Summary:
Fixed compile error in db/compaction.cc and db/compaction_picker.cc

Test Plan:
make

Summary:
This diff adds three sets of APIs to RocksDB.

= GetColumnFamilyMetaData =
* This APIs allow users to obtain the current state of a RocksDB instance on one column family.
* See GetColumnFamilyMetaData in include/rocksdb/db.h

= EventListener =
* A virtual class that allows users to implement a set of
  call-back functions which will be called when specific
  events of a RocksDB instance happens.
* To register EventListener, simply insert an EventListener to ColumnFamilyOptions::listeners

= CompactFiles =
* CompactFiles API inputs a set of file numbers and an output level, and RocksDB
  will try to compact those files into the specified level.

= Example =
* Example code can be found in example/compact_files_example.cc, which implements
  a simple external compactor using EventListener, GetColumnFamilyMetaData, and
  CompactFiles API.

Test Plan:
listener_test
compactor_test
example/compact_files_example
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=CompactFiles
db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=MetaData
db_test

Reviewers: ljin, igor, rven, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D24705

Summary: Enforce the accessier naming convention in functions in version_set.h

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang, rven, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28143

Summary:
...and fix all the errors :)

Jim suggested turning on -Wshadow because it helped him fix number of critical bugs in fbcode. I think it's a good idea to be -Wshadow clean.

Test Plan: compiles

Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, sdong, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27711

Summary:
Make compaction picker easier to test.
The basic idea is to separate a minimum subcomponent of Version to VersionStorageInfo, which just responsible to LSM tree. A stub VersionStorageInfo can then be easily created and passed into compaction picker so that we can check the outputs.

It now passes most tests. Still two things need to be done:
(1) deal with the FIFO compaction's file size.
(2) write an example test to make sure the interface can do the job.

Add a compaction_picker_test to make sure compaction picker codes can be easily unit tested.

Test Plan:
Pass all unit tests and compaction_picker_test

Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, igor, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27639

Summary: Apply InfoLogLevel to the logs in db/compaction_picker.cc

Test Plan: make

Reviewers: ljin, sdong, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27837

Summary: as title

Test Plan:
make release
I will run make all check for all stacked diffs before commit

Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27573

Summary: as title

Test Plan: running make all check

Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27549

Summary:
Previously, the log for Universal Compaction does not include the current
number of files in case the compaction is triggered by the number of files.
This diff includes the number of files in the log.

Test Plan:
make

Summary:
make compaction related options changeable. Most of changes are tedious,
following the same convention: grabs MutableCFOptions at the beginning
of compaction under mutex, then pass it throughout the job and register
it in SuperVersion at the end.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23349

Fix for:

[db/compaction_picker.cc:923]: (style) Unsigned variable
 'start_index' can't be negative so it is unnecessary to test it.
Signed-off-by: NDanny Al-Gaaf <danny.al-gaaf@bisect.de>

Summary: There is a possible overflow case in universal compaction picker. Use double to make the logic straight-forward

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, MarkCallaghan, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23817

Summary:
Now the file summary is too small for printing. Enlarge it.
To enable it, allow to pass a size to log buffer.

Test Plan:
Add a unit test.
make all check

Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D21723

Summary: Correct some comments and typos in RocksDB.

Test Plan: Inspection

Reviewers: sdong, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23133

N/A

Change-Id: I5b6f9c70aea7d3f3489328834fed323d41106d9f
Signed-off-by: Nliuhuahang <liuhuahang@zerus.co>

Summary:
I am currently working on a project that uses RocksDB. While debugging some perf issues, I came up across interesting compaction concurrency issue. Namely, I had 15 idle threads and a good comapction to do, but CompactionPicker returned "Compaction nothing to do". Here's how Internal stats looked:

