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105bfd30
编写于
1月 31, 2015
作者:
T
Tobias Bucher
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Reference: Purge `isize` from non-memory-related examples
Also explain integer fallback to `i32`.
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src/doc/reference.md
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105bfd30
...
...
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ cases mentioned in [Number literals](#number-literals) below.
##### Suffixes
| Integer | Floating-point |
|---------|----------------|
|
`
is`
(
`isize`
),
`us`
(
`usize`
),
`u8`
,
`i8`
,
`u16`
,
`i16`
,
`u32`
,
`i32`
,
`u64`
,
`i64`
|
`f32`
,
`f64`
|
|
`
u8`
,
`i8`
,
`u16`
,
`i16`
,
`u32`
,
`i32`
,
`u64`
,
`i64`
,
`is`
(
`isize`
),
`us`
(
`usize`
)
|
`f32`
,
`f64`
|
#### Character and string literals
...
...
@@ -468,27 +468,29 @@ Like any literal, an integer literal may be followed (immediately,
without any spaces) by an _integer suffix_, which forcibly sets the
type of the literal. There are 10 valid values for an integer suffix:
*
The
`is`
and
`us`
suffixes give the literal type
`isize`
or
`usize`
,
respectively.
*
Each of the signed and unsigned machine types
`u8`
,
`i8`
,
`u16`
,
`i16`
,
`u32`
,
`i32`
,
`u64`
and
`i64`
give the literal the corresponding machine type.
*
The
`is`
and
`us`
suffixes give the literal type
`isize`
or
`usize`
,
respectively.
The type of an _unsuffixed_ integer literal is determined by type inference.
If an integer type can be _uniquely_ determined from the surrounding program
context, the unsuffixed integer literal has that type. If the program context
underconstrains the type, it is considered a static type error; if the program
context overconstrains the type, it is also considered a static type error.
underconstrains the type, it defaults to the signed 32-bit integer
`i32`
; if
the program context overconstrains the type, it is considered a static type
error.
Examples of integer literals of various forms:
```
123i
s; // type isize
123u
s; // type usize
123_u
s; // type usize
123i
32; // type i32
123u
32; // type u32
123_u
32; // type u32
0xff_u8; // type u8
0o70_i16; // type i16
0b1111_1111_1001_0000_i32; // type i32
0us; // type usize
```
##### Floating-point literals
...
...
@@ -1135,8 +1137,8 @@ used as a type name.
When a generic function is referenced, its type is instantiated based on the
context of the reference. For example, calling the
`iter`
function defined
above on
`[1, 2]`
will instantiate type parameter
`T`
with
`i
size
`
, and require
the closure parameter to have type
`fn(i
size
)`
.
above on
`[1, 2]`
will instantiate type parameter
`T`
with
`i
32
`
, and require
the closure parameter to have type
`fn(i
32
)`
.
The type parameters can also be explicitly supplied in a trailing
[
path
](
#paths
)
component after the function name. This might be necessary if
...
...
@@ -2746,9 +2748,9 @@ constant expression that can be evaluated at compile time, such as a
[
literal
](
#literals
)
or a
[
static item
](
#static-items
)
.
```
[1
is
, 2, 3, 4];
[1, 2, 3, 4];
["a", "b", "c", "d"];
[0
is; 128];
// array with 128 zeros
[0
; 128];
// array with 128 zeros
[0u8, 0u8, 0u8, 0u8];
```
...
...
@@ -2921,7 +2923,7 @@ moves](#moved-and-copied-types) its right-hand operand to its left-hand
operand.
```
# let mut x = 0
is
;
# let mut x = 0;
# let y = 0;
x = y;
...
...
@@ -3307,11 +3309,11 @@ fn main() {
```
Patterns can also dereference pointers by using the
`&`
,
`&mut`
and
`box`
symbols, as appropriate. For example, these two matches on
`x: &i
size
`
are
symbols, as appropriate. For example, these two matches on
`x: &i
32
`
are
equivalent:
```
# let x = &3
is
;
# let x = &3;
let y = match *x { 0 => "zero", _ => "some" };
let z = match x { &0 => "zero", _ => "some" };
...
...
@@ -3332,7 +3334,7 @@ Multiple match patterns may be joined with the `|` operator. A range of values
may be specified with
`...`
. For example:
```
# let x = 2
is
;
# let x = 2;
let message = match x {
0 | 1 => "not many",
...
...
@@ -3673,16 +3675,16 @@ The type of a closure mapping an input of type `A` to an output of type `B` is
An example of creating and calling a closure:
```
rust
let
captured_var
=
10
is
;
let
captured_var
=
10
;
let
closure_no_args
=
|
&
:|
println!
(
"captured_var={}"
,
captured_var
);
let
closure_args
=
|
&
:
arg
:
i
size
|
->
isize
{
let
closure_args
=
|
&
:
arg
:
i
32
|
->
i32
{
println!
(
"captured_var={}, arg={}"
,
captured_var
,
arg
);
arg
// Note lack of semicolon after 'arg'
};
fn
call_closure
<
F
:
Fn
(),
G
:
Fn
(
i
size
)
->
isize
>
(
c1
:
F
,
c2
:
G
)
{
fn
call_closure
<
F
:
Fn
(),
G
:
Fn
(
i
32
)
->
i32
>
(
c1
:
F
,
c2
:
G
)
{
c1
();
c2
(
2
);
}
...
...
@@ -3714,7 +3716,7 @@ trait Printable {
fn stringify(&self) -> String;
}
impl Printable for i
size
{
impl Printable for i
32
{
fn stringify(&self) -> String { self.to_string() }
}
...
...
@@ -3723,7 +3725,7 @@ fn print(a: Box<Printable>) {
}
fn main() {
print(Box::new(10
is
) as Box<Printable>);
print(Box::new(10) as Box<Printable>);
}
```
...
...
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