Merge pull request dotnet/corefx#14537 from jamesqo/more-xml-docs

Add XML docs to some Linq iterators

Commit migrated from https://github.com/dotnet/corefx/commit/67414d80dc82f933c9d45beb2d1e9cabac430162

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/AppendPrepend.cs

@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TSource> Prepend<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> so
             return new AppendPrepend1Iterator<TSource>(source, element, false);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the insertion of one or more items before or after an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private abstract class AppendPrependIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             protected readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;
@@ -92,6 +96,10 @@ public override void Dispose()
             public abstract int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the insertion of an item before or after an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private class AppendPrepend1Iterator<TSource> : AppendPrependIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly TSource _item;
@@ -260,8 +268,17 @@ public override int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An immutable node in a singly-linked list of items.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the node's item.</typeparam>
         private sealed class SingleLinkedNode<TSource>
         {
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Constructs a node linked to the tail node.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="first">The first item, to be placed in the tail node.</param>
+            /// <param name="second">The second item, to be placed in this node.</param> 
             public SingleLinkedNode(TSource first, TSource second)
             {
                 Linked = new SingleLinkedNode<TSource>(first);
@@ -269,12 +286,21 @@ public SingleLinkedNode(TSource first, TSource second)
                 Count = 2;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Constructs a tail node.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="item">The item to place in the tail node.</param>
             public SingleLinkedNode(TSource item)
             {
                 Item = item;
                 Count = 1;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Constructs a node linked to the specified node.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="linked">The linked node.</param>
+            /// <param name="item">The item to place in this node.</param>
             private SingleLinkedNode(SingleLinkedNode<TSource> linked, TSource item)
             {
                 Debug.Assert(linked != null);
@@ -283,19 +309,38 @@ private SingleLinkedNode(SingleLinkedNode<TSource> linked, TSource item)
                 Count = linked.Count + 1;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The item held by this node.
+            /// </summary>
             public TSource Item { get; }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The next node in the singly-linked list.
+            /// </summary>
             public SingleLinkedNode<TSource> Linked { get; }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The number of items stored in this and subsequent nodes.
+            /// </summary>
             public int Count { get; }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Creates a new node that holds the specified item and is linked to this node.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="item">The item to place in the new node.</param>
             public SingleLinkedNode<TSource> Add(TSource item) => new SingleLinkedNode<TSource>(this, item);
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Gets an <see cref="IEnumerator{TSource}"/> that enumerates the items of this node's singly-linked list in reverse.
+            /// </summary>
             public IEnumerator<TSource> GetEnumerator()
             {
                 return ((IEnumerable<TSource>)ToArray()).GetEnumerator();
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Returns an <see cref="T:TSource[]"/> that contains the items of this node's singly-linked list in reverse.
+            /// </summary>
             public TSource[] ToArray()
             {
                 TSource[] array = new TSource[Count];
@@ -311,6 +356,10 @@ public TSource[] ToArray()
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the insertion of multiple items before or after an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private class AppendPrependN<TSource> : AppendPrependIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly SingleLinkedNode<TSource> _prepended;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Buffer.cs

@@ -6,11 +6,26 @@
 
 namespace System.Linq
 {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A buffer into which the contents of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TElement}"/> can be stored.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TElement">The type of the buffer's elements.</typeparam>
     internal struct Buffer<TElement>
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The stored items.
+        /// </summary>
         internal readonly TElement[] _items;
+        
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The number of stored items.
+        /// </summary>
         internal readonly int _count;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Fully enumerates the provided enumerable and stores its items into an array.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="source">The enumerable to be store.</param>
         internal Buffer(IEnumerable<TElement> source)
         {
             IIListProvider<TElement> iterator = source as IIListProvider<TElement>;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Concat.cs

