The padding field was totally useless: removed.

Now CONFIG RESETSTAT makes sure to reset all the fields, and in the
future it will be simpler to avoid missing new fields.

Test sentinel.tilt condition on top and return if it is true.
This allows to remove the check for the tilt condition in the remaining
code paths of the function.

addReplySentinelRedisInstance() modified so that this field is displayed
for all the kind of instances: Sentinels, Masters, Slaves.

Failure detection in Sentinel is ping-pong based. It used to work by
remembering the last time a valid PONG reply was received, and checking
if the reception time was too old compared to the current current time.

PINGs were sent at a fixed interval of 1 second.

This works in a decent way, but does not scale well when we want to set
very small values of "down-after-milliseconds" (this is the node
timeout basically).

This commit reiplements the failure detection making a number of
changes. Some changes are inspired to Redis Cluster failure detection
code:

* A new last_ping_time field is added in representation of instances.
  If non zero, we have an active ping that was sent at the specified
  time. When a valid reply to ping is received, the field is zeroed
  again.
* last_ping_time is not reset when we reconnect the link or send a new
  ping, so from our point of view it represents the time we started
  waiting for the instance to reply to our pings without receiving a
  reply.
* last_ping_time is now used in order to check if the instance is
  timed out. This means that we can have a node timeout of 100
  milliseconds and yet the system will work well since the new check is
  not bound to the period used to send pings.
* Pings are now sent every second, or often if the value of
  down-after-milliseconds is less than one second. With a lower limit of
  10 HZ ping frequency.
* Link reconnection code was improved. This is used in order to try to
  reconnect the link when we are at 50% of the node timeout without a
  valid reply received yet. However the old code triggered unnecessary
  reconnections when the node timeout was very small. Now that should be
  ok.

The new code passes the tests but more testing is needed and more unit
tests stressing the failure detector, so currently this is merged only
in the unstable branch.

This makes debugging / monitoring of Sentinels simpler since you can
identify sentinels in CLIENT LIST output of Redis instances.

argc == 2; argv[2] == crash

Sentinel's main safety argument is that there are no two configurations
for the same master with the same version (configuration epoch).

For this to be true Sentinels require to be authorized by a majority.
Additionally Sentinels require to do two important things:

* Never vote again for the same epoch.
* Never exchange an old vote for a fresh one.

The first prerequisite, in a crash-recovery system model, requires to
persist the master->leader_epoch on durable storage before to reply to
messages. This was not the case.

We also make sure to persist the current epoch in order to never reply
to stale votes requests from other Sentinels, after a recovery.

The configuration is persisted by making use of fsync(), this is
considered in the context of this code a good enough guarantee that
after a restart our durable state is restored, however this may not
always be the case depending on the kind of hardware and operating
system used.

Now the way HELLO messages are received is unified.
Now it is no longer needed for Sentinels to converge to the higher
configuration for a master to be able to chat via some Redis instance,
the are able to directly exchanges configurations.

Note that this commit does not include the (trivial) change needed to
send HELLO messages to Sentinel instances as well, since for an error I
committed the change in the previous commit that refactored hello
messages processing into a separated function.

refer to updateLRUClock's comment REDIS_LRU_CLOCK_MAX is 22 bits,but #define REDIS_LRU_CLOCK_MAX ((1<<21)-1) only 21 bits

This value needs to be set to zero (in addition to
stat_numcommands) or else people may see
a negative operations per second count after they
run CONFIG RESETSTAT.

Fixes antirez/redis#1577

The new "error" subcommand of the DEBUG command can reply with an user
selected error, specified as its sole argument:

    DEBUG ERROR "LOADING please wait..."

The error is generated just prefixing the command argument with a "-"
character, and replacing newlines with spaces (since error replies can't
include newlines).

The goal of the command is to help in Client libraries unit tests by
making simple to simulate a command call triggering a given error.

anetTcpAccept returns ANET_ERR, not AE_ERR.

This isn't a physical error since both ANET_ERR
and AE_ERR are -1, but better to be consistent.

used_memory_peak only updates in serverCron every server.hz,
but Redis can use more memory and a user can request memory
INFO before used_memory_peak gets updated in the next
cron run.

This patch updates used_memory_peak to the current
memory usage if the current memory usage is higher
than the recorded used_memory_peak value.

(And it only calls zmalloc_used_memory() once instead of
twice as it was doing before.)

This commit reworks the redis-cli --bigkeys command to provide more
information about our progress as well as output summary information
when we're done.

 - We now show an approximate percentage completion as we go
 - Hiredis pipelining is used for TYPE and SIZE retreival
 - A summary of keyspace distribution and overall breakout at the end

This commit sets the failover timeout to 30 seconds instead of the 180
seconds default, and allows to reconfigure multiple slaves at the same
time.

This makes tests less sensible to timing, with the result that there are
less false positives due to normal behaviors that require time to
succeed or to be retried.

However the long term solution is probably some way in order to detect
when a test failed because of timing issues (for example split brain
during leader election) and retry it.

Sentinel needs to avoid split brain conditions due to multiple sentinels
trying to get voted at the exact same time.

So far some desynchronization was provided by fluctuating server.hz,
that is the frequency of the timer function call. However the
desynchonization provided in this way was not enough when using many
Sentinel instances, especially when a large quorum value is used in
order to force a greater degree of agreement (more than N/2+1).

It was verified that it was likely to trigger a split brain
condition, forcing the system to try again after a timeout.
Usually the system will succeed after a few retries, but this is not
optimal.

This commit desynchronizes instances in a more effective way to make it
likely that the first attempt will be successful.