This is part of the ongoing renaming of the equality traits. See #12517 for more
details. All code using Eq/Ord will temporarily need to move to Partial{Eq,Ord}
or the Total{Eq,Ord} traits. The Total traits will soon be renamed to {Eq,Ord}.

cc #12517

[breaking-change]

This was only ever a transitionary macro.

This commit moves reflection (as well as the {:?} format modifier) to a new
libdebug crate, all of which is marked experimental.

This is a breaking change because it now requires the debug crate to be
explicitly linked if the :? format qualifier is used. This means that any code
using this feature will have to add `extern crate debug;` to the top of the
crate. Any code relying on reflection will also need to do this.

Closes #12019

[breaking-change]

[breaking-change]

[breaking-change]

[breaking-change]

Had to make `struct Tm` in `libtime` not serializable for now.

1. Wherever the `buf` field of a `Formatter` was used, the `Formatter` is used
   instead.
2. The usage of `write_fmt` is minimized as much as possible, the `write!` macro
   is preferred wherever possible.
3. Usage of `fmt::write` is minimized, favoring the `write!` macro instead.

It was thought that these failures only happened on windows, turns out they
happen on any 32-bit machine.

cc #14064

See #14064 for some rationale, but the basic idea is that I suspect that there
is an LLVM codegen bug somewhere, and I'm not entirely sure why it's happening
intermittently rather than deterministically...

cc #14064

Tweak the tutorial's section on vectors and strings, to slightly clarify
the difference between fixed-size vectors, vectors, and slices.

API Changes:

- from_base64() returns Result<Vec<u8>, FromBase64Error>
- from_hex() returns Result<Vec<u8>, FromHexError>
- json::List is a Vec<Json>
- Decodable is no longer implemented on ~[T] (but Encodable still is)
- DecoderHelpers::read_to_vec() returns a Result<Vec<T>, E>

This commit adds a new trait, MutableVectorAllocating, which represents
functions on vectors which can allocate.

This is another extension trait to slices which should be removed once a lang
item exists for the ~ allocation.

for `~str`/`~[]`.

Note that `~self` still remains, since I forgot to add support for
`Box<self>` before the snapshot.

How to update your code:

* Instead of `~EXPR`, you should write `box EXPR`.

* Instead of `~TYPE`, you should write `Box<Type>`.

* Instead of `~PATTERN`, you should write `box PATTERN`.

[breaking-change]

Now that ~[T] is obsolete, we need to allow to_json() to work for
vectors.

- implement Encodable and Decodable for StrBuf
- implement to_json for StrBuf

Deprecate the rev_iter pattern in all places where a DoubleEndedIterator is provided (everywhere but treemap)

This commit deprecates rev_iter, mut_rev_iter, move_rev_iter everywhere (except treemap) and also
deprecates related functions like rsplit, rev_components, and rev_str_components. In every case,
these functions can be replaced with the non-reversed form followed by a call to .rev(). To make this
more concrete, a translation table for all functional changes necessary follows:

* container.rev_iter() -> container.iter().rev()
* container.mut_rev_iter() -> container.mut_iter().rev()
* container.move_rev_iter() -> container.move_iter().rev()
* sliceorstr.rsplit(sep) -> sliceorstr.split(sep).rev()
* path.rev_components() -> path.components().rev()
* path.rev_str_components() -> path.str_components().rev()

In terms of the type system, this change also deprecates any specialized reversed iterator types (except
in treemap), opting instead to use Rev directly if any type annotations are needed. However, since
methods directly returning reversed iterators are now discouraged, the need for such annotations should
be small. However, in those cases, the general pattern for conversion is to take whatever follows Rev in
the original reversed name and surround it with Rev<>:

* RevComponents<'a> -> Rev<Components<'a>>
* RevStrComponents<'a> -> Rev<StrComponents<'a>>
* RevItems<'a, T> -> Rev<Items<'a, T>>
* etc.

The reasoning behind this change is that it makes the standard API much simpler without reducing readability,
performance, or power. The presence of functions such as rev_iter adds more boilerplate code to libraries
(all of which simply call .iter().rev()), clutters up the documentation, and only helps code by saving two
characters. Additionally, the numerous type synonyms that were used to make the type signatures look nice
like RevItems add even more boilerplate and clutter up the docs even more. With this change, all that cruft
goes away.

[breaking-change]

Fixes #13064.

port all code over to use it.

There's a little more allocation here and there now since
from_utf8_owned can't be used with Vec.

Closes #2569

All of Decoder and Encoder's methods now return a Result.

Encodable.encode() and Decodable.decode() return a Result as well.

fixes #12292

This is all purely fallout of getting the previous commit to compile.

serialize: ref #12697 minor adj. to last char check + prettyencode test

Closes #12829. Names changed for consistency, find_path optimized, method impls refactored to reduce repitition.

Fixed formatting, reworked find_path to use fewer Options.

Removed stray tab.