- fixed a bug that did not discard strings with control characters
between 0x10 and 0x1f
- added termination proofs for two important loops
- made get_ref() constexpr

Instead of copying the test executable and the JSON files used by
the tests at install time, define CMake/CTest tests for running
the json_unit executable from any build directory with the project's
source directory as its working directory.

- call enable_testing in the main lists file to allow the definition
of tests
- remove install commands from the test directory's lists file
- define two tests
  - json_unit_default for running the default tests by executing
json_unit without any arguments
  - json_unit_all for running all the tests by executing json_unit
with the "*" argument
- update the AppVeyor configuration file to use the new testing method

The resulting install tree, when tests are enabled, looks like this:

```
.
├── cmake
│   ├── nlohmann_jsonConfig.cmake
│   ├── nlohmann_jsonConfigVersion.cmake
│   └── nlohmann_jsonTargets.cmake
├── include
│   └── nlohmann
│       └── json.hpp
└── test
    ├── bin
    │   └── json_unit
    └── data
        ├── json_nlohmann_tests
        │   ├── all_unicode.json
        │   └── bom.json
        ├── json.org
        │   ├── 1.json
        │   ├── ...
        ├── json_roundtrip
        │   ├── roundtrip01.json
        │   ├── roundtrip02.json
        │   └── ...
        ├── json_tests
        │   ├── fail10.json
        │   └── ...
        └── json_testsuite
            └── sample.json
```

It has the property that you can invoke the test binary from the
root of the install tree and the tests work correctly (you no
longer depend on the test binary being run inside the source
tree).

If tests are disabled, the entire `test/` subtree is omitted.
Notice how that yields exactly what you want for using this
library in other projects.

I do not believe I need to update travis due to this change, as the
evil Makefile continues to do in-tree builds. I expect I'll find
out soon enough.

This introduces a clear separation between test data and test
binaries. Test data is moved into test/data, and the test binaries
move into test/src. A new CMake script specific to building the
tests is introduced in /test to slightly clean up the toplevel
one.

As well as tidying things up, this makes the next step trivial...