53,54

TextProject/nce3text.txt

@@ -255,7 +255,84 @@ painting he knew well, he decided to buy it. Glancing at it briefly, the dealer
 that it was worth $50. Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for he knew that he had 
 made a real discovery. The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and 
 was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.
-  
+
+Lesson 53
+各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护
+每个公民不受专横和不称职的政府官员的欺压。由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。
+是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警察、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务
+而把事情做过了头。早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。议会内有一个代表各政党利益
+的委员会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。此人官衔为 司法特派员， 但瑞典人一般管他
+叫 J.O.，即 司法特派员。司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。
+由于意见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到1，200封信。他有8位律师作为它的助手协助工作，每封信
+都详细批阅。司法特派员的工作没什么秘密可言，他的信件是公开的，供公众监督。如果公民的意见正确，司法特派员
+便为他伸张正义。司法特派员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至
+向议会提议修改某项法律。下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。
+
+
+The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social 
+policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from 
+highhanded or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been 
+adopted in other countries too.
+The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officail live civil servants, police officers, health 
+inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that 
+they are serving the public. As long as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to 
+safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties 
+appoints a person who is suitably qualified to iinvestigate private grievances against the State. 
+The official title of the person is Justiteombudsman, but the Swedes commonly refer to him 
+as the J.O. or Ombudsman. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates 
+complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made 
+in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer 
+assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about 
+the Ombudsman's work for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's 
+complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies 
+according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to 
+parliament that a law the altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.
+A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been illtreated 
+by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the 
+Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the 
+record to show that the foreigner's complaint was jstified and the Chief of Police strongly denied 
+the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a 
+similar complaint from another foreigner in the same willage, he immediately sent one of his layers 
+to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly 
+with foeigners on serveral occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners 
+could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by 
+sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely 
+reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he 
+would prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant 
+practice which might have gone unnoticed.
+
+Lesson54 
+我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏
+我们的食物、传播疾病、吞噬庄稼。它们无缘无故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者
+对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄峰之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害
+的飞蛾等。阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁甚或在具有
+高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。不管
+我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧
+大部分是没有道理的，但却无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们
+了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道
+我们就在它们身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢？
+去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那颗心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子又遮挡
+的一面暖墙生长的。我为这颗树感到特别只好，不仅因为它度过几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出
+些甘甜的桃子来。到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫做蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁
+的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我
+着迷了24小时。
+
+We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more 
+harm than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases,
+or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our 
+rooms on summer nights, or beat ageist our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of 
+unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading 
+about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the 
+industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled 
+with revvlsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No 
+matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction 
+which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but 
+they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We 
+enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead 
+perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, 
+unaware of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider 
+pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead 
+beetle?