Create a new wakeup preemption mode, preempt towards tasks that run
shorter on avg. It sets next buddy to be sure we actually run the task
we preempted for.

Test results:

 root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
 [1] 6537
 root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
 [2] 6538
 root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
 [3] 6539
 root@twins:~# while :; do :; done &
 [4] 6540

 root@twins:/home/peter# ./latt -c4 sleep 4
 Entries: 48 (clients=4)

 Averages:
 ------------------------------
        Max          4750 usec
        Avg           497 usec
        Stdev         737 usec

 root@twins:/home/peter# echo WAKEUP_RUNNING > /debug/sched_features

 root@twins:/home/peter# ./latt -c4 sleep 4
 Entries: 48 (clients=4)

 Averages:
 ------------------------------
        Max            14 usec
        Avg             5 usec
        Stdev           3 usec

Disabled by default - needs more testing.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NMike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>

For counting how long an application has been waiting for
(disk) IO, there currently is only the HZ sample driven
information available, while for all other counters in this
class, a high resolution version is available via
CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS.

In order to make an improved bootchart tool possible, we also
need a higher resolution version of the iowait time.

This patch below adds this scheduler statistic to the kernel.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <4A64B813.1080506@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

There are some points which refer the per-cpu value "runqueues" directly.
sched.c provides nice abstraction, such as cpu_rq() and this_rq(),
so we should use these macros when looking runqueues.
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <mitake@dcl.info.waseda.ac.jp>
LKML-Reference: <20090617.222055.374768827975756908.mitake@dcl.info.waseda.ac.jp>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup, new schedstat ABI

Since they are used on in statistics and are always set to zero, the
following fields from struct rq have been removed: yld_exp_empty,
yld_act_empty and yld_both_empty.

Both Sched Debug and SCHEDSTAT_VERSION versions has also been
incremented since ABIs have been changed.

The schedtop tool has been updated to properly handle new version of
schedstat:

   http://rt.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Schedtop_utilitySigned-off-by: NLuis Henriques <henrix@sapo.pt>
Acked-by: NGregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <20090324221002.GA10061@hades.domain.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The jiffies value was being printed for each CPU, which does not seem to make
sense.  Moved jiffies to system section.
Signed-off-by: NLuis Henriques <henrix@sapo.pt>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <20090318000425.GA2228@hades.domain.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Introduce a new avg_wakeup statistic.

avg_wakeup is a measure of how frequently a task wakes up other tasks, it
represents the average time between wakeups, with a limit of avg_runtime
for when it doesn't wake up anybody.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NMike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: avoid accessing NULL tg.css->cgroup

In commit 0a0db8f5, I removed checking
NULL tg.css->cgroup, but I realized I was wrong when I found reading
/proc/sched_debug can race with cgroup_create().
Signed-off-by: NLi Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: extend information in /proc/sched_debug

This patch adds uid information in sched_debug for CONFIG_USER_SCHED
Signed-off-by: NArun R Bharadwaj <arun@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Luis Henriques reported that with CONFIG_PREEMPT=y + CONFIG_PREEMPT_DEBUG=y +
CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG=y + CONFIG_LATENCYTOP=y enabled, the following warning
triggers when using latencytop:

> [  775.663239] BUG: using smp_processor_id() in preemptible [00000000] code: latencytop/6585
> [  775.663303] caller is native_sched_clock+0x3a/0x80
> [  775.663314] Pid: 6585, comm: latencytop Tainted: G        W 2.6.28-rc4-00355-g9c7c3546 #1
> [  775.663322] Call Trace:
> [  775.663343]  [<ffffffff803a94e4>] debug_smp_processor_id+0xe4/0xf0
> [  775.663356]  [<ffffffff80213f7a>] native_sched_clock+0x3a/0x80
> [  775.663368]  [<ffffffff80213e19>] sched_clock+0x9/0x10
> [  775.663381]  [<ffffffff8024550d>] proc_sched_show_task+0x8bd/0x10e0
> [  775.663395]  [<ffffffff8034466e>] sched_show+0x3e/0x80
> [  775.663408]  [<ffffffff8031039b>] seq_read+0xdb/0x350
> [  775.663421]  [<ffffffff80368776>] ? security_file_permission+0x16/0x20
> [  775.663435]  [<ffffffff802f4198>] vfs_read+0xc8/0x170
> [  775.663447]  [<ffffffff802f4335>] sys_read+0x55/0x90
> [  775.663460]  [<ffffffff8020c67a>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
> ...