    2014/08/22-08:08:04.551982 7fc7fc3f5700 ------- DUMPING STATS -------
    2014/08/22-08:08:04.552000 7fc7fc3f5700
    ** Compaction Stats [default] **
    Level   Files   Size(MB) Score Read(GB)  Rn(GB) Rnp1(GB) Write(GB) Wnew(GB) RW-Amp W-Amp Rd(MB/s) Wr(MB/s)  Rn(cnt) Rnp1(cnt) Wnp1(cnt) Wnew(cnt)  Comp(sec) Comp(cnt) Avg(sec) Stall(sec) Stall(cnt) Avg(ms)
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      L0     7/5        353   1.0      0.0     0.0      0.0       2.3      2.3    0.0   0.0      0.0      9.4        0         0         0         0        247        46    5.359       8.53          1 8526.25
      L1     2/2         86   1.3      2.6     1.9      0.7       2.6      1.9    2.7   1.3     24.3     24.0       39        19        71        52        109        11    9.938       0.00          0    0.00
      L2    26/0        833   1.3      5.7     1.7      4.0       5.2      1.2    6.3   3.0     15.6     14.2       47       112       147        35        373        44    8.468       0.00          0    0.00
      L3    12/0        505   0.1      0.0     0.0      0.0       0.0      0.0    0.0   0.0      0.0      0.0        0         0         0         0          0         0    0.000       0.00          0    0.00
     Sum    47/7       1778   0.0      8.3     3.6      4.6      10.0      5.4    8.1   4.4     11.6     14.1       86       131       218        87        728       101    7.212       8.53          1 8526.25
     Int     0/0          0   0.0      2.4     0.8      1.6       2.7      1.2   11.5   6.1     12.0     13.6       20        43        63        20        203        23    8.845       0.00          0    0.00
    Flush(GB): accumulative 2.266, interval 0.444
    Stalls(secs): 0.000 level0_slowdown, 0.000 level0_numfiles, 8.526 memtable_compaction, 0.000 leveln_slowdown_soft, 0.000 leveln_slowdown_hard
    Stalls(count): 0 level0_slowdown, 0 level0_numfiles, 1 memtable_compaction, 0 leveln_slowdown_soft, 0 leveln_slowdown_hard

    ** DB Stats **
    Uptime(secs): 336.8 total, 60.4 interval
    Cumulative writes: 61584000 writes, 6480589 batches, 9.5 writes per batch, 1.39 GB user ingest
    Cumulative WAL: 0 writes, 0 syncs, 0.00 writes per sync, 0.00 GB written
    Interval writes: 11235257 writes, 1175050 batches, 9.6 writes per batch, 259.9 MB user ingest
    Interval WAL: 0 writes, 0 syncs, 0.00 writes per sync, 0.00 MB written

To see what happened, go here: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/blob/47b452cfcf9b1487d41f886a98bc0d6f95587e90/db/compaction_picker.cc#L430
* The for loop started with level 1, because it has the worst score.
* PickCompactionBySize on L429 returned nullptr because all files were being compacted
* ExpandWhileOverlapping(c) returned true (because that's what it does when it gets nullptr!?)
* for loop break-ed, never trying compactions for level 2 :( :(

This bug was present at least since January. I have no idea how we didn't find this sooner.

Test Plan:
Unit testing compaction picker is hard. I tested this by running my service and observing L0->L1 and L2->L3 compactions in parallel. However, for long-term, I opened the task #4968469. @yhchiang is currently refactoring CompactionPicker, hopefully the new version will be unit-testable ;)

Here's how my compactions look like after the patch:

    2014/08/22-08:50:02.166699 7f3400ffb700 ------- DUMPING STATS -------
    2014/08/22-08:50:02.166722 7f3400ffb700
    ** Compaction Stats [default] **
    Level   Files   Size(MB) Score Read(GB)  Rn(GB) Rnp1(GB) Write(GB) Wnew(GB) RW-Amp W-Amp Rd(MB/s) Wr(MB/s)  Rn(cnt) Rnp1(cnt) Wnp1(cnt) Wnew(cnt)  Comp(sec) Comp(cnt) Avg(sec) Stall(sec) Stall(cnt) Avg(ms)
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      L0     8/5        404   1.5      0.0     0.0      0.0       4.3      4.3    0.0   0.0      0.0      9.6        0         0         0         0        463        88    5.260       0.00          0    0.00
      L1     2/2         60   0.9      4.8     3.9      0.8       4.7      3.9    2.4   1.2     23.9     23.6       80        23       131       108        204        19   10.747       0.00          0    0.00
      L2    23/3        697   1.0     11.6     3.5      8.1      10.9      2.8    6.4   3.1     17.7     16.6       95       242       317        75        669        92    7.268       0.00          0    0.00
      L3    58/14      2207   0.3      6.2     1.6      4.6       5.9      1.3    7.4   3.6     14.6     13.9       43       121       159        38        436        36   12.106       0.00          0    0.00
     Sum    91/24      3368   0.0     22.5     9.1     13.5      25.8     12.4   11.2   6.0     13.0     14.9      218       386       607       221       1772       235    7.538       0.00          0    0.00
     Int     0/0          0   0.0      3.2     0.9      2.3       3.6      1.3   15.3   8.0     12.4     13.7       24        66        89        23        266        27    9.838       0.00          0    0.00
    Flush(GB): accumulative 4.336, interval 0.444
    Stalls(secs): 0.000 level0_slowdown, 0.000 level0_numfiles, 0.000 memtable_compaction, 0.000 leveln_slowdown_soft, 0.000 leveln_slowdown_hard
    Stalls(count): 0 level0_slowdown, 0 level0_numfiles, 0 memtable_compaction, 0 leveln_slowdown_soft, 0 leveln_slowdown_hard

