update Miri, and also run test suite with mir-opt-level=4

In the Miri repo, we run the Miri test suite once with default flags and once with `-O -Zmir-opt-level=4`. This helps identify and document situations where MIR optimizations mask UB -- it is okay for that to happen, but it might be god to look into it when it does happen. Recently these tests failed fairly frequently as new MIR optimizations were added, and since we only run them on the Miri side, it is not even clear which rustc PR introduced the change. So I propose we also run these tests in the rustc repo, such that toolstate tracking will tell us the exact PR (or at least the rollup) that caused the change.

r? `@oli-obk`
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/83590

unaligned_references: align(N) fields in packed(N) structs are fine

This removes some false positives from the unaligned_references lint: in a `repr(packed(2))` struct, fields of alignment 2 (and less) are guaranteed to be properly aligned, so we do not have to consider them "disaligned".

linker: Use data execution prevention options by default when linker supports them

Do it in a centralized way in `link.rs` instead of individual target specs.
r? `@nagisa`

Remove unnecessary `ignore-cloudabi` flag

...since we dropped the CloudABI support.

may not -> might not

may not -> might not

"may not" has two possible meanings:
1. A command: "You may not stay up past your bedtime."
2. A fact that's only sometimes true: "Some cities may not have bike lanes."

In some cases, the meaning is ambiguous: "Some cars may not have snow
tires." (do the cars *happen* to not have snow tires, or is it
physically impossible for them to have snow tires?)

This changes places where the standard library uses the "description of
fact" meaning to say "might not" instead.

This is just `std::vec` for now - if you think this is a good idea I can
convert the rest of the standard library.

Adjust documentation links for slice::make_ascii_*case

The documentation for the functions `slice::to_ascii_lowercase` and `slice::to_ascii_uppercase` contain the suggestion

> To lowercase the value in-place, use `make_ascii_lowercase`

however the link to the suggested method takes you to the page for `u8`, rather than the method of that name on the same page.

rustc_target: Avoid unwraps when adding linker flags

These `unwrap`s assume that some linker flags were already added by `*_base::opts()` methods, but that's doesn't necessarily remain the case when we are reducing the number of flags hardcoded in targets, as https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/83587 shows.

r? `@nagisa`

Fixes API soundness issue in join()

Fixes #80335

Instruct LLVM that binary_search returns a valid index

This allows removing bound checks when the return value of `binary_search` is used to index into the slice it was call on. I also added a codegen test for this, not sure if it's the right thing to do (I didn't find anything on the dev guide), but it felt so.

linker: Use `--as-needed` by default when linker supports it

Do it in a centralized way in `link.rs` instead of individual target specs.
Majority of relevant target specs were already passing it.

resolve: Partially unify early and late scope-relative identifier resolution

Reuse `early_resolve_ident_in_lexical_scope` instead of a chunk of code in `resolve_ident_in_lexical_scope` doing the same job.

`early_resolve_ident_in_lexical_scope`/`visit_scopes` had to be slightly extended to be able to 1) start from a specific module instead of the current parent scope and 2) report one deprecation lint.
`early_resolve_ident_in_lexical_scope` still doesn't support walking through "ribs", that part is left in `resolve_ident_in_lexical_scope` (moreover, I'm pretty sure it's buggy, but that's a separate issue, cc https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/52389 at least).

"may not" has two possible meanings:
1. A command: "You may not stay up past your bedtime."
2. A fact that's only sometimes true: "Some cities may not have bike lanes."

In some cases, the meaning is ambiguous: "Some cars may not have snow
tires." (do the cars *happen* to not have snow tires, or is it
physically impossible for them to have snow tires?)

This changes places where the standard library uses the "description of
fact" meaning to say "might not" instead.

This is just `std::vec` for now - if you think this is a good idea I can
convert the rest of the standard library.

Rollup of 8 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - #81351 (combine: stop eagerly evaluating consts)
 - #82525 (make unaligned_references future-incompat lint warn-by-default)
 - #82626 (update array missing `IntoIterator` msg)
 - #82917 (Add function core::iter::zip)
 - #82993 (rustdoc: Use diagnostics for error when including sources)
 - #83522 (Improve fs error open_from unix)
 - #83548 (Always preserve `None`-delimited groups in a captured `TokenStream`)
 - #83555 (Add #[inline] to io::Error methods)

Failed merges:

 - #83130 (escape_ascii take 2)

r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup

Add #[inline] to io::Error methods

Fixes #82812

Always preserve `None`-delimited groups in a captured `TokenStream`

Previously, we would silently remove any `None`-delimiters when
capturing a `TokenStream`, 'flattenting' them to their inner tokens.
This was not normally visible, since we usually have
`TokenKind::Interpolated` (which gets converted to a `None`-delimited
group during macro invocation) instead of an actual `None`-delimited
group.

However, there are a couple of cases where this becomes visible to
proc-macros:
1. A cross-crate `macro_rules!` macro has a `None`-delimited group
   stored in its body (as a result of being produced by another
   `macro_rules!` macro). The cross-crate `macro_rules!` invocation
   can then expand to an attribute macro invocation, which needs
   to be able to see the `None`-delimited group.
2. A proc-macro can invoke an attribute proc-macro with its re-collected
   input. If there are any nonterminals present in the input, they will
   get re-collected to `None`-delimited groups, which will then get
   captured as part of the attribute macro invocation.

Both of these cases are incredibly obscure, so there hopefully won't be
any breakage. This change will allow more agressive 'flattenting' of
nonterminals in #82608 without losing `None`-delimited groups.