This breakage was caused by me via:

  7cbaef9c: sched: optimize sched_clock() a bit

Change the calls to cpu_clock().
Reported-by: NLuis Henriques <henrix@sapo.pt>

Impact: extend /proc/sched_debug info

Since the statistics of a group entity isn't exported directly from the
kernel, it becomes difficult to obtain some of the group statistics.
For example, the current method to obtain exec time of a group entity
is not always accurate. One has to read the exec times of all
the tasks(/proc/<pid>/sched) in the group and add them. This method
fails (or becomes difficult) if we want to collect stats of a group over
a duration where tasks get created and terminated.

This patch makes it easier to obtain group stats by directly including
them in /proc/sched_debug. Stats like group exec time would help user
programs (like LTP) to accurately measure the group fairness.

An example output of group stats from /proc/sched_debug:

cfs_rq[3]:/3/a/1
  .exec_clock                    : 89.598007
  .MIN_vruntime                  : 0.000001
  .min_vruntime                  : 256300.970506
  .max_vruntime                  : 0.000001
  .spread                        : 0.000000
  .spread0                       : -25373.372248
  .nr_running                    : 0
  .load                          : 0
  .yld_exp_empty                 : 0
  .yld_act_empty                 : 0
  .yld_both_empty                : 0
  .yld_count                     : 4474
  .sched_switch                  : 0
  .sched_count                   : 40507
  .sched_goidle                  : 12686
  .ttwu_count                    : 15114
  .ttwu_local                    : 11950
  .bkl_count                     : 67
  .nr_spread_over                : 0
  .shares                        : 0
  .se->exec_start                : 113676.727170
  .se->vruntime                  : 1592.612714
  .se->sum_exec_runtime          : 89.598007
  .se->wait_start                : 0.000000
  .se->sleep_start               : 0.000000
  .se->block_start               : 0.000000
  .se->sleep_max                 : 0.000000
  .se->block_max                 : 0.000000
  .se->exec_max                  : 1.000282
  .se->slice_max                 : 1.999750
  .se->wait_max                  : 54.981093
  .se->wait_sum                  : 217.610521
  .se->wait_count                : 50
  .se->load.weight               : 2
Signed-off-by: NBharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NSrivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NDhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: clean up and fix debug info printout

While looking over the sched_debug code I noticed that we printed the rq
schedstats for every cfs_rq, ammend this.

Also change nr_spead_over into an int, and fix a little buglet in
min_vruntime printing.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup

cfs->tg is initialized in init_tg_cfs_entry() with tg != NULL, and
will never be invalidated to NULL. And the underlying cgroup of a
valid task_group is always valid.

Same for rt->tg.
Signed-off-by: NLi Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: change /proc/sched/debug from rw-r--r-- to r--r--r--

/proc/sched_debug is read-only.
Signed-off-by: NLi Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

lock_task_sighand() make sure task->sighand is being protected,
so we do not need rcu_read_lock().
[ exec() will get task->sighand->siglock before change task->sighand! ]

But code using rcu_read_lock() _just_ to protect lock_task_sighand()
only appear in procfs. (and some code in procfs use lock_task_sighand()
without such redundant protection.)