@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TSource> Concat<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> fir
             return new Concat2EnumerableIterator<TSource>(first, second);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the concatenation of two <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private sealed class Concat2EnumerableIterator<TSource> : ConcatIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _first;
@@ -83,6 +87,11 @@ internal override IEnumerable<TSource> GetEnumerable(int index)
         // only have to traverse all of the previous sources once per chained enumerable.  An
         // alternative would be to use an array to store all of the enumerables, but this has
         // a much better memory profile and without much additional run-time cost.
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the concatenation of three or more <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private sealed class ConcatNEnumerableIterator<TSource> : ConcatIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly ConcatIterator<TSource> _previousConcat;
@@ -162,6 +171,10 @@ internal override IEnumerable<TSource> GetEnumerable(int index)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the concatenation of two <see cref="ICollection{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source collections.</typeparam>
         private sealed class Concat2CollectionIterator<TSource> : ConcatIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly ICollection<TSource> _first;
@@ -232,6 +245,10 @@ public override TSource[] ToArray()
             public override int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap) => Count; // Getting the count is always cheap.
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the concatenation of three or more <see cref="ICollection{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source collections.</typeparam>
         private sealed class ConcatNCollectionIterator<TSource> : ConcatIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly ConcatIterator<TSource> _previous;
@@ -387,6 +404,10 @@ public override TSource[] ToArray()
             public override int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap) => Count; // Getting the count is always cheap relative to manually iterating.
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Represents the concatenation of two or more <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private abstract class ConcatIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private IEnumerator<TSource> _enumerator;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Distinct.cs

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TSource> Distinct<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> s
             return new DistinctIterator<TSource>(source, comparer);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields the distinct values in an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private sealed class DistinctIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Iterator.cs

@@ -9,30 +9,74 @@ namespace System.Linq
 {
     public static partial class Enumerable
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A base class for enumerables that are loaded on-demand.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of each item to yield.</typeparam>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// <list type="bullet">
+        /// <item><description>
+        /// The value of an iterator is immutable; the operation it represents cannot be changed.
+        /// </description></item>
+        /// <item><description>
+        /// However, an iterator also serves as its own enumerator, so the state of an iterator
+        /// may change as it is being enumerated.
+        /// </description></item>
+        /// <item><description>
+        /// Hence, state that is relevant to an iterator's value should be kept in readonly fields.
+        /// State that is relevant to an iterator's enumeration (such as the currently yielded item)
+        /// should be kept in non-readonly fields.
+        /// </description></item>
+        /// </list>
+        /// </remarks>
         internal abstract class Iterator<TSource> : IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly int _threadId;
             internal int _state;
             internal TSource _current;
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Iterator{TSource}"/> class.
+            /// </summary>
             protected Iterator()
             {
                 _threadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
             }
 
-            public TSource Current
-            {
-                get { return _current; }
-            }
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The item currently yielded by this iterator.
+            /// </summary>
+            public TSource Current => _current;
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Makes a shallow copy of this iterator.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <remarks>
+            /// This method is called if <see cref="GetEnumerator"/> is called more than once.
+            /// </remarks>
             public abstract Iterator<TSource> Clone();
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Puts this iterator in a state whereby no further enumeration will take place.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <remarks>
+            /// Derived classes should override this method if necessary to clean up any
+            /// mutable state they hold onto (for example, calling Dispose on other enumerators).
+            /// </remarks>
             public virtual void Dispose()
             {
                 _current = default(TSource);
                 _state = -1;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Gets the enumerator used to yield values from this iterator.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <remarks>
+            /// If <see cref="GetEnumerator"/> is called for the first time on the same thread
+            /// that created this iterator, the result will be this iterator. Otherwise, the result
+            /// will be a shallow copy of this iterator.
+            /// </remarks>
             public IEnumerator<TSource> GetEnumerator()
             {
                 Iterator<TSource> enumerator = _state == 0 && _threadId == Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId ? this : Clone();
@@ -40,27 +84,34 @@ public IEnumerator<TSource> GetEnumerator()
                 return enumerator;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Retrieves the next item in this iterator and yields it via <see cref="Current"/>.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <returns><c>true</c> if there was another value to be yielded; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
             public abstract bool MoveNext();
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Returns an enumerable that maps each item in this iterator based on a selector.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
+            /// <param name="selector">The selector used to map each item.</param>
             public virtual IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TResult>(Func<TSource, TResult> selector)
             {
                 return new SelectEnumerableIterator<TSource, TResult>(this, selector);
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Returns an enumerable that filters each item in this iterator based on a predicate.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="predicate">The predicate used to filter each item.</param>
             public virtual IEnumerable<TSource> Where(Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
             {
                 return new WhereEnumerableIterator<TSource>(this, predicate);
             }
 
