Summary:
This diff addresses task #4296714 and rethinks how users provide us with TablePropertiesCollectors as part of Options.

Here's description of task #4296714:
       I'm debugging #4295529 and noticed that our count of user properties kDeletedKeys is wrong. We're sharing one single InternalKeyPropertiesCollector with all Table Builders. In LOG Files, we're outputting number of kDeletedKeys as connected with a single table, while it's actually the total count of deleted keys since creation of the DB.

       For example, this table has 3155 entries and 1391828 deleted keys.

The problem with current approach that we call methods on a single TablePropertiesCollector for all the tables we create. Even worse, we could do it from multiple threads at the same time and TablePropertiesCollector has no way of knowing which table we're calling it for.

Good part: Looks like nobody inside Facebook is using Options::table_properties_collectors. This means we should be able to painfully change the API.

In this change, I introduce TablePropertiesCollectorFactory. For every table we create, we call `CreateTablePropertiesCollector`, which creates a TablePropertiesCollector for a single table. We then use it sequentially from a single thread, which means it doesn't have to be thread-safe.

Test Plan:
Added a test in table_properties_collector_test that fails on master (build two tables, assert that kDeletedKeys count is correct for the second one).
Also, all other tests

Reviewers: sdong, dhruba, haobo, kailiu

Reviewed By: kailiu

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18579

Summary:
Originally: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/87/files

I'm taking over to apply some finishing touches

Test Plan: will add tests

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, yhchiang, ljin

Reviewed By: yhchiang

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18315

Summary: Fix the sigfault when running sst_dump on v2.6 db.

Test Plan:
    git checkout bba6595b
    make clean
    make db_bench
    ./db_bench --db=/tmp/some/db --benchmarks=fillseq
    arc patch D18039
    make clean
    make sst_dump
    ./sst_dump --file=/tmp/some/db --command=check

Reviewers: igor, haobo, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18039

Summary:
From 2.6 to 2.7, property block name is renamed from rocksdb.stats to rocksdb.properties. Older properties were not able to be loaded. In 2.8, we seem to have added some logic that uses property block without checking null pointers, which create segment faults.

In this patch, we fix it by:
(1) try rocksdb.stats if rocksdb.properties is not found
(2) add some null checking before consuming rep->table_properties

Test Plan: make sure a file generated in 2.7 couldn't be opened now can be opened.

Reviewers: haobo, igor, yhchiang

Reviewed By: igor

CC: ljin, xjin, dhruba, kailiu, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17961

Summary: Provide a public API for users to access the table properties for each SSTable.

Test Plan: Added a unit tests to test the function correctness under differnet conditions.

Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, sdong

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16083

Summary:
We are going to expose properties of all tables to end users through "some" db interface.
However, current design doesn't naturally fit for this need, which is because:

1. If a table presents in table cache, we cannot simply return the reference to its table properties, because the table may be destroy after compaction (and we don't want to hold the ref of the version).
2. Copy table properties is OK, but it's slow.

Thus in this diff, I change the table reader's interface to return a shared pointer (for const table properties), instead a const refernce.

Test Plan: `make check` passed

Reviewers: haobo, sdong, dhruba

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15999

Summary:
This diff enables the command line tool `sst_dump` to work for sst files
under plain table format.  Changes include:
  * In tools/sst_dump.cc:
    - add support for plain table format
    - display prefix_extractor information when --show_properties is on
  * In table/format.cc
    - Now the table magic number of a Footer can be later initialized
      via ReadFooterFromFile().
  * In table/meta_bocks:
    - add function ReadTableMagicNumber() that reads the magic number of
      the specified file.

Minor fixes:
 - remove a duplicate #include in table/table_test.cc
 - fix a commentary typo in include/rocksdb/memtablerep.h
 - fix lint errors.

Test Plan:
Runs sst_dump with both block-based and plain-table format files with
different arguments, specifically those with --show-properties and --from.

* sample output:
  https://reviews.facebook.net/P261

Reviewers: kailiu, sdong, xjin

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15903

Summary:
Addressed all the issues in https://reviews.facebook.net/D15447.
Now most table-related modules are hidden from user land.

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: sdong, haobo, dhruba

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15525

Summary:
Some changes to PlainTable format:
(1) support variable key length
(2) use user defined slice transformer to extract prefixes
(3) Run some test cases against PlainTable in db_test and table_test

Test Plan: test db_test

Reviewers: haobo, kailiu

CC: dhruba, igor, leveldb, nkg-

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14457

Summary:
This is the last diff that adds the property block to plain table.
The format resembles that of the block-based table: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki/Rocksdb-table-format

  [data block]
  [meta block 1: stats block]
  [meta block 2: future extended block]
  ...
  [meta block K: future extended block]  (we may add more meta blocks in the future)
  [metaindex block]
  [index block: we only have the placeholder here, we can add persistent index block in the future]
  [Footer: contains magic number, handle to metaindex block and index block]
  <end_of_file>

Test Plan: extended existing property block test.

Reviewers: haobo, sdong, dhruba

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14523

Summary: This change will allow other table to reuse the code for meta blocks.

Test Plan: all existing unit tests passed

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14475