Other subsystem may put lock_task_sighand() into rcu_read_lock()
critical region, but these rcu_read_lock() are used for protecting
"for_each_process()", "find_task_by_vpid()" etc. , not for protecting
lock_task_sighand().
Signed-off-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
[ok from Oleg]
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>

show all the schedstats in /debug/sched_debug as well.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Try again..

Initial commit: 18d95a28
Revert: 6363ca57Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: "Daniel K." <dk@uw.no>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Yanmin Zhang reported:

Comparing with 2.6.25, volanoMark has big regression with kernel 2.6.26-rc1.
It's about 50% on my 8-core stoakley, 16-core tigerton, and Itanium Montecito.

With bisect, I located the following patch:

| 18d95a28 is first bad commit
| commit 18d95a28
| Author: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
| Date:   Sat Apr 19 19:45:00 2008 +0200
|
|     sched: fair-group: SMP-nice for group scheduling

Revert it so that we get v2.6.25 behavior.
Bisected-by: NYanmin Zhang <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

this replaces the rq->clock stuff (and possibly cpu_clock()).

 - architectures that have an 'imperfect' hardware clock can set
   CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK

 - the 'jiffie' window might be superfulous when we update tick_gtod
   before the __update_sched_clock() call in sched_clock_tick()

 - cpu_clock() might be implemented as:

     sched_clock_cpu(smp_processor_id())

   if the accuracy proves good enough - how far can TSC drift in a
   single jiffie when considering the filtering and idle hooks?

[ mingo@elte.hu: various fixes and cleanups ]
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Rename div64_64 to div64_u64 to make it consistent with the other divide
functions, so it clearly includes the type of the divide.  Move its definition
to math64.h as currently no architecture overrides the generic implementation.
 They can still override it of course, but the duplicated declarations are
avoided.
Signed-off-by: NRoman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Use proc_create()/proc_create_data() to make sure that ->proc_fops and ->data
be setup before gluing PDE to main tree.
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add some extra debug output so we can get a better overview of the
full hierarchy.

We print the cgroup path after each cfs_rq, so we can see what group
we're looking at.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

it's unused.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

improve affine wakeups. Maintain the 'overlap' metric based on CFS's
sum_exec_runtime - which means the amount of time a task executes
after it wakes up some other task.

Use the 'overlap' for the wakeup decisions: if the 'overlap' is short,
it means there's strong workload coupling between this task and the
woken up task. If the 'overlap' is large then the workload is decoupled
and the scheduler will move them to separate CPUs more easily.

( Also slightly move the preempt_check within try_to_wake_up() - this has
  no effect on functionality but allows 'early wakeups' (for still-on-rq
  tasks) to be correctly accounted as well.)
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Right now, the linux kernel (with scheduler statistics enabled) keeps track
of the maximum time a process is waiting to be scheduled. While the maximum
is a very useful metric, tracking average and total is equally useful
(at least for latencytop) to figure out the accumulated effect of scheduler
delays. The accumulated effect is important to judge the performance impact
of scheduler tuning/behavior.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

We monitor clock overflows, let's also monitor clock underflows.
Signed-off-by: NGuillaume Chazarain <guichaz@yahoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Meelis Roos reported these warnings on sparc64:

  CC      kernel/sched.o
  In file included from kernel/sched.c:879:
  kernel/sched_debug.c: In function 'nsec_high':
  kernel/sched_debug.c:38: warning: comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast

the debug check in do_div() is over-eager here, because the long long
is always positive in these places. Mark this by casting them to
unsigned long long.

no change in code output:

   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
  51471    6582     376   58429    e43d sched.o.before
  51471    6582     376   58429    e43d sched.o.after

  md5:
   7f7729c111f185bf3ccea4d542abc049  sched.o.before.asm
   7f7729c111f185bf3ccea4d542abc049  sched.o.after.asm
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

clean up overlong line in kernel/sched_debug.c.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

bump version of kernel/sched_debug.c and remove CFS version
information from it.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

we lost the sched_min_granularity tunable to a clever optimization
that uses the sched_latency/min_granularity ratio - but the ratio
is quite unintuitive to users and can also crash the kernel if the
ratio is set to 0. So reintroduce the min_granularity tunable,
while keeping the ratio maintained internally.

no functionality changed.