    ** DB Stats **
    Uptime(secs): 577.7 total, 60.1 interval
    Cumulative writes: 116960736 writes, 11966220 batches, 9.8 writes per batch, 2.64 GB user ingest
    Cumulative WAL: 0 writes, 0 syncs, 0.00 writes per sync, 0.00 GB written
    Interval writes: 11643735 writes, 1206136 batches, 9.7 writes per batch, 269.2 MB user ingest
    Interval WAL: 0 writes, 0 syncs, 0.00 writes per sync, 0.00 MB written

Yay for concurrent L0->L1 and L2->L3 compactions!

Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, ljin

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: yhchiang, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D22305

Summary: Replace unnecessary malloc with stack allocation

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D21771

* Script for building the unity.cc file via Makefile
* Unity executable Makefile target for testing builds
* Source code changes to fix compilation of unity build

Summary:
Make StatisticsImpl being able to forward stats to provided statistics
implementation. The main purpose is to allow us to collect internal
stats in the future even when user supplies custom statistics
implementation. It avoids intrumenting 2 sets of stats collection code.
One immediate use case is tuning advisor, which needs to collect some
internal stats, users may not be interested.

Test Plan:
ran db_bench and see stats show up at the end of run
Will run make all check since some tests rely on statistics

Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, igor

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D20145

Summary: Add a parameter path_id to DB::CompactRange(), to indicate where the output file should be placed to.

Test Plan: add a unit test

Reviewers: yhchiang, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: xjin, igor, dhruba, MarkCallaghan, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D20085

Summary: Add struct CompactionInputFiles to manage compaction input files.

Test Plan:
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=Compact
make db_test
./db_test

Reviewers: ljin, igor, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D20061

Summary:
This patch adds a target size parameter in options.db_paths and universal compaction will base it to determine which DB path to place a new file.
Level-style stays the same.

Test Plan: Add new unit tests

Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, dhruba, igor, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19869

Summary:
This patch include two fixes:
1. newly created Version will now takes the aggregated stats for average-value-size from the latest Version.
2. compensated size of a file is now computed only for newly created / loaded file, this addresses the issue where files are already sorted by their compensated file size but might sometimes observe some out-of-order due to later update on compensated file size.

Test Plan:
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=CompactionDele
./db_test

Reviewers: ljin, igor, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19557

Summary:
In this patch, we allow RocksDB to support multiple DB paths internally.
No user interface is supported yet so this patch is silent to users.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: igor, haobo, ljin, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18921

Summary:
Before this diff, we're deciding enable_compression in CompactionPicker and then we're deciding final compression type in DBImpl. This is kind of confusing.

After the diff, the final compression type will be decided in CompactionPicker.

The reason for this is that I want CompactFiles() to specify output compression type, so that people can mix and match compression styles in their compaction algorithms. This diff makes it much easier to do that.

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, yhchiang, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19137

Summary: files_by_size_ is sorted by time in case of universal compaction. However, Version::files_ is also sorted by time. So no need for files_by_size_

Test Plan:
1) make check with the change
2) make check with `assert(last_index == c->input_version_->files_[level].size() - 1);` in compaction picker

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, yhchiang, sdong, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19125

Summary: Code cleaning up, since we are already using __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS in printing uint64_t, change other places. Only logging is changed.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: dhruba, yhchiang, haobo, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19113

Summary:
This diff allows compaction to reclaim storage more effectively.
In the current design, compactions are mainly triggered based on
the file sizes.  However, since deletion entries does not have
value, files which have many deletion entries are less likely
to be compacted.  As a result, it may took a while to make
deletion entries to be compacted.

This diff address issue by compensating the size of deletion
entries during compaction process: the size of each deletion
entry in the compaction process is augmented by 2x average
value size.  The diff applies to both leveled and universal
compacitons.

Test Plan:
develop CompactionDeletionTrigger
make db_test
./db_test

Reviewers: haobo, igor, ljin, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19029

Summary:
As discussed in our internal group, we don't get much use of seek compaction at the moment, while it's making code more complicated and slower in some cases.

This diff removes seek compaction and (hopefully) all code that was introduced to support seek compaction.

