This new SVH is used to uniquely identify all crates as a snapshot in time of
their ABI/API/publicly reachable state. This current calculation is just a hash
of the entire crate's AST. This is obviously incorrect, but it is currently the
reality for today.

This change threads through the new Svh structure which originates from crate
dependencies. The concept of crate id hash is preserved to provide efficient
matching on filenames for crate loading. The inspected hash once crate metadata
is opened has been changed to use the new Svh.

The goal of this hash is to identify when upstream crates have changed but
downstream crates have not been recompiled. This will prevent the def-id drift
problem where upstream crates were recompiled, thereby changing their metadata,
but downstream crates were not recompiled.

In the future this hash can be expanded to exclude contents of the AST like doc
comments, but limitations in the compiler prevent this change from being made at
this time.

Closes #10207

This unfortunately changes an error like

    error: mismatched types: expected `&&NotClone` but found `&NotClone`

into

    error: type `NotClone` does not implement any method in scope named `clone`

Turns out we were just forgetting to encode the privacy for trais, and
everything without privacy defaults to public!

Closes #11593

If the main closure failed, then the `exit_code` variable would still be `None`,
and the `unwrap()` was failing (triggering a process abort). This changes the
`unwrap()` to an `unwrap_or()` in order to prevent process abort and detect when
the native task failed.

If there is a lot of data in thread-local storage some implementations
of pthreads (e.g. glibc) fail if you don't request a stack large enough
-- by adjusting for the minimum size we guarantee that our stacks are
always large enough. Issue #6233.

Closes #7246
Closes #7573

This is required by the check-fast target because each test is slurped up into a
submodule.

 - also removed redundant assignment to is_mutbl
 - updated copyright

Remove disr_val from ast::variant_ and always use ty::variant_info
when the value is needed.  Move what was done during parsing into
other passes, primary typeck.rs.  This move also correctly type checks
the disr. value expression; thus, fixing rustc --pretty=typed when
disr. values are used.