Improve fs error open_from unix

Consistency for #79399
Suggested by JohnTitor

r? `@JohnTitor`

Not user if the error is too long now, do we handle long errors well?

rustdoc: Use diagnostics for error when including sources

This error probably almost never happens, but we should still use the
diagnostic infrastructure. My guess is that the error was added back
before rustdoc used the rustc diagnostic infrastructure (it was all
`println!` and `eprintln!` back then!) and since it likely rarely occurs
and this code doesn't change that much, no one thought to transition it
to using diagnostics.

Note that the old error was actually a warning (it didn't stop the rest
of doc building). It seems very unlikely that this would fail without
the rest of the doc build failing, so it makes more sense for it to be a
hard error.

The error looks like this:

    error: failed to render source code for `src/test/rustdoc/smart-punct.rs`: "bar": foo
      --> src/test/rustdoc/smart-punct.rs:3:1
       |
    3  | / #![crate_name = "foo"]
    4  | |
    5  | | //! This is the "start" of the 'document'! How'd you know that "it's" ...
    6  | | //!
    ...  |
    22 | | //! I say "don't smart-punct me -- please!"
    23 | | //! ```
       | |_______^

I wasn't sure how to trigger the error, so to create that message I
temporarily made rustdoc always emit it. That's also why it says "bar"
and "foo" instead of a real error message.

Note that the span of the diagnostic starts at line 3 because line 1 of
that file is a (non-doc) comment and line 2 is a blank line.

Add function core::iter::zip

This makes it a little easier to `zip` iterators:

```rust
for (x, y) in zip(xs, ys) {}
// vs.
for (x, y) in xs.into_iter().zip(ys) {}
```

You can `zip(&mut xs, &ys)` for the conventional `iter_mut()` and
`iter()`, respectively. This can also support arbitrary nesting, where
it's easier to see the item layout than with arbitrary `zip` chains:

```rust
for ((x, y), z) in zip(zip(xs, ys), zs) {}
for (x, (y, z)) in zip(xs, zip(ys, zs)) {}
// vs.
for ((x, y), z) in xs.into_iter().zip(ys).zip(xz) {}
for (x, (y, z)) in xs.into_iter().zip((ys.into_iter().zip(xz)) {}
```

It may also format more nicely, especially when the first iterator is a
longer chain of methods -- for example:

```rust
    iter::zip(
        trait_ref.substs.types().skip(1),
        impl_trait_ref.substs.types().skip(1),
    )
    // vs.
    trait_ref
        .substs
        .types()
        .skip(1)
        .zip(impl_trait_ref.substs.types().skip(1))
```

This replaces the tuple-pair `IntoIterator` in #78204.
There is prior art for the utility of this in [`itertools::zip`].

[`itertools::zip`]: https://docs.rs/itertools/0.10.0/itertools/fn.zip.html

update array missing `IntoIterator` msg

fixes #82602

r? ```@estebank``` do you know whether we can use the expr span in `rustc_on_unimplemented`? The label isn't too great rn

make unaligned_references future-incompat lint warn-by-default

and also remove the safe_packed_borrows lint that it replaces.

`std::ptr::addr_of!` has hit beta now and will hit stable in a month, so I propose we start fixing https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/27060 for real: creating a reference to a field of a packed struct needs to eventually become a hard error; this PR makes it a warn-by-default future-incompat lint. (The lint already existed, this just raises its default level.) At the same time I removed the corresponding code from unsafety checking; really there's no reason an `unsafe` block should make any difference here.

For references to packed fields outside `unsafe` blocks, this means `unaligned_refereces` replaces the previous `safe_packed_borrows` warning with a link to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/82523 (and no more talk about unsafe blocks making any difference). So behavior barely changes, the warning is just worded differently. For references to packed fields inside `unsafe` blocks, this PR shows a new future-incompat warning.

Closes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/46043 because that lint no longer exists.

combine: stop eagerly evaluating consts

`super_relate_consts` eagerly evaluates constants which doesn't seem too great.

I now also finally understand why all of the unused substs test passed. The reason being
that we just evaluated the constants in `super_relate_consts` 😆

While this change isn't strictly necessary as evaluating consts here doesn't hurt, it still feels a lot cleaner to do it this way

r? `@oli-obk` `@nikomatsakis`

update links to make_ascii_lowercase for slice to point to methods on the same type, rather than on u8

Rollup of 10 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - #79399 (Use detailed and shorter fs error explaination)
 - #83348 (format macro argument parsing fix)
 - #83462 (ExitStatus: print "exit status: {}" rather than "exit code: {}" on unix)
 - #83526 (lazily calls some fns)
 - #83558 (Use DebugStruct::finish_non_exhaustive() in std.)
 - #83559 (Fix Debug implementation for RwLock{Read,Write}Guard.)
 - #83560 (Derive Debug for io::Chain instead of manually implementing it.)
 - #83561 (Improve Debug implementations of Mutex and RwLock.)
 - #83567 (Update rustup cross-compilation docs link)
 - #83569 (Add regression tests for #56445)

Failed merges:

r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup

Add regression tests for #56445

Closes #56445.

Update rustup cross-compilation docs link

Improve Debug implementations of Mutex and RwLock.

This improves the Debug implementations of Mutex and RwLock.

They now show the poison flag and use debug_non_exhaustive. (See #67364.)

Derive Debug for io::Chain instead of manually implementing it.

This derives Debug for io::Chain instead of manually implementing it.

The manual implementation has the same bounds, so I don't think there's any reason for a manual implementation. The names used in the derive implementation are even nicer (`first`/`second`) than the manual implementation (`t`/`u`), and include the `done_first` field too.