There is one test case that relied on didIO information. I'll try to find another way to implement it.

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: sdong, haobo, yhchiang, ljin, dhruba

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19161

Summary:
We added multiple fields to FileMetaData recently and are planning to add more.
This refactoring separate the minimum information for accessing the file. This object is copyable (FileMetaData is not copyable since the ref counter). I hope this refactoring can enable further improvements:

(1) use it to design a more efficient data structure to speed up read queries.
(2) in the future, when we add information of storage level, we can easily do the encoding, instead of enlarge this structure, which might expand memory work set for file meta data.

The definition is same as current EncodedFileMetaData used in two level iterator, so now the logic in two level iterator is easier to understand.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: haobo, igor, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba, yhchiang

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18933

Summary:
Introducing new compaction style -- FIFO.

FIFO compaction style has write amplification of 1 (+1 for WAL) and it deletes the oldest files when the total DB size exceeds pre-configured values.

FIFO compaction style is suited for storing high-frequency event logs.

Test Plan: Added a unit test

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong

Reviewed By: dhruba

Subscribers: alberts, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18765

Summary:
Now that we have column families involved, we need to add extra context to every log message. They now start with "[column family name] log message"

Also added some logging that I think would be useful, like level summary after every flush (I often needed that when going through the logs).

Test Plan: make check + ran db_bench to confirm I'm happy with log output

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, ljin, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18303

Summary: Move several some common logging still in DB mutex to log buffer.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: haobo, igor, ljin, nkg-

Reviewed By: nkg-

CC: nkg-, yhchiang, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17439

Summary:
As it turns out, we need the call to ComputeCompactionScore (previously: Finalize) in CompactionPicker.

The issue caused a deadlock in db_stress: http://ci-builds.fb.com/job/rocksdb_crashtest/290/console

The last two lines before a deadlock were:
2014/03/18-22:43:41.481029 7facafbee700 (Original Log Time 2014/03/18-22:43:41.480989) Compaction nothing to do
2014/03/18-22:43:41.481041 7faccf7fc700 wait for fewer level0 files...

"Compaction nothing to do" and other thread waiting for fewer level0 files. Hm hm.

I moved the pre-sorting to SaveTo, which should fix both the original and the new issue.

Test Plan: make check for now, will run db_stress in jenkins

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17037

Summary:
We have an issue with internal service trying to run compaction with zero input files:
2014/02/07-02:26:58.386531 7f79117ec700 Compaction start summary: Base version 1420 Base level 3, seek compaction:0, inputs:[ϛ~^Qy^?],[]
2014/02/07-02:26:58.386539 7f79117ec700 Compacted 0@3 + 0@4 files => 0 bytes

There are two issues:
* inputsummary is printing out junk
* it's constantly retrying (since I guess madeProgress is true), so it prints out a lot of data in the LOG file (40GB in one day).

I read through the Level compaction picker and added some failure condition if input[0] is empty. I think PickCompaction() should not return compaction with zero input files with this change. I'm not confident enough to add an assertion though :)

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, kailiu

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16005

Summary:
Finalize re-sorts (read: mutates) the files_ in Version* and it is called by CompactionPicker during normal runtime. At the same time, this same Version* lives in the SuperVersion* and is accessed without the mutex in GetImpl() code path.

Mutating the files_ in one thread and reading the same files_ in another thread is a bad idea. It caused this issue: http://ci-builds.fb.com/job/rocksdb_crashtest/285/console

Long-term, we need to be more careful with method contracts and clearly document what state can be mutated when. Now that we are much faster because we don't lock in GetImpl(), we keep running into data races that were not a problem before when we were slower. db_stress has been very helpful in detecting those.

Short-term, I removed Finalize() from CompactionPicker.

Note: I believe this is an issue in current 2.7 version running in production.

Test Plan:
make check
Will also run db_stress to see if issue is gone

Reviewers: sdong, ljin, dhruba, haobo

Reviewed By: sdong

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16983

Summary:
I'm cleaning up some code preparing for the big diff review tomorrow. This is the first part of the cleanup.

Changes are mostly cosmetic. The goal is to decrease amount of code difference between columnfamilies and master branch.

This diff also fixes race condition when dropping column family.

Test Plan: Ran db_stress with variety of parameters

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16833

Summary: Moved LogBuffer class to an internal header. Removed some unneccesary indirection. Enabled log buffer for BackgroundCallFlush. Forced log buffer flush right after Unlock to improve time ordering of info log.

Test Plan: make check; db_bench compare LOG output

Reviewers: sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

CC: leveldb, igor

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16707