-            object IEnumerator.Current
-            {
-                get { return Current; }
-            }
+            object IEnumerator.Current => Current;
 
-            IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
-            {
-                return GetEnumerator();
-            }
+            IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
 
             void IEnumerator.Reset()
             {

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Partition.cs

@@ -77,40 +77,36 @@ internal interface IPartition<TElement> : IIListProvider<TElement>
         TElement TryGetLast(out bool found);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents an enumerable with zero elements.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TElement">The element type.</typeparam>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// Returning an instance of this type is useful to quickly handle scenarios where it is known
+    /// that an operation will result in zero elements.
+    /// </remarks>
     internal sealed class EmptyPartition<TElement> : IPartition<TElement>, IEnumerator<TElement>
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A cached, immutable instance of an empty enumerable.
+        /// </summary>
         public static readonly IPartition<TElement> Instance = new EmptyPartition<TElement>();
 
         private EmptyPartition()
         {
         }
 
-        public IEnumerator<TElement> GetEnumerator()
-        {
-            return this;
-        }
+        public IEnumerator<TElement> GetEnumerator() => this;
 
-        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
-        {
-            return this;
-        }
+        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => this;
 
-        public bool MoveNext()
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+        public bool MoveNext() => false;
 
         [ExcludeFromCodeCoverage] // Shouldn't be called, and as undefined can return or throw anything anyway.
-        public TElement Current
-        {
-            get { return default(TElement); }
-        }
+        public TElement Current => default(TElement);
 
         [ExcludeFromCodeCoverage] // Shouldn't be called, and as undefined can return or throw anything anyway.
-        object IEnumerator.Current
-        {
-            get { return default(TElement); }
-        }
+        object IEnumerator.Current => default(TElement);
 
         void IEnumerator.Reset()
         {
@@ -122,15 +118,9 @@ void IDisposable.Dispose()
             // Do nothing.
         }
 
-        public IPartition<TElement> Skip(int count)
-        {
-            return this;
-        }
+        public IPartition<TElement> Skip(int count) => this;
 
-        public IPartition<TElement> Take(int count)
-        {
-            return this;
-        }
+        public IPartition<TElement> Take(int count) => this;
 
         public TElement TryGetElementAt(int index, out bool found)
         {
@@ -150,20 +140,11 @@ public TElement TryGetLast(out bool found)
             return default(TElement);
         }
 
-        public TElement[] ToArray()
-        {
-            return Array.Empty<TElement>();
-        }
+        public TElement[] ToArray() => Array.Empty<TElement>();
 
-        public List<TElement> ToList()
-        {
-            return new List<TElement>();
-        }
+        public List<TElement> ToList() => new List<TElement>();
 
-        public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
-        {
-            return 0;
-        }
+        public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap) => 0;
     }
 
     internal sealed class OrderedPartition<TElement> : IPartition<TElement>
@@ -245,6 +226,10 @@ public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
 
     public static partial class Enumerable
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields the items of part of an <see cref="IList{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
         private sealed class ListPartition<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IPartition<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IList<TSource> _source;
@@ -390,6 +375,10 @@ public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields the items of part of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private sealed class EnumerablePartition<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IPartition<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Range.cs

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ public static IEnumerable<int> Range(int start, int count)
             return new RangeIterator(start, count);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields a range of consecutive integers.
+        /// </summary>
         private sealed class RangeIterator : Iterator<int>, IPartition<int>
         {
             private readonly int _start;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Repeat.cs

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TResult> Repeat<TResult>(TResult element, int count)
             return new RepeatIterator<TResult>(element, count);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields the same item multiple times. 
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the item.</typeparam>
         private sealed class RepeatIterator<TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly int _count;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Reverse.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TSource> Reverse<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> so
             return new ReverseIterator<TSource>(source);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields the items of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/> in reverse.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         private sealed class ReverseIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Select.cs

