Makefile.lib is included by Makefile.modfinal as well as Makefile.build.

Move modkern_cflags to Makefile.lib in order to simplify cmd_cc_o_c
in Makefile.modfinal. Move modkern_cflags as well for consistency.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Add CONFIG_ASM_MODVERSIONS. This allows to remove one if-conditional
nesting in scripts/Makefile.build.

scripts/Makefile.build is run every time Kbuild descends into a
sub-directory. So, I want to avoid $(wildcard ...) evaluation
where possible although computing $(wildcard ...) is so cheap that
it may not make measurable performance difference.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>

Currently, the single target build directly descends into the directory
of the target. For example,

  $ make foo/bar/baz.o

... directly descends into foo/bar/.

On the other hand, the normal build usually descends one directory at
a time, i.e. descends into foo/, and then foo/bar/.

This difference causes some problems.

[1] miss subdir-asflags-y, subdir-ccflags-y in upper Makefiles

    The options in subdir-{as,cc}flags-y take effect in the current
    and its sub-directories. In other words, they are inherited
    downward. In the example above, the single target will miss
    subdir-{as,cc}flags-y if they are defined in foo/Makefile.

[2] could be built in a different directory

    As Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst section 4.3 says, Kbuild can
    handle files that are spread over several sub-directories.

    The build rule of foo/bar/baz.o may not necessarily be specified in
    foo/bar/Makefile. It might be specifies in foo/Makefile as follows:

    [foo/Makefile]
    obj-y := bar/baz.o

    This often happens when a module is so big that its source files
    are divided into sub-directories.

    In this case, there is no Makefile in the foo/bar/ directory, yet
    the single target descends into foo/bar/, then fails due to the
    missing Makefile. You can still do 'make foo/bar/' for partial
    building, but cannot do 'make foo/bar/baz.s'. I believe the single
    target '%.s' is a useful feature for inspecting the compiler output.

    Some modules work around this issue by putting an empty Makefile
    in every sub-directory.

This commit fixes those problems by making the single target build
descend in the same way as the normal build does.

Another change is the single target build will observe the CONFIG
options. Previously, it allowed users to build the foo.o even when
the corresponding CONFIG_FOO is disabled:

   obj-$(CONFIG_FOO) += foo.o

In the new behavior, the single target build will just fail and show
"No rule to make target ..." (or "Nothing to be done for ..." if the
stale object already exists, but cannot be updated).

The disadvantage of this commit is the build speed. Now that the
single target build visits every directory and parses lots of
Makefiles, it is slower than before. (But, I hope it will not be
too slow.)
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

For the single target building %.symtypes from %.S, $(a_flags) is
expanded into the _KERNEL flags even if the object is a part of a
module.

$(real-obj-m:.o=.symtypes): modkern_aflags := $(KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE) $(AFLAGS_MODULE)

... would fix the issue, but it is not nice to duplicate similar code
for every suffix.

Implement modkern_aflags in the same way as modkern_cflags.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Make it even shorter.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

$(basename ...) trims the last suffix. Using it is more intuitive in
my opinion.

This pattern rule makes %.asn1.c and %.asn1.h at the same time.
Previously, the short log showed only either of them, depending on
the target file in question.

To clarify that two files are being generated by the single recipe,
I changed the log as follows:

Before:

  ASN.1   crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509.asn1.c

After:

  ASN.1   crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509.asn1.[ch]
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Since commit ff9b45c5 ("kbuild: modpost: read modules.order instead
of $(MODVERDIR)/*.mod"), a module is no longer built in the following
pattern:

  [Makefile]
  subdir-y := some-module

  [some-module/Makefile]
  obj-m := some-module.o

You cannot write Makefile this way in upstream because modules.order is
not correctly generated. subdir-y is used to descend to a sub-directory
that builds tools, device trees, etc.

For external modules, the modules order does not matter. So, the
Makefile above was known to work.

I believe the Makefile should be re-written as follows:

  [Makefile]
  obj-m := some-module/

  [some-module/Makefile]
  obj-m := some-module.o

However, people will have no idea if their Makefile suddenly stops
working. In fact, I received questions from multiple people.

Show a warning for a while if obj-m is specified in a Makefile visited
by subdir-y or subdir-m.

I touched the %/ rule to avoid false-positive warnings for the single
target.

Cc: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Cc: Tom Stonecypher <thomas.edwardx.stonecypher@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Tested-by: NJan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>

The modules.order files in directories visited by the chain of obj-y
or obj-m are merged to the upper-level ones, and become parts of the
top-level modules.order. On the other hand, there is no need to
generate modules.order in directories visited by subdir-y or subdir-m
since they would become orphan anyway.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The current implementation of need-builtin is false-positive,
for example, in the following Makefile:

  obj-m := foo/
  obj-y := foo/bar/

..., where foo/built-in.a is not required.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Currently, *.mod is created as a side-effect of obj-m.

