This patch adds the necessary pieces to support rust on Bitrig https://bitrig.org

Continued from #22520

p=1 please

The old suffixes now issue warnings unless a feature-gate is given.

Fixes #22496.

r? @alexcrichton 

p=1 please

Take 2. This PR includes a bunch of refactoring that was part of an experimental branch implementing [implied bounds]. That particular idea isn't ready to go yet, but the refactoring proved useful for fixing #22246. The implied bounds branch also exposed #22110 so a simple fix for that is included here. I still think some more refactoring would be a good idea here -- in particular I think most of the code in wf.rs is kind of duplicating the logic in implicator and should go, but I decided to post this PR and call it a day before diving into that. I'll write a bit more details about the solutions I adopted in the various bugs. I patched the two issues I was concerned about, which was the handling of supertraits and HRTB (the latter turned out to be fine, so I added a comment explaining why.)

r? @pnkfelix (for now, anyway)
cc @aturon 

[implied bounds]: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2014/07/06/implied-bounds/

Conflicts:
	src/librustc/middle/infer/combine.rs
	src/librustc_typeck/check/wf.rs

Conflicts:
	src/libcollections/slice.rs
	src/libcollections/str.rs
	src/librustc/middle/lang_items.rs
	src/librustc_back/rpath.rs
	src/librustc_typeck/check/regionck.rs
	src/libstd/ffi/os_str.rs
	src/libsyntax/diagnostic.rs
	src/libsyntax/parse/parser.rs
	src/libsyntax/util/interner.rs
	src/test/run-pass/regions-refcell.rs

Conflicts:
	src/libcollections/btree/map.rs
	src/libcollections/str.rs
	src/libcollections/vec.rs
	src/libcore/borrow.rs
	src/libcore/hash/mod.rs
	src/libstd/collections/hash/map.rs
	src/libstd/collections/hash/set.rs

This commit stabilizes `std::borrow`, making the following modifications
to catch up the API with language changes:

* It renames `BorrowFrom` to `Borrow`, as was originally intended (but
  blocked for technical reasons), and reorders the parameters
  accordingly.

* It moves the type parameter of `ToOwned` to an associated type. This
  is somewhat less flexible, in that each borrowed type must have a
  unique owned type, but leads to a significant simplification for
  `Cow`. Flexibility can be regained by using newtyped slices, which is
  advisable for other reasons anyway.

* It removes the owned type parameter from `Cow`, making the type much
  less verbose.

* Deprecates the `is_owned` and `is_borrowed` predicates in favor of
  direct matching.

The above API changes are relatively minor; the basic functionality
remains the same, and essentially the whole module is now marked
`#[stable]`.

[breaking-change]

support warnings.

Conflicts:
	src/librustc_trans/trans/tvec.rs

Conflicts:
	src/libcollections/bit.rs
	src/libcollections/linked_list.rs
	src/libcollections/vec_deque.rs
	src/libstd/sys/common/wtf8.rs

cc #22240

This commit is an implementation of [RFC 592][r592] and [RFC 840][r840]. These
two RFCs tweak the behavior of `CString` and add a new `CStr` unsized slice type
to the module.

[r592]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0592-c-str-deref.md
[r840]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0840-no-panic-in-c-string.md

The new `CStr` type is only constructable via two methods:

1. By `deref`'ing from a `CString`
2. Unsafely via `CStr::from_ptr`

The purpose of `CStr` is to be an unsized type which is a thin pointer to a
`libc::c_char` (currently it is a fat pointer slice due to implementation
limitations). Strings from C can be safely represented with a `CStr` and an
appropriate lifetime as well. Consumers of `&CString` should now consume `&CStr`
instead to allow producers to pass in C-originating strings instead of just
Rust-allocated strings.

A new constructor was added to `CString`, `new`, which takes `T: IntoBytes`
instead of separate `from_slice` and `from_vec` methods (both have been
deprecated in favor of `new`). The `new` method returns a `Result` instead of
panicking.  The error variant contains the relevant information about where the
error happened and bytes (if present). Conversions are provided to the
`io::Error` and `old_io::IoError` types via the `FromError` trait which
translate to `InvalidInput`.

This is a breaking change due to the modification of existing `#[unstable]` APIs
and new deprecation, and more detailed information can be found in the two RFCs.
Notable breakage includes:

* All construction of `CString` now needs to use `new` and handle the outgoing
  `Result`.
* Usage of `CString` as a byte slice now explicitly needs a `.as_bytes()` call.
* The `as_slice*` methods have been removed in favor of just having the
  `as_bytes*` methods.

Closes #22469
Closes #22470
[breaking-change]

This commit is an implementation of [RFC 823][rfc] which is another pass over
the `std::hash` module for stabilization. The contents of the module were not
entirely marked stable, but some portions which remained quite similar to the
previous incarnation are now marked `#[stable]`. Specifically:

[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0823-hash-simplification.md

* `std::hash` is now stable (the name)
* `Hash` is now stable
* `Hash::hash` is now stable
* `Hasher` is now stable
* `SipHasher` is now stable
* `SipHasher::new` and `new_with_keys` are now stable
* `Hasher for SipHasher` is now stable
* Many `Hash` implementations are now stable

All other portions of the `hash` module remain `#[unstable]` as they are less
commonly used and were recently redesigned.

This commit is a breaking change due to the modifications to the `std::hash` API
and more details can be found on the [RFC][rfc].

Closes #22467
[breaking-change]

The big change here is that we update the object-safety rules to prohibit references to `Self` in the supertrait listing. See #22040 for the motivation. The other change is to handle the interaction of defaults that reference `Self` and object types (where `Self` is erased). We force users to give an explicit type in that scenario.

r? @aturon

No need to create a bunch of blocks and a stack allocated temporary just
to build a simple loop.

In trans_slice_vec we currently use arrayalloca, which gives us a
pointer to the element type with enough memory allocated for the
requested number of elements.  This works, but everywhere else we use
the [n x T] type for fixed size arrays and so we have to bitcast the
pointer here. Let's directly use the proper type for the allocation and
remove some code duplication along the way.

Take 2. This PR includes a bunch of refactoring that was part of an experimental branch implementing [implied bounds]. That particular idea isn't ready to go yet, but the refactoring proved useful for fixing #22246. The implied bounds branch also exposed #22110 so a simple fix for that is included here. I still think some more refactoring would be a good idea here -- in particular I think most of the code in wf.rs is kind of duplicating the logic in implicator and should go, but I decided to post this PR and call it a day before diving into that. I'll write a bit more details about the solutions I adopted in the various bugs. I patched the two issues I was concerned about, which was the handling of supertraits and HRTB (the latter turned out to be fine, so I added a comment explaining why.)

r? @pnkfelix (for now, anyway)
cc @aturon

[implied bounds]: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2014/07/06/implied-bounds/