* Fix ndarray dimension signness, fix ndarray length overflow, close #3519

* detect size overflow in ubjson and bjdata

* force reformatting

* Fix MSVC compiler warning

* Add value_in_range_of trait

* Use value_in_range_of trait

* Correct 408 parse_errors to out_of_range

* Add 32bit unit test

The test can be enabled by setting JSON_32bitTest=ON.

* Exclude unreachable lines from coverage

Certain lines are unreachable in 64bit builds.
Co-authored-by: NQianqian Fang <fangqq@gmail.com>

* Update json.hpp

* Remove a space

The converting basic_json constructor can inadvertently change the value
type of its parameter. Assert that both basic_json values are of the
same value type after conversion.

* 👷 add more macOS builders

* 👷 add more macOS builders

* 💚 fix macOS build

* 📝 document new Xcode versions

* Fix nlohmann/json#3513, explain is_ndarray flag

* add test for ndarray size following H

* Add C++20 3-way comparison operator and fix broken comparisons

Fixes #3207.
Fixes #3409.

* Fix iterators to meet (more) std::ranges requirements

Fixes #3130.
Related discussion: #3408

* Add note about CMake standard version selection to unit tests

Document how CMake chooses which C++ standard version to use when
building tests.

* Update documentation

* CI: add legacy discarded value comparison

* Fix internal linkage errors when building a module

* Prevent ndarray size vector from recursive use, fix nlohmann/json#3503

* fix ci error

* complete coverage

* add missing coverage

* fix style issue in added test

* Discard optimized containers with negative counts in UBJSON/BJData (#3491,#3492,#3490)

* fix msvc error

* update unit tests for negative sized containers

* use a loop to test 0 ndarray dimension

* throw an error when count is negative, merge CHECK_THROW_AS and _WITH with _WITH_AS

* 👥 update contributor and sponsor list

* 🚧 document BJData format

* 🚧 document BJData format

* 📝 clarified documentation of [json.exception.parse_error.112]

* ✏ adjust titles

* 📝 add more examples

* 🚨 adjust warnings for index.md files

* 📝 add more examples

* 🔥 remove example for deprecated code

* 📝 add missing enum entry

* 📝 overwork table for binary formats

* ✅ add test to create table for binary formats

* 📝 fix wording in example

* 📝 add more examples

* Update iterators.md (#3481)

* ✨ add check for overloads to linter #3455

* 👥 update contributor list

* 📝 add more examples

* 📝 fix documentation

* 📝 add more examples

* 🎨 fix indentation

* 🔥 remove example for destructor

* 📝 overwork documentation

* Updated BJData documentation, #3464 (#3493)

* update bjdata.md for #3464

* Minor edit

* Fix URL typo

* Add info on demoting ND array to a 1-D optimized array when singleton dimension
Co-authored-by: NChaoqi Zhang <prncoprs@163.com>
Co-authored-by: NQianqian Fang <fangqq@gmail.com>

* change bjdata ndarray flag to detect negative size, fix https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/3475

* fix CI error

* fix CI on 32bit windows

* remove platform specific out_of_range error messages

* Incorporate suggestions from @nlohmann and @falbrechtskirchinger

* fix CI errors

* add coverage

* fix sax event order

* fix coverage

* 📝 document fuzzer usage

* 📝 address review comments

* Handle invalid BJData optimized type, fix #3461

* Update unit test to handle bjdata optimized array type error

* ⬆ Doctest 2.4.7

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* ⬇ downgrade to Doctest 2.4.6

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 👷 add CI step for ICPC

* 🔇 suppress warning #2196: routine is both "inline" and "noinline"

* Re-enable <filesystem> detection on ICPC

* Limit regression test for #3070 to Clang and GCC >=8.4

* Disable deprecation warnings on ICPC

* Disable regression test for #1647 on ICPC (C++20)

* Fix compilation failure of regression test for #3077 on ICPC

* Disable wstring unit test on ICPC

Fixes:
  error 913: invalid multibyte character sequence

* Add ICPC to README
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

* 🚚 move files
* 🚚 rename doc folder to docs
* 🚚 rename test folder to tests

* Add key_compare member to ordered_map

* Replace == with key_compare in ordered_map

* Expose the actual comparison function used by object_t

nlohmann::ordered_map uses a different comparison function than the one
provided via template parameter.
* Introduce a type trait to detect if object_t has a key_compare member.
* Rename object_comparator_t to default_object_comparator_t.
* Add object_comparator_t to be conditionally defined as
  object_t::key_compare, if available, or default_object_comparator_t
  otherwise.
* Update the documentation accordingly.
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>

* Add type traits to check if a type is usable as object key

Add type trait to check:
* if a type is a specialization of a template.
* if a type is a json_pointer.
* if a type is a basic_json::{const_,}iterator.
* if two types are comparable using a given comparison functor.
* if a type is comparable to basic_json::object_t::key_type.
* if a type has a member type is_transparent.
* if a type is usable as object key.
* if a type has an erase() function accepting a given KeyType.
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>

* Rework basic_json element access to accept more key types

Rework basic_json element access member functions and operators to
accept any type that meets the requirements defined by type trait
detail::is_usable_as_key_type.

Member functions and operators:
* at()
* operator[]
* value()
* erase()
* find()
* count()
* contains()

Update documentation to reflect these changes.