Split out *.mod as a dedicated build rule, which allows to unify
the %.c -> %.o rule, and remove the single-used-m rule.

This also makes the incremental build of allmodconfig faster because
it saves $(NM) invocation when there is no change in the module.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The current format of *.mod is like this:

  line 1: directory path to the .ko file
  line 2: a list of objects linked into this module
  line 3: unresolved symbols (only when CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS=y)

Now that *.mod and *.ko are created in the same directory, the line 1
provides no valuable information. It can be derived by replacing the
extension .mod with .ko. In fact, nobody uses the first line any more.

Cut down the first line.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

While descending directories, Kbuild produces objects for modules,
but do not link final *.ko files; it is done in the modpost.

To keep track of modules, Kbuild creates a *.mod file in $(MODVERDIR)
for every module it is building. Some post-processing steps read the
necessary information from *.mod files. This avoids descending into
directories again. This mechanism was introduced in 2003 or so.

Later, commit 551559e1 ("kbuild: implement modules.order") added
modules.order. So, we can simply read it out to know all the modules
with directory paths. This is easier than parsing the first line of
*.mod files.

$(MODVERDIR) has a flat directory structure, that is, *.mod files
are named only with base names. This is based on the assumption that
the module name is unique across the tree. This assumption is really
fragile.

Stephen Rothwell reported a race condition caused by a module name
conflict:

  https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/5/13/991

In parallel building, two different threads could write to the same
$(MODVERDIR)/*.mod simultaneously.

Non-unique module names are the source of all kind of troubles, hence
commit 3a48a919 ("kbuild: check uniqueness of module names")
introduced a new checker script.

However, it is still fragile in the build system point of view because
this race happens before scripts/modules-check.sh is invoked. If it
happens again, the modpost will emit unclear error messages.

To fix this issue completely, create *.mod with full directory path
so that two threads never attempt to write to the same file.

$(MODVERDIR) is no longer needed.

Since modules with directory paths are listed in modules.order, Kbuild
is still able to find *.mod files without additional descending.

I also killed cmd_secanalysis; scripts/mod/sumversion.c computes MD4 hash
for modules with MODULE_VERSION(). When CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y,
it occurs not only in the modpost stage, but also during directory
descending, where sumversion.c may parse stale *.mod files. It would emit
'No such file or directory' warning when an object consisting a module is
renamed, or when a single-obj module is turned into a multi-obj module or
vice versa.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NNicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>

Currently, only the top-level modules.order drops duplicated entries.

The modules.order files in sub-directories potentially contain
duplication. To list out the paths of all modules, I want to use
modules.order instead of parsing *.mod files in $(MODVERDIR).

To achieve this, I want to rip off duplication from modules.order
of external modules too.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Removing the 'kernel/' prefix will make our life easier because we can
simply do 'cat modules.order' to get all built modules with full paths.

Currently, we parse the first line of '*.mod' files in $(MODVERDIR).
Since we have duplicated functionality here, I plan to remove MODVERDIR
entirely.

In fact, modules.order is generated also for external modules in a
broken format. It adds the 'kernel/' prefix to the absolute path of
the module, like this:

  kernel//path/to/your/external/module/foo.ko

This is fine for now since modules.order is not used for external
modules. However, I want to sanitize the format everywhere towards
the goal of removing MODVERDIR.

We cannot change the format of installed module.{order,builtin}.
So, 'make modules_install' will add the 'kernel/' prefix while copying
them to $(MODLIB)/.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Currently, $(objtree)/modules.order is touched in two places.

In the 'prepare0' rule, scripts/Makefile.build creates an empty
modules.order while processing 'obj=.'

In the 'modules' rule, the top-level Makefile overwrites it with
the correct list of modules.

While this might be a good side-effect that modules.order is made
empty every time (probably this is not intended functionality),
I personally do not like this behavior.

Create modules.order only when it is sensible to do so.

This avoids creating the following pointless files:

  scripts/basic/modules.order
  scripts/dtc/modules.order
  scripts/gcc-plugins/modules.order
  scripts/genksyms/modules.order
  scripts/mod/modules.order
  scripts/modules.order
  scripts/selinux/genheaders/modules.order
  scripts/selinux/mdp/modules.order
  scripts/selinux/modules.order

Going forward, $(objtree)/modules.order lists the modules that
was built in the last successful build.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

It will be useful to control the header-test by a tristate option.