@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ public static partial class Enumerable
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class SelectEnumerableIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IIListProvider<TResult>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;
@@ -192,6 +197,11 @@ public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of a <see cref="T:TSource[]"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source array.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class SelectArrayIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly TSource[] _source;
@@ -317,6 +327,11 @@ public TResult TryGetLast(out bool found)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of a <see cref="List{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class SelectListIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly List<TSource> _source;
@@ -459,6 +474,11 @@ public TResult TryGetLast(out bool found)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of an <see cref="IList{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class SelectIListIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly IList<TSource> _source;
@@ -612,6 +632,11 @@ public TResult TryGetLast(out bool found)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of an <see cref="IPartition{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source partition.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class SelectIPartitionIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly IPartition<TSource> _source;
@@ -787,6 +812,11 @@ public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that maps each item of part of an <see cref="IList{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         private sealed class SelectListPartitionIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IPartition<TResult>
         {
             private readonly IList<TSource> _source;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Set.cs

@@ -7,16 +7,51 @@
 
 namespace System.Linq
 {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A lightweight hash set.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TElement">The type of the set's items.</typeparam>
     internal sealed class Set<TElement>
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The comparer used to hash and compare items in the set.
+        /// </summary>
         private readonly IEqualityComparer<TElement> _comparer;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The hash buckets, which are used to index into the slots.
+        /// </summary>
         private int[] _buckets;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The slots, each of which store an item and its hash code.
+        /// </summary>
         private Slot[] _slots;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The number of items in this set.
+        /// </summary>
         private int _count;
+
 #if DEBUG
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether <see cref="Remove"/> has been called on this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// When <see cref="Remove"/> runs in debug builds, this flag is set to <c>true</c>.
+        /// Other methods assert that this flag is <c>false</c> in debug builds, because
+        /// they make optimizations that may not be correct if <see cref="Remove"/> is called
+        /// beforehand.
+        /// </remarks>
         private bool _haveRemoved;
 #endif
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Constructs a set that compares items with the specified comparer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="comparer">
+        /// The comparer. If this is <c>null</c>, it defaults to <see cref="EqualityComparer{TElement}.Default"/>.
+        /// </param>
         public Set(IEqualityComparer<TElement> comparer)
         {
             _comparer = comparer ?? EqualityComparer<TElement>.Default;
@@ -24,7 +59,13 @@ public Set(IEqualityComparer<TElement> comparer)
             _slots = new Slot[7];
         }
 
-        // If value is not in set, add it and return true; otherwise return false
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Attempts to add an item to this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="value">The item to add.</param>
+        /// <returns>
+        /// <c>true</c> if the item was not in the set; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
+        /// </returns>
         public bool Add(TElement value)
         {
 #if DEBUG
@@ -54,7 +95,13 @@ public bool Add(TElement value)
             return true;
         }
 
-        // If value is in set, remove it and return true; otherwise return false
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Attempts to remove an item from this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="value">The item to remove.</param>
+        /// <returns>
+        /// <c>true</c> if the item was in the set; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
+        /// </returns>
         public bool Remove(TElement value)
         {
 #if DEBUG
@@ -86,6 +133,9 @@ public bool Remove(TElement value)
             return false;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Expands the capacity of this set to double the current capacity, plus one.
+        /// </summary>
         private void Resize()
         {
             int newSize = checked((_count * 2) + 1);
@@ -103,6 +153,10 @@ private void Resize()
             _slots = newSlots;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates an array from the items in this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>An array of the items in this set.</returns>
         internal TElement[] ToArray()
         {
 #if DEBUG
@@ -117,6 +171,10 @@ internal TElement[] ToArray()
             return array;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a list from the items in this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>A list of the items in this set.</returns>
         internal List<TElement> ToList()
         {
 #if DEBUG
@@ -132,21 +190,40 @@ internal List<TElement> ToList()
             return list;
         }
 
-        internal int Count
-        {
-            get { return _count; }
-        }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The number of items in this set.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal int Count => _count;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the hash code of the provided value with its sign bit zeroed out, so that modulo has a positive result.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="value">The value to hash.</param>
+        /// <returns>The lower 31 bits of the value's hash code.</returns>
         internal int InternalGetHashCode(TElement value)
         {
             // Handle comparer implementations that throw when passed null
             return (value == null) ? 0 : _comparer.GetHashCode(value) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An entry in the hash set.
+        /// </summary>
         internal struct Slot
         {
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The hash code of the item.
+            /// </summary>
             internal int _hashCode;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// In the case of a hash collision, the index of the next slot to probe.
+            /// </summary>
             internal int _next;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// The item held by this slot.
+            /// </summary>
             internal TElement _value;
         }
     }