Add unit tests to excercise the new functions using std::string_view.
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>

* support UBJSON-derived Binary JData (BJData) format

* fix Codacy warning

* partially fix VS compilation errors

* fix additional VS errors

* fix more VS compilation errors

* fix additional warnings and errors for clang and msvc

* add more tests to cover the new bjdata types

* add tests for optimized ndarray, improve coverage, fix clang/gcc warnings

* gcc warn useless conversion but msvc gives an error

* fix ci_test errors

* complete test coverage, fix ci_test errors

* add half precision error test

* fix No newline at end of file error by clang

* simplify endian condition, format unit-bjdata

* remove broken test due to alloc limit

* full coverage, I hope

* move bjdata new markers from default to the same level as ubjson markers

* fix ci errors, add tests for new bjdata switch structure

* make is_bjdata const after using initializer list

* remove the unwanted assert

* move is_bjdata to an optional param to write_ubjson

* pass use_bjdata via output adapter

* revert order to avoid msvc 2015 unreferenced formal param error

* update BJData Spect V1 Draft-2 URL after spec release

* amalgamate code

* code polishing following @gregmarr's feedback

* make use_bjdata a non-default parameter

* fix ci error, remove unwanted param comment

* encode and decode bjdata ndarray in jdata annotations, enable roundtrip tests

* partially fix ci errors, add tests to improve coverage

* polish patch to remove ci errors

* fix a ndarray dim vector condition

* fix clang tidy error

* add sax test cases for ndarray

* add additional sax event tests

* adjust sax event numbering

* fix sax tests

* ndarray can only be used with array containers, discard if used in object

* complete test coverage

* disable [{SHTFNZ in optimized type due to security risks in #2793 and hampered readability

* fix ci error

* move OutputIsLittleEndian from tparam to param to replace use_bjdata

* fix ci clang gcc error

* fix ci static analysis error

* update json_test_data to 3.1.0, enable file-based bjdata unit tests

* fix stack overflow error on msvc 2019 and 2022

* use https link, update sax_parse_error after rebase

* make input_format const and use initializer

* return bool for write_bjdata_ndarray

* test write_bjdata_ndarray return value as boolean

* fix ci error

* 📝 overwork macro documentation

* 📝 address review comments

* 🔧 add style check to Makefile

* 🙈 overwork .gitignore

* 📌 Pygments 2.12.0 is broken

* ✏ fix links

* 🚸 adjust output to cppcheck

* 📝 add titles to more admonitions

* ✏ fix typos

* 📝 document future behavior change

* Make exception context optional

Change exception context parameter to pointer and replace context with
nullptr where appropriate.

* Support escaping other string types

* Add string concatenation function

Add variadic concat() function for concatenating char *, char, and
string types.

* Replace string concatenations using + with concat()

* Template json_pointer on string type

Change json_pointer from being templated on basic_json to being
templated on string type.

* Add unit test for #3388

Closes #3388.

* Fix regression test for #2958

* Add backwards compatibility with json_pointer<basic_json>

* Update json_pointer docs

* Allow comparing different json_pointers

* Update version numbers

* Exclude std::any from implicit conversion

Fixes #3428 (MSVC) and silences compiler warning on GCC (-Wconversion).

* Exclude std::any from implicit conversion

Constrain from_json() overload for StringType to not accept json_ref and
require it to be assignable, instead of constructible, from
basic_json::string_t.

Re-enable C++14 tests on Clang <4.0.

Fixes #3171.
Fixes #3267.
Fixes #3312.
Fixes #3384.

* ⬆ use new CI image

* ⬆ use new CI image

* 🚨 suppress Clang-Tidy warnings

* 💚 use proper scan-build version

* 🚨 suppress Clang-Tidy warnings

* ⬆ use more recent GitHub actions

* 💚 add missing compiler

* 📝 update used compilers

* 🚨 fix duplicate inclusion

AppVeyor build VMs should provide at least two cores. Parallelize builds
and tests.
In addition, enable output on failure and disable verbose test output.

Restore the previously disabled check for regression #3070 on all
compilers but MSVC.

To summarize the issue:
Given namespace fs = std::filesystem.
On MSVC attempting to construct an fs::path from json results in an
ambiguous overload resolution because fs::path can be constructed from
both a std::string as well as another fs::path.
To the best of my knowledge there is no way to fix an ambiguous overload
situation involving a type we do not control and with json implicitly
converting to both std::string and fs::path.

Re-enabling the check where it compiles and keeping it disabled for MSVC
is the best we can do.

Closes #3377 and #3382.

* Report the right __cplusplus value for MSVC in basic_json meta()

* Run amalgamate

* Avoid clash with Arduino defines

* Arduino defines B0/B1 in "binary.h"
     #define B0 0
     #define B1 1
  This clashes with names of the template
  variables in conjuction

* Renaming them to "B" rather than "B1"
  Now it can be used as-is in Arduino projects

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: NDaniel Ansorregui <d.ansorregui@samsung.com>
Co-authored-by: NNiels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>

* Refactor assertion and adjust expected error message

* Refactor assertion and adjust expected error message

* Refactor assertion and remove redundant local variable

* Refactor assertion and remove redundant local variable

* Rename local variable

* Apply formatting