If CONFIG_FOO is a tristate option, you can write like this:

  header-test-$(CONFIG_FOO) += foo.h
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Commit 25b146c5 ("kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any directory")
deprecated KBUILD_SRCTREE.

It is only used in tools/testing/selftest/ to distinguish out-of-tree
build. Replace it with a new boolean flag, building_out_of_srctree.

I also replaced the conditional ($(srctree),.) because the next commit
will allow an absolute path to be used for $(srctree) even when building
in the source tree.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

header-test-y does not work with headers in sub-directories.

For example, you may want to write a Makefile, like this:

include/linux/Kbuild:

  header-test-y += mtd/nand.h

This entry will create a wrapper include/linux/mtd/nand.hdrtest.c
with the following content:

  #include "mtd/nand.h"

To make this work, we need to add $(srctree)/include/linux to the
header search path. It would be tedious to add ccflags-y.

Instead, we could change the *.hdrtest.c rule to wrap:

  #include "nand.h"

This works for in-tree build since #include "..." searches in the
relative path from the header with this directive. For O=... build,
we need to add $(srctree)/include/linux/mtd to the header search path,
which will be even more tedious.

After all, I thought it would be handier to compile headers directly
without creating wrappers.

I added a new build rule to compile %.h into %.h.s

The target is %.h.s instead of %.h.o because it is slightly faster.
Also, as for GCC, an empty assembly is smaller than an empty object.

I wrote the build rule:

  $(CC) $(c_flags) -S -o $@ -x c /dev/null -include $<

instead of:

  $(CC) $(c_flags) -S -o $@ -x c $<

Both work fine with GCC, but the latter is bad for Clang.

This comes down to the difference in the -Wunused-function policy.
GCC does not warn about unused 'static inline' functions at all.
Clang does not warn about the ones in included headers, but does
about the ones in the source. So, we should handle headers as
headers, not as source files.

In fact, this has been hidden since commit abb2ea7d ("compiler,
clang: suppress warning for unused static inline functions"), but we
should not rely on that.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NJani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Tested-by: NJani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>

Sometimes it's useful to be able to explicitly ensure certain headers
remain self-contained, i.e. that they are compilable as standalone
units, by including and/or forward declaring everything they depend on.

Add special target header-test-y where individual Makefiles can add
headers to be tested if CONFIG_HEADER_TEST is enabled. This will
generate a dummy C file per header that gets built as part of extra-y.
Signed-off-by: NJani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NSam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

It is important that UACCESS regions are as small as possible;
furthermore the UACCESS state is not scheduled, so doing anything that
might directly call into the scheduler will cause random code to be
ran with UACCESS enabled.

Teach objtool too track UACCESS state and warn about any CALL made
while UACCESS is enabled. This very much includes the __fentry__()
and __preempt_schedule() calls.

Note that exceptions _do_ save/restore the UACCESS state, and therefore
they can drive preemption. This also means that all exception handlers
must have an otherwise redundant UACCESS disable instruction;
therefore ignore this warning for !STT_FUNC code (exception handlers
are not normal functions).
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

KBUILD_SRC was conventionally used for some different purposes:
 [1] To remember the source tree path
 [2] As a flag to check if sub-make is already done
 [3] As a flag to check if Kbuild runs out of tree

For [1], we do not need to remember it because the top Makefile
can compute it by $(realpath $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))

[2] has been replaced with self-commenting 'sub_make_done'.

For [3], we can distinguish in-tree/out-of-tree by comparing
$(srctree) and '.'

This commit converts [3] to prepare for the KBUILD_SRC removal.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

CC_FLAGS_FTRACE may contain trailing whitespace that interferes with
findstring.

For example, commit 6977f95e ("powerpc: avoid -mno-sched-epilog on
GCC 4.9 and newer") introduced a change such that on my ppc64le box,
CC_FLAGS_FTRACE="-pg -mprofile-kernel ".  (Note the trailing space.)
When cmd_record_mcount is now invoked, findstring fails as the ftrace
flags were found at very end of _c_flags, without the trailing space.

  _c_flags=" ... -pg -mprofile-kernel"
  CC_FLAGS_FTRACE="-pg -mprofile-kernel "
                                       ^
    findstring is looking for this extra space

Remove the redundant whitespaces from CC_FLAGS_FTRACE in
cmd_record_mcount to avoid this problem.