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Union.cs

@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ public static IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> firs
             return union != null && AreEqualityComparersEqual(comparer, union._comparer) ? union.Union(second) : new UnionIterator2<TSource>(first, second, comparer);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields distinct values from two or more <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private abstract class UnionIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             internal readonly IEqualityComparer<TSource> _comparer;
@@ -166,7 +170,11 @@ public int GetCount(bool onlyIfCheap)
                 return onlyIfCheap ? -1 : FillSet().Count;
             }
         }
-
+        
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields distinct values from two <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private sealed class UnionIterator2<TSource> : UnionIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _first;
@@ -206,6 +214,10 @@ internal override UnionIterator<TSource> Union(IEnumerable<TSource> next)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that yields distinct values from three or more <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerables.</typeparam>
         private sealed class UnionIteratorN<TSource> : UnionIterator<TSource>
         {
             private readonly UnionIterator<TSource> _previous;

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Utilities.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,13 @@ namespace System.Linq
     /// </summary>
     internal static class Utilities
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Decides if two equality comparers are equivalent.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of each comparer.</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="left">The first comparer.</param>
+        /// <param name="right">The second comparer.</param>
+        /// <returns><c>true</c> if the equality comparers are equal; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
         public static bool AreEqualityComparersEqual<TSource>(IEqualityComparer<TSource> left, IEqualityComparer<TSource> right)
         {
             if (left == right)
@@ -36,11 +43,33 @@ public static bool AreEqualityComparersEqual<TSource>(IEqualityComparer<TSource>
             return left.Equals(right);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Combines two predicates.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the predicate argument.</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="predicate1">The first predicate to run.</param>
+        /// <param name="predicate2">The second predicate to run.</param>
+        /// <returns>
+        /// A new predicate that will evaluate to <c>true</c> only if both the first and
+        /// second predicates return true. If the first predicate returns <c>false</c>,
+        /// the second predicate will not be run.
+        /// </returns>
         public static Func<TSource, bool> CombinePredicates<TSource>(Func<TSource, bool> predicate1, Func<TSource, bool> predicate2)
         {
             return x => predicate1(x) && predicate2(x);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Combines two selectors.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the first selector's argument.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TMiddle">The type of the second selector's argument.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the second selector's return value.</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="selector1">The first selector to run.</param>
+        /// <param name="selector2">The second selector to run.</param>
+        /// <returns>
+        /// A new selector that represents the composition of the first selector with the second selector.
+        /// </returns>
         public static Func<TSource, TResult> CombineSelectors<TSource, TMiddle, TResult>(Func<TSource, TMiddle> selector1, Func<TMiddle, TResult> selector2)
         {
             return x => selector2(selector1(x));

src/libraries/System.Linq/src/System/Linq/Where.cs

@@ -77,6 +77,10 @@ private static IEnumerable<TSource> WhereIterator<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters each item of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereEnumerableIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;
@@ -197,6 +201,10 @@ public override IEnumerable<TSource> Where(Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters each item of a <see cref="T:TSource[]"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source array.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereArrayIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private readonly TSource[] _source;
@@ -299,6 +307,10 @@ public override IEnumerable<TSource> Where(Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters each item of a <see cref="List{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereListIterator<TSource> : Iterator<TSource>, IIListProvider<TSource>
         {
             private readonly List<TSource> _source;
@@ -411,6 +423,11 @@ public override IEnumerable<TSource> Where(Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters, then maps, each item of a <see cref="T:TSource[]"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source array.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereSelectArrayIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IIListProvider<TResult>
         {
             private readonly TSource[] _source;
@@ -515,6 +532,11 @@ public List<TResult> ToList()
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters, then maps, each item of a <see cref="List{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source list.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereSelectListIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IIListProvider<TResult>
         {
             private readonly List<TSource> _source;
@@ -629,6 +651,11 @@ public List<TResult> ToList()
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An iterator that filters, then maps, each item of an <see cref="IEnumerable{TSource}"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="TSource">The type of the source enumerable.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the mapped items.</typeparam>
         internal sealed class WhereSelectEnumerableIterator<TSource, TResult> : Iterator<TResult>, IIListProvider<TResult>
         {
             private readonly IEnumerable<TSource> _source;