc will get support for this.

Also, display how much we charged the map with regards to RLIMIT_MEMLOCK.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Extend the bpf(2) syscall by two new commands, BPF_PROG_ATTACH and
BPF_PROG_DETACH which allow attaching and detaching eBPF programs
to a target.

On the API level, the target could be anything that has an fd in
userspace, hence the name of the field in union bpf_attr is called
'target_fd'.

When called with BPF_ATTACH_TYPE_CGROUP_INET_{E,IN}GRESS, the target is
expected to be a valid file descriptor of a cgroup v2 directory which
has the bpf controller enabled. These are the only use-cases
implemented by this patch at this point, but more can be added.

If a program of the given type already exists in the given cgroup,
the program is swapped automically, so userspace does not have to drop
an existing program first before installing a new one, which would
otherwise leave a gap in which no program is attached.

For more information on the propagation logic to subcgroups, please
refer to the bpf cgroup controller implementation.

The API is guarded by CAP_NET_ADMIN.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In mlx5e_create_rq(), when creating a new queue, we call bpf_prog_add() but
without checking the return value. bpf_prog_add() can fail since 92117d84
("bpf: fix refcnt overflow"), so we really must check it. Take the reference
right when we assign it to the rq from priv->xdp_prog, and just drop the
reference on error path. Destruction in mlx5e_destroy_rq() looks good, though.

Fixes: 86994156 ("net/mlx5e: XDP fast RX drop bpf programs support")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NSaeed Mahameed <saeedm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Provide a LRU version of the existing BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH
Signed-off-by: NMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Replace the custom u64_to_ptr() function with the u64_to_user_ptr()
macro.
Signed-off-by: NMickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 67f8b1dc ("net/mlx4_en: Refactor the XDP forwarding rings
scheme") added a bug in that the prog's reference count is not dropped
in the error path when mlx4_en_try_alloc_resources() is failing from
mlx4_xdp_set().

We previously took bpf_prog_add(prog, priv->rx_ring_num - 1), that we
need to release again. Earlier in the call path, dev_change_xdp_fd()
itself holds a reference to the prog as well (hence the '- 1' in the
bpf_prog_add()), so a simple atomic_sub() is safe to use here. When
an error is propagated, then bpf_prog_put() is called eventually from
dev_change_xdp_fd()

Fixes: 67f8b1dc ("net/mlx4_en: Refactor the XDP forwarding rings scheme")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In map_create(), we first find and create the map, then once that
suceeded, we charge it to the user's RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, and then fetch
a new anon fd through anon_inode_getfd(). The problem is, once the
latter fails f.e. due to RLIMIT_NOFILE limit, then we only destruct
the map via map->ops->map_free(), but without uncharging the previously
locked memory first. That means that the user_struct allocation is
leaked as well as the accounted RLIMIT_MEMLOCK memory not released.
Make the label names in the fix consistent with bpf_prog_load().

Fixes: aaac3ba9 ("bpf: charge user for creation of BPF maps and programs")
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>