[masahiro.yamada: This issue only happens in the released versions
of GNU Make. CC_FLAGS_FTRACE will not contain the trailing space if
you use the latest GNU Make, which contains commit b90fabc8d6f3
("* NEWS: Do not insert a space during '+=' if the value is empty.") ]

Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> (refactoring)
Fixes: 6977f95e ("powerpc: avoid -mno-sched-epilog on GCC 4.9 and newer").
Signed-off-by: NJoe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

scripts/Makefile.build and arch/s390/boot/Makefile use the same
command (thin archiving with symbol table creation).

Avoid the code duplication, and move it to scripts/Makefile.lib.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The genksyms source was integrated into the kernel tree in 2003.

I do not expect anybody still using the external /sbin/genksyms.
Kbuild does not need to provide the ability to override GENKSYMS.

Let's remove the GENKSYMS variable, and use the hardcoded path.

Since it occurred in the pre-git era, I attached the commit message
in case somebody is interested in the historical background.

  | Author: Kai Germaschewski <kai@tp1.ruhr-uni-bochum.de>
  | Date:   Wed Feb 19 04:17:28 2003 -0600
  |
  | kbuild: [PATCH] put genksyms in scripts dir
  |
  | This puts genksyms into scripts/genksyms/.
  |
  | genksyms used to be maintained externally, though the only possible user
  | was the kernel build. Moving it into the kernel sources makes it easier to
  | keep it uptodate, like for example updating it to generate linker scripts
  | directly instead of postprocessing the generated header file fragments
  | with sed, as we do currently.
  |
  | Also, genksyms does not handle __typeof__, which needs to be fixed since
  | some of the exported symbol in the kernel are defined using __typeof__.
  |
  | (Rusty Russell/me)
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Do not generate pointless modules.order when the module support is
disabled.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Modern gcc adds view assignments, reset assertion checking in .loc
directives and a couple more additional debug markers, which clutters
the asm output unnecessarily:

For example:

  bsp_resume:
  .LFB3466:
          .loc 1 1868 1 is_stmt 1 view -0
          .cfi_startproc
          .loc 1 1869 2 view .LVU73
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1869:    if (this_cpu->c_bsp_resume)
          .loc 1 1869 14 is_stmt 0 view .LVU74
          movq    this_cpu(%rip), %rax    # this_cpu, this_cpu
          movq    64(%rax), %rax  # this_cpu.94_1->c_bsp_resume, _2
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1869:    if (this_cpu->c_bsp_resume)
          .loc 1 1869 5 view .LVU75
          testq   %rax, %rax      # _2
          je      .L8     #,
          .loc 1 1870 3 is_stmt 1 view .LVU76
          movq    $boot_cpu_data, %rdi    #,
          jmp     __x86_indirect_thunk_rax

or
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU478
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU479
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU480
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU481
  .LBB1385:
  .LBB1383:
  .LBB1379:
  .LBB1377:
  .LBB1375:
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU482
        .loc 2 57 9 view .LVU483
        movl	%edi, %edx	# cpu, cpu
  .LVL87:
        .loc 2 57 9 is_stmt 0 view .LVU484

That MOV in there is drowned in debugging information and latter makes
it hard to follow the asm. And that DWARF info is not really needed for
asm output staring.

Disable the debug information generation which clutters the asm output
unnecessarily:

  bsp_resume:
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1869:    if (this_cpu->c_bsp_resume)
          movq    this_cpu(%rip), %rax    # this_cpu, this_cpu
          movq    64(%rax), %rax  # this_cpu.94_1->c_bsp_resume, _2
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1869:    if (this_cpu->c_bsp_resume)
          testq   %rax, %rax      # _2
          je      .L8     #,
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1870:            this_cpu->c_bsp_resume(&boot_cpu_data);
          movq    $boot_cpu_data, %rdi    #,
          jmp     __x86_indirect_thunk_rax
  .L8:
  # arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c:1871: }
          rep ret
          .size   bsp_resume, .-bsp_resume

  [ bp: write commit message. ]
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>

The commands surrounded by ( ) are executed in a subshell, but in
most cases, we do not need to spawn an extra subshell.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

In Kbuild, if_changed and friends must have FORCE as a prerequisite.

Hence, $(filter-out FORCE,$^) or $(filter-out $(PHONY),$^) is a common
idiom to get the names of all the prerequisites except phony targets.

Add real-prereqs as a shorthand.

Note:
We cannot replace $(filter %.o,$^) in cmd_link_multi-m because $^ may
include auto-generated dependencies from the .*.cmd file when a single
object module is changed into a multi object module. Refer to commit
69ea912f ("kbuild: remove unneeded link_multi_deps"). I added some
comment to avoid accidental breakage.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

The symbol table in the final archive is unneeded; the linker does not
require the symbol table after the --whole-archive option. Every object
file in the archive is included in the link anyway.