[ mingo@elte.hu: some fixlets. ]
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Lockdep noticed that this lock can also be taken from hardirq context, and can
thus not unconditionally disable/enable irqs.

 WARNING: at kernel/lockdep.c:2033 trace_hardirqs_on()
  [show_trace_log_lvl+26/48] show_trace_log_lvl+0x1a/0x30
  [show_trace+18/32] show_trace+0x12/0x20
  [dump_stack+22/32] dump_stack+0x16/0x20
  [trace_hardirqs_on+405/416] trace_hardirqs_on+0x195/0x1a0
  [_read_unlock_irq+34/48] _read_unlock_irq+0x22/0x30
  [sched_debug_show+2615/4224] sched_debug_show+0xa37/0x1080
  [show_state_filter+326/368] show_state_filter+0x146/0x170
  [sysrq_handle_showstate+10/16] sysrq_handle_showstate+0xa/0x10
  [__handle_sysrq+123/288] __handle_sysrq+0x7b/0x120
  [handle_sysrq+40/64] handle_sysrq+0x28/0x40
  [kbd_event+1045/1680] kbd_event+0x415/0x690
  [input_pass_event+206/208] input_pass_event+0xce/0xd0
  [input_handle_event+170/928] input_handle_event+0xaa/0x3a0
  [input_event+95/112] input_event+0x5f/0x70
  [atkbd_interrupt+434/1456] atkbd_interrupt+0x1b2/0x5b0
  [serio_interrupt+59/128] serio_interrupt+0x3b/0x80
  [i8042_interrupt+263/576] i8042_interrupt+0x107/0x240
  [handle_IRQ_event+40/96] handle_IRQ_event+0x28/0x60
  [handle_edge_irq+175/320] handle_edge_irq+0xaf/0x140
  [do_IRQ+64/128] do_IRQ+0x40/0x80
  [common_interrupt+46/52] common_interrupt+0x2e/0x34
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

schedstat is useful in investigating CPU scheduler behavior.  Ideally,
I think it is beneficial to have it on all the time.  However, the
cost of turning it on in production system is quite high, largely due
to number of events it collects and also due to its large memory
footprint.

Most of the fields probably don't need to be full 64-bit on 64-bit
arch.  Rolling over 4 billion events will most like take a long time
and user space tool can be made to accommodate that.  I'm proposing
kernel to cut back most of variable width on 64-bit system.  (note,
the following patch doesn't affect 32-bit system).
Signed-off-by: NKen Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

In general, struct file_operations are const in the kernel, to not have
false cacheline sharing and to catch bugs at compiletime with accidental
writes to them. The new scheduler code introduces a new non-const one;
fix this up.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

add new migration statistics when SCHED_DEBUG and SCHEDSTATS
is enabled. Available in /proc/<PID>/sched.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

increase width of debug line - in preparation of more debugging info.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add tunables in sysfs to modify a user's cpu share.

A directory is created in sysfs for each new user in the system.

	/sys/kernel/uids/<uid>/cpu_share

Reading this file returns the cpu shares granted for the user.
Writing into this file modifies the cpu share for the user. Only an
administrator is allowed to modify a user's cpu share.

Ex:
	# cd /sys/kernel/uids/
	# cat 512/cpu_share
	1024
	# echo 2048 > 512/cpu_share
	# cat 512/cpu_share
	2048
	#
Signed-off-by: NSrivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

cleanup: rename task_grp to task_group. No need to save two characters
and 'grp' is annoying to read.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Fix coding style issues reported by Randy Dunlap and others
Signed-off-by: NDhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSrivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

speed up and simplify vslice calculations.

[ From: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>: build fix ]
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>