Pass thin archives from subdirectories directly to the linker, and
remove the final archiving step.

Fix up the document and comments as well.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NNicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>

The single targets *.ll and *.symtypes have never been treated as
a module. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Use $(foreach ...) to make it shorter.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

part-of-module and quiet_modtag are set for the same targets.
Define quiet_modtag based on part-of-module.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

All objects in $(obj-m) are contained in $(real-obj-m) as well.

It is true composite objects are only contained in $(obj-m),
but [M] is hard-coded in quiet_cmd_link_multi-m.

This line is redundant.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

In commit 54a702f7 ("kbuild: mark $(targets) as .SECONDARY and
remove .PRECIOUS markers"), I missed one important feature of the
.SECONDARY target:

    .SECONDARY with no prerequisites causes all targets to be
    treated as secondary.

... which agrees with the policy of Kbuild.

Let's move it to scripts/Kbuild.include, with no prerequisites.

Note:
If an intermediate file is generated by $(call if_changed,...), you
still need to add it to "targets" so its .*.cmd file is included.

The arm/arm64 crypto files are generated by $(call cmd,shipped),
so they do not need to be added to "targets", but need to be added
to "clean-files" so "make clean" can properly clean them away.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

These three cmd_* are invoked in the $(call cmd,*) form.

Now that 'set -e' moved to the 'cmd' macro, they do not need to
explicitly give 'set -e'.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

With the change of rule_cc_o_c / rule_as_o_S in the last commit, each
command is executed in a separate subshell. Rip off unneeded semicolons.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The 'define' ... 'endef' directive is useful to confine a series of
shell commands into a single macro:

  define foo
          [action1]
          [action2]
          [action3]
  endif

Each action is executed in a separate subshell.

However, rule_cc_o_c and rule_as_o_S in scripts/Makefile.build are
written as follows (with a trailing semicolon in each cmd_*):

  define rule_cc_o_c
          [action1] ; \
          [action2] ; \
          [action3] ;
  endef

All shell commands are concatenated with '; \' so that it looks like
a single command from the Makefile point of view. This does not
exploit the benefits of 'define' ... 'endef' form because a single
shell command can be more simply written, like this:

  rule_cc_o_c = \
          [action1] ; \
          [action2] ; \
          [action3] ;

I guess the intention for the command concatenation was to let the
'@set -e' in if_changed_rule cover all the commands.

We can improve the readability by moving '@set -e' to the 'cmd' macro.
The combo of $(call echo-cmd,*) $(cmd_*) in rule_cc_o_c and rule_as_o_S
have been replaced with $(call cmd,*). The trailing back-slashes have
been removed.

Here is a note about the performance: the commands in rule_cc_o_c and
rule_as_o_S were previously executed all together in a single subshell,
but now each line in a separate subshell. This means Make will spawn
extra subshells [1]. I measured the build performance for
  x86_64_defconfig + CONFIG_MODVERSIONS + CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
and I saw slight performance regression, but I believe code readability
and maintainability wins.

[1] Precisely, GNU Make may optimize this by executing the command
    directly instead of forking a subshell, if no shell special
    characters are found in the command line and omitting the subshell
    will not change the behavior.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

My main motivation of this commit is to clean up scripts/Kbuild.include
and scripts/Makefile.build.

Currently, CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS works with a tricky gimmick;
possibly exported symbols are detected by letting $(CPP) replace
EXPORT_SYMBOL* with a special string '=== __KSYM_*===', which is
post-processed by sed, and passed to fixdep. The extra preprocessing
is costly, and hacking cmd_and_fixdep is ugly.

I came up with a new way to find exported symbols; insert a dummy
symbol __ksym_marker_* to each potentially exported symbol. Those
dummy symbols are picked up by $(NM), post-processed by sed, then
appended to .*.cmd files. I collected the post-process part to a
new shell script scripts/gen_ksymdeps.sh for readability. The dummy
symbols are put into the .discard.* section so that the linker
script rips them off the final vmlinux or modules.

A nice side-effect is building with CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS will
be much faster.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: NNicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>

Let $(CC) compile objects into normal files *.o instead of .tmp_*.o
whether CONFIG_MODVERSIONS is enabled or not. With this, the input
file for objtool is always *.o so objtool_o can go away.

I guess the reason of using .tmp_*.o for intermediate objects was
to avoid leaving incomplete *.o file (, whose timestamp says it is
up-to-date) when the genksyms tool failed for some reasons.

It no longer matters because any targets are deleted on errors since
commit 9c2af1c7 ("kbuild: add .DELETE_ON_ERROR special target").
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

This is executed inside the if_changed_rule, which already sets
'